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When we enable a device, we first enable any upstream bridges. If a bridge
has multiple downstream devices and we enable them simultaneously, the race
to enable the upstream bridge may cause problems. Consider this hierarchy:
bridge A --+-- device B
+-- device C
If drivers for B and C call pci_enable_device() simultaneously, both will
attempt to enable A, which involves setting PCI_COMMAND_MASTER via
pci_set_master() and PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY via pci_enable_resources().
In the following sequence, B's update to set A's PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY is
lost, and neither B nor C will work correctly:
B C
pci_set_master(A)
cmd = read(A, PCI_COMMAND)
cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_MASTER
pci_set_master(A)
cmd = read(A, PCI_COMMAND)
cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_MASTER
write(A, PCI_COMMAND, cmd)
pci_enable_device(A)
pci_enable_resources(A)
cmd = read(A, PCI_COMMAND)
cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY
write(A, PCI_COMMAND, cmd)
write(A, PCI_COMMAND, cmd)
Avoid this race by holding a new pci_bridge_mutex while enabling a bridge.
This ensures that both PCI_COMMAND_MASTER and PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY will be
updated before another thread can start enabling the bridge.
Note that although pci_enable_bridge() is recursive, it enables any
upstream bridges *before* acquiring the mutex. When it acquires the mutex
and calls pci_set_master() and pci_enable_device(), any upstream bridges
have already been enabled so pci_enable_device() will not deadlock by
calling pci_enable_bridge() again.
Signed-off-by: Srinath Mannam <srinath.mannam@broadcom.com>
[bhelgaas: changelog, comment]
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
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Linux kernel ============ This file was moved to Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst Please notice that there are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or ``make pdfdocs``. There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory, several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation. See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what is contained in each file. Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.