Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Export the base definitions and the xattr representation of POSIX ACLs
to user space.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
When file permissions are modified via chmod(2) and the user is not in
the owning group or capable of CAP_FSETID, the setgid bit is cleared in
inode_change_ok(). Setting a POSIX ACL via setxattr(2) sets the file
permissions as well as the new ACL, but doesn't clear the setgid bit in
a similar way; this allows to bypass the check in chmod(2). Fix that.
References: CVE-2016-7097
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Pull userns vfs updates from Eric Biederman:
"This tree contains some very long awaited work on generalizing the
user namespace support for mounting filesystems to include filesystems
with a backing store. The real world target is fuse but the goal is
to update the vfs to allow any filesystem to be supported. This
patchset is based on a lot of code review and testing to approach that
goal.
While looking at what is needed to support the fuse filesystem it
became clear that there were things like xattrs for security modules
that needed special treatment. That the resolution of those concerns
would not be fuse specific. That sorting out these general issues
made most sense at the generic level, where the right people could be
drawn into the conversation, and the issues could be solved for
everyone.
At a high level what this patchset does a couple of simple things:
- Add a user namespace owner (s_user_ns) to struct super_block.
- Teach the vfs to handle filesystem uids and gids not mapping into
to kuids and kgids and being reported as INVALID_UID and
INVALID_GID in vfs data structures.
By assigning a user namespace owner filesystems that are mounted with
only user namespace privilege can be detected. This allows security
modules and the like to know which mounts may not be trusted. This
also allows the set of uids and gids that are communicated to the
filesystem to be capped at the set of kuids and kgids that are in the
owning user namespace of the filesystem.
One of the crazier corner casees this handles is the case of inodes
whose i_uid or i_gid are not mapped into the vfs. Most of the code
simply doesn't care but it is easy to confuse the inode writeback path
so no operation that could cause an inode write-back is permitted for
such inodes (aka only reads are allowed).
This set of changes starts out by cleaning up the code paths involved
in user namespace permirted mounts. Then when things are clean enough
adds code that cleanly sets s_user_ns. Then additional restrictions
are added that are possible now that the filesystem superblock
contains owner information.
These changes should not affect anyone in practice, but there are some
parts of these restrictions that are changes in behavior.
- Andy's restriction on suid executables that does not honor the
suid bit when the path is from another mount namespace (think
/proc/[pid]/fd/) or when the filesystem was mounted by a less
privileged user.
- The replacement of the user namespace implicit setting of MNT_NODEV
with implicitly setting SB_I_NODEV on the filesystem superblock
instead.
Using SB_I_NODEV is a stronger form that happens to make this state
user invisible. The user visibility can be managed but it caused
problems when it was introduced from applications reasonably
expecting mount flags to be what they were set to.
There is a little bit of work remaining before it is safe to support
mounting filesystems with backing store in user namespaces, beyond
what is in this set of changes.
- Verifying the mounter has permission to read/write the block device
during mount.
- Teaching the integrity modules IMA and EVM to handle filesystems
mounted with only user namespace root and to reduce trust in their
security xattrs accordingly.
- Capturing the mounters credentials and using that for permission
checks in d_automount and the like. (Given that overlayfs already
does this, and we need the work in d_automount it make sense to
generalize this case).
Furthermore there are a few changes that are on the wishlist:
- Get all filesystems supporting posix acls using the generic posix
acls so that posix_acl_fix_xattr_from_user and
posix_acl_fix_xattr_to_user may be removed. [Maintainability]
- Reducing the permission checks in places such as remount to allow
the superblock owner to perform them.
- Allowing the superblock owner to chown files with unmapped uids and
gids to something that is mapped so the files may be treated
normally.
I am not considering even obvious relaxations of permission checks
until it is clear there are no more corner cases that need to be
locked down and handled generically.
