* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (47 commits)
tg3: Fix single-vector MSI-X code
openvswitch: Fix multipart datapath dumps.
ipv6: fix per device IP snmp counters
inetpeer: initialize ->redirect_genid in inet_getpeer()
net: fix NULL-deref in WARN() in skb_gso_segment()
net: WARN if skb_checksum_help() is called on skb requiring segmentation
caif: Remove bad WARN_ON in caif_dev
caif: Fix typo in Vendor/Product-ID for CAIF modems
bnx2x: Disable AN KR work-around for BCM57810
bnx2x: Remove AutoGrEEEn for BCM84833
bnx2x: Remove 100Mb force speed for BCM84833
bnx2x: Fix PFC setting on BCM57840
bnx2x: Fix Super-Isolate mode for BCM84833
net: fix some sparse errors
net: kill duplicate included header
net: sh-eth: Fix build error by the value which is not defined
net: Use device model to get driver name in skb_gso_segment()
bridge: BH already disabled in br_fdb_cleanup()
net: move sock_update_memcg outside of CONFIG_INET
mwl8k: Fixing Sparse ENDIAN CHECK warning
...
ACPI 5.0 provides extensions to the EINJ mechanism to specify the
target for the error injection - by APICID for cpu related errors,
by address for memory related errors, and by segment/bus/device/function
for PCIe related errors. Also extensions for vendor specific error
injections.
Tested-by: Chen Gong <gong.chen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Function split up, should have no functional change.
Provides entry point for physically hotplugged CPUs
to initialize and activate cpuidle.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
CC: Deepthi Dharwar <deepthi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
For CIFS, we want to be able to store NTLM credentials (aka username
and password) in the keyring. We do not, however want to allow users
to fetch those keys back out of the keyring since that would be a
security risk.
Unfortunately, due to the nuances of key permission bits, it's not
possible to do this. We need to grant search permissions so the kernel
can find these keys, but that also implies permissions to read the
payload.
Resolve this by adding a new key_type. This key type is essentially
the same as key_type_user, but does not define a .read op. This
prevents the payload from ever being visible from userspace. This
key type also vets the description to ensure that it's "qualified"
by checking to ensure that it has a ':' in it that is preceded by
other characters.
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit: (29 commits)
audit: no leading space in audit_log_d_path prefix
audit: treat s_id as an untrusted string
audit: fix signedness bug in audit_log_execve_info()
audit: comparison on interprocess fields
audit: implement all object interfield comparisons
audit: allow interfield comparison between gid and ogid
audit: complex interfield comparison helper
audit: allow interfield comparison in audit rules
Kernel: Audit Support For The ARM Platform
audit: do not call audit_getname on error
audit: only allow tasks to set their loginuid if it is -1
audit: remove task argument to audit_set_loginuid
audit: allow audit matching on inode gid
audit: allow matching on obj_uid
audit: remove audit_finish_fork as it can't be called
audit: reject entry,always rules
audit: inline audit_free to simplify the look of generic code
audit: drop audit_set_macxattr as it doesn't do anything
audit: inline checks for not needing to collect aux records
audit: drop some potentially inadvisable likely notations
...
Use evil merge to fix up grammar mistakes in Kconfig file.
Bad speling and horrible grammar (and copious swearing) is to be
expected, but let's keep it to commit messages and comments, rather than
expose it to users in config help texts or printouts.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs: (62 commits)
Btrfs: use larger system chunks
Btrfs: add a delalloc mutex to inodes for delalloc reservations
Btrfs: space leak tracepoints
Btrfs: protect orphan block rsv with spin_lock
Btrfs: add allocator tracepoints
Btrfs: don't call btrfs_throttle in file write
Btrfs: release space on error in page_mkwrite
Btrfs: fix btrfsck error 400 when truncating a compressed
Btrfs: do not use btrfs_end_transaction_throttle everywhere
Btrfs: add balance progress reporting
Btrfs: allow for resuming restriper after it was paused
Btrfs: allow for canceling restriper
Btrfs: allow for pausing restriper
Btrfs: add skip_balance mount option
Btrfs: recover balance on mount
Btrfs: save balance parameters to disk
Btrfs: soft profile changing mode (aka soft convert)
Btrfs: implement online profile changing
Btrfs: do not reduce profile in do_chunk_alloc()
Btrfs: virtual address space subset filter
...
Fix up trivial conflict in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c due to the use of the new
mnt_drop_write_file() helper.
It was reported that DIGSIG is confusing name for digital signature
module. It was suggested to rename DIGSIG to SIGNATURE.
Requested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Suggested-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Define rcu_assign_keypointer(), which uses the key payload.rcudata instead
of payload.data, to resolve the CONFIG_SPARSE_RCU_POINTER message:
"incompatible types in comparison expression (different address spaces)"
Replace the rcu_assign_pointer() calls in encrypted/trusted keys with
rcu_assign_keypointer().
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
This set of build failures just started appearing on parisc:
In file included from drivers/input/serio/serio_raw.c:12:
include/linux/kref.h: In function 'kref_get':
include/linux/kref.h:40: error: 'TAINT_WARN' undeclared (first use in this function)
include/linux/kref.h:40: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
include/linux/kref.h:40: error: for each function it appears in.)
include/linux/kref.h: In function 'kref_sub':
include/linux/kref.h:65: error: 'TAINT_WARN' undeclared (first use in this function)
It happens because TAINT_WARN is defined in kernel.h and this particular
compile doesn't seem to include it (no idea why it's just manifesting ..
probably some #include file untangling exposed it).
Fix by adding
#include <linux/kernel.h>
to linux/kref.h
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows audit to specify rules in which we compare two fields of a
process. Such as is the running process uid != to the running process
euid?
Signed-off-by: Peter Moody <pmoody@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
This completes the matrix of interfield comparisons between uid/gid
information for the current task and the uid/gid information for inodes.
aka I can audit based on differences between the euid of the process and
the uid of fs objects.
Signed-off-by: Peter Moody <pmoody@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
We wish to be able to audit when a uid=500 task accesses a file which is
uid=0. Or vice versa. This patch introduces a new audit filter type
AUDIT_FIELD_COMPARE which takes as an 'enum' which indicates which fields
should be compared. At this point we only define the task->uid vs
inode->uid, but other comparisons can be added.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
The function always deals with current. Don't expose an option
pretending one can use it for something. You can't.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Much like the ability to filter audit on the uid of an inode collected, we
should be able to filter on the gid of the inode.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Allow syscall exit filter matching based on the uid of the owner of an
inode used in a syscall. aka:
auditctl -a always,exit -S open -F obj_uid=0 -F perm=wa
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Audit entry,always rules are not allowed and are automatically changed in
exit,always rules in userspace. The kernel refuses to load such rules.
Thus a task in the middle of a syscall (and thus in audit_finish_fork())
can only be in one of two states: AUDIT_BUILD_CONTEXT or AUDIT_DISABLED.
Since the current task cannot be in AUDIT_RECORD_CONTEXT we aren't every
going to actually use the code in audit_finish_fork() since it will
return without doing anything. Thus drop the code.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
A number of audit hooks make function calls before they determine that
auxilary records do not need to be collected. Do those checks as static
inlines since the most common case is going to be that records are not
needed and we can skip the function call overhead.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Every arch calls:
if (unlikely(current->audit_context))
audit_syscall_entry()
which requires knowledge about audit (the existance of audit_context) in
the arch code. Just do it all in static inline in audit.h so that arch's
can remain blissfully ignorant.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
The audit system previously expected arches calling to audit_syscall_exit to
supply as arguments if the syscall was a success and what the return code was.
Audit also provides a helper AUDITSC_RESULT which was supposed to simplify things
by converting from negative retcodes to an audit internal magic value stating
success or failure. This helper was wrong and could indicate that a valid
pointer returned to userspace was a failed syscall. The fix is to fix the
layering foolishness. We now pass audit_syscall_exit a struct pt_reg and it
in turns calls back into arch code to collect the return value and to
determine if the syscall was a success or failure. We also define a generic
is_syscall_success() macro which determines success/failure based on if the
value is < -MAX_ERRNO. This works for arches like x86 which do not use a
separate mechanism to indicate syscall failure.
We make both the is_syscall_success() and regs_return_value() static inlines
instead of macros. The reason is because the audit function must take a void*
for the regs. (uml calls theirs struct uml_pt_regs instead of just struct
pt_regs so audit_syscall_exit can't take a struct pt_regs). Since the audit
function takes a void* we need to use static inlines to cast it back to the
arch correct structure to dereference it.
The other major change is that on some arches, like ia64, MIPS and ppc, we
change regs_return_value() to give us the negative value on syscall failure.
THE only other user of this macro, kretprobe_example.c, won't notice and it
makes the value signed consistently for the audit functions across all archs.
