/* * kexec.c - kexec system call core code. * Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Eric Biederman * * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License, * Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details. */ #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "kexec_internal.h" DEFINE_MUTEX(kexec_mutex); /* Per cpu memory for storing cpu states in case of system crash. */ note_buf_t __percpu *crash_notes; /* vmcoreinfo stuff */ static unsigned char vmcoreinfo_data[VMCOREINFO_BYTES]; u32 vmcoreinfo_note[VMCOREINFO_NOTE_SIZE/4]; size_t vmcoreinfo_size; size_t vmcoreinfo_max_size = sizeof(vmcoreinfo_data); /* Flag to indicate we are going to kexec a new kernel */ bool kexec_in_progress = false; EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kexec_in_progress); /* Location of the reserved area for the crash kernel */ struct resource crashk_res = { .name = "Crash kernel", .start = 0, .end = 0, .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM, .desc = IORES_DESC_CRASH_KERNEL }; struct resource crashk_low_res = { .name = "Crash kernel", .start = 0, .end = 0, .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM, .desc = IORES_DESC_CRASH_KERNEL }; int kexec_should_crash(struct task_struct *p) { /* * If crash_kexec_post_notifiers is enabled, don't run * crash_kexec() here yet, which must be run after panic * notifiers in panic(). */ if (crash_kexec_post_notifiers) return 0; /* * There are 4 panic() calls in do_exit() path, each of which * corresponds to each of these 4 conditions. */ if (in_interrupt() || !p->pid || is_global_init(p) || panic_on_oops) return 1; return 0; } int kexec_crash_loaded(void) { return !!kexec_crash_image; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kexec_crash_loaded); /* * When kexec transitions to the new kernel there is a one-to-one * mapping between physical and virtual addresses. On processors * where you can disable the MMU this is trivial, and easy. For * others it is still a simple predictable page table to setup. * * In that environment kexec copies the new kernel to its final * resting place. This means I can only support memory whose * physical address can fit in an unsigned long. In particular * addresses where (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) > ULONG_MAX cannot be handled. * If the assembly stub has more restrictive requirements * KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT and KEXEC_DEST_MEMORY_LIMIT can be * defined more restrictively in . * * The code for the transition from the current kernel to the * the new kernel is placed in the control_code_buffer, whose size * is given by KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE. In the best case only a single * page of memory is necessary, but some architectures require more. * Because this memory must be identity mapped in the transition from * virtual to physical addresses it must live in the range * 0 - TASK_SIZE, as only the user space mappings are arbitrarily * modifiable. * * The assembly stub in the control code buffer is passed a linked list * of descriptor pages detailing the source pages of the new kernel, * and the destination addresses of those source pages. As this data * structure is not used in the context of the current OS, it must * be self-contained. * * The code has been made to work with highmem pages and will use a * destination page in its final resting place (if it happens * to allocate it). The end product of this is that most of the * physical address space, and most of RAM can be used. * * Future directions include: * - allocating a page table with the control code buffer identity * mapped, to simplify machine_kexec and make kexec_on_panic more * reliable. */ /* * KIMAGE_NO_DEST is an impossible destination address..., for * allocating pages whose destination address we do not care about. */ #define KIMAGE_NO_DEST (-1UL) #define PAGE_COUNT(x) (((x) + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT) static struct page *kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage *image, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned long dest); int sanity_check_segment_list(struct kimage *image) { int i; unsigned long nr_segments = image->nr_segments; unsigned long total_pages = 0; /* * Verify we have good destination addresses. The caller is * responsible for making certain we don't attempt to load * the new image into invalid or reserved areas of RAM. This * just verifies it is an address we can use. * * Since the kernel does everything in page size chunks ensure * the destination addresses are page aligned. Too many * special cases crop of when we don't do this. The most * insidious is getting overlapping destination addresses * simply because addresses are changed to page size * granularity. */ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) { unsigned long mstart, mend; mstart = image->segment[i].mem; mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz; if (mstart > mend) return -EADDRNOTAVAIL; if ((mstart & ~PAGE_MASK) || (mend & ~PAGE_MASK)) return -EADDRNOTAVAIL; if (mend >= KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT) return -EADDRNOTAVAIL; } /* Verify our destination addresses do not overlap. * If we alloed overlapping destination addresses * through very weird things can happen with no * easy explanation as one segment stops on another. */ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) { unsigned long mstart, mend; unsigned long j; mstart = image->segment[i].mem; mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz; for (j = 0; j < i; j++) { unsigned long pstart, pend; pstart = image->segment[j].mem; pend = pstart + image->segment[j].memsz; /* Do the segments overlap ? */ if ((mend > pstart) && (mstart < pend)) return -EINVAL; } } /* Ensure our buffer sizes are strictly less than * our memory sizes. This should always be the case, * and it is easier to check up front than to be surprised * later on. */ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) { if (image->segment[i].bufsz > image->segment[i].memsz) return -EINVAL; } /* * Verify that no more than half of memory will be consumed. If the * request from userspace is too large, a large amount of time will be * wasted allocating pages, which can cause a soft lockup. */ for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) { if (PAGE_COUNT(image->segment[i].memsz) > totalram_pages / 2) return -EINVAL; total_pages += PAGE_COUNT(image->segment[i].memsz); } if (total_pages > totalram_pages / 2) return -EINVAL; /* * Verify we have good destination addresses. Normally * the caller is responsible for making certain we don't * attempt to load the new image into invalid or reserved * areas of RAM. But crash kernels are preloaded into a * reserved area of ram. We must ensure the addresses * are in the reserved area otherwise preloading the * kernel could corrupt things. */ if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) { for (i = 0; i < nr_segments; i++) { unsigned long mstart, mend; mstart = image->segment[i].mem; mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz - 1; /* Ensure we are within the crash kernel limits */ if ((mstart < phys_to_boot_phys(crashk_res.start)) || (mend > phys_to_boot_phys(crashk_res.end))) return -EADDRNOTAVAIL; } } return 0; } struct kimage *do_kimage_alloc_init(void) { struct kimage *image; /* Allocate a controlling structure */ image = kzalloc(sizeof(*image), GFP_KERNEL); if (!image) return NULL; image->head = 0; image->entry = &image->head; image->last_entry = &image->head; image->control_page = ~0; /* By default this does not apply */ image->type = KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT; /* Initialize the list of control pages */ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->control_pages); /* Initialize the list of destination pages */ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->dest_pages); /* Initialize the list of unusable pages */ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image->unusable_pages); return image; } int kimage_is_destination_range(struct kimage *image, unsigned long start, unsigned long end) { unsigned long i; for (i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) { unsigned long mstart, mend; mstart = image->segment[i].mem; mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz; if ((end > mstart) && (start < mend)) return 1; } return 0; } static struct page *kimage_alloc_pages(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order) { struct page *pages; pages = alloc_pages(gfp_mask, order); if (pages) { unsigned int count, i; pages->mapping = NULL; set_page_private(pages, order); count = 1 << order; for (i = 0; i < count; i++) SetPageReserved(pages + i); } return pages; } static void kimage_free_pages(struct page *page) { unsigned int order, count, i; order = page_private(page); count = 1 << order; for (i = 0; i < count; i++) ClearPageReserved(page + i); __free_pages(page, order); } void kimage_free_page_list(struct list_head *list) { struct page *page, *next; list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, list, lru) { list_del(&page->lru); kimage_free_pages(page); } } static struct page *kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(struct kimage *image, unsigned int order) { /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages * to their final resting place. As such they must * not conflict with either the destination addresses * or memory the kernel is already using. * * The only case where we really need more than one of * these are for architectures where we cannot disable * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped * page table for all of the memory. * * At worst this runs in O(N) of the image size. */ struct list_head extra_pages; struct page *pages; unsigned int count; count = 1 << order; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&extra_pages); /* Loop while I can allocate a page and the page allocated * is a destination page. */ do { unsigned long pfn, epfn, addr, eaddr; pages = kimage_alloc_pages(KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_GFP, order); if (!pages) break; pfn = page_to_boot_pfn(pages); epfn = pfn + count; addr = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT; eaddr = epfn << PAGE_SHIFT; if ((epfn >= (KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT >> PAGE_SHIFT)) || kimage_is_destination_range(image, addr, eaddr)) { list_add(&pages->lru, &extra_pages); pages = NULL; } } while (!pages); if (pages) { /* Remember the allocated page... */ list_add(&pages->lru, &image->control_pages); /* Because the page is already in it's destination * location we will never allocate another page at * that address. Therefore kimage_alloc_pages * will not return it (again) and we don't need * to give it an entry in image->segment[]. */ } /* Deal with the destination pages I have inadvertently allocated. * * Ideally I would convert multi-page allocations into single * page allocations, and add everything to image->dest_pages. * * For now it is simpler to just free the pages. */ kimage_free_page_list(&extra_pages); return pages; } static struct page *kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(struct kimage *image, unsigned int order) { /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages * to their final resting place. As such they must * not conflict with either the destination addresses * or memory the kernel is already using. * * Control pages are also the only pags we must allocate * when loading a crash kernel. All of the other pages * are specified by the segments and we just memcpy * into them directly. * * The only case where we really need more than one of * these are for architectures where we cannot disable * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped * page table for all of the memory. * * Given the low demand this implements a very simple * allocator that finds the first hole of the appropriate * size in the reserved memory region, and allocates all * of the memory up to and including the hole. */ unsigned long hole_start, hole_end, size; struct page *pages; pages = NULL; size = (1 << order) << PAGE_SHIFT; hole_start = (image->control_page + (size - 1)) & ~(size - 1); hole_end = hole_start + size - 1; while (hole_end <= crashk_res.end) { unsigned long i; if (hole_end > KEXEC_CRASH_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT) break; /* See if I overlap any of the segments */ for (i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) { unsigned long mstart, mend; mstart = image->segment[i].mem; mend = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz - 1; if ((hole_end >= mstart) && (hole_start <= mend)) { /* Advance the hole to the end of the segment */ hole_start = (mend + (size - 1)) & ~(size - 1); hole_end = hole_start + size - 1; break; } } /* If I don't overlap any segments I have found my hole! */ if (i == image->nr_segments) { pages = pfn_to_page(hole_start >> PAGE_SHIFT); image->control_page = hole_end; break; } } return pages; } struct page *kimage_alloc_control_pages(struct kimage *image, unsigned int order) { struct page *pages = NULL; switch (image->type) { case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT: pages = kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(image, order); break; case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH: pages = kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(image, order); break; } return pages; } static int kimage_add_entry(struct kimage *image, kimage_entry_t entry) { if (*image->entry != 0) image->entry++; if (image->entry == image->last_entry) { kimage_entry_t *ind_page; struct page *page; page = kimage_alloc_page(image, GFP_KERNEL, KIMAGE_NO_DEST); if (!page) return -ENOMEM; ind_page = page_address(page); *image->entry = virt_to_boot_phys(ind_page) | IND_INDIRECTION; image->entry = ind_page; image->last_entry = ind_page + ((PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(kimage_entry_t)) - 1); } *image->entry = entry; image->entry++; *image->entry = 0; return 0; } static int kimage_set_destination(struct kimage *image, unsigned long destination) { int result; destination &= PAGE_MASK; result = kimage_add_entry(image, destination | IND_DESTINATION); return result; } static int kimage_add_page(struct kimage *image, unsigned long page) { int result; page &= PAGE_MASK; result = kimage_add_entry(image, page | IND_SOURCE); return result; } static void kimage_free_extra_pages(struct kimage *image) { /* Walk through and free any extra destination pages I may have */ kimage_free_page_list(&image->dest_pages); /* Walk through and free any unusable pages I have cached */ kimage_free_page_list(&image->unusable_pages); } void kimage_terminate(struct kimage *image) { if (*image->entry != 0) image->entry++; *image->entry = IND_DONE; } #define for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) \ for (ptr = &image->head; (entry = *ptr) && !