linux_dsm_epyc7002/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
Mark Rutland da57a369d3 arm64: Enable TEXT_OFFSET fuzzing
The arm64 Image header contains a text_offset field which bootloaders
are supposed to read to determine the offset (from a 2MB aligned "start
of memory" per booting.txt) at which to load the kernel. The offset is
not well respected by bootloaders at present, and due to the lack of
variation there is little incentive to support it. This is unfortunate
for the sake of future kernels where we may wish to vary the text offset
(even zeroing it).

This patch adds options to arm64 to enable fuzz-testing of text_offset.
CONFIG_ARM64_RANDOMIZE_TEXT_OFFSET forces the text offset to a random
16-byte aligned value value in the range [0..2MB) upon a build of the
kernel. It is recommended that distribution kernels enable randomization
to test bootloaders such that any compliance issues can be fixed early.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Tom Rini <trini@ti.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
2014-07-10 12:36:58 +01:00

707 lines
19 KiB
ArmAsm

/*
* Low-level CPU initialisation
* Based on arch/arm/kernel/head.S
*
* Copyright (C) 1994-2002 Russell King
* Copyright (C) 2003-2012 ARM Ltd.
* Authors: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
* Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/assembler.h>
#include <asm/ptrace.h>
#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
#include <asm/cache.h>
#include <asm/cputype.h>
#include <asm/memory.h>
#include <asm/thread_info.h>
#include <asm/pgtable-hwdef.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/virt.h>
#define KERNEL_RAM_VADDR (PAGE_OFFSET + TEXT_OFFSET)
#if (TEXT_OFFSET & 0xf) != 0
#error TEXT_OFFSET must be at least 16B aligned
#elif (PAGE_OFFSET & 0xfffff) != 0
#error PAGE_OFFSET must be at least 2MB aligned
#elif TEXT_OFFSET > 0xfffff
#error TEXT_OFFSET must be less than 2MB
#endif
.macro pgtbl, ttb0, ttb1, virt_to_phys
ldr \ttb1, =swapper_pg_dir
ldr \ttb0, =idmap_pg_dir
add \ttb1, \ttb1, \virt_to_phys
add \ttb0, \ttb0, \virt_to_phys
.endm
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_64K_PAGES
#define BLOCK_SHIFT PAGE_SHIFT
#define BLOCK_SIZE PAGE_SIZE
#else
#define BLOCK_SHIFT SECTION_SHIFT
#define BLOCK_SIZE SECTION_SIZE
#endif
#define KERNEL_START KERNEL_RAM_VADDR
#define KERNEL_END _end
/*
* Initial memory map attributes.
*/
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
#define PTE_FLAGS PTE_TYPE_PAGE | PTE_AF
#define PMD_FLAGS PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AF
#else
#define PTE_FLAGS PTE_TYPE_PAGE | PTE_AF | PTE_SHARED
#define PMD_FLAGS PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AF | PMD_SECT_S
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_64K_PAGES
#define MM_MMUFLAGS PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL) | PTE_FLAGS
#else
#define MM_MMUFLAGS PMD_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL) | PMD_FLAGS
#endif
/*
* Kernel startup entry point.
* ---------------------------
*
* The requirements are:
* MMU = off, D-cache = off, I-cache = on or off,
* x0 = physical address to the FDT blob.
*
* This code is mostly position independent so you call this at
* __pa(PAGE_OFFSET + TEXT_OFFSET).
*
* Note that the callee-saved registers are used for storing variables
* that are useful before the MMU is enabled. The allocations are described
* in the entry routines.
*/
__HEAD
/*
* DO NOT MODIFY. Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
efi_head:
/*
* This add instruction has no meaningful effect except that
* its opcode forms the magic "MZ" signature required by UEFI.