In arch/sh/kernel/ptrace_64.c I see that we were using regs[9] in the old
audit code as the return value. But the ptrace_64.h code defined the macro
regs_return_value() as regs[3]. I have no idea which one is correct, but this
patch now uses the regs_return_value() function, so it now uses regs[3].
For powerpc we previously used regs->result but now use the
regs_return_value() function which uses regs->gprs[3]. regs->gprs[3] is
always positive so the regs_return_value(), much like ia64 makes it negative
before calling the audit code when appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> [for x86 portion]
Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> [for ia64]
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> [for uml]
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> [for sparc]
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> [for mips]
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> [for ppc]
The audit system likes to collect information about processes that end
abnormally (SIGSEGV) as this may me useful intrusion detection information.
This patch adds audit support to collect information when seccomp forces a
task to exit because of misbehavior in a similar way.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
This field is unused since 2.6.28 (commit fe6e29fdb1: "tty: simplify
ktermios allocation", to be exact)
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
make C=2 CF="-D__CHECK_ENDIAN__" M=net
And fix flowi4_init_output() prototype for sport
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now the low-level driver actually gets informed that it is getting suspended and resumed.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Export remapping and unmapping interfaces - acpi_os_map_generic_address()
and acpi_os_unmap_generic_address() - for ACPI generic registers that are
backed by memory mapped I/O (MMIO).
The acpi_os_map_generic_address() and acpi_os_unmap_generic_address()
declarations may more properly belong in include/acpi/acpiosxf.h next to
acpi_os_read_memory() but I believe that would require the ACPI CA making
them an official part of the ACPI CA - OS interface.
ACPI Generic Address Structure (GAS) reference (ACPI's fixed/generic
hardware registers use the GAS format):
ACPI Specification, Revision 4.0, Section 5.2.3.1, "Generic Address
Structure"
Signed-off-by: Myron Stowe <myron.stowe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
In SRAT v1, we had 8bit proximity domain (PXM) fields; SRAT v2 provides
32bits for these. The new fields were reserved before.
According to the ACPI spec, the OS must disregrard reserved fields.
In order to know whether or not, we must know what version the SRAT
table has.
This patch stores the SRAT table revision for later consumption
by arch specific __init functions.
Signed-off-by: Kurt Garloff <kurt@garloff.de>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Some firmware will access memory in ACPI NVS region via APEI. That
is, instructions in APEI ERST/EINJ table will read/write ACPI NVS
region. The original resource conflict checking in APEI code will
check memory/ioport accessed by APEI via general resource management
mechanism. But ACPI NVS region is marked as busy already, so that the
false resource conflict will prevent APEI ERST/EINJ to work.
To fix this, this patch record ACPI NVS regions, so that we can avoid
request resources for memory region inside it.
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Version 20120111.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Allows drivers to determine if any memory or I/O addresses
will conflict with addresses used by ACPI operation regions.
Introduces a new interface, acpi_check_address_range.
http://marc.info/?t=132251388700002&r=1&w=2
Reported-and-tested-by: Luca Tettamanti <kronos.it@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This version contains full support for the ACPI 5.0 specification.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
_AEI contains a resource template, this change adds support for
the walk resources function.
Signed-off-by: Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This interface converts an AML buffer to an internal ACPI_RESOURCE.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Executes _AEI and formats the result, similar to acpi_get_current_resources, etc.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
FixedDMA, GPIO descriptors, SerialBus descriptors
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Support within the interpreter and operation region dispatch.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Adds acpi_acquire_mutex, acpi_release_mutex external interfaces.
New file, utxfmutex.c.
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Adds new file, actbl3.h
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
If HW-reduced flag is set in the FADT, do not attempt to access
or initialize any ACPI hardware, including SCI and global lock.
No FACS will be present.
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This in addition to a script in my btrfs-tracing tree will help track down space
leaks when we're getting space left over in block groups on umount. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
I used these tracepoints when figuring out what the cluster stuff was doing, so
add them to mainline in case we need to profile this stuff again. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
This patch fixes a build warning in -next due to a const pointer being
passed to is_idle_task(). Because is_idle_task() does not modify anything,
this commit adds the "const" to is_idle_task()'s argument declaration.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Merge reason: Add these commits so that fixes on this branch do not
conflict with already-mainlined code.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Update xc4000 tuner definition, number 81 is already in use by
TUNER_PARTSNIC_PTI_5NF05.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Miroslav Slugen <thunder.mmm@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
This patch partially reverts:
3d058d7 netfilter: rework user-space expectation helper support
that was applied during the 3.2 development cycle.
After this patch, the tree remains just like before patch bc01bef,
that initially added the preliminary infrastructure.
I decided to partially revert this patch because the approach
that I proposed to resolve this problem is broken in NAT setups.
Moreover, a new infrastructure will be submitted for the 3.3.x
development cycle that resolve the existing issues while
providing a neat solution.
Since nobody has been seriously using this infrastructure in
user-space, the removal of this feature should affect any know
FOSS project (to my knowledge).
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Avoid that sparse complains about missing declarations for local
functions by declaring these static or by adding an #include directive.
Add the __percpu annotation where it is missing.
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Reviewed-by: Yi Zou <yi.zou@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Robert Love <robert.w.love@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
* 'v4l_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (655 commits)
[media] revert patch: HDIC HD29L2 DMB-TH USB2.0 reference design driver
mb86a20s: Add a few more register settings at the init seq
mb86a20s: Group registers into the same line
[media] [PATCH] don't reset the delivery system on DTV_CLEAR
[media] [BUG] it913x-fe fix typo error making SNR levels unstable
[media] cx23885: Query the CX25840 during enum_input for status
[media] cx25840: Add support for g_input_status
[media] rc-videomate-m1f.c Rename to match remote controler name
[media] drivers: media: au0828: Fix dependency for VIDEO_AU0828
[media] convert drivers/media/* to use module_platform_driver()
[media] drivers: video: cx231xx: Fix dependency for VIDEO_CX231XX_DVB
[media] Exynos4 JPEG codec v4l2 driver
[media] doc: v4l: selection: choose pixels as units for selection rectangles
[media] v4l: s5p-tv: mixer: fix setup of VP scaling
[media] v4l: s5p-tv: mixer: add support for selection API
[media] v4l: emulate old crop API using extended crop/compose API
[media] doc: v4l: add documentation for selection API
[media] doc: v4l: add binary images for selection API
[media] v4l: add support for selection api
[media] hd29l2: fix review findings
...
* 'for-3.3/drivers' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
mtip32xx: do rebuild monitoring asynchronously
xen-blkfront: Use kcalloc instead of kzalloc to allocate array
mtip32xx: uninitialized variable in mtip_quiesce_io()
mtip32xx: updates based on feedback
xen-blkback: convert hole punching to discard request on loop devices
xen/blkback: Move processing of BLKIF_OP_DISCARD from dispatch_rw_block_io
xen/blk[front|back]: Enhance discard support with secure erasing support.
xen/blk[front|back]: Squash blkif_request_rw and blkif_request_discard together
mtip32xx: update to new ->make_request() API
mtip32xx: add module.h include to avoid conflict with moduleh tree
mtip32xx: mark a few more items static
mtip32xx: ensure that all local functions are static
mtip32xx: cleanup compat ioctl handling
mtip32xx: fix warnings/errors on 32-bit compiles
block: Add driver for Micron RealSSD pcie flash cards
* 'for-3.3/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (37 commits)
Revert "block: recursive merge requests"
block: Stop using macro stubs for the bio data integrity calls
blockdev: convert some macros to static inlines
fs: remove unneeded plug in mpage_readpages()
block: Add BLKROTATIONAL ioctl
block: Introduce blk_set_stacking_limits function
block: remove WARN_ON_ONCE() in exit_io_context()
block: an exiting task should be allowed to create io_context
block: ioc_cgroup_changed() needs to be exported
block: recursive merge requests
block, cfq: fix empty queue crash caused by request merge
block, cfq: move icq creation and rq->elv.icq association to block core
block, cfq: restructure io_cq creation path for io_context interface cleanup
block, cfq: move io_cq exit/release to blk-ioc.c
block, cfq: move icq cache management to block core
block, cfq: move io_cq lookup to blk-ioc.c
block, cfq: move cfqd->icq_list to request_queue and add request->elv.icq
block, cfq: reorganize cfq_io_context into generic and cfq specific parts
block: remove elevator_queue->ops
block: reorder elevator switch sequence
...