(entry & IND_DONE); \ ptr = (entry & IND_INDIRECTION) ? \ boot_phys_to_virt((entry & PAGE_MASK)) : ptr + 1) static void kimage_free_entry(kimage_entry_t entry) { struct page *page; page = boot_pfn_to_page(entry >> PAGE_SHIFT); kimage_free_pages(page); } void kimage_free(struct kimage *image) { kimage_entry_t *ptr, entry; kimage_entry_t ind = 0; if (!image) return; kimage_free_extra_pages(image); for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) { if (entry & IND_INDIRECTION) { /* Free the previous indirection page */ if (ind & IND_INDIRECTION) kimage_free_entry(ind); /* Save this indirection page until we are * done with it. */ ind = entry; } else if (entry & IND_SOURCE) kimage_free_entry(entry); } /* Free the final indirection page */ if (ind & IND_INDIRECTION) kimage_free_entry(ind); /* Handle any machine specific cleanup */ machine_kexec_cleanup(image); /* Free the kexec control pages... */ kimage_free_page_list(&image->control_pages); /* * Free up any temporary buffers allocated. This might hit if * error occurred much later after buffer allocation. */ if (image->file_mode) kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(image); kfree(image); } static kimage_entry_t *kimage_dst_used(struct kimage *image, unsigned long page) { kimage_entry_t *ptr, entry; unsigned long destination = 0; for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) { if (entry & IND_DESTINATION) destination = entry & PAGE_MASK; else if (entry & IND_SOURCE) { if (page == destination) return ptr; destination += PAGE_SIZE; } } return NULL; } static struct page *kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage *image, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned long destination) { /* * Here we implement safeguards to ensure that a source page * is not copied to its destination page before the data on * the destination page is no longer useful. * * To do this we maintain the invariant that a source page is * either its own destination page, or it is not a * destination page at all. * * That is slightly stronger than required, but the proof * that no problems will not occur is trivial, and the * implementation is simply to verify. * * When allocating all pages normally this algorithm will run * in O(N) time, but in the worst case it will run in O(N^2) * time. If the runtime is a problem the data structures can * be fixed. */ struct page *page; unsigned long addr; /* * Walk through the list of destination pages, and see if I * have a match. */ list_for_each_entry(page, &image->dest_pages, lru) { addr = page_to_boot_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT; if (addr == destination) { list_del(&page->lru); return page; } } page = NULL; while (1) { kimage_entry_t *old; /* Allocate a page, if we run out of memory give up */ page = kimage_alloc_pages(gfp_mask, 0); if (!page) return NULL; /* If the page cannot be used file it away */ if (page_to_boot_pfn(page) > (KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT >> PAGE_SHIFT)) { list_add(&page->lru, &image->unusable_pages); continue; } addr = page_to_boot_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT; /* If it is the destination page we want use it */ if (addr == destination) break; /* If the page is not a destination page use it */ if (!kimage_is_destination_range(image, addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE)) break; /* * I know that the page is someones destination page. * See if there is already a source page for this * destination page. And if so swap the source pages. */ old = kimage_dst_used(image, addr); if (old) { /* If so move it */ unsigned long old_addr; struct page *old_page; old_addr = *old & PAGE_MASK; old_page = boot_pfn_to_page(old_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT); copy_highpage(page, old_page); *old = addr | (*old & ~PAGE_MASK); /* The old page I have found cannot be a * destination page, so return it if it's * gfp_flags honor the ones passed in. */ if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_HIGHMEM) && PageHighMem(old_page)) { kimage_free_pages(old_page); continue; } addr = old_addr; page = old_page; break; } /* Place the page on the destination list, to be used later */ list_add(&page->lru, &image->dest_pages); } return page; } static int kimage_load_normal_segment(struct kimage *image, struct kexec_segment *segment) { unsigned long maddr; size_t ubytes, mbytes; int result; unsigned char __user *buf = NULL; unsigned char *kbuf = NULL; result = 0; if (image->file_mode) kbuf = segment->kbuf; else buf = segment->buf; ubytes = segment->bufsz; mbytes = segment->memsz; maddr = segment->mem; result = kimage_set_destination(image, maddr); if (result < 0) goto out; while (mbytes) { struct page *page; char *ptr; size_t uchunk, mchunk; page = kimage_alloc_page(image, GFP_HIGHUSER, maddr); if (!page) { result = -ENOMEM; goto out; } result = kimage_add_page(image, page_to_boot_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT); if (result < 0) goto out; ptr = kmap(page); /* Start with a clear page */ clear_page(ptr); ptr += maddr & ~PAGE_MASK; mchunk = min_t(size_t, mbytes, PAGE_SIZE - (maddr & ~PAGE_MASK)); uchunk = min(ubytes, mchunk); /* For file based kexec, source pages are in kernel memory */ if (image->file_mode) memcpy(ptr, kbuf, uchunk); else result = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, uchunk); kunmap(page); if (result) { result = -EFAULT; goto out; } ubytes -= uchunk; maddr += mchunk; if (image->file_mode) kbuf += mchunk; else buf += mchunk; mbytes -= mchunk; } out: return