A common pattern when using xdp_redirect_map() is to create a device map
where the lookup key is simply ifindex. Because device maps are arrays,
this leaves holes in the map, and the map has to be sized to fit the
largest ifindex, regardless of how many devices actually are actually
needed in the map.
This patch adds a second type of device map where the key is looked up
using a hashmap, instead of being used as an array index. This allows maps
to be densely packed, so they can be smaller.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
The bpf_redirect_map() helper used by XDP programs doesn't return any
indication of whether it can successfully redirect to the map index it was
given. Instead, BPF programs have to track this themselves, leading to
programs using duplicate maps to track which entries are populated in the
devmap.
This patch fixes this by moving the map lookup into the bpf_redirect_map()
helper, which makes it possible to return failure to the eBPF program. The
lower bits of the flags argument is used as the return code, which means
that existing users who pass a '0' flag argument will get XDP_ABORTED.
With this, a BPF program can check the return code from the helper call and
react by, for instance, substituting a different redirect. This works for
any type of map used for redirect.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jonathan Lemon <jonathan.lemon@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
This is introduced for admins to check what is happening on XDP_TX when
bulk XDP_TX is in use, which will be first introduced in veth in next
commit.
v3:
- Add act field to be in line with other XDP tracepoints.
Signed-off-by: Toshiaki Makita <toshiaki.makita1@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
These tracepoints make it easier to troubleshoot XDP mem id disconnect.
The xdp:mem_disconnect tracepoint cannot be replaced via kprobe. It is
placed at the last stable place for the pointer to struct xdp_mem_allocator,
just before it's scheduled for RCU removal. It also extract info on
'safe_to_remove' and 'force'.
Detailed info about in-flight pages is not available at this layer. The next
patch will added tracepoints needed at the page_pool layer for this.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commits 109980b894 ("bpf: don't select potentially stale ri->map
from buggy xdp progs") and 7c30013133 ("bpf: fix ri->map_owner
pointer on bpf_prog_realloc") tried to mitigate that buggy programs
using bpf_redirect_map() helper call do not leave stale maps behind.
Idea was to add a map_owner cookie into the per CPU struct redirect_info
which was set to prog->aux by the prog making the helper call as a
proof that the map is not stale since the prog is implicitly holding
a reference to it. This owner cookie could later on get compared with
the program calling into BPF whether they match and therefore the
redirect could proceed with processing the map safely.
In (obvious) hindsight, this approach breaks down when tail calls are
involved since the original caller's prog->aux pointer does not have
to match the one from one of the progs out of the tail call chain,
and therefore the xdp buffer will be dropped instead of redirected.
A way around that would be to fix the issue differently (which also
allows to remove related work in fast path at the same time): once
the life-time of a redirect map has come to its end we use it's map
free callback where we need to wait on synchronize_rcu() for current
outstanding xdp buffers and remove such a map pointer from the
redirect info if found to be present. At that time no program is
using this map anymore so we simply invalidate the map pointers to
NULL iff they previously pointed to that instance while making sure
that the redirect path only reads out the map once.
Fixes: 97f91a7cf0 ("bpf: add bpf_redirect_map helper routine")
Fixes: 109980b894 ("bpf: don't select potentially stale ri->map from buggy xdp progs")
Reported-by: Sebastiano Miano <sebastiano.miano@polito.it>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Extending tracepoint xdp:xdp_devmap_xmit in devmap with an err code
allow people to easier identify the reason behind the ndo_xdp_xmit
call to a given driver is failing.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Notice how this allow us get XDP statistic without affecting the XDP
performance, as tracepoint is no-longer activated on a per packet basis.
V5: Spotted by John Fastabend.
Fix 'sent' also counted 'drops' in this patch, a later patch corrected
this, but it was a mistake in this intermediate step.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Functionality is the same, but the ndo_xdp_xmit call is now
simply invoked from inside the devmap.c code.
V2: Fix compile issue reported by kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
V5: Cleanups requested by Daniel
- Newlines before func definition
- Use BUILD_BUG_ON checks
- Remove unnecessary use return value store in dev_map_enqueue
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
We meet this compile warning, which caused by missing bpf.h in xdp.h.