Fix up conflicts in:
- block/blk-cgroup.c
Switch from can_attach_task to can_attach
- block/cfq-iosched.c
conflict with now removed cic index changes (we now use q->id instead)
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (39 commits)
perf tools: Fix compile error on x86_64 Ubuntu
perf report: Fix --stdio output alignment when --showcpuutilization used
perf annotate: Get rid of field_sep check
perf annotate: Fix usage string
perf kmem: Fix a memory leak
perf kmem: Add missing closedir() calls
perf top: Add error message for EMFILE
perf test: Change type of '-v' option to INCR
perf script: Add missing closedir() calls
tracing: Fix compile error when static ftrace is enabled
recordmcount: Fix handling of elf64 big-endian objects.
perf tools: Add const.h to MANIFEST to make perf-tar-src-pkg work again
perf tools: Add support for guest/host-only profiling
perf kvm: Do guest-only counting by default
perf top: Don't update total_period on process_sample
perf hists: Stop using 'self' for struct hist_entry
perf hists: Rename total_session to total_period
x86: Add counter when debug stack is used with interrupts enabled
x86: Allow NMIs to hit breakpoints in i386
x86: Keep current stack in NMI breakpoints
...
* 'for-linus' of git://selinuxproject.org/~jmorris/linux-security:
capabilities: remove __cap_full_set definition
security: remove the security_netlink_recv hook as it is equivalent to capable()
ptrace: do not audit capability check when outputing /proc/pid/stat
capabilities: remove task_ns_* functions
capabitlies: ns_capable can use the cap helpers rather than lsm call
capabilities: style only - move capable below ns_capable
capabilites: introduce new has_ns_capabilities_noaudit
capabilities: call has_ns_capability from has_capability
capabilities: remove all _real_ interfaces
capabilities: introduce security_capable_noaudit
capabilities: reverse arguments to security_capable
capabilities: remove the task from capable LSM hook entirely
selinux: sparse fix: fix several warnings in the security server cod
selinux: sparse fix: fix warnings in netlink code
selinux: sparse fix: eliminate warnings for selinuxfs
selinux: sparse fix: declare selinux_disable() in security.h
selinux: sparse fix: move selinux_complete_init
selinux: sparse fix: make selinux_secmark_refcount static
SELinux: Fix RCU deref check warning in sel_netport_insert()
Manually fix up a semantic mis-merge wrt security_netlink_recv():
- the interface was removed in commit fd77846152 ("security: remove
the security_netlink_recv hook as it is equivalent to capable()")
- a new user of it appeared in commit a38f7907b9 ("crypto: Add
userspace configuration API")
causing no automatic merge conflict, but Eric Paris pointed out the
issue.
Main features:
- Handle percpu memory allocations (only scanning them, not actually
reporting).
- Memory hotplug support.
Usability improvements:
- Show the origin of early allocations.
- Report previously found leaks even if kmemleak has been disabled by
some error.
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Merge tag 'kmemleak' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux
Kmemleak patches
Main features:
- Handle percpu memory allocations (only scanning them, not actually
reporting).
- Memory hotplug support.
Usability improvements:
- Show the origin of early allocations.
- Report previously found leaks even if kmemleak has been disabled by
some error.
* tag 'kmemleak' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux:
kmemleak: Add support for memory hotplug
kmemleak: Handle percpu memory allocation
kmemleak: Report previously found leaks even after an error
kmemleak: When the early log buffer is exceeded, report the actual number
kmemleak: Show where early_log issues come from
* 'for-next' of git://git.infradead.org/users/dhowells/linux-headers:
UAPI: Split trivial #if defined(__KERNEL__) && X conditionals
UAPI: Don't have a #elif clause in a __KERNEL__ guard in linux/soundcard.h
UAPI: Fix AHZ multiple inclusion when __KERNEL__ is removed
UAPI: Make linux/patchkey.h easier to parse
UAPI: Fix nested __KERNEL__ guards in video/edid.h
UAPI: Alter the S390 asm include guards to be recognisable by the UAPI splitter
UAPI: Guard linux/cuda.h
UAPI: Guard linux/pmu.h
UAPI: Guard linux/isdn_divertif.h
UAPI: Guard linux/sound.h
UAPI: Rearrange definition of HZ in asm-generic/param.h
UAPI: Make FRV use asm-generic/param.h
UAPI: Make M32R use asm-generic/param.h
UAPI: Make MN10300 use asm-generic/param.h
UAPI: elf_read_implies_exec() is a kernel-only feature - so hide from userspace
UAPI: Don't include linux/compat.h in sparc's asm/siginfo.h
UAPI: Fix arch/mips/include/asm/Kbuild to have separate header-y lines
* 'fbdev-next' of git://github.com/schandinat/linux-2.6: (175 commits)
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (drivers/video/i810)
Revert "atmel_lcdfb: Adjust HFP calculation so it matches the manual."
OMAPDSS: HDMI: Disable DDC internal pull up
OMAPDSS: HDMI: Move duplicate code from boardfile
OMAPDSS: add OrtusTech COM43H4M10XTC display support
OMAP: DSS2: Support for UMSH-8173MD TFT panel
ASoC: OMAP: HDMI: Move HDMI codec trigger function to generic HDMI driver
OMAPDSS: HDMI: Create function to enable HDMI audio
ASoC: OMAP: HDMI: Correct signature of ASoC functions
ASoC: OMAP: HDMI: Introduce driver data for audio codec
grvga: fix section mismatch warnings
video: s3c-fb: Don't keep device runtime active when open
video: s3c-fb: Hold runtime PM references when touching registers
video: s3c-fb: Take a runtime PM reference when unblanked
video: s3c-fb: Disable runtime PM in error paths from probe
video: s3c-fb: Use s3c_fb_enable() to enable the framebuffer
video: s3c-fb: Make runtime PM functional again
drivers/video: fsl-diu-fb: merge fsl_diu_alloc() into map_video_memory()
drivers/video: fsl-diu-fb: add default platform ops functions
drivers/video: fsl-diu-fb: remove broken reference count enabling the display
...
Linux allows executing the SG_IO ioctl on a partition or LVM volume, and
will pass the command to the underlying block device. This is
well-known, but it is also a large security problem when (via Unix
permissions, ACLs, SELinux or a combination thereof) a program or user
needs to be granted access only to part of the disk.
This patch lets partitions forward a small set of harmless ioctls;
others are logged with printk so that we can see which ioctls are
actually sent. In my tests only CDROM_GET_CAPABILITY actually occurred.
Of course it was being sent to a (partition on a) hard disk, so it would
have failed with ENOTTY and the patch isn't changing anything in
practice. Still, I'm treating it specially to avoid spamming the logs.
In principle, this restriction should include programs running with
CAP_SYS_RAWIO. If for example I let a program access /dev/sda2 and
/dev/sdb, it still should not be able to read/write outside the
boundaries of /dev/sda2 independent of the capabilities. However, for
now programs with CAP_SYS_RAWIO will still be allowed to send the
ioctls. Their actions will still be logged.
This patch does not affect the non-libata IDE driver. That driver
however already tests for bd != bd->bd_contains before issuing some
ioctl; it could be restricted further to forbid these ioctls even for
programs running with CAP_SYS_ADMIN/CAP_SYS_RAWIO.
Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: James Bottomley <JBottomley@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
[ Make it also print the command name when warning - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce a wrapper around scsi_cmd_ioctl that takes a block device.
The function will then be enhanced to detect partition block devices
and, in that case, subject the ioctls to whitelisting.
Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: James Bottomley <JBottomley@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux
Autogenerated GPG tag for Rusty D1ADB8F1: 15EE 8D6C AB0E 7F0C F999 BFCB D920 0E6C D1AD B8F1
* tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux:
module_param: check that bool parameters really are bool.
intelfbdrv.c: bailearly is an int module_param
paride/pcd: fix bool verbose module parameter.
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (drivers & misc)
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (arch)
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (core code)
kernel/async: remove redundant declaration.
printk: fix unnecessary module_param_name.
lirc_parallel: fix module parameter description.
module_param: avoid bool abuse, add bint for special cases.
module_param: check type correctness for module_param_array
modpost: use linker section to generate table.
modpost: use a table rather than a giant if/else statement.
modules: sysfs - export: taint, coresize, initsize
kernel/params: replace DEBUGP with pr_debug
module: replace DEBUGP with pr_debug
module: struct module_ref should contains long fields
module: Fix performance regression on modules with large symbol tables
module: Add comments describing how the "strmap" logic works
Fix up conflicts in scripts/mod/file2alias.c due to the new linker-
generated table approach to adding __mod_*_device_table entries. The
ARM sa11x0 mcp bus needed to be converted to that too.