*/
add x13, x18, #0x16
b stext
#else
b stext // branch to kernel start, magic
.long 0 // reserved
#endif
.quad _kernel_offset_le // Image load offset from start of RAM, little-endian
.quad _kernel_size_le // Effective size of kernel image, little-endian
.quad _kernel_flags_le // Informative flags, little-endian
.quad 0 // reserved
.quad 0 // reserved
.quad 0 // reserved
.byte 0x41 // Magic number, "ARM\x64"
.byte 0x52
.byte 0x4d
.byte 0x64
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
.long pe_header - efi_head // Offset to the PE header.
#else
.word 0 // reserved
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
.align 3
pe_header:
.ascii "PE"
.short 0
coff_header:
.short 0xaa64 // AArch64
.short 2 // nr_sections
.long 0 // TimeDateStamp
.long 0 // PointerToSymbolTable
.long 1 // NumberOfSymbols
.short section_table - optional_header // SizeOfOptionalHeader
.short 0x206 // Characteristics.
// IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED |
// IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE |
// IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
optional_header:
.short 0x20b // PE32+ format
.byte 0x02 // MajorLinkerVersion
.byte 0x14 // MinorLinkerVersion
.long _edata - stext // SizeOfCode
.long 0 // SizeOfInitializedData
.long 0 // SizeOfUninitializedData
.long efi_stub_entry - efi_head // AddressOfEntryPoint
.long stext - efi_head // BaseOfCode
extra_header_fields:
.quad 0 // ImageBase
.long 0x20 // SectionAlignment
.long 0x8 // FileAlignment
.short 0 // MajorOperatingSystemVersion
.short 0 // MinorOperatingSystemVersion
.short 0 // MajorImageVersion
.short 0 // MinorImageVersion
.short 0 // MajorSubsystemVersion
.short 0 // MinorSubsystemVersion
.long 0 // Win32VersionValue
.long _edata - efi_head // SizeOfImage
// Everything before the kernel image is considered part of the header
.long stext - efi_head // SizeOfHeaders
.long 0 // CheckSum
.short 0xa // Subsystem (EFI application)
.short 0 // DllCharacteristics
.quad 0 // SizeOfStackReserve
.quad 0 // SizeOfStackCommit
.quad 0 // SizeOfHeapReserve
.quad 0 // SizeOfHeapCommit
.long 0 // LoaderFlags
.long 0x6 // NumberOfRvaAndSizes
.quad 0 // ExportTable
.quad 0 // ImportTable
.quad 0 // ResourceTable
.quad 0 // ExceptionTable
.quad 0 // CertificationTable
.quad 0 // BaseRelocationTable
// Section table
section_table:
/*
* The EFI application loader requires a relocation section
* because EFI applications must be relocatable. This is a
* dummy section as far as we are concerned.
*/
.ascii ".reloc"
.byte 0
.byte 0 // end of 0 padding of section name
.long 0
.long 0
.long 0 // SizeOfRawData
.long 0 // PointerToRawData
.long 0 // PointerToRelocations
.long 0 // PointerToLineNumbers
.short 0 // NumberOfRelocations
.short 0 // NumberOfLineNumbers
.long 0x42100040 // Characteristics (section flags)
.ascii ".text"
.byte 0
.byte 0
.byte 0 // end of 0 padding of section name
.long _edata - stext // VirtualSize
.long stext - efi_head // VirtualAddress
.long _edata - stext // SizeOfRawData
.long stext - efi_head // PointerToRawData
.long 0 // PointerToRelocations (0 for executables)
.long 0 // PointerToLineNumbers (0 for executables)
.short 0 // NumberOfRelocations (0 for executables)
.short 0 // NumberOfLineNumbers (0 for executables)
.long 0xe0500020 // Characteristics (section flags)
.align 5
#endif
ENTRY(stext)
mov x21, x0 // x21=FDT
bl el2_setup // Drop to EL1, w20=cpu_boot_mode
bl __calc_phys_offset // x24=PHYS_OFFSET, x28=PHYS_OFFSET-PAGE_OFFSET
bl set_cpu_boot_mode_flag
mrs x22, midr_el1 // x22=cpuid
mov x0, x22
bl lookup_processor_type
mov x23, x0 // x23=current cpu_table
cbz x23, __error_p // invalid processor (x23=0)?
bl __vet_fdt
bl __create_page_tables // x25=TTBR0, x26=TTBR1
/*
* The following calls CPU specific code in a position independent
* manner. See arch/arm64/mm/proc.S for details. x23 = base of
* cpu_info structure selected by lookup_processor_type above.