In file included from ./include/trace/events/xdp.h:10:0,
from ./include/linux/bpf_trace.h:6,
from drivers/net/ethernet/intel/i40e/i40e_txrx.c:29:
./include/trace/events/xdp.h:93:17: warning: ‘struct bpf_map’ declared inside parameter list will not be visible outside of this definition or declaration
const struct bpf_map *map, u32 map_index),
^
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:187:34: note: in definition of macro ‘__DECLARE_TRACE’
static inline void trace_##name(proto) \
^~~~~
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:352:24: note: in expansion of macro ‘PARAMS’
__DECLARE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args), \
^~~~~~
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:477:2: note: in expansion of macro ‘DECLARE_TRACE’
DECLARE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
^~~~~~~~~~~~~
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:477:22: note: in expansion of macro ‘PARAMS’
DECLARE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
^~~~~~
./include/trace/events/xdp.h:89:1: note: in expansion of macro ‘DEFINE_EVENT’
DEFINE_EVENT(xdp_redirect_template, xdp_redirect,
^~~~~~~~~~~~
./include/trace/events/xdp.h:90:2: note: in expansion of macro ‘TP_PROTO’
TP_PROTO(const struct net_device *dev,
^~~~~~~~
./include/trace/events/xdp.h:93:17: warning: ‘struct bpf_map’ declared inside parameter list will not be visible outside of this definition or declaration
const struct bpf_map *map, u32 map_index),
^
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:203:38: note: in definition of macro ‘__DECLARE_TRACE’
register_trace_##name(void (*probe)(data_proto), void *data) \
^~~~~~~~~~
./include/linux/tracepoint.h:354:4: note: in expansion of macro ‘PARAMS’
PARAMS(void *__data, proto), \
^~~~~~
Reported-by: Huang Daode <huangdaode@hisilicon.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Fixes: 8d3b778ff5 ("xdp: tracepoint xdp_redirect also need a map argument")
Signed-off-by: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Files removed in 'net-next' had their license header updated
in 'net'. We take the remove from 'net-next'.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This adds two tracepoint to the cpumap. One for the enqueue side
trace_xdp_cpumap_enqueue() and one for the kthread dequeue side
trace_xdp_cpumap_kthread().
To mitigate the tracepoint overhead, these are invoked during the
enqueue/dequeue bulking phases, thus amortizing the cost.
The obvious use-cases are for debugging and monitoring. The
non-intuitive use-case is using these as a feedback loop to know the
system load. One can imagine auto-scaling by reducing, adding or
activating more worker CPUs on demand.
V4: tracepoint remove time_limit info, instead add sched info
V8: intro struct bpf_cpu_map_entry members cpu+map_id in this patch
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch connects cpumap to the xdp_do_redirect_map infrastructure.
Still no SKB allocation are done yet. The XDP frames are transferred
to the other CPU, but they are simply refcnt decremented on the remote
CPU. This served as a good benchmark for measuring the overhead of
remote refcnt decrement. If driver page recycle cache is not
efficient then this, exposes a bottleneck in the page allocator.
A shout-out to MST's ptr_ring, which is the secret behind is being so
efficient to transfer memory pointers between CPUs, without constantly
bouncing cache-lines between CPUs.
V3: Handle !CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL pointed out by kbuild test robot.
V4: Make Generic-XDP aware of cpumap type, but don't allow redirect yet,
as implementation require a separate upstream discussion.
V5:
- Fix a maybe-uninitialized pointed out by kbuild test robot.
- Restrict bpf-prog side access to cpumap, open when use-cases appear
- Implement cpu_map_enqueue() as a more simple void pointer enqueue
V6:
- Allow cpumap type for usage in helper bpf_redirect_map,
general bpf-prog side restriction moved to earlier patch.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Using bpf_redirect_map is allowed for generic XDP programs, but the
appropriate map lookup was never performed in xdp_do_generic_redirect().
Instead the map-index is directly used as the ifindex. For the
xdp_redirect_map sample in SKB-mode '-S', this resulted in trying
sending on ifindex 0 which isn't valid, resulting in getting SKB
packets dropped. Thus, the reported performance numbers are wrong in
commit 24251c2647 ("samples/bpf: add option for native and skb mode
for redirect apps") for the 'xdp_redirect_map -S' case.
Before commit 109980b894 ("bpf: don't select potentially stale
ri->map from buggy xdp progs") it could crash the kernel. Like this
commit also check that the map_owner owner is correct before
dereferencing the map pointer. But make sure that this API misusage
can be caught by a tracepoint. Thus, allowing userspace via
tracepoints to detect misbehaving bpf_progs.
Fixes: 6103aa96ec ("net: implement XDP_REDIRECT for xdp generic")
Fixes: 24251c2647 ("samples/bpf: add option for native and skb mode for redirect apps")
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Creating as specific xdp_redirect_map variant of the xdp tracepoints
allow users to write simpler/faster BPF progs that get attached to
these tracepoints.
Goal is to still keep the tracepoints in xdp_redirect and xdp_redirect_map
similar enough, that a tool can read the top part of the TP_STRUCT and
produce similar monitor statistics.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There is a need to separate the xdp_redirect tracepoint into two
tracepoints, for separating the error case from the normal forward
case.