result; } static int kimage_load_crash_segment(struct kimage *image, struct kexec_segment *segment) { /* For crash dumps kernels we simply copy the data from * user space to it's destination. * We do things a page at a time for the sake of kmap. */ unsigned long maddr; size_t ubytes, mbytes; int result; unsigned char __user *buf = NULL; unsigned char *kbuf = NULL; result = 0; if (image->file_mode) kbuf = segment->kbuf; else buf = segment->buf; ubytes = segment->bufsz; mbytes = segment->memsz; maddr = segment->mem; while (mbytes) { struct page *page; char *ptr; size_t uchunk, mchunk; page = boot_pfn_to_page(maddr >> PAGE_SHIFT); if (!page) { result = -ENOMEM; goto out; } ptr = kmap(page); ptr += maddr & ~PAGE_MASK; mchunk = min_t(size_t, mbytes, PAGE_SIZE - (maddr & ~PAGE_MASK)); uchunk = min(ubytes, mchunk); if (mchunk > uchunk) { /* Zero the trailing part of the page */ memset(ptr + uchunk, 0, mchunk - uchunk); } /* For file based kexec, source pages are in kernel memory */ if (image->file_mode) memcpy(ptr, kbuf, uchunk); else result = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, uchunk); kexec_flush_icache_page(page); kunmap(page); if (result) { result = -EFAULT; goto out; } ubytes -= uchunk; maddr += mchunk; if (image->file_mode) kbuf += mchunk; else buf += mchunk; mbytes -= mchunk; } out: return result; } int kimage_load_segment(struct kimage *image, struct kexec_segment *segment) { int result = -ENOMEM; switch (image->type) { case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT: result = kimage_load_normal_segment(image, segment); break; case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH: result = kimage_load_crash_segment(image, segment); break; } return result; } struct kimage *kexec_image; struct kimage *kexec_crash_image; int kexec_load_disabled; /* * No panic_cpu check version of crash_kexec(). This function is called * only when panic_cpu holds the current CPU number; this is the only CPU * which processes crash_kexec routines. */ void __crash_kexec(struct pt_regs *regs) { /* Take the kexec_mutex here to prevent sys_kexec_load * running on one cpu from replacing the crash kernel * we are using after a panic on a different cpu. * * If the crash kernel was not located in a fixed area * of memory the xchg(&kexec_crash_image) would be * sufficient. But since I reuse the memory... */ if (mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex)) { if (kexec_crash_image) { struct pt_regs fixed_regs; crash_setup_regs(&fixed_regs, regs); crash_save_vmcoreinfo(); machine_crash_shutdown(&fixed_regs); machine_kexec(kexec_crash_image); } mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex); } } void crash_kexec(struct pt_regs *regs) { int old_cpu, this_cpu; /* * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the crash_kexec() code as with * panic(). Otherwise parallel calls of panic() and crash_kexec() * may stop each other. To exclude them, we use panic_cpu here too. */ this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id(); old_cpu = atomic_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID, this_cpu); if (old_cpu == PANIC_CPU_INVALID) { /* This is the 1st CPU which comes here, so go ahead. */ printk_nmi_flush_on_panic(); __crash_kexec(regs); /* * Reset panic_cpu to allow another panic()/crash_kexec() * call. */ atomic_set(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID); } } size_t crash_get_memory_size(void) { size_t size = 0; mutex_lock(&kexec_mutex); if (crashk_res.end != crashk_res.start) size = resource_size(&crashk_res); mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex); return size; } void __weak crash_free_reserved_phys_range(unsigned long begin, unsigned long end) { unsigned long addr; for (addr = begin; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) free_reserved_page(boot_pfn_to_page(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT)); } int crash_shrink_memory(unsigned long new_size) { int ret = 0; unsigned long start, end; unsigned long old_size; struct resource *ram_res; mutex_lock(&kexec_mutex); if (kexec_crash_image) { ret = -ENOENT; goto unlock; } start = crashk_res.start; end = crashk_res.end; old_size = (end == 0) ? 0 : end - start + 1; if (new_size >= old_size) { ret = (new_size == old_size) ? 0 : -EINVAL; goto unlock; } ram_res = kzalloc(sizeof(*ram_res), GFP_KERNEL); if (!ram_res) { ret = -ENOMEM; goto unlock; } start = roundup(start, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN); end = roundup(start + new_size, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN); crash_free_reserved_phys_range(end, crashk_res.end); if ((start == end) && (crashk_res.parent != NULL)) release_resource(&crashk_res); ram_res->start = end; ram_res->end = crashk_res.end; ram_res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM; ram_res->name = "System RAM"; crashk_res.end = end - 1; insert_resource(&iomem_resource, ram_res); unlock: mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex); return ret; } static u32 *append_elf_note(u32 *buf, char *name, unsigned type, void *data, size_t data_len) { struct elf_note note; note.n_namesz = strlen(name) + 