* On return, the CPU will be ready for the MMU to be turned on and
* the TCR will have been set.
*/
ldr x27, __switch_data // address to jump to after
// MMU has been enabled
adr lr, __enable_mmu // return (PIC) address
ldr x12, [x23, #CPU_INFO_SETUP]
add x12, x12, x28 // __virt_to_phys
br x12 // initialise processor
ENDPROC(stext)
/*
* If we're fortunate enough to boot at EL2, ensure that the world is
* sane before dropping to EL1.
*
* Returns either BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL1 or BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL2 in x20 if
* booted in EL1 or EL2 respectively.
*/
ENTRY(el2_setup)
mrs x0, CurrentEL
cmp x0, #CurrentEL_EL2
b.ne 1f
mrs x0, sctlr_el2
CPU_BE( orr x0, x0, #(1 << 25) ) // Set the EE bit for EL2
CPU_LE( bic x0, x0, #(1 << 25) ) // Clear the EE bit for EL2
msr sctlr_el2, x0
b 2f
1: mrs x0, sctlr_el1
CPU_BE( orr x0, x0, #(3 << 24) ) // Set the EE and E0E bits for EL1
CPU_LE( bic x0, x0, #(3 << 24) ) // Clear the EE and E0E bits for EL1
msr sctlr_el1, x0
mov w20, #BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL1 // This cpu booted in EL1
isb
ret
/* Hyp configuration. */
2: mov x0, #(1 << 31) // 64-bit EL1
msr hcr_el2, x0
/* Generic timers. */
mrs x0, cnthctl_el2
orr x0, x0, #3 // Enable EL1 physical timers
msr cnthctl_el2, x0
msr cntvoff_el2, xzr // Clear virtual offset
/* Populate ID registers. */
mrs x0, midr_el1
mrs x1, mpidr_el1
msr vpidr_el2, x0
msr vmpidr_el2, x1
/* sctlr_el1 */
mov x0, #0x0800 // Set/clear RES{1,0} bits
CPU_BE( movk x0, #0x33d0, lsl #16 ) // Set EE and E0E on BE systems
CPU_LE( movk x0, #0x30d0, lsl #16 ) // Clear EE and E0E on LE systems
msr sctlr_el1, x0
/* Coprocessor traps. */
mov x0, #0x33ff
msr cptr_el2, x0 // Disable copro. traps to EL2
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
msr hstr_el2, xzr // Disable CP15 traps to EL2
#endif
/* Stage-2 translation */
msr vttbr_el2, xzr
/* Hypervisor stub */
adr x0, __hyp_stub_vectors
msr vbar_el2, x0
/* spsr */
mov x0, #(PSR_F_BIT | PSR_I_BIT | PSR_A_BIT | PSR_D_BIT |\
PSR_MODE_EL1h)
msr spsr_el2, x0
msr elr_el2, lr
mov w20, #BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL2 // This CPU booted in EL2
eret
ENDPROC(el2_setup)
/*
* Sets the __boot_cpu_mode flag depending on the CPU boot mode passed
* in x20. See arch/arm64/include/asm/virt.h for more info.
*/
ENTRY(set_cpu_boot_mode_flag)
ldr x1, =__boot_cpu_mode // Compute __boot_cpu_mode
add x1, x1, x28
cmp w20, #BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL2
b.ne 1f
add x1, x1, #4
1: str w20, [x1] // This CPU has booted in EL1
dmb sy
dc ivac, x1 // Invalidate potentially stale cache line
ret
ENDPROC(set_cpu_boot_mode_flag)
/*
* We need to find out the CPU boot mode long after boot, so we need to
* store it in a writable variable.
