Add a layout driver method to encode the layout type specific
opaque part of layout commit in-line in the xdr stream.
Currently, the pnfs-objects layout driver uses it to encode metadata hints
to the MDS and the blocks layout driver to commit provisionally allocated
extents to the file.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
An io_state pre-allocates an error information structure for each
possible osd-device that might error during IO. When IO is done if all
was well the io_state is freed. (as today). If the I/O has ended with an
error, the io_state is queued on a per-layout err_list. When eventually
encode_layoutreturn() is called, each error is properly encoded on the
XDR buffer and only then the io_state is removed from err_list and
de-allocated.
It is up to the io_engine to fill in the segment that fault and the type
of osd_error that occurred. By calling objlayout_io_set_result() for
each failing device.
In objio_osd:
* Allocate io-error descriptors space as part of io_state
* Use generic objlayout error reporting at end of io.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Add a layout driver method to encode the layout type specific
opaque part of layout return in-line in the xdr stream.
Currently the pnfs-objects layout driver uses it to encode i/o error
information on LAYOUTRETURN.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
[fixup layout header pointer for encode_layoutreturn]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
With the objects layout security model, we have object capabilities
that are associated with the layout and we anticipate that the server
will issue a cb_layoutrecall for any setattr that changes security
related attributes (user/group/mode/acl) or truncates the file.
Therefore, the layout is returned before issuing the setattr to avoid
the anticipated cb_layoutrecall.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
NFSv4.1 LAYOUTRETURN implementation
Currently, does not support layout-type payload encoding.
Signed-off-by: Alexandros Batsakis <batsakis@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Dean Hildebrand <dhildeb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Fred Isaman <iisaman@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Fred Isaman <iisaman@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Eshel <eshel@almaden.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhang Jingwang <zhangjingwang@nrchpc.ac.cn>
[call pnfs_return_layout right before pnfs_destroy_layout]
[remove assert_spin_locked from pnfs_clear_lseg_list]
[remove wait parameter from the layoutreturn path.]
[remove return_type field from nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
[remove range from nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
[no need to send layoutcommit from _pnfs_return_layout]
[don't wait on sync layoutreturn]
[fix layout stateid in layoutreturn args]
[fixed NULL deref in _pnfs_return_layout]
[removed recaim member of nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
With the use of the in-kernel osd library. Implement read/write
of data from/to osd-objects according to information specified
in the objects-layout.
Support for stripping over mirrors with a received stripe_unit.
There are however a few constrains which are not supported:
1. Stripe Unit must be a multiple of PAGE_SIZE
2. stripe length (stripe_unit * number_of_stripes) can not be
bigger then 32bit.
Also support raid-groups and partial-layout. Partial-layout is
when not all the groups are received on the line, addressing
only a partial range of the file.
TODO:
Only raid0! raid 4/5/6 support will come at later stage
A none supported layout will send IO through the MDS
[Important fallout from the last rebase]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Non-rpc layout driver such as for objects and blocks
implement their own I/O path and error handling logic.
Therefore bypass NFS-based error handling for these layout drivers.
[fix lseg ref-count bugs, and null de-refs]
[Fall out from: non-rpc layout drivers]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[get rid of PNFS_USE_RPC_CODE]
[get rid of __nfs4_write_done_cb]
[revert useless change in nfs4_write_done_cb]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
When a new layout is received in objio_alloc_lseg all device_ids
referenced are retrieved. The device information is queried for from MDS
and then the osd_device is looked-up from the osd-initiator library. The
devices are cached in a per-mount-point list, for later use. At unmount
all devices are "put" back to the library.
objlayout_get_deviceinfo(), objlayout_put_deviceinfo() middleware
API for retrieving device information given a device_id.
TODO: The device cache can get big. Cap its size. Keep an LRU and start
to return devices which were not used, when list gets to big, or
when new entries allocation fail.
[pnfs-obj: Bugs in new global-device-cache code]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
[use global device cache]
[use layout driver in global device cache]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
objlayout_alloc_lseg prepares an xdr_stream and calls the
raid engins objio_alloc_lseg() to allocate a private
pnfs_layout_segment.
objio_osd.c::objio_alloc_lseg() uses passed xdr_stream to
decode and store the layout_segment information in an
objio_segment struct, using the pnfs_osd_xdr.h API for
the actual parsing the layout xdr.
objlayout_free_lseg calls objio_free_lseg() to free the
allocated space.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
[removed "extern" from function definitions]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
* Add the fs/nfs/objlayout/pnfs_osd_xdr_cli.c file, which will
include the XDR encode/decode implementations for the pNFS
client objlayout driver.
[Wrong type in comments]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
* Add the pnfs_osd_xdr.h header
* defintions the pnfs_osd_layout structure including all it's
sub-types and constants.
* Declare the pnfs_osd_xdr_decode_layout API + all needed
inline helpers.
* Define the pnfs_osd_deviceaddr structure and all its subtypes and
constants.
* Declare API for decoding of a pnfs_osd_deviceaddr from XDR stream.
* Define the pnfs_osd_ioerr structure, its substructures and constants.
* Declare API for encoding of a pnfs_osd_ioerr into XDR stream.
* Define the pnfs_osd_layoutupdate structure and its substructures.
* Declare API for encoding of a pnfs_osd_layoutupdate into XDR stream.
[Remove server definitions]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
* Define the PNFS_OBJLAYOUT Kconfig option in the nfs
master Kconfig file.
* Add the objlayout driver to the Kernel's Kbuild system.
* Add the fs/nfs/objlayout/Kbuild file for building the
objlayoutdriver.ko driver
* Define fs/nfs/objlayout/objio_osd.c, register the driver on module
initialization and unregister on exit.