* 'for-3.3' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (31 commits)
nfsd4: nfsd4_create_clid_dir return value is unused
NFSD: Change name of extended attribute containing junction
svcrpc: don't revert to SVC_POOL_DEFAULT on nfsd shutdown
svcrpc: fix double-free on shutdown of nfsd after changing pool mode
nfsd4: be forgiving in the absence of the recovery directory
nfsd4: fix spurious 4.1 post-reboot failures
NFSD: forget_delegations should use list_for_each_entry_safe
NFSD: Only reinitilize the recall_lru list under the recall lock
nfsd4: initialize special stateid's at compile time
NFSd: use network-namespace-aware cache registering routines
SUNRPC: create svc_xprt in proper network namespace
svcrpc: update outdated BKL comment
nfsd41: allow non-reclaim open-by-fh's in 4.1
svcrpc: avoid memory-corruption on pool shutdown
svcrpc: destroy server sockets all at once
svcrpc: make svc_delete_xprt static
nfsd: Fix oops when parsing a 0 length export
nfsd4: Use kmemdup rather than duplicating its implementation
nfsd4: add a separate (lockowner, inode) lookup
nfsd4: fix CONFIG_NFSD_FAULT_INJECTION compile error
...
* 'drm-fixes' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux:
dma-buf: Documentation update for Kconfig select
nouveau: Support Optimus models for vga_switcheroo
nouveau: properly check for _DSM function support
dma-buf: drop option text so users don't select it.
radeon: Call pci_clear_master() instead of open-coding it.
gma500: Discard modes that don't fit in stolen memory
drm: bump DRM_CONNECTOR_MAX_ENCODER from 2 to 3
drm/radeon/kms: Fix module parameter description format
drm/radeon/kms/ni: fix packet2 handling for VM IB parser
ttm/dma: Remove the WARN() which is not useful.
* 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sameo/mfd-2.6: (59 commits)
rtc: max8925: Add function to work as wakeup source
mfd: Add pm ops to max8925
mfd: Convert aat2870 to dev_pm_ops
mfd: Still check other interrupts if we get a wm831x touchscreen IRQ
mfd: Introduce missing kfree in 88pm860x probe routine
mfd: Add S5M series configuration
mfd: Add s5m series irq driver
mfd: Add S5M core driver
mfd: Improve mc13xxx dt binding document
mfd: Fix stmpe section mismatch
mfd: Fix stmpe build warning
mfd: Fix STMPE I2c build failure
mfd: Constify aat2870-core i2c_device_id table
gpio: Add support for stmpe variant 801
mfd: Add support for stmpe variant 801
mfd: Add support for stmpe variant 610
mfd: Add support for STMPE SPI interface
mfd: Separate out STMPE controller and interface specific code
misc: Remove max8997-muic sysfs attributes
mfd: Remove unused wm831x_irq_data_to_mask_reg()
...
Fix up trivial conflict in drivers/leds/Kconfig due to addition of
LEDS_MAX8997 and LEDS_TCA6507 next to each other.
Core:
* Support for the HS200 high-speed eMMC mode.
* Support SDIO 3.0 Ultra High Speed cards.
* Kill pending block requests immediately if card is removed.
* Enable the eMMC feature for locking boot partitions read-only
until next power on, exposed via sysfs.
Drivers:
* Runtime PM support for Intel Medfield SDIO.
* Suspend/resume support for sdhci-spear.
* sh-mmcif now processes requests asynchronously.
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Merge tag 'mmc-merge-for-3.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cjb/mmc
MMC highlights for 3.3:
Core:
* Support for the HS200 high-speed eMMC mode.
* Support SDIO 3.0 Ultra High Speed cards.
* Kill pending block requests immediately if card is removed.
* Enable the eMMC feature for locking boot partitions read-only
until next power on, exposed via sysfs.
Drivers:
* Runtime PM support for Intel Medfield SDIO.
* Suspend/resume support for sdhci-spear.
* sh-mmcif now processes requests asynchronously.
* tag 'mmc-merge-for-3.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cjb/mmc: (58 commits)
mmc: fix a deadlock between system suspend and MMC block IO
mmc: sdhci: restore the enabled dma when do reset all
mmc: dw_mmc: miscaculated the fifo-depth with wrong bit operation
mmc: host: Adds support for eMMC 4.5 HS200 mode
mmc: core: HS200 mode support for eMMC 4.5
mmc: dw_mmc: fixed wrong bit operation for SDMMC_GET_FCNT()
mmc: core: Separate the timeout value for cache-ctrl
mmc: sdhci-spear: Fix compilation error
mmc: sdhci: Deal with failure case in sdhci_suspend_host
mmc: dw_mmc: Clear the DDR mode for non-DDR
mmc: sd: Fix SDR12 timing regression
mmc: sdhci: Fix tuning timer incorrect setting when suspending host
mmc: core: Add option to prevent eMMC sleep command
mmc: omap_hsmmc: use threaded irq handler for card-detect.
mmc: sdhci-pci: enable runtime PM for Medfield SDIO
mmc: sdhci: Always pass clock request value zero to set_clock host op
mmc: sdhci-pci: remove SDHCI_QUIRK2_OWN_CARD_DETECTION
mmc: sdhci-pci: get gpio numbers from platform data
mmc: sdhci-pci: add platform data
mmc: sdhci: prevent card detection activity for non-removable cards
...
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/steve/gfs2-3.0-nmw:
GFS2: Fix nlink setting on inode creation
GFS2: fail mount if journal recovery fails
GFS2: let spectator mount do read only recovery
GFS2: Fix a use-after-free that coverity spotted
GFS2: dlm based recovery coordination
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client:
ceph: ensure prealloc_blob is in place when removing xattr
rbd: initialize snap_rwsem in rbd_add()
ceph: enable/disable dentry complete flags via mount option
vfs: export symbol d_find_any_alias()
ceph: always initialize the dentry in open_root_dentry()
libceph: remove useless return value for osd_client __send_request()
ceph: avoid iput() while holding spinlock in ceph_dir_fsync
ceph: avoid useless dget/dput in encode_fh
ceph: dereference pointer after checking for NULL
crush: fix force for non-root TAKE
ceph: remove unnecessary d_fsdata conditional checks
ceph: Use kmemdup rather than duplicating its implementation
Fix up conflicts in fs/ceph/super.c (d_alloc_root() failure handling vs
always initialize the dentry in open_root_dentry)
By adding some module aliases, programs (or users) won't have to explicitly
call modprobe. Vhost-net will always be available if built into the kernel.
It does require assigning a permanent minor number for depmod to work.
Also:
- use C99 style initialization.
- add missing entry in documentation for loop-control
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Acked-By: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There exists at least one NVIDIA GPU (Quadro NVS 300) that has a DMS-59
connector which is capable of supporting DisplayPort, TMDS and VGA on
a single connector.
We need to bump the allowed encoder limit to support all three configs.
Signed-off-by: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Replace preprocessor macro stubs with real function declarations to
prevent warnings when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Andrew explains:
- various misc stuff
- Most of the rest of MM: memcg, threaded hugepages, others.
- cpumask
- kexec
- kdump
- some direct-io performance tweaking
- radix-tree optimisations
- new selftests code
A note on this: often people will develop a new userspace-visible
feature and will develop userspace code to exercise/test that
feature. Then they merge the patch and the selftest code dies.
Sometimes we paste it into the changelog. Sometimes the code gets
thrown into Documentation/(!).
This saddens me. So this patch creates a bare-bones framework which
will henceforth allow me to ask people to include their test apps in
the kernel tree so we can keep them alive. Then when people enhance
or fix the feature, I can ask them to update the test app too.
The infrastruture is terribly trivial at present - let's see how it
evolves.
- checkpoint/restart feature work.
A note on this: this is a project by various mad Russians to perform
c/r mainly from userspace, with various oddball helper code added
into the kernel where the need is demonstrated.
So rather than some large central lump of code, what we have is
little bits and pieces popping up in various places which either
expose something new or which permit something which is normally
kernel-private to be modified.
The overall project is an ongoing thing. I've judged that the size
and scope of the thing means that we're more likely to be successful
with it if we integrate the support into mainline piecemeal rather
than allowing it all to develop out-of-tree.
However I'm less confident than the developers that it will all
eventually work! So what I'm asking them to do is to wrap each piece
of new code inside CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE. So if it all
eventually comes to tears and the project as a whole fails, it should
be a simple matter to go through and delete all trace of it.
This lot pretty much wraps up the -rc1 merge for me.
* akpm: (96 commits)
unlzo: fix input buffer free
ramoops: update parameters only after successful init
ramoops: fix use of rounddown_pow_of_two()
c/r: prctl: add PR_SET_MM codes to set up mm_struct entries
c/r: procfs: add start_data, end_data, start_brk members to /proc/$pid/stat v4
c/r: introduce CHECKPOINT_RESTORE symbol
selftests: new x86 breakpoints selftest
selftests: new very basic kernel selftests directory
radix_tree: take radix_tree_path off stack
radix_tree: remove radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr()
dio: optimize cache misses in the submission path
vfs: cache request_queue in struct block_device
fs/direct-io.c: calculate fs_count correctly in get_more_blocks()
drivers/parport/parport_pc.c: fix warnings
panic: don't print redundant backtraces on oops
sysctl: add the kernel.ns_last_pid control
kdump: add udev events for memory online/offline
include/linux/crash_dump.h needs elf.h
kdump: fix crash_kexec()/smp_send_stop() race in panic()
kdump: crashk_res init check for /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size
...