*
* This is not in .bss, because we set it sufficiently early that the boot-time
* zeroing of .bss would clobber it.
*/
.pushsection .data..cacheline_aligned
ENTRY(__boot_cpu_mode)
.align L1_CACHE_SHIFT
.long BOOT_CPU_MODE_EL2
.long 0
.popsection
.align 3
2: .quad .
.quad PAGE_OFFSET
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
.align 3
1: .quad .
.quad secondary_holding_pen_release
/*
* This provides a "holding pen" for platforms to hold all secondary
* cores are held until we're ready for them to initialise.
*/
ENTRY(secondary_holding_pen)
bl el2_setup // Drop to EL1, w20=cpu_boot_mode
bl __calc_phys_offset // x24=PHYS_OFFSET, x28=PHYS_OFFSET-PAGE_OFFSET
bl set_cpu_boot_mode_flag
mrs x0, mpidr_el1
ldr x1, =MPIDR_HWID_BITMASK
and x0, x0, x1
adr x1, 1b
ldp x2, x3, [x1]
sub x1, x1, x2
add x3, x3, x1
pen: ldr x4, [x3]
cmp x4, x0
b.eq secondary_startup
wfe
b pen
ENDPROC(secondary_holding_pen)
/*
* Secondary entry point that jumps straight into the kernel. Only to
* be used where CPUs are brought online dynamically by the kernel.
*/
ENTRY(secondary_entry)
bl el2_setup // Drop to EL1
bl __calc_phys_offset // x24=PHYS_OFFSET, x28=PHYS_OFFSET-PAGE_OFFSET
bl set_cpu_boot_mode_flag
b secondary_startup
ENDPROC(secondary_entry)
ENTRY(secondary_startup)
/*
* Common entry point for secondary CPUs.
*/
mrs x22, midr_el1 // x22=cpuid
mov x0, x22
bl lookup_processor_type
mov x23, x0 // x23=current cpu_table
cbz x23, __error_p // invalid processor (x23=0)?
pgtbl x25, x26, x28 // x25=TTBR0, x26=TTBR1
ldr x12, [x23, #CPU_INFO_SETUP]
add x12, x12, x28 // __virt_to_phys
blr x12 // initialise processor
ldr x21, =secondary_data
ldr x27, =__secondary_switched // address to jump to after enabling the MMU
b __enable_mmu
ENDPROC(secondary_startup)
ENTRY(__secondary_switched)
ldr x0, [x21] // get secondary_data.stack
mov sp, x0
mov x29, #0
b secondary_start_kernel
ENDPROC(__secondary_switched)
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
/*
* Setup common bits before finally enabling the MMU. Essentially this is just
* loading the page table pointer and vector base registers.
*
* On entry to this code, x0 must contain the SCTLR_EL1 value for turning on
* the MMU.
*/
__enable_mmu:
ldr x5, =vectors
msr vbar_el1, x5
msr ttbr0_el1, x25 // load TTBR0
msr ttbr1_el1, x26 // load TTBR1
isb
b __turn_mmu_on
ENDPROC(__enable_mmu)
/*
* Enable the MMU. This completely changes the structure of the visible memory
* space. You will not be able to trace execution through this.
*
* x0 = system control register
* x27 = *virtual* address to jump to upon completion
*
* other registers depend on the function called upon completion
*
* We align the entire function to the smallest power of two larger than it to
* ensure it fits within a single block map entry. Otherwise were PHYS_OFFSET
* close to the end of a 512MB or 1GB block we might require an additional
* table to map the entire function.
*/
.align 4
__turn_mmu_on:
msr sctlr_el1, x0
isb
br x27
ENDPROC(__turn_mmu_on)
/*
* Calculate the start of physical memory.
