/* * drivers/base/dd.c - The core device/driver interactions. * * This file contains the (sometimes tricky) code that controls the * interactions between devices and drivers, which primarily includes * driver binding and unbinding. * * All of this code used to exist in drivers/base/bus.c, but was * relocated to here in the name of compartmentalization (since it wasn't * strictly code just for the 'struct bus_type'. * * Copyright (c) 2002-5 Patrick Mochel * Copyright (c) 2002-3 Open Source Development Labs * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de> * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Novell Inc. * * This file is released under the GPLv2 */ #include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/kthread.h> #include <linux/wait.h> #include <linux/async.h> #include <linux/pm_runtime.h> #include <linux/pinctrl/devinfo.h> #include "base.h" #include "power/power.h" /* * Deferred Probe infrastructure. * * Sometimes driver probe order matters, but the kernel doesn't always have * dependency information which means some drivers will get probed before a * resource it depends on is available. For example, an SDHCI driver may * first need a GPIO line from an i2c GPIO controller before it can be * initialized. If a required resource is not available yet, a driver can * request probing to be deferred by returning -EPROBE_DEFER from its probe hook * * Deferred probe maintains two lists of devices, a pending list and an active * list. A driver returning -EPROBE_DEFER causes the device to be added to the * pending list. A successful driver probe will trigger moving all devices * from the pending to the active list so that the workqueue will eventually * retry them. * * The deferred_probe_mutex must be held any time the deferred_probe_*_list * of the (struct device*)->p->deferred_probe pointers are manipulated */ static DEFINE_MUTEX(deferred_probe_mutex); static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_pending_list); static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_active_list); static struct workqueue_struct *deferred_wq; static atomic_t deferred_trigger_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0); /** * deferred_probe_work_func() - Retry probing devices in the active list. */ static void deferred_probe_work_func(struct work_struct *work) { struct device *dev; struct device_private *private; /* * This block processes every device in the deferred 'active' list. * Each device is removed from the active list and passed to * bus_probe_device() to re-attempt the probe. The loop continues * until every device in the active list is removed and retried. * * Note: Once the device is removed from the list and the mutex is * released, it is possible for the device get freed by another thread * and cause a illegal pointer dereference. This code uses * get/put_device() to ensure the device structure cannot disappear * from under our feet. */ mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex); while (!list_empty(&deferred_probe_active_list)) { private = list_first_entry(&deferred_probe_active_list, typeof(*dev->p), deferred_probe); dev = private->device; list_del_init(&private->deferred_probe); get_device(dev); /* * Drop the mutex while probing each device; the probe path may * manipulate the deferred list */ mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex); /* * Force the device to the end of the dpm_list since * the PM code assumes that the order we add things to * the list is a good order for suspend but deferred * probe makes that very unsafe. */ device_pm_lock(); device_pm_move_last(dev); device_pm_unlock(); dev_dbg(dev, "Retrying from deferred list\n"); bus_probe_device(dev); mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex); put_device(dev); } mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex); } static DECLARE_WORK(deferred_probe_work, deferred_probe_work_func); static void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev) { mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex); if (list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) { dev_dbg(dev, "Added to deferred list\n"); list_add_tail(&dev->p->deferred_probe, &deferred_probe_pending_list); } mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex); } void driver_deferred_probe_del(struct device *dev) { mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex); if (!list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) { dev_dbg(dev, "Removed from deferred list\n"); list_del_init(&dev->p->deferred_probe); } mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex); } static bool driver_deferred_probe_enable = false; /** * driver_deferred_probe_trigger() - Kick off re-probing deferred devices * * This functions moves all devices from the pending list to the active * list and schedules the deferred probe workqueue to process them. It * should be called anytime a driver is successfully bound to a device. * * Note, there is a race condition in multi-threaded probe. In the case where * more than one device is probing at the same time, it is possible for one * probe to complete successfully while another is about to defer. If the second * depends on the first, then it will get put on the pending list after the * trigger event has already occured and will be stuck there. * * The atomic 'deferred_trigger_count' is used to determine if a successful * trigger has occurred in the midst of probing a driver. If the trigger count * changes in the midst of a probe, then deferred processing should be triggered * again. */ static void driver_deferred_probe_trigger(void) { if (!driver_deferred_probe_enable) return; /* * A