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (69 commits)
pptp: Accept packet with seq zero
RDS: Remove some unused iWARP code
net: fsl: fec: handle 10Mbps speed in RMII mode
drivers/net/ethernet/stmicro/stmmac/stmmac_platform.c: add missing iounmap
drivers/net/ethernet/tundra/tsi108_eth.c: add missing iounmap
ksz884x: fix mtu for VLAN
net_sched: sfq: add optional RED on top of SFQ
dp83640: Fix NOHZ local_softirq_pending 08 warning
gianfar: Fix invalid TX frames returned on error queue when time stamping
gianfar: Fix missing sock reference when processing TX time stamps
phylib: introduce mdiobus_alloc_size()
net: decrement memcg jump label when limit, not usage, is changed
net: reintroduce missing rcu_assign_pointer() calls
inet_diag: Rename inet_diag_req_compat into inet_diag_req
inet_diag: Rename inet_diag_req into inet_diag_req_v2
bond_alb: don't disable softirq under bond_alb_xmit
mac80211: fix rx->key NULL pointer dereference in promiscuous mode
nl80211: fix old station flags compatibility
mdio-octeon: use an unique MDIO bus name.
mdio-gpio: use an unique MDIO bus name.
...
When we restore a task we need to set up text, data and data heap sizes
from userspace to the values a task had at checkpoint time. This patch
adds auxilary prctl codes for that.
While most of them have a statistical nature (their values are involved
into calculation of /proc/<pid>/statm output) the start_brk and brk values
are used to compute an allowed size of program data segment expansion.
Which means an arbitrary changes of this values might be dangerous
operation. So to restrict access the following requirements applied to
prctl calls:
- The process has to have CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability granted.
- For all opcodes except start_brk/brk members an appropriate
VMA area must exist and should fit certain VMA flags,
such as:
- code segment must be executable but not writable;
- data segment must not be executable.
start_brk/brk values must not intersect with data segment and must not
exceed RLIMIT_DATA resource limit.
Still the main guard is CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability check.
Note the kernel should be compiled with CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE support
otherwise these prctl calls will return -EINVAL.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cache current->mm in a local, saving 200 bytes text]
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is not used anymore, remove it
Signed-off-by: Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This makes it possible to get from the inode to the request_queue with one
less cache miss. Used in followon optimization.
The livetime of the pointer is the same as the gendisk.
This assumes that the queue will always stay the same in the gendisk while
it's visible to block_devices. I think that's safe correct?
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Building an ARM target we get the following warnings:
CC arch/arm/kernel/setup.o
In file included from arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:39:
arch/arm/include/asm/elf.h:102:1: warning: "vmcore_elf64_check_arch" redefined
In file included from arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:24:
include/linux/crash_dump.h:30:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition
Quoting Russell King:
"linux/crash_dump.h makes no attempt to include asm/elf.h, but it depends
on stuff in asm/elf.h to determine how stuff inside this file is defined
at parse time.
So, if asm/elf.h is included after linux/crash_dump.h or not at all, you
get a different result from the situation where asm/elf.h is included
before."
So add elf.h header to crash_dump.h to avoid this problem.
The original discussion about this can be found at:
http://www.spinics.net/lists/arm-kernel/msg154113.html
Signed-off-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.2.1]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
KMSG_DUMP_KEXEC is useless because we already save kernel messages inside
/proc/vmcore, and it is unsafe to allow modules to do other stuffs in a
crash dump scenario.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix powerpc build]
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jarod Wilson <jarod@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
del_page_from_lru() repeats del_page_from_lru_list(), also working out
which LRU the page was on, clearing the relevant bits. Decouple those
functions: remove del_page_from_lru() and add page_off_lru().
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Mostly we use "enum lru_list lru": change those few "l"s to "lru"s.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
What's so special about ____pagevec_lru_add() that it needs four leading
underscores? Nothing, it just helped to distinguish from
__pagevec_lru_add() in 2.6.28 development. Cut two leading underscores.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace pagevecs in putback_lru_pages() and move_active_pages_to_lru()
by lists of pages_to_free: then apply Konstantin Khlebnikov's
free_hot_cold_page_list() to them instead of pagevec_release().
Which simplifies the flow (no need to drop and retake lock whenever
pagevec fills up) and reduces stale addresses in stack backtraces
(which often showed through the pagevecs); but more importantly,
removes another 120 bytes from the deepest stacks in page reclaim.
Although I've not recently seen an actual stack overflow here with
a vanilla kernel, move_active_pages_to_lru() has often featured in
deep backtraces.
However, free_hot_cold_page_list() does not handle compound pages
(nor need it: a Transparent HugePage would have been split by the
time it reaches the call in shrink_page_list()), but it is possible
for putback_lru_pages() or move_active_pages_to_lru() to be left
holding the last reference on a THP, so must exclude the unlikely
compound case before putting on pages_to_free.
Remove pagevec_strip(), its work now done in move_active_pages_to_lru().
The pagevec in scan_mapping_unevictable_pages() remains in mm/vmscan.c,
but that is never on the reclaim path, and cannot be replaced by a list.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds a lightweight sync migrate operation MIGRATE_SYNC_LIGHT
mode that avoids writing back pages to backing storage. Async compaction
maps to MIGRATE_ASYNC while sync compaction maps to MIGRATE_SYNC_LIGHT.
For other migrate_pages users such as memory hotplug, MIGRATE_SYNC is
used.
This avoids sync compaction stalling for an excessive length of time,
particularly when copying files to a USB stick where there might be a
large number of dirty pages backed by a filesystem that does not support
->writepages.
[aarcange@redhat.com: This patch is heavily based on Andrea's work]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix fs/nfs/write.c build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix fs/btrfs/disk-io.c build]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andy Isaacson <adi@hexapodia.org>
Cc: Nai Xia <nai.xia@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 39deaf85 ("mm: compaction: make isolate_lru_page() filter-aware")
noted that compaction does not migrate dirty or writeback pages and that
is was meaningless to pick the page and re-add it to the LRU list. This
had to be partially reverted because some dirty pages can be migrated by
compaction without blocking.
This patch updates "mm: compaction: make isolate_lru_page" by skipping
over pages that migration has no possibility of migrating to minimise LRU
disruption.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel<riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andy Isaacson <adi@hexapodia.org>
Cc: Nai Xia <nai.xia@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Asynchronous compaction is used when allocating transparent hugepages to
avoid blocking for long periods of time. Due to reports of stalling,
there was a debate on disabling synchronous compaction but this severely
impacted allocation success rates. Part of the reason was that many dirty
pages are skipped in asynchronous compaction by the following check;
if (PageDirty(page) && !sync &&
mapping->a_ops->migratepage != migrate_page)
rc = -EBUSY;
This skips over all mapping aops using buffer_migrate_page() even though
it is possible to migrate some of these pages without blocking. This
patch updates the ->migratepage callback with a "sync" parameter. It is
the responsibility of the callback to fail gracefully if migration would
block.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andy Isaacson <adi@hexapodia.org>
Cc: Nai Xia <nai.xia@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In trace_mm_vmscan_lru_isolate(), we don't output 'file' information to
the trace event and it is a bit inconvenient for the user to get the
real information(like pasted below). mm_vmscan_lru_isolate:
isolate_mode=2 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=32 nr_taken=32
contig_taken=0 contig_dirty=0 contig_failed=0
'active' can be obtained by analyzing mode(Thanks go to Minchan and
Mel), So this patch adds 'file' to the trace event and it now looks
like: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=2 order=0 nr_requested=32
nr_scanned=32 nr_taken=32 contig_taken=0 contig_dirty=0 contig_failed=0
file=0
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have tlb_remove_tlb_entry to indicate a pte tlb flush entry should be
flushed, but not a corresponding API for pmd entry. This isn't a
problem so far because THP is only for x86 currently and tlb_flush()
under x86 will flush entire TLB. But this is confusion and could be
missed if thp is ported to other arch.
Also convert tlb->need_flush = 1 to a VM_BUG_ON(!tlb->need_flush) in
__tlb_remove_page() as suggested by Andrea Arcangeli. The
__tlb_remove_page() function is supposed to be called after
tlb_remove_xxx_tlb_entry() and we can catch any misuse.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now, at LRU handling, memory cgroup needs to do complicated works to see
valid pc->mem_cgroup, which may be overwritten.
This patch is for relaxing the protocol. This patch guarantees
- when pc->mem_cgroup is overwritten, page must not be on LRU.
By this, LRU routine can believe pc->mem_cgroup and don't need to check
bits on pc->flags. This new rule may adds small overheads to swapin. But
in most case, lru handling gets faster.
