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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> |
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| .. | ||
| doc | ||
| libsrc | ||
| src | ||
| vudc | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| AUTHORS | ||
| autogen.sh | ||
| cleanup.sh | ||
| configure.ac | ||
| COPYING | ||
| INSTALL | ||
| Makefile.am | ||
| README | ||
#
# README for usbip-utils
#
# Copyright (C) 2011 matt mooney <mfm@muteddisk.com>
# 2005-2008 Takahiro Hirofuchi
[Overview]
USB/IP protocol allows to pass USB device from server to client over the
network. Server is a machine which provides (shares) a USB device. Client is
a machine which uses USB device provided by server over the network.
The USB device may be either physical device connected to a server or
software entity created on a server using USB gadget subsystem.
Whole project consists of four parts:
- usbip-vhci
A client side kernel module which provides a virtual USB Host Controller
and allows to import a USB device from a remote machine.
- usbip-host (stub driver)
A server side module which provides a USB device driver which can be
bound to a physical USB device to make it exportable.
- usbip-vudc
A server side module which provides a virtual USB Device Controller and allows
to export a USB device created using USB Gadget Subsystem.
- usbip-utils
A set of userspace tools used to handle connection and management.
Used on both sides.
[Requirements]
- USB/IP device drivers
Found in the drivers/usb/usbip/ directory of the Linux kernel tree.
- libudev >= 2.0
libudev library
- libwrap0-dev
tcp wrapper library
- gcc >= 4.0
- libtool, automake >= 1.9, autoconf >= 2.5.0, pkg-config
[Optional]
- hwdata
Contains USB device identification data.
[Install]
0. Generate configuration scripts.
$ ./autogen.sh
1. Compile & install the userspace utilities.
$ ./configure [--with-tcp-wrappers=no] [--with-usbids-dir=<dir>]
$ make install
2. Compile & install USB/IP drivers.
[Usage]
On a server side there are two entities which can be shared.
First of them is physical usb device connected to the machine.
To make it available below steps should be executed:
server:# (Physically attach your USB device.)
server:# insmod usbip-core.ko
server:# insmod usbip-host.ko
server:# usbipd -D
- Start usbip daemon.
server:# usbip list -l
- List driver assignments for USB devices.
server:# usbip bind --busid 1-2
- Bind usbip-host.ko to the device with busid 1-2.
- The USB device 1-2 is now exportable to other hosts!
- Use `usbip unbind --busid 1-2' to stop exporting the device.
Second of shareable entities is USB Gadget created using USB Gadget Subsystem
on a server machine. To make it available below steps should be executed:
server:# (Create your USB gadget)
- Currently the most preferable way of creating a new USB gadget
is ConfigFS Composite Gadget. Please refer to its documentation
for details.
- See vudc_server_example.sh for a short example of USB gadget creation
server:# insmod usbip-core.ko
server:# insmod usbip-vudc.ko
- To create more than one instance of vudc use num module param
server:# (Bind gadget to one of available vudc)
- Assign your new gadget to USB/IP UDC
- Using ConfigFS interface you may do this simply by:
server:# cd /sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/<gadget_name>
server:# echo "usbip-vudc.0" > UDC
server:# usbipd -D --device
- Start usbip daemon.
To attach new device to client machine below commands should be used:
client:# insmod usbip-core.ko
client:# insmod vhci-hcd.ko
client:# usbip list --remote <host>
- List exported USB devices on the <host>.
client:# usbip attach --remote <host> --busid 1-2
- Connect the remote USB device.
- When using vudc on a server side busid is really vudc instance name.
For example: usbip-vudc.0
client:# usbip port
- Show virtual port status.
client:# usbip detach --port <port>
- Detach the USB device.