successful probe means that all the devices in the pending list * should be triggered to be reprobed. Move all the deferred devices * into the active list so they can be retried by the workqueue */ mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex); atomic_inc(&deferred_trigger_count); list_splice_tail_init(&deferred_probe_pending_list, &deferred_probe_active_list); mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex); /* * Kick the re-probe thread. It may already be scheduled, but it is * safe to kick it again. */ queue_work(deferred_wq, &deferred_probe_work); } /** * deferred_probe_initcall() - Enable probing of deferred devices * * We don't want to get in the way when the bulk of drivers are getting probed. * Instead, this initcall makes sure that deferred probing is delayed until * late_initcall time. */ static int deferred_probe_initcall(void) { deferred_wq = create_singlethread_workqueue("deferwq"); if (WARN_ON(!deferred_wq)) return -ENOMEM; driver_deferred_probe_enable = true; driver_deferred_probe_trigger(); /* Sort as many dependencies as possible before exiting initcalls */ flush_workqueue(deferred_wq); return 0; } late_initcall(deferred_probe_initcall); static void driver_bound(struct device *dev) { if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) { printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: device %s already bound\n", __func__, kobject_name(&dev->kobj)); return; } pr_debug("driver: '%s': %s: bound to device '%s'\n", dev->driver->name, __func__, dev_name(dev)); klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_driver, &dev->driver->p->klist_devices); /* * Make sure the device is no longer in one of the deferred lists and * kick off retrying all pending devices */ driver_deferred_probe_del(dev); driver_deferred_probe_trigger(); if (dev->bus) blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier, BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER, dev); } static int driver_sysfs_add(struct device *dev) { int ret; if (dev->bus) blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier, BUS_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER, dev); ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj, &dev->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj)); if (ret == 0) { ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->kobj, &dev->driver->p->kobj, "driver"); if (ret) sysfs_remove_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj)); } return ret; } static void driver_sysfs_remove(struct device *dev) { struct device_driver *drv = dev->driver; if (drv) { sysfs_remove_link(&drv->p->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj)); sysfs_remove_link(&dev->kobj, "driver"); } } /** * device_bind_driver - bind a driver to one device. * @dev: device. * * Allow manual attachment of a driver to a device. * Caller must have already set @dev->driver. * * Note that this does not modify the bus reference count * nor take the bus's rwsem. Please verify those are accounted * for before calling this. (It is ok to call with no other effort * from a driver's probe() method.) * * This function must be called with the device lock held. */ int device_bind_driver(struct device *dev) { int ret; ret = driver_sysfs_add(dev); if (!ret) driver_bound(dev); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_bind_driver); static atomic_t probe_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0); static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(probe_waitqueue); static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv) { int ret = 0; int local_trigger_count = atomic_read(&deferred_trigger_count); atomic_inc(&probe_count); pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: probing driver %s with device %s\n", drv->bus->name, __func__, drv->name, dev_name(dev)); WARN_ON(!list_empty(&dev->devres_head)); dev->driver = drv; /* If using pinctrl, bind pins now before probing */ ret = pinctrl_bind_pins(dev); if (ret) goto probe_failed; if (driver_sysfs_add(dev)) { printk(KERN_ERR "%s: driver_sysfs_add(%s) failed\n", __func__, dev_name(dev)); goto probe_failed; } if (dev->bus->probe) { ret = dev->bus->probe(dev); if (ret) goto probe_failed; } else if (drv->probe) { ret = drv->probe(dev); if (ret) goto probe_failed; } driver_bound(dev); ret = 1; pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: bound device %s to driver %s\n", drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name); goto done; probe_failed: devres_release_all(dev); driver_sysfs_remove(dev); dev->driver = NULL; dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL); if (ret == -EPROBE_DEFER) { /* Driver requested deferred probing */ dev_info(dev, "Driver %s requests probe deferral\n", drv->name); driver_deferred_probe_add(dev); /* Did a trigger occur while probing? Need to re-trigger if yes */ if (local_trigger_count != atomic_read(&deferred_trigger_count)) driver_deferred_probe_trigger(); } else if (ret != -ENODEV && ret != -ENXIO) { /* driver matched but the probe failed */ printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: probe of %s failed with error %d\n", drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret); } else { pr_debug("%s: probe of %s rejects match %d\n", drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret); } /* * Ignore errors returned by ->probe so that the next driver can try * its luck. */ ret = 0; done: atomic_dec(&probe_count); wake_up(&probe_waitqueue); return ret; } /** * driver_probe_done * Determine if the probe sequence is finished or not. * * Should somehow figure out how to use a semaphore, not an atomic