*/
__calc_phys_offset:
adr x0, 1f
ldp x1, x2, [x0]
sub x28, x0, x1 // x28 = PHYS_OFFSET - PAGE_OFFSET
add x24, x2, x28 // x24 = PHYS_OFFSET
ret
ENDPROC(__calc_phys_offset)
.align 3
1: .quad .
.quad PAGE_OFFSET
/*
* Macro to populate the PGD for the corresponding block entry in the next
* level (tbl) for the given virtual address.
*
* Preserves: pgd, tbl, virt
* Corrupts: tmp1, tmp2
*/
.macro create_pgd_entry, pgd, tbl, virt, tmp1, tmp2
lsr \tmp1, \virt, #PGDIR_SHIFT
and \tmp1, \tmp1, #PTRS_PER_PGD - 1 // PGD index
orr \tmp2, \tbl, #3 // PGD entry table type
str \tmp2, [\pgd, \tmp1, lsl #3]
.endm
/*
* Macro to populate block entries in the page table for the start..end
* virtual range (inclusive).
*
* Preserves: tbl, flags
* Corrupts: phys, start, end, pstate
*/
.macro create_block_map, tbl, flags, phys, start, end
lsr \phys, \phys, #BLOCK_SHIFT
lsr \start, \start, #BLOCK_SHIFT
and \start, \start, #PTRS_PER_PTE - 1 // table index
orr \phys, \flags, \phys, lsl #BLOCK_SHIFT // table entry
lsr \end, \end, #BLOCK_SHIFT
and \end, \end, #PTRS_PER_PTE - 1 // table end index
9999: str \phys, [\tbl, \start, lsl #3] // store the entry
add \start, \start, #1 // next entry
add \phys, \phys, #BLOCK_SIZE // next block
cmp \start, \end
b.ls 9999b
.endm
/*
* Setup the initial page tables. We only setup the barest amount which is
* required to get the kernel running. The following sections are required:
* - identity mapping to enable the MMU (low address, TTBR0)
* - first few MB of the kernel linear mapping to jump to once the MMU has
* been enabled, including the FDT blob (TTBR1)
* - pgd entry for fixed mappings (TTBR1)
*/
__create_page_tables:
pgtbl x25, x26, x28 // idmap_pg_dir and swapper_pg_dir addresses
mov x27, lr
/*
* Invalidate the idmap and swapper page tables to avoid potential
* dirty cache lines being evicted.
*/
mov x0, x25
add x1, x26, #SWAPPER_DIR_SIZE
bl __inval_cache_range
/*
* Clear the idmap and swapper page tables.
*/
mov x0, x25
add x6, x26, #SWAPPER_DIR_SIZE
1: stp xzr, xzr, [x0], #16
stp xzr, xzr, [x0], #16
stp xzr, xzr, [x0], #16
stp xzr, xzr, [x0], #16
cmp x0, x6
b.lo 1b
ldr x7, =MM_MMUFLAGS
/*
* Create the identity mapping.
*/
add x0, x25, #PAGE_SIZE // section table address
ldr x3, =KERNEL_START
add x3, x3, x28 // __pa(KERNEL_START)
create_pgd_entry x25, x0, x3, x5, x6
ldr x6, =KERNEL_END
mov x5, x3 // __pa(KERNEL_START)
add x6, x6, x28 // __pa(KERNEL_END)
create_block_map x0, x7, x3, x5, x6
/*
* Map the kernel image (starting with PHYS_OFFSET).
*/
add x0, x26, #PAGE_SIZE // section table address
mov x5, #PAGE_OFFSET
create_pgd_entry x26, x0, x5, x3, x6
ldr x6, =KERNEL_END
mov x3, x24 // phys offset
create_block_map x0, x7, x3, x5, x6
/*
* Map the FDT blob (maximum 2MB; must be within 512MB of
* PHYS_OFFSET).