[Example]
---------------------------
SERVER SIDE
---------------------------
Physically attach your USB devices to this host.
trois:# insmod path/to/usbip-core.ko
trois:# insmod path/to/usbip-host.ko
trois:# usbipd -D
In another terminal, let's look up what USB devices are physically
attached to this host.
trois:# usbip list -l
Local USB devices
=================
- busid 1-1 (05a9:a511)
1-1:1.0 -> ov511
- busid 3-2 (0711:0902)
3-2:1.0 -> none
- busid 3-3.1 (08bb:2702)
3-3.1:1.0 -> snd-usb-audio
3-3.1:1.1 -> snd-usb-audio
- busid 3-3.2 (04bb:0206)
3-3.2:1.0 -> usb-storage
- busid 3-3 (0409:0058)
3-3:1.0 -> hub
- busid 4-1 (046d:08b2)
4-1:1.0 -> none
4-1:1.1 -> none
4-1:1.2 -> none
- busid 5-2 (058f:9254)
5-2:1.0 -> hub
A USB storage device of busid 3-3.2 is now bound to the usb-storage
driver. To export this device, we first mark the device as
"exportable"; the device is bound to the usbip-host driver. Please
remember you can not export a USB hub.
Mark the device of busid 3-3.2 as exportable:
trois:# usbip --debug bind --busid 3-3.2
...
usbip debug: usbip_bind.c:162:[unbind_other] 3-3.2:1.0 -> usb-storage
...
bind device on busid 3-3.2: complete
trois:# usbip list -l
Local USB devices
=================
...
- busid 3-3.2 (04bb:0206)
3-3.2:1.0 -> usbip-host
...
---------------------------
CLIENT SIDE
---------------------------
First, let's list available remote devices that are marked as
exportable on the host.
deux:# insmod path/to/usbip-core.ko
deux:# insmod path/to/vhci-hcd.ko
deux:# usbip list --remote 10.0.0.3
Exportable USB devices
======================
- 10.0.0.3
1-1: Prolific Technology, Inc. : unknown product (067b:3507)
: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/usb1/1-1
: (Defined at Interface level) / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (00/00/00)
: 0 - Mass Storage / SCSI / Bulk (Zip) (08/06/50)
1-2.2.1: Apple Computer, Inc. : unknown product (05ac:0203)
: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/usb1/1-2/1-2.2/1-2.2.1
: (Defined at Interface level) / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (00/00/00)
: 0 - Human Interface Devices / Boot Interface Subclass / Keyboard (03/01/01)
1-2.2.3: OmniVision Technologies, Inc. : OV511+ WebCam (05a9:a511)
: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/usb1/1-2/1-2.2/1-2.2.3
: (Defined at Interface level) / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (00/00/00)
: 0 - Vendor Specific Class / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (ff/00/00)
3-1: Logitech, Inc. : QuickCam Pro 4000 (046d:08b2)
: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.0/0000:02:0a.0/usb3/3-1
: (Defined at Interface level) / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (00/00/00)
: 0 - Data / unknown subclass / unknown protocol (0a/ff/00)
: 1 - Audio / Control Device / unknown protocol (01/01/00)
: 2 - Audio / Streaming / unknown protocol (01/02/00)
Attach a remote USB device:
deux:# usbip attach --remote 10.0.0.3 --busid 1-1
port 0 attached
Show the devices attached to this client:
deux:# usbip port
Port 00: <Port in Use> at Full Speed(12Mbps)
Prolific Technology, Inc. : unknown product (067b:3507)
6-1 -> usbip://10.0.0.3:3240/1-1 (remote bus/dev 001/004)
6-1:1.0 used by usb-storage
/sys/class/scsi_device/0:0:0:0/device
/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/device
/sys/block/sda/device
Detach the imported device:
deux:# usbip detach --port 0
port 0 detached
[Checklist]
- See 'Debug Tips' on the project wiki.
- http://usbip.wiki.sourceforge.net/how-to-debug-usbip
- usbip-host.ko must be bound to the target device.
- See /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices and find "Driver=..." lines of the device.
- Target USB gadget must be bound to vudc
(using USB gadget susbsys, not usbip bind command)
- Shutdown firewall.
- usbip now uses TCP port 3240.
- Disable SELinux.
- Check the kernel and daemon messages.
[Contact]
Mailing List: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org