[pnfs-obj: remove of CONFIG_PNFS fallout]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[added "unsure" clause]
[depend on NFS_V4_1]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
A pNFS client auto-negotiates a lot of features (minorversion level,
pNFS layout type, etc.). This is convenient, but makes certain kinds of
failures hard for a user to detect.
For example, if the client falls back on 4.0, or falls back to MDS IO
because the user didn't connect to the right iscsi disks before
mounting, the only symptoms may be reduced performance, which may not be
noticed till long after the actual failure, and may be difficult for a
user to diagnose.
However, such "failures" may also be perfectly normal in some cases, so
we don't want to spam the system logs with them.
One approach would be to put some more information into
/proc/self/mountstats.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
[pnfs: add commit client stats]
[fixup data types for "ret" variables in pnfs_try_to* inline funcs.]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
[fix definition of show_pnfs for !CONFIG_PNFS]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
[nfs41: Fix show_sessions in the not CONFIG_NFS_V4_1 case]
There is a build error when CONFIG_NFS_V4 is set but
CONFIG_NFS_V4_1 is *not* set. show_sessions() prototype
was unbalanced between the two cases.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[pnfs: super.c remove CONFIG_PNFS]
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Add offset and count parameters to pnfs_update_layout and use them to get
the layout in the pageio path.
Order cache layout segments in the following order:
* offset (ascending)
* length (descending)
* iomode (RW before READ)
Test byte range against the layout segment in use in pnfs_{read,write}_pg_test
so not to coalesce pages not using the same layout segment.
[fix lseg ordering]
[clean up pnfs_find_lseg lseg arg]
[remove unnecessary FIXME]
[fix ordering in pnfs_insert_layout]
[clean up pnfs_insert_layout]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
pnfs deviceids are unique per server, per layout type.
struct nfs_client is currently used to distinguish deviceids from
different nfs servers, yet these may clash between different layout
types on the same server. Therefore, use the layout driver associated
with each deviceid at insertion time to look it up, unhash, or
delete it.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Note: This functionlaity is incomplete as all layout segments referring to
the 'to be removed device id' need to be reaped, and all in flight I/O drained.
[use be32 res in nfs4_callback_devicenotify]
[use nfs_client to qualify deviceid for cb_notify_deviceid]
[use global deviceid cache for CB_NOTIFY_DEVICEID]
[refactor device cache _lookup_deviceid]
[refactor device cache _find_get_deviceid]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
[Bug in new global-device-cache code]
[layout_driver MUST set free_deviceid_node if using dev-cache]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
The eCryptfs inode get, initialization, and dentry interposition code
has two separate paths. One is for when dentry interposition is needed
after doing things like a mkdir in the lower filesystem and the other
is needed after a lookup. Unlocking new inodes and doing a d_add() needs
to happen at different times, depending on which type of dentry
interposing is being done.
This patch cleans up the inode get and initialization code paths and
splits them up so that the locking and d_add() differences mentioned
above can be handled appropriately in a later patch.
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: David <david@unsolicited.net>
Use the pnfs_layoutdriver_type both as a qualifier for the deviceid,
distinguishing deviceid from different layout types on the server,
and for freeing the layout-driver allocated structure containing the
nfs4_deviceid_node.
[BUG in _deviceid_purge_client]
[layout_driver MUST set free_deviceid_node if using dev-cache]
[let ver < 4.1 compile]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[removed EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfs4_deviceid_purge_client)]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
These functions should live in inode.c since their focus is on inodes
and they're primarily used by functions in inode.c.
Also does a simple cleanup of ecryptfs_inode_test() and rolls
ecryptfs_init_inode() into ecryptfs_inode_set().
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: David <david@unsolicited.net>
Inspired by an analysis from Hugh on why again all this doesn't explode
in our face.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Return client directly from dm_kcopyd_client_create, not through a
parameter, making it consistent with dm_io_client_create.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Reserve just the minimum of pages needed to process one job.
Because we allocate pages from page allocator, we don't need to reserve
a large number of pages. The maximum job size is SUB_JOB_SIZE and we
calculate the number of reserved pages based on this.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Replace the arbitrary calculation of an initial io struct mempool size
with a constant.
The code calculated the number of reserved structures based on the request
size and used a "magic" multiplication constant of 4. This patch changes
it to reserve a fixed number - itself still chosen quite arbitrarily.
Further testing might show if there is a better number to choose.
Note that if there is no memory pressure, we can still allocate an
arbitrary number of "struct io" structures. One structure is enough to
process the whole request.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch changes dm-kcopyd so that it allocates pages from the main
page allocator with __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY flags (so that it can
fail in case of memory pressure). If the allocation fails, dm-kcopyd
allocates pages from its own reserve.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Introduce a parameter for gfp flags to alloc_pl() for use in following
patches.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Remove the spinlock protecting the pages allocation. The spinlock is only
taken on initialization or from single-threaded workqueue. Therefore, the
spinlock is useless.
The spinlock is taken in kcopyd_get_pages and kcopyd_put_pages.
kcopyd_get_pages is only called from run_pages_job, which is only
called from process_jobs called from do_work.
kcopyd_put_pages is called from client_alloc_pages (which is initialization
function) or from run_complete_job. run_complete_job is only called from
process_jobs called from do_work.
Another spinlock, kc->job_lock is taken each time someone pushes or pops
some work for the worker thread. Once we take kc->job_lock, we
guarantee that any written memory is visible to the other CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
There's a possible theoretical deadlock in dm-kcopyd because multiple
allocations from the same mempool are required to finish a request.
Avoid this by preallocating sub jobs