variable... */ int driver_probe_done(void) { pr_debug("%s: probe_count = %d\n", __func__, atomic_read(&probe_count)); if (atomic_read(&probe_count)) return -EBUSY; return 0; } /** * wait_for_device_probe * Wait for device probing to be completed. */ void wait_for_device_probe(void) { /* wait for the known devices to complete their probing */ wait_event(probe_waitqueue, atomic_read(&probe_count) == 0); async_synchronize_full(); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wait_for_device_probe); /** * driver_probe_device - attempt to bind device & driver together * @drv: driver to bind a device to * @dev: device to try to bind to the driver * * This function returns -ENODEV if the device is not registered, * 1 if the device is bound successfully and 0 otherwise. * * This function must be called with @dev lock held. When called for a * USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well. */ int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev) { int ret = 0; if (!device_is_registered(dev)) return -ENODEV; pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n", drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name); pm_runtime_barrier(dev); ret = really_probe(dev, drv); pm_request_idle(dev); return ret; } static int __device_attach(struct device_driver *drv, void *data) { struct device *dev = data; if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev)) return 0; return driver_probe_device(drv, dev); } /** * device_attach - try to attach device to a driver. * @dev: device. * * Walk the list of drivers that the bus has and call * driver_probe_device() for each pair. If a compatible * pair is found, break out and return. * * Returns 1 if the device was bound to a driver; * 0 if no matching driver was found; * -ENODEV if the device is not registered. * * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held. */ int device_attach(struct device *dev) { int ret = 0; device_lock(dev); if (dev->driver) { if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) { ret = 1; goto out_unlock; } ret = device_bind_driver(dev); if (ret == 0) ret = 1; else { dev->driver = NULL; ret = 0; } } else { ret = bus_for_each_drv(dev->bus, NULL, dev, __device_attach); pm_request_idle(dev); } out_unlock: device_unlock(dev); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_attach); static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data) { struct device_driver *drv = data; /* * Lock device and try to bind to it. We drop the error * here and always return 0, because we need to keep trying * to bind to devices and some drivers will return an error * simply if it didn't support the device. * * driver_probe_device() will spit a warning if there * is an error. */ if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev)) return 0; if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */ device_lock(dev->parent); device_lock(dev); if (!dev->driver) driver_probe_device(drv, dev); device_unlock(dev); if (dev->parent) device_unlock(dev->parent); return 0; } /** * driver_attach - try to bind driver to devices. * @drv: driver. * * Walk the list of devices that the bus has on it and try to * match the driver with each one. If driver_probe_device() * returns 0 and the @dev->driver is set, we've found a * compatible pair. */ int driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv) { return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(driver_attach); /* * __device_release_driver() must be called with @dev lock held. * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well. */ static void __device_release_driver(struct device *dev) { struct device_driver *drv; drv = dev->driver; if (drv) { pm_runtime_get_sync(dev); driver_sysfs_remove(dev); if (dev->bus) blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier, BUS_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER, dev); pm_runtime_put_sync(dev); if (dev->bus && dev->bus->remove) dev->bus->remove(dev); else if (drv->remove) drv->remove(dev); devres_release_all(dev); dev->driver = NULL; dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL); klist_remove(&dev->p->knode_driver); if (dev->bus) blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier, BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER, dev); } } /** * device_release_driver - manually detach device from driver. * @dev: device. * * Manually detach device from driver. * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held. */ void device_release_driver(struct device *dev) { /* * If anyone calls device_release_driver() recursively from * within their ->remove callback for the same device, they * will deadlock right here. */ device_lock(dev); __device_release_driver(dev); device_unlock(dev); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_release_driver); /** * driver_detach - detach driver from all devices it controls. * @drv: driver. */ void driver_detach(struct device_driver *drv) { struct device_private *dev_prv; struct device *dev; for (;;) { spin_lock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock); if (list_empty(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_list)) { spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock); break; } dev_prv = list_entry(drv->p->klist_devices.k_list.prev, struct device_private, knode_driver.n_node); dev = dev_prv->device; get_device(dev); spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock); if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */ device_lock(dev->parent); device_lock(dev); if (dev->driver == drv) __device_release_driver(dev); device_unlock(dev); if (dev->parent) device_unlock(dev->parent); put_device(dev); } }