Many thanks to Seth Forshee who kept this code alive, and putting up
with me rewriting substantial portions of what he did to handle more
corner cases, and for his diligent testing and reviewing of my
changes"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (30 commits)
fs: Call d_automount with the filesystems creds
fs: Update i_[ug]id_(read|write) to translate relative to s_user_ns
evm: Translate user/group ids relative to s_user_ns when computing HMAC
dquot: For now explicitly don't support filesystems outside of init_user_ns
quota: Handle quota data stored in s_user_ns in quota_setxquota
quota: Ensure qids map to the filesystem
vfs: Don't create inodes with a uid or gid unknown to the vfs
vfs: Don't modify inodes with a uid or gid unknown to the vfs
cred: Reject inodes with invalid ids in set_create_file_as()
fs: Check for invalid i_uid in may_follow_link()
vfs: Verify acls are valid within superblock's s_user_ns.
userns: Handle -1 in k[ug]id_has_mapping when !CONFIG_USER_NS
fs: Refuse uid/gid changes which don't map into s_user_ns
selinux: Add support for unprivileged mounts from user namespaces
Smack: Handle labels consistently in untrusted mounts
Smack: Add support for unprivileged mounts from user namespaces
fs: Treat foreign mounts as nosuid
fs: Limit file caps to the user namespace of the super block
userns: Remove the now unnecessary FS_USERNS_DEV_MOUNT flag
userns: Remove implicit MNT_NODEV fragility.
...
Currently the two are unioned together, but I don't think that's safe.
It looks like get_cached_acl could race with the last put in
posix_acl_release. get_cached_acl calls atomic_inc_not_zero on
a_refcount, but that field could have already been clobbered by
call_rcu, and may no longer be zero. Fix this by de-unioning the two
fields.
Fixes: b8a7a3a667 (posix_acl: Inode acl caching fixes)
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Update posix_acl_valid to verify that an acl is within a user namespace.
Update the callers of posix_acl_valid to pass in an appropriate
user namespace. For posix_acl_xattr_set and v9fs_xattr_set_acl pass in
inode->i_sb->s_user_ns to posix_acl_valid. For md_unpack_acl pass in
&init_user_ns as no inode or superblock is in sight.
Acked-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
acl_by_type(inode, type) returns a pointer to either inode->i_acl or
inode->i_default_acl depending on type. This is useful in
fs/posix_acl.c, but should never have been visible outside that file.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted stuff; the biggest pile here is Christoph's ACL series. Plus
assorted cleanups and fixes all over the place...
There will be another pile later this week"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (43 commits)
__dentry_path() fixes
vfs: Remove second variable named error in __dentry_path
vfs: Is mounted should be testing mnt_ns for NULL or error.
Fix race when checking i_size on direct i/o read
hfsplus: remove can_set_xattr
nfsd: use get_acl and ->set_acl
fs: remove generic_acl
nfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure for v3 Posix ACLs
gfs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
jfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
xfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
reiserfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
ocfs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
jffs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
hfsplus: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
f2fs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
ext2/3/4: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
btrfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
fs: make posix_acl_create more useful
fs: make posix_acl_chmod more useful
...
And instead convert tmpfs to use the new generic ACL code, with two stub
methods provided for in-memory filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This causes a small behaviour change in that we don't bother to set
ACLs on file creation if the mode bit can express the access permissions
fully, and thus behaving identical to local filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Rename the current posix_acl_created to __posix_acl_create and add
a fully featured helper to set up the ACLs on file creation that
uses get_acl().
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Rename the current posix_acl_chmod to __posix_acl_chmod and add
a fully featured ACL chmod helper that uses the ->set_acl inode
operation.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Factor out the code to get an ACL either from the inode or disk from
check_acl, so that it can be used elsewhere later on.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull user namespaces work from Eric Biederman:
"The work to convert the kernel to use kuid_t and kgid_t has been
finished since 3.12 so it is time to remove the scaffolding that
allowed the work to progress incrementally.
The first patch on this branch just removes the scaffolding, ensuring
we will always get compile errors if people accidentally try the
userspace and the kernel uid and gid types. The second patch an
overlooked and unused chunk of mips code that that fails to build
after the first patch.
The code hasn't been in linux-next for long (as I was out of it and
could not sheppared the cold properly) but the patch has been around
for a long time just waiting for the day when I had finished the
uid/gid conversions. Putting the code in linux-next did find the
compile failure on mips so I took the time to get that fix reviewed
and included. Beyond that I am not too worried about errors because
all these two patches do is delete a modest amount of code"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace:
MIPS: VPE: Remove vpe_getuid and vpe_getgid
userns: userns: Remove UIDGID_STRICT_TYPE_CHECKS
Uninline vast tracts of nested inline functions in
include/linux/posix_acl.h.
This reduces the text+data+bss size of x86_64 allyesconfig vmlinux by
8026 bytes.