After this patch, PCG_ACCT_LRU bit is obsolete and removed.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded VM_BUG_ON(), restore hannes's christmas tree]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up code comment]
[hughd@google.com: fix NULL mem_cgroup_try_charge]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is a preparation before removing a flag PCG_ACCT_LRU in page_cgroup
and reducing atomic ops/complexity in memcg LRU handling.
In some cases, pages are added to lru before charge to memcg and pages
are not classfied to memory cgroup at lru addtion. Now, the lru where
the page should be added is determined a bit in page_cgroup->flags and
pc->mem_cgroup. I'd like to remove the check of flag.
To handle the case pc->mem_cgroup may contain stale pointers if pages
are added to LRU before classification. This patch resets
pc->mem_cgroup to root_mem_cgroup before lru additions.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_CONT=n build]
[hughd@google.com: fix CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR=y CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP=n build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: ksm.c needs memcontrol.h, per Michal]
[hughd@google.com: stop oops in mem_cgroup_reset_owner()]
[hughd@google.com: fix page migration to reset_owner]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are multiple places which need to get the swap_cgroup address, so
add a helper function:
static struct swap_cgroup *swap_cgroup_getsc(swp_entry_t ent,
struct swap_cgroup_ctrl **ctrl);
to simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In split_huge_page(), mem_cgroup_split_huge_fixup() is called to handle
page_cgroup modifcations. It takes move_lock_page_cgroup() and modifies
page_cgroup and LRU accounting jobs and called HPAGE_PMD_SIZE - 1 times.
But thinking again,
- compound_lock() is held at move_accout...then, it's not necessary
to take move_lock_page_cgroup().
- LRU is locked and all tail pages will go into the same LRU as
head is now on.
- page_cgroup is contiguous in huge page range.
This patch fixes mem_cgroup_split_huge_fixup() as to be called once per
hugepage and reduce costs for spliting.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo, per Michal]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To find the page corresponding to a certain page_cgroup, the pc->flags
encoded the node or section ID with the base array to compare the pc
pointer to.
Now that the per-memory cgroup LRU lists link page descriptors directly,
there is no longer any code that knows the struct page_cgroup of a PFN
but not the struct page.
[hughd@google.com: remove unused node/section info from pc->flags fix]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that all code that operated on global per-zone LRU lists is
converted to operate on per-memory cgroup LRU lists instead, there is no
reason to keep the double-LRU scheme around any longer.
The pc->lru member is removed and page->lru is linked directly to the
per-memory cgroup LRU lists, which removes two pointers from a
descriptor that exists for every page frame in the system.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Having a unified structure with a LRU list set for both global zones and
per-memcg zones allows to keep that code simple which deals with LRU
lists and does not care about the container itself.
Once the per-memcg LRU lists directly link struct pages, the isolation
function and all other list manipulations are shared between the memcg
case and the global LRU case.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memory cgroup limit reclaim and traditional global pressure reclaim will
soon share the same code to reclaim from a hierarchical tree of memory
cgroups.
In preparation of this, move the two right next to each other in
shrink_zone().
The mem_cgroup_hierarchical_reclaim() polymath is split into a soft
limit reclaim function, which still does hierarchy walking on its own,
and a limit (shrinking) reclaim function, which relies on generic
reclaim code to walk the hierarchy.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit ef6a3c6311 ("mm: add replace_page_cache_page() function") added a
function replace_page_cache_page(). This function replaces a page in the
radix-tree with a new page. WHen doing this, memory cgroup needs to fix
up the accounting information. memcg need to check PCG_USED bit etc.
In some(many?) cases, 'newpage' is on LRU before calling
replace_page_cache(). So, memcg's LRU accounting information should be
fixed, too.
This patch adds mem_cgroup_replace_page_cache() and removes the old hooks.
In that function, old pages will be unaccounted without touching
res_counter and new page will be accounted to the memcg (of old page).
WHen overwriting pc->mem_cgroup of newpage, take zone->lru_lock and avoid
races with LRU handling.
Background:
replace_page_cache_page() is called by FUSE code in its splice() handling.
Here, 'newpage' is replacing oldpage but this newpage is not a newly allocated
page and may be on LRU. LRU mis-accounting will be critical for memory cgroup
because rmdir() checks the whole LRU is empty and there is no account leak.
If a page is on the other LRU than it should be, rmdir() will fail.
This bug was added in March 2011, but no bug report yet. I guess there
are not many people who use memcg and FUSE at the same time with upstream
kernels.
The result of this bug is that admin cannot destroy a memcg because of
account leak. So, no panic, no deadlock. And, even if an active cgroup
exist, umount can succseed. So no problem at shutdown.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current epoll code can be tickled to run basically indefinitely in
both loop detection path check (on ep_insert()), and in the wakeup paths.
The programs that tickle this behavior set up deeply linked networks of
epoll file descriptors that cause the epoll algorithms to traverse them
indefinitely. A couple of these sample programs have been previously
posted in this thread: https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/2/25/297.
To fix the loop detection path check algorithms, I simply keep track of
the epoll nodes that have been already visited. Thus, the loop detection
becomes proportional to the number of epoll file descriptor and links.
This dramatically decreases the run-time of the loop check algorithm. In
one diabolical case I tried it reduced the run-time from 15 mintues (all
in kernel time) to .3 seconds.
Fixing the wakeup paths could be done at wakeup time in a similar manner
by keeping track of nodes that have already been visited, but the
complexity is harder, since there can be multiple wakeups on different
cpus...Thus, I've opted to limit the number of possible wakeup paths when
the paths are created.
This is accomplished, by noting that the end file descriptor points that
are found during the loop detection pass (from the newly added link), are
actually the sources for wakeup events. I keep a list of these file
descriptors and limit the number and length of these paths that emanate
from these 'source file descriptors'. In the current implemetation I
allow 1000 paths of length 1, 500 of length 2, 100 of length 3, 50 of
length 4 and 10 of length 5. Note that it is sufficient to check the
'source file descriptors' reachable from the newly added link, since no
other 'source file descriptors' will have newly added links. This allows
us to check only the wakeup paths that may have gotten too long, and not
re-check all possible wakeup paths on the system.
In terms of the path limit selection, I think its first worth noting that
the most common case for epoll, is probably the model where you have 1
epoll file descriptor that is monitoring n number of 'source file
descriptors'. In this case, each 'source file descriptor' has a 1 path of
length 1. Thus, I believe that the limits I'm proposing are quite
reasonable and in fact may be too generous. Thus, I'm hoping that the
proposed limits will not prevent any workloads that currently work to
fail.
In terms of locking, I have extended the use of the 'epmutex' to all
epoll_ctl add and remove operations. Currently its only used in a subset
of the add paths. I need to hold the epmutex, so that we can correctly
traverse a coherent graph, to check the number of paths. I believe that
this additional locking is probably ok, since its in the setup/teardown
paths, and doesn't affect the running paths, but it certainly is going to
add some extra overhead. Also, worth noting is that the epmuex was
recently added to the ep_ctl add operations in the initial path loop
detection code using the argument that it was not on a critical path.
Another thing to note here, is the length of epoll chains that is allowed.
Currently, eventpoll.c defines:
/* Maximum number of nesting allowed inside epoll sets */
#define EP_MAX_NESTS 4
This basically means that I am limited to a graph depth of 5 (EP_MAX_NESTS
+ 1). However, this limit is currently only enforced during the loop
check detection code, and only when the epoll file descriptors are added
in a certain order. Thus, this limit is currently easily bypassed. The
newly added check for wakeup paths, stricly limits the wakeup paths to a
length of 5, regardless of the order in which ep's are linked together.
Thus, a side-effect of the new code is a more consistent enforcement of
the graph depth.
Thus far, I've tested this, using the sample programs previously
mentioned, which now either return quickly or return -EINVAL. I've also
testing using the piptest.c epoll tester, which showed no difference in
performance. I've also created a number of different epoll networks and
tested that they behave as expectded.
I believe this solves the original diabolical test cases, while still
preserving the sane epoll nesting.
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Nelson Elhage <nelhage@ksplice.com>
Cc: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
While implementing cmpxchg_double() on s390 I realized that we don't set
CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL despite the fact that we have support for it.
However setting that option will increase the size of struct page by
eight bytes on 64 bit, which we certainly do not want. Also, it doesn't
make sense that a present cpu feature should increase the size of struct
page.
Besides that it looks like the dependency to CMPXCHG_LOCAL is wrong and
that it should depend on CMPXCHG_DOUBLE instead.
This patch:
If an architecture supports CMPXCHG_LOCAL this shouldn't result
automatically in larger struct pages if the SLUB allocator is used.
Instead introduce a new config option "HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE" which
can be selected if a double word aligned struct page is required. Also
update x86 Kconfig so that it should work as before.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The uses have been renamed so delete the unused macro.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The only use in kernel.h is gone so remove the macro.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use __printf macro.