1; note.n_descsz = data_len; note.n_type = type; memcpy(buf, ¬e, sizeof(note)); buf += (sizeof(note) + 3)/4; memcpy(buf, name, note.n_namesz); buf += (note.n_namesz + 3)/4; memcpy(buf, data, note.n_descsz); buf += (note.n_descsz + 3)/4; return buf; } static void final_note(u32 *buf) { struct elf_note note; note.n_namesz = 0; note.n_descsz = 0; note.n_type = 0; memcpy(buf, ¬e, sizeof(note)); } void crash_save_cpu(struct pt_regs *regs, int cpu) { struct elf_prstatus prstatus; u32 *buf; if ((cpu < 0) || (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)) return; /* Using ELF notes here is opportunistic. * I need a well defined structure format * for the data I pass, and I need tags * on the data to indicate what information I have * squirrelled away. ELF notes happen to provide * all of that, so there is no need to invent something new. */ buf = (u32 *)per_cpu_ptr(crash_notes, cpu); if (!buf) return; memset(&prstatus, 0, sizeof(prstatus)); prstatus.pr_pid = current->pid; elf_core_copy_kernel_regs(&prstatus.pr_reg, regs); buf = append_elf_note(buf, KEXEC_CORE_NOTE_NAME, NT_PRSTATUS, &prstatus, sizeof(prstatus)); final_note(buf); } static int __init crash_notes_memory_init(void) { /* Allocate memory for saving cpu registers. */ size_t size, align; /* * crash_notes could be allocated across 2 vmalloc pages when percpu * is vmalloc based . vmalloc doesn't guarantee 2 continuous vmalloc * pages are also on 2 continuous physical pages. In this case the * 2nd part of crash_notes in 2nd page could be lost since only the * starting address and size of crash_notes are exported through sysfs. * Here round up the size of crash_notes to the nearest power of two * and pass it to __alloc_percpu as align value. This can make sure * crash_notes is allocated inside one physical page. */ size = sizeof(note_buf_t); align = min(roundup_pow_of_two(sizeof(note_buf_t)), PAGE_SIZE); /* * Break compile if size is bigger than PAGE_SIZE since crash_notes * definitely will be in 2 pages with that. */ BUILD_BUG_ON(size > PAGE_SIZE); crash_notes = __alloc_percpu(size, align); if (!crash_notes) { pr_warn("Memory allocation for saving cpu register states failed\n"); return -ENOMEM; } return 0; } subsys_initcall(crash_notes_memory_init); /* * parsing the "crashkernel" commandline * * this code is intended to be called from architecture specific code */ /* * This function parses command lines in the format * * crashkernel=ramsize-range:size[,...][@offset] * * The function returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure. */ static int __init parse_crashkernel_mem(char *cmdline, unsigned long long system_ram, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base) { char *cur = cmdline, *tmp; /* for each entry of the comma-separated list */ do { unsigned long long start, end = ULLONG_MAX, size; /* get the start of the range */ start = memparse(cur, &tmp); if (cur == tmp) { pr_warn("crashkernel: Memory value expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } cur = tmp; if (*cur != '-') { pr_warn("crashkernel: '-' expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } cur++; /* if no ':' is here, than we read the end */ if (*cur != ':') { end = memparse(cur, &tmp); if (cur == tmp) { pr_warn("crashkernel: Memory value expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } cur = tmp; if (end <= start) { pr_warn("crashkernel: end <= start\n"); return -EINVAL; } } if (*cur != ':') { pr_warn("crashkernel: ':' expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } cur++; size = memparse(cur, &tmp); if (cur == tmp) { pr_warn("Memory value expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } cur = tmp; if (size >= system_ram) { pr_warn("crashkernel: invalid size\n"); return -EINVAL; } /* match ? */ if (system_ram >= start && system_ram < end) { *crash_size = size; break; } } while (*cur++ == ','); if (*crash_size > 0) { while (*cur && *cur != ' ' && *cur != '@') cur++; if (*cur == '@') { cur++; *crash_base = memparse(cur, &tmp); if (cur == tmp) { pr_warn("Memory value expected after '@'\n"); return -EINVAL; } } } return 0; } /* * That function parses "simple" (old) crashkernel command lines like * * crashkernel=size[@offset] * * It returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure. */ static int __init parse_crashkernel_simple(char *cmdline, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base) { char *cur = cmdline; *crash_size = memparse(cmdline, &cur); if (cmdline == cur) { pr_warn("crashkernel: memory value expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } if (*cur == '@') *crash_base = memparse(cur+1, &cur); else if (*cur != ' ' && *cur != '\0') { pr_warn("crashkernel: unrecognized char: %c\n", *cur); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } #define SUFFIX_HIGH 0 #define SUFFIX_LOW 1 #define SUFFIX_NULL 2 static __initdata char *suffix_tbl[] = { [SUFFIX_HIGH] = ",high", [SUFFIX_LOW] = ",low", [SUFFIX_NULL] = NULL, }; /* * That function parses "suffix" crashkernel command lines like * * crashkernel=size,[high|low] * * It returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure. */ static int __init parse_crashkernel_suffix(char *cmdline, unsigned long long *crash_size, const char *suffix) { char *cur = cmdline; *crash_size = memparse(cmdline, &cur); if (cmdline == cur) { pr_warn("crashkernel: memory value expected\n"); return -EINVAL; } /* check with suffix */ if (strncmp(cur, suffix, strlen(suffix))) { pr_warn("crashkernel: unrecognized char: %c\n", *cur); return -EINVAL; } cur += strlen(suffix); if (*cur != ' ' && *cur != '\0') { pr_warn("crashkernel: unrecognized char: %c\n", *cur); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static __init char *get_last_crashkernel(char *cmdline, const char *name, const char *suffix) { char *p = cmdline, *ck_cmdline = NULL; /* find crashkernel and use the last one if there are more */ p = strstr(p, name); while (p) { char *end_p = strchr(p, ' '); char *q; if (!end_p) end_p = p + strlen(p); if (!suffix) { int i; /* skip the one with any known suffix */ for (i = 0; suffix_tbl[i]; i++) { q = end_p - strlen(suffix_tbl[i]); if (!strncmp(q, suffix_tbl[i], strlen(suffix_tbl[i]))) goto next; } ck_cmdline = p; } else { q = end_p - strlen(suffix); if (!strncmp(q, suffix, strlen(suffix))) ck_cmdline = p; } next: p = strstr(p+1, name); } if (!ck_cmdline) return NULL; return ck_cmdline; } static int __init __parse_crashkernel(char *cmdline, unsigned long long system_ram, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base, const char *name, const char *suffix) { char *first_colon, *first_space; char *ck_cmdline; BUG_ON(!crash_size || !crash_base); *crash_size = 0; *crash_base = 0; ck_cmdline = get_last_crashkernel(cmdline, name, suffix); if (!ck_cmdline) return -EINVAL; ck_cmdline += strlen(name); if (suffix) return parse_crashkernel_suffix(ck_cmdline, crash_size, suffix); /* * if the commandline contains a ':', then that's the extended * syntax -- if not, it must be the classic syntax */ first_colon = strchr(ck_cmdline, ':'); first_space = strchr(ck_cmdline, ' '); if (first_colon && (!first_space || first_colon < first_space)) return parse_crashkernel_mem(ck_cmdline, system_ram, crash_size, crash_base); return parse_crashkernel_simple(ck_cmdline, crash_size, crash_base); } /* * That function is the entry point for command line parsing and should be * called from the arch-specific code. */ int __init parse_crashkernel(char *cmdline, unsigned long long system_ram, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base) { return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline, system_ram, crash_size, crash_base, "crashkernel=", NULL); } int __init parse_crashkernel_high(char *cmdline, unsigned long long system_ram, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base) { return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline, system_ram, crash_size, crash_base, "crashkernel=", suffix_tbl[SUFFIX_HIGH]); } int __init parse_crashkernel_low(char *cmdline, unsigned long long system_ram, unsigned long long *crash_size, unsigned long long *crash_base) { return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline, system_ram, crash_size, crash_base, "crashkernel=", suffix_tbl[SUFFIX_LOW]); } static void update_vmcoreinfo_note(void) { u32 *buf = vmcoreinfo_note; if (!vmcoreinfo_size) return; buf = append_elf_note(buf, VMCOREINFO_NOTE_NAME, 0, vmcoreinfo_data, vmcoreinfo_size); final_note(buf); } void crash_save_vmcoreinfo(void) { vmcoreinfo_append_str("CRASHTIME=%ld\n", get_seconds()); update_vmcoreinfo_note(); } void vmcoreinfo_append_str(const char *fmt, ...) { va_list args; char buf[0x50]; size_t r; va_start(args, fmt); r = vscnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args); va_end(args); r = min(r, vmcoreinfo_max_size - vmcoreinfo_size); memcpy(&vmcoreinfo_data[vmcoreinfo_size], buf, r); vmcoreinfo_size += r; } /* * provide an empty default implementation here -- architecture * code may override this */ void __weak arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo(void) {} phys_addr_t __weak paddr_vmcoreinfo_note(void) { return __pa((unsigned long)(char *)&vmcoreinfo_note); } static int __init crash_save_vmcoreinfo_init(void) { VMCOREINFO_OSRELEASE(init_uts_ns.name.release); VMCOREINFO_PAGESIZE(PAGE_SIZE); VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(init_uts_ns); VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(node_online_map); #ifdef CONFIG_MMU VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(swapper_pg_dir); #endif VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(_stext); VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(vmap_area_list); #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(mem_map); VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(contig_page_data); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(mem_section); VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(mem_section, NR_SECTION_ROOTS); VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(mem_section); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(mem_section, section_mem_map); #endif VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(page); VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(pglist_data); VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(zone); VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(free_area); VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(list_head); VMCOREINFO_SIZE(nodemask_t); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, flags); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, _refcount); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, mapping); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, lru); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, _mapcount); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, private); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, compound_dtor); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, compound_order); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page, compound_head); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, node_zones); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, nr_zones); #ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, node_mem_map); #endif VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, node_start_pfn); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, node_spanned_pages); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data, node_id); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone, free_area); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone, vm_stat); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone, spanned_pages); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(free_area, free_list); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(list_head, next); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(list_head, prev); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(vmap_area, va_start); VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(vmap_area, list); VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(zone.free_area, MAX_ORDER); log_buf_kexec_setup(); VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(free_area.free_list, MIGRATE_TYPES); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(NR_FREE_PAGES); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_lru); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_private); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_swapcache); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_slab); #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_hwpoison); #endif VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_head_mask); VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PAGE_BUDDY_MAPCOUNT_VALUE); #ifdef CONFIG_X86 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(HUGETLB_PAGE_DTOR); #endif arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo(); update_vmcoreinfo_note(); return 0; } subsys_initcall(crash_save_vmcoreinfo_init); /* * Move into place and start executing a preloaded standalone * executable. If nothing was preloaded return an error. */ int kernel_kexec(void) { int error = 0; if (!mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex)) return -EBUSY; if (!kexec_image) { error = -EINVAL; goto Unlock; } #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP if (kexec_image->preserve_context) { lock_system_sleep(); pm_prepare_console(); error = freeze_processes(); if (error) { error = -EBUSY; goto Restore_console; } suspend_console(); error = dpm_suspend_start(PMSG_FREEZE); if (error) goto Resume_console; /* At this point, dpm_suspend_start() has been called, * but *not* dpm_suspend_end(). We *must* call * dpm_suspend_end() now. Otherwise, drivers for * some devices (e.g. interrupt controllers) become * desynchronized with the actual state of the * hardware at resume time, and evil weirdness ensues. */ error = dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_FREEZE); if (error) goto Resume_devices; error = disable_nonboot_cpus(); if (error) goto Enable_cpus; local_irq_disable(); error = syscore_suspend(); if (error) goto Enable_irqs; } else #endif { kexec_in_progress = true; kernel_restart_prepare(NULL); migrate_to_reboot_cpu(); /* * migrate_to_reboot_cpu() disables CPU hotplug assuming that * no further code needs to use CPU hotplug (which is true in * the reboot case). However, the kexec path depends on using * CPU hotplug again; so re-enable it here. */ cpu_hotplug_enable(); pr_emerg("Starting new kernel\n"); machine_shutdown(); } machine_kexec(kexec_image); #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP if (kexec_image->preserve_context) { syscore_resume(); Enable_irqs: local_irq_enable(); Enable_cpus: enable_nonboot_cpus(); dpm_resume_start(PMSG_RESTORE); Resume_devices: dpm_resume_end(PMSG_RESTORE); Resume_console: resume_console(); thaw_processes(); Restore_console: pm_restore_console(); unlock_system_sleep(); } #endif Unlock: mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex); return error; } /* * Protection mechanism for crashkernel reserved memory after * the kdump kernel is loaded. * * Provide an empty default implementation here -- architecture * code may override this */ void __weak arch_kexec_protect_crashkres(void) {} void __weak arch_kexec_unprotect_crashkres(void) {}