*/
mov x3, x21 // FDT phys address
and x3, x3, #~((1 << 21) - 1) // 2MB aligned
mov x6, #PAGE_OFFSET
sub x5, x3, x24 // subtract PHYS_OFFSET
tst x5, #~((1 << 29) - 1) // within 512MB?
csel x21, xzr, x21, ne // zero the FDT pointer
b.ne 1f
add x5, x5, x6 // __va(FDT blob)
add x6, x5, #1 << 21 // 2MB for the FDT blob
sub x6, x6, #1 // inclusive range
create_block_map x0, x7, x3, x5, x6
1:
/*
* Create the pgd entry for the fixed mappings.
*/
ldr x5, =FIXADDR_TOP // Fixed mapping virtual address
add x0, x26, #2 * PAGE_SIZE // section table address
create_pgd_entry x26, x0, x5, x6, x7
/*
* Since the page tables have been populated with non-cacheable
* accesses (MMU disabled), invalidate the idmap and swapper page
* tables again to remove any speculatively loaded cache lines.
*/
mov x0, x25
add x1, x26, #SWAPPER_DIR_SIZE
bl __inval_cache_range
mov lr, x27
ret
ENDPROC(__create_page_tables)
.ltorg
.align 3
.type __switch_data, %object
__switch_data:
.quad __mmap_switched
.quad __bss_start // x6
.quad __bss_stop // x7
.quad processor_id // x4
.quad __fdt_pointer // x5
.quad memstart_addr // x6
.quad init_thread_union + THREAD_START_SP // sp
/*
* The following fragment of code is executed with the MMU on in MMU mode, and
* uses absolute addresses; this is not position independent.
*/
__mmap_switched:
adr x3, __switch_data + 8
ldp x6, x7, [x3], #16
1: cmp x6, x7
b.hs 2f
str xzr, [x6], #8 // Clear BSS
b 1b
2:
ldp x4, x5, [x3], #16
ldr x6, [x3], #8
ldr x16, [x3]
mov sp, x16
str x22, [x4] // Save processor ID
str x21, [x5] // Save FDT pointer
str x24, [x6] // Save PHYS_OFFSET
mov x29, #0
b start_kernel
ENDPROC(__mmap_switched)
/*
* Exception handling. Something went wrong and we can't proceed. We ought to
* tell the user, but since we don't have any guarantee that we're even
* running on the right architecture, we do virtually nothing.
*/
__error_p:
ENDPROC(__error_p)
__error:
1: nop
b 1b
ENDPROC(__error)
/*
* This function gets the processor ID in w0 and searches the cpu_table[] for
* a match. It returns a pointer to the struct cpu_info it found. The
* cpu_table[] must end with an empty (all zeros) structure.
*
* This routine can be called via C code and it needs to work with the MMU
* both disabled and enabled (the offset is calculated automatically).
*/
ENTRY(lookup_processor_type)
adr x1, __lookup_processor_type_data
ldp x2, x3, [x1]
sub x1, x1, x2 // get offset between VA and PA
add x3, x3, x1 // convert VA to PA
1:
ldp w5, w6, [x3] // load cpu_id_val and cpu_id_mask
cbz w5, 2f // end of list?
and w6, w6, w0
cmp w5, w6
b.eq 3f
add x3, x3, #CPU_INFO_SZ
b 1b
2:
mov x3, #0 // unknown processor
3:
mov x0, x3
ret
ENDPROC(lookup_processor_type)
.align 3
.type __lookup_processor_type_data, %object
__lookup_processor_type_data:
.quad .
.quad cpu_table
.size __lookup_processor_type_data, . - __lookup_processor_type_data
/*
* Determine validity of the x21 FDT pointer.
* The dtb must be 8-byte aligned and live in the first 512M of memory.
*/
__vet_fdt:
tst x21, #0x7
b.ne 1f
cmp x21, x24
b.lt 1f
mov x0, #(1 << 29)
add x0, x0, x24
cmp x21, x0
b.ge 1f
ret
1:
mov x21, #0
ret
ENDPROC(__vet_fdt)