Convert NORET_AND to ATTRIB_NORET.
Use the normal kernel style for pointer arguments.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Adds an optional Random Early Detection on each SFQ flow queue.
Traditional SFQ limits count of packets, while RED permits to also
control number of bytes per flow, and adds ECN capability as well.
1) We dont handle the idle time management in this RED implementation,
since each 'new flow' begins with a null qavg. We really want to address
backlogged flows.
2) if headdrop is selected, we try to ecn mark first packet instead of
currently enqueued packet. This gives faster feedback for tcp flows
compared to traditional RED [ marking the last packet in queue ]
Example of use :
tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:1 handle 10: est 1sec 4sec sfq \
limit 3000 headdrop flows 512 divisor 16384 \
redflowlimit 100000 min 8000 max 60000 probability 0.20 ecn
qdisc sfq 10: parent 1:1 limit 3000p quantum 1514b depth 127 headdrop
flows 512/16384 divisor 16384
ewma 6 min 8000b max 60000b probability 0.2 ecn
prob_mark 0 prob_mark_head 4876 prob_drop 6131
forced_mark 0 forced_mark_head 0 forced_drop 0
Sent 1175211782 bytes 777537 pkt (dropped 6131, overlimits 11007
requeues 0)
rate 99483Kbit 8219pps backlog 689392b 456p requeues 0
In this test, with 64 netperf TCP_STREAM sessions, 50% using ECN enabled
flows, we can see number of packets CE marked is smaller than number of
drops (for non ECN flows)
If same test is run, without RED, we can check backlog is much bigger.
qdisc sfq 10: parent 1:1 limit 3000p quantum 1514b depth 127 headdrop
flows 512/16384 divisor 16384
Sent 1148683617 bytes 795006 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
rate 98429Kbit 8521pps backlog 1221290b 841p requeues 0
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
CC: Dave Taht <dave.taht@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Dave Taht <dave.taht@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Introduce function mdiobus_alloc_size() as an alternative to mdiobus_alloc().
Most callers of mdiobus_alloc() also allocate a private data structure, and
then manually point bus->priv to this object. mdiobus_alloc_size()
combines the two operations into one, which simplifies memory management.
The original mdiobus_alloc() now just calls mdiobus_alloc_size(0).
Signed-off-by: Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int. In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.
This tightens the check (you'll get a warning about incompatible
return type) but still allows it. Next kernel version, we'll remove
it.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int. In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.
It's time to remove the int/unsigned int option. For this version
it'll simply give a warning, but it'll break next kernel version.
Acked-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int. In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.
It's time to remove the int/unsigned int option. For this version
it'll simply give a warning, but it'll break next kernel version.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
For historical reasons, we allow module_param(bool) to take an int (or
an unsigned int). That's going away.
A few drivers really want an int: they set it to -1 and a parameter
will set it to 0 or 1. This sucks: reading them from sysfs will give
'Y' for both -1 and 1, but if we change it to an int, then the users
might be broken (if they did "param" instead of "param=1").
Use a new 'bint' parser for them.
(ntfs has a different problem: it needs an int for debug_msgs because
it's also exposed via sysctl.)
Cc: Steve Glendinning <steve.glendinning@smsc.com>
Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <guenter.roeck@ericsson.com>
Cc: Hoang-Nam Nguyen <hnguyen@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Christoph Raisch <raisch@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <roland@kernel.org>
Cc: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Cc: Hal Rosenstock <hal.rosenstock@gmail.com>
Cc: linux390@de.ibm.com
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: lm-sensors@lm-sensors.org
Cc: linux-rdma@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-ntfs-dev@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
Acked-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> (For the sound part)
Acked-by: Guenter Roeck <guenter.roeck@ericsson.com> (For the hwmon driver)
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module_param_array(), unlike its non-array cousins, didn't check the type
of the variable. Fixing this found two bugs.
Cc: Luca Risolia <luca.risolia@studio.unibo.it>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Cc: Eric Piel <eric.piel@tremplin-utc.net>
Cc: linux-media@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module_ref contains two "unsigned int" fields.
Thats now too small, since some machines can open more than 2^32 files.
Check commit 518de9b39e (fs: allow for more than 2^31 files) for
reference.
We can add an aligned(2 * sizeof(unsigned long)) attribute to force
alloc_percpu() allocating module_ref areas in single cache lines.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
CC: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
CC: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
CC: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/fuse:
FUSE: Notifying the kernel of deletion.
fuse: support ioctl on directories
fuse: Use kcalloc instead of kzalloc to allocate array
fuse: llseek optimize SEEK_CUR and SEEK_SET
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Merge tag 'to-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux
* tag 'to-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux: (24 commits)
lguest: Make sure interrupt is allocated ok by lguest_setup_irq
lguest: move the lguest tool to the tools directory
lguest: switch segment-voodoo-numbers to readable symbols
virtio: balloon: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: balloon: Move vq initialization into separate function
virtio: net: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: net: Move vq and vq buf removal into separate function
virtio: net: Move vq initialization into separate function
virtio: blk: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: blk: Move vq initialization to separate function
virtio: console: Disable callbacks for virtqueues at start of S4 freeze
virtio: console: Add freeze and restore handlers to support S4
virtio: console: Move vq and vq buf removal into separate functions
virtio: pci: add PM notification handlers for restore, freeze, thaw, poweroff
virtio: pci: switch to new PM API
virtio_blk: fix config handler race
virtio: add debugging if driver doesn't kick.
virtio: expose added descriptors immediately.
virtio: avoid modulus operation.
virtio: support unlocked queue kick
...
This patch adds support for the HS200 mode on the host side.
Also enables the tuning feature required when the HS200 mode
is selected.
Signed-off-by: Girish K S <girish.shivananjappa@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
This patch adds the support of the HS200 bus speed for eMMC 4.5 devices.
The eMMC 4.5 devices have support for 200MHz bus speed. The function
prototype of the tuning function is modified to handle the tuning
command number which is different in sd and mmc case.
Signed-off-by: Girish K S <girish.shivananjappa@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Philip Rakity <prakity@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: (526 commits)
ASoC: twl6040 - Add method to query optimum PDM_DL1 gain
ALSA: hda - Fix the lost power-setup of seconary pins after PM resume
ALSA: usb-audio: add Yamaha MOX6/MOX8 support
ALSA: virtuoso: add S/PDIF input support for all Xonars
ALSA: ice1724 - Support for ooAoo SQ210a
ALSA: ice1724 - Allow card info based on model only
ALSA: ice1724 - Create capture pcm only for ADC-enabled configurations
ALSA: hdspm - Provide unique driver id based on card serial
ASoC: Dynamically allocate the rtd device for a non-empty release()
ASoC: Fix recursive dependency due to select ATMEL_SSC in SND_ATMEL_SOC_SSC
ALSA: hda - Fix the detection of "Loopback Mixing" control for VIA codecs
ALSA: hda - Return the error from get_wcaps_type() for invalid NIDs
ALSA: hda - Use auto-parser for HP laptops with cx20459 codec
ALSA: asihpi - Fix potential Oops in snd_asihpi_cmode_info()
ALSA: hdsp - Fix potential Oops in snd_hdsp_info_pref_sync_ref()
ALSA: hda/cirrus - support for iMac12,2 model
ASoC: cx20442: add bias control over a platform provided regulator
ALSA: usb-audio - Avoid flood of frame-active debug messages
ALSA: snd-usb-us122l: Delete calls to preempt_disable
mfd: Put WM8994 into cache only mode when suspending
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in:
- arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-crag6410.c:
renamed speyside_wm8962 to tobermory, added littlemill right
next to it
- drivers/base/regmap/{regcache.c,regmap.c}:
duplicate diff that had already come in with other changes in
the regmap tree
Quota tools need to know whether quota is stored in a system file or in
classical aquota.{user|group} files. So pass this information as a flag
in GETINFO quotactl.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
We prefer to program in C rather than preprocessor and it fixes this
warning when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY is not set:
drivers/md/dm-table.c: In function 'dm_table_set_integrity':
drivers/md/dm-table.c:1285:3: warning: statement with no effect [-Wunused-value]
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Merge tag 'rmobile-for-linus' of git://github.com/pmundt/linux-sh
SH/R-Mobile updates for 3.3 merge window.
* tag 'rmobile-for-linus' of git://github.com/pmundt/linux-sh: (32 commits)
arm: mach-shmobile: add a resource name for shdma
ARM: mach-shmobile: r8a7779 SMP support V3
ARM: mach-shmobile: Add kota2 defconfig.
ARM: mach-shmobile: Add marzen defconfig.
ARM: mach-shmobile: r8a7779 power domain support V2
ARM: mach-shmobile: Fix up marzen build for recent GIC changes.