Due to the extreme speeds XDP is operating at, loading a tracepoint
have a measurable impact. Single core XDP REDIRECT (ethtool tuned
rx-usecs 25) can do 13.7 Mpps forwarding, but loading a simple
bpf_prog at the tracepoint (with a return 0) reduce perf to 10.2 Mpps
(CPU E5-1650 v4 @ 3.60GHz, driver: ixgbe)
The overhead of loading a bpf-based tracepoint can be calculated to
cost 25 nanosec ((1/13782002-1/10267937)*10^9 = -24.83 ns).
Using perf record on the tracepoint event, with a non-matching --filter
expression, the overhead is much larger. Performance drops to 8.3 Mpps,
cost 48 nanosec ((1/13782002-1/8312497)*10^9 = -47.74))
Having a separate tracepoint for err cases, which should be less
frequent, allow running a continuous monitor for errors while not
affecting the redirect forward performance (this have also been
verified by measurements).
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Given previous patch expose the map_id, it seems natural to also
report the bpf prog id.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
To make sense of the map index, the tracepoint user also need to know
that map we are talking about. Supply the map pointer but only expose
the map->id.
The 'to_index' is renamed 'to_ifindex'. In the xdp_redirect_map case,
this is the result of the devmap lookup. The map lookup key is exposed
as map_index, which is needed to troubleshoot in case the lookup failed.
The 'to_ifindex' is placed after 'err' to keep TP_STRUCT as common as
possible.
This also keeps the TP_STRUCT similar enough, that userspace can write
a monitor program, that doesn't need to care about whether
bpf_redirect or bpf_redirect_map were used.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Supplying the action argument XDP_REDIRECT to the tracepoint xdp_redirect
is redundant as it is only called in-case this action was specified.
Remove the argument, but keep "act" member of the tracepoint struct and
populate it with XDP_REDIRECT. This makes it easier to write a common bpf_prog
processing events.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Remove the net_device string name from the xdp_exception tracepoint,
like the xdp_redirect tracepoint.
Align the TP_STRUCT to have common entries between these two
tracepoint.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There is too much overhead in the current trace_xdp_redirect
tracepoint as it does strcpy and strlen on the net_device names.
Besides, exposing the ifindex/index is actually the information that
is needed in the tracepoint to diagnose issues. When a lookup fails
(either ifindex or devmap index) then there is a need for saying which
to_index that have issues.
V2: Adjust args to be aligned with trace_xdp_exception.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The return error code need to be included in the tracepoint
xdp:xdp_redirect, else its not possible to distinguish successful or
failed XDP_REDIRECT transmits.
XDP have no queuing mechanism. Thus, it is fairly easily to overrun a
NIC transmit queue. The eBPF program invoking helpers (bpf_redirect
or bpf_redirect_map) to redirect a packet doesn't get any feedback
whether the packet was actually transmitted.
Info on failed transmits in the tracepoint xdp:xdp_redirect, is
interesting as this opens for providing a feedback-loop to the
receiving XDP program.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This adds a trace event for xdp redirect which may help when debugging
XDP programs that use redirect bpf commands.
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This work adds a number of tracepoints to paths that are either
considered slow-path or exception-like states, where monitoring or
inspecting them would be desirable.
For bpf(2) syscall, tracepoints have been placed for main commands
when they succeed. In XDP case, tracepoint is for exceptions, that
is, f.e. on abnormal BPF program exit such as unknown or XDP_ABORTED
return code, or when error occurs during XDP_TX action and the packet
could not be forwarded.
Both have been split into separate event headers, and can be further
extended. Worst case, if they unexpectedly should get into our way in
future, they can also removed [1]. Of course, these tracepoints (like
any other) can be analyzed by eBPF itself, etc. Example output:
# ./perf record -a -e bpf:* sleep 10
# ./perf script
sock_example 6197 [005] 283.980322: bpf:bpf_map_create: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=4 val=8 max=256 flags=0
sock_example 6197 [005] 283.980721: bpf:bpf_prog_load: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER ufd=5
sock_example 6197 [005] 283.988423: bpf:bpf_prog_get_type: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER
sock_example 6197 [005] 283.988443: bpf:bpf_map_lookup_elem: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=[06 00 00 00] val=[00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00]
[...]
sock_example 6197 [005] 288.990868: bpf:bpf_map_lookup_elem: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=[01 00 00 00] val=[14 00 00 00 00 00 00 00]
swapper 0 [005] 289.338243: bpf:bpf_prog_put_rcu: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER
[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/705270/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