The patch also regularises the positioning of the EXPORT_SYMBOLs in
posix_acl.c.
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Tested-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@primarydata.com>
Cc: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Removing UIDGID_STRICT_TYPE_CHECKS simplifies the code and always
generates a compile error if the uids and kuids or gids and kgids are
mixed by accident. Now that the appropriate conversions have been
placed throughout the kernel there is no longer a need for a mode where
we don't detect them as compile errors.
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
- In setxattr if we are setting a posix acl convert uids and gids from
the current user namespace into the initial user namespace, before
the xattrs are passed to the underlying filesystem.
Untranslatable uids and gids are represented as -1 which
posix_acl_from_xattr will represent as INVALID_UID or INVALID_GID.
posix_acl_valid will fail if an acl from userspace has any
INVALID_UID or INVALID_GID values. In net this guarantees that
untranslatable posix acls will not be stored by filesystems.
- In getxattr if we are reading a posix acl convert uids and gids from
the initial user namespace into the current user namespace.
Uids and gids that can not be tranlsated into the current user namespace
will be represented as -1.
- Replace e_id in struct posix_acl_entry with an anymouns union of
e_uid and e_gid. For the short term retain the e_id field
until all of the users are converted.
- Don't set struct posix_acl.e_id in the cases where the acl type
does not use e_id. Greatly reducing the use of ACL_UNDEFINED_ID.
- Rework the ordering checks in posix_acl_valid so that I use kuid_t
and kgid_t types throughout the code, and so that I don't need
arithmetic on uid and gid types.
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
If a header file is making use of BUG, BUG_ON, BUILD_BUG_ON, or any
other BUG variant in a static inline (i.e. not in a #define) then
that header really should be including <linux/bug.h> and not just
expecting it to be implicitly present.
We can make this change risk-free, since if the files using these
headers didn't have exposure to linux/bug.h already, they would have
been causing compile failures/warnings.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
the only potentially subtle thing here: get_cached_acl()
is never called with the second argument other than
ACL_TYPE_{ACCESS,DEFAULT}. IOW, that return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL)
in there might as well be BUG().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
made static; no callers left outside of posix_acl.c. posix_acl_clone() also
has lost all external callers and became static...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
new helper: posix_acl_create(&acl, gfp, mode_p). Replaces acl with
modified clone, on failure releases acl and replaces with NULL.
Returns 0 or -ve on error. All callers of posix_acl_create_masq()
switched.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
new helper: posix_acl_chmod(&acl, gfp, mode). Replaces acl with modified
clone or with NULL if that has failed; returns 0 or -ve on error. All
callers of posix_acl_chmod_masq() switched to that - they'd been doing
exactly the same thing.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
nfsacl_encode() allocates memory in certain cases. This of course
is not guaranteed to work.
Since commit 9f06c719 "SUNRPC: New xdr_streams XDR encoder API", the
kernel's XDR encoders can't return a result indicating possibly a
failure, so a memory allocation failure in nfsacl_encode() has become
fatal (ie, the XDR code Oopses) in some cases.
However, the allocated memory is a tiny fixed amount, on the order
of 40-50 bytes. We can easily use a stack-allocated buffer for
this, with only a wee bit of nose-holding.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
This simple implementation just checks for no ACLs on the inode, and
if so, then the rcu-walk may proceed, otherwise fail it.
This could easily be extended to put acls under RCU and check them
under seqlock, if need be. But this implementation is enough to show
the rcu-walk aware permissions code for path lookups is working, and
will handle cases where there are no ACLs or ACLs in just the final
element.
This patch implicity converts tmpfs to rcu-aware permission check.
Subsequent patches onvert ext*, xfs, and, btrfs. Each of these uses
acl/permission code in a different way, so convert them all to provide
templates and proof of concept.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
This is required for cluster filesystems which want to use
cached ACLs so that they can invalidate the cache when
required.
Signed-off-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <aviro@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
helpers: get_cached_acl(inode, type), set_cached_acl(inode, type, acl),
forget_cached_acl(inode, type).
ubifs/xattr.c needed includes reordered, the rest is a plain switchover.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
- added typedef unsigned int __nocast gfp_t;
- replaced __nocast uses for gfp flags with gfp_t - it gives exactly
the same warnings as far as sparse is concerned, doesn't change
generated code (from gcc point of view we replaced unsigned int with
typedef) and documents what's going on far better.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