ARM: mach-shmobile: r8a7779 PFC function support
ARM: mach-shmobile: Flush caches in platform_cpu_die()
ARM: mach-shmobile: Allow SoC specific CPU kill code
ARM: mach-shmobile: Fix headsmp.S code to use CPUINIT
ARM: mach-shmobile: clock-r8a7779: clkz/clkzs support
ARM: mach-shmobile: clock-r8a7779: add DIV4 clock support
ARM: mach-shmobile: Marzen LAN89218 support
ARM: mach-shmobile: Marzen SCIF2/SCIF4 support
ARM: mach-shmobile: r8a7779 PFC GPIO-only support V2
ARM: mach-shmobile: r8a7779 and Marzen base support V2
sh: pfc: Unlock register support
sh: pfc: Variable bitfield width config register support
sh: pfc: Add config_reg_helper() function
sh: pfc: Convert index to field and value pair
...
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Merge tag 'sh-for-linus' of git://github.com/pmundt/linux-sh
SuperH updates for 3.3 merge window.
* tag 'sh-for-linus' of git://github.com/pmundt/linux-sh: (38 commits)
sh: magicpanelr2: Update for parse_mtd_partitions() fallout.
sh: mach-rsk: Update for parse_mtd_partitions() fallout.
sh: sh2a: Improve cache flush/invalidate functions
sh: also without PM_RUNTIME pm_runtime.o must be built
sh: add a resource name for shdma
sh: Remove redundant try_to_freeze() invocations.
sh: Ensure IRQs are enabled across do_notify_resume().
sh: Fix up store queue code for subsys_interface changes.
sh: clkfwk: sh_clk_init_parent() should be called after clk_register()
sh: add platform_device for renesas_usbhs in board-sh7757lcr
sh: modify clock-sh7757 for renesas_usbhs
sh: pfc: ioremap() support
sh: use ioread32/iowrite32 and mapped_reg for div6
sh: use ioread32/iowrite32 and mapped_reg for div4
sh: use ioread32/iowrite32 and mapped_reg for mstp32
sh: extend clock struct with mapped_reg member
sh: clkfwk: clock-sh73a0: all div6_clks use SH_CLK_DIV6_EXT()
sh: clkfwk: clock-sh7724: all div6_clks use SH_CLK_DIV6_EXT()
sh: clock-sh7723: add CLKDEV_ICK_ID for cleanup
serial: sh-sci: Handle GPIO function requests.
...
Handle thaw, restore and freeze notifications from the PM core. Expose
these to individual virtio drivers that can quiesce and resume vq
operations. For drivers not implementing the thaw() method, use the
restore method instead.
These functions also save device-specific data so that the device can be
put in pre-suspend state after resume, and disable and enable the PCI
device in the freeze and resume functions, respectively.
Signed-off-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Based on patch by Christoph for virtio_blk speedup:
Split virtqueue_kick to be able to do the actual notification
outside the lock protecting the virtqueue. This patch was
originally done by Stefan Hajnoczi, but I can't find the
original one anymore and had to recreated it from memory.
Pointers to the original or corrections for the commit message
are welcome.
Stefan's patch was here:
a6d06644e3http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-virtualization/msg14616.html
Third time's the charm!
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Remove wrapper functions. This makes the allocation type explicit in
all callers; I used GPF_KERNEL where it seemed obvious, left it at
GFP_ATOMIC otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
The old documentation is left over from when we used a structure with
strategy pointers.
And move the documentation to the C file as per kernel practice.
Though I disagree...
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
We were cheating with our barriers; using the smp ones rather than the
real device ones. That was fine, until rpmsg came along, which is
used to talk to a real device (a non-SMP CPU).
Unfortunately, just putting back the real barriers (reverting
d57ed95d) causes a performance regression on virtio-pci. In
particular, Amos reports netbench's TCP_RR over virtio_net CPU
utilization increased up to 35% while throughput went down by up to
14%.
By comparison, this branch is in the noise.
Reference: https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/12/11/22
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Host may now use MMC_CAP2_NO_SLEEP_CMD to disable the use
of eMMC sleep/awake command.
This option can be used when your platform has a buggy
kernel crash dump software, which is supposed to store
the dump on the eMMC, but is not able to wake up the eMMC
from sleep state.
In particular, failures have been seen with u-boot; even if
it is fixed there, platforms will be slow to update their
bootloader binaries.
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@stericsson.com>
Reviewed-by: Hanumath Prasad <hanumath.prasad@stericsson.com>
Reviewed-by: Srinidhi Kasagar <srinidhi.kasagar@stericsson.com>
Acked-by: Subhash Jadavani <subhashj@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Even if a driver provides separate card detection, an interrupt
is still needed to abort mmc requests that are in progress.
SDHCI_QUIRK2_OWN_CARD_DETECTION prevents that, so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Add a means of getting platform data for the SDHCI PCI
devices. The data is stored against the slot not the
device in order to support multi-slot devices.
The data allows platform-specific setup (such as getting
GPIO numbers from firmware or setting up wl12xx for SDIO)
to be done in platform support files instead of the
sdhci-pci driver.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
This patch adds a primitive helper to support card hotplug detection on
platforms, where a GPIO, capable of producing interrupts, is used for
detection of card-insertion and -removal events.
Signed-off-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
SD/MMC controllers provide different card insertion and removal detection
methods. On some of them the controller itself issues an interrupt, on
others polling is used, on yet others auxiliary means are used for this
purpose, e.g., a GPIO IRQ. Further, on some systems one of those methods
can be chosen at driver probing time and configured in software. E.g., on
some systems the SD/MMC controller card hot-plug detection pin can be
configured either as a respective controller functions, or an IRQ-capable
GPIO. To support such flexible configurations a card hot-plug context
is added by this patch.
Signed-off-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
This patch adds another capabilities field for MMC_CAPS2_XXX.
Signed-off-by: Seungwon Jeon <tgih.jun@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Enable boot partitions to be read-only locked until next power on via
a sysfs entry. There will be one sysfs entry for each boot partition:
/sys/block/mmcblkXbootY/ro_lock_until_next_power_on
Each boot partition is locked by writing 1 to its file.
Signed-off-by: Johan Rudholm <johan.rudholm@stericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: John Beckett <john.beckett@stericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Add a function mmc_detect_card_removed() which upper layers can use to
determine immediately if a card has been removed. This function should
be called after an I/O request fails so that all queued I/O requests
can be errored out immediately instead of waiting for the card device
to be removed.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Acked-by: Sujit Reddy Thumma <sthumma@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
This patch adds support for sdio UHS cards per the version 3.0
spec.
UHS mode is only enabled for version 3.0 cards when both the
host and the controller support UHS modes.
1.8v signaling support is removed if both the card and the
host do not support UHS. This is done to maintain
compatibility and some system/card combinations break when
1.8v signaling is enabled when the host does not support UHS.
Signed-off-by: Philip Rakity <prakity@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <Aaron.lu@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Arindam Nath <arindam.nath@amd.com>
Tested-by: Bing Zhao <bzhao@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Current clock gating framework disables the MCI clock as soon as the
request is completed and enables it when a request arrives. This aggressive
clock gating framework, when enabled, cause following issues:
When there are back-to-back requests from the Queue layer, we unnecessarily
end up disabling and enabling the clocks between these requests since 8MCLK
clock cycles is a very short duration compared to the time delay between
back to back requests reaching the MMC layer. This overhead can effect the
overall performance depending on how long the clock enable and disable
calls take which is platform dependent. For example on some platforms we
can have clock control not on the local processor, but on a different
subsystem and the time taken to perform the clock enable/disable can add
significant overhead.
Also if the host controller driver decides to disable the host clock too
when mmc_set_ios function is called with ios.clock=0, it adds additional
delay and it is highly possible that the next request had already arrived
and unnecessarily blocked in enabling the clocks. This is seen frequently
when the processor is executing at high speeds and in multi-core platforms
thus reduces the overall throughput compared to if clock gating is
disabled.
Fix this by delaying turning off the clocks by posting request on
delayed workqueue. Also cancel the unscheduled pending work, if any,
when there is access to card.
sysfs entry is provided to tune the delay as needed, default
value set to 200ms.
Signed-off-by: Sujit Reddy Thumma <sthumma@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
This patch is to expose the actual SDCLK frequency in
/sys/kernel/debug/mmcX/ios entry.
For example, if the max clk for a normal speed card is 20MHz this
is reported in /sys/kernel/debug/mmcX/ios. Unfortunately the actual
SDCLK frequency (i.e. Baseclock / divisor) is not reported at all:
for example, in that case, on Arasan HC, it should be 48/4=12 (MHz).
Signed-off-by: Giuseppe Cavallaro <peppe.cavallaro@st.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Add new macros for the high speed 50MHz case, rather than having
a confusing reuse of the value for UHS SDR50, which is 100MHz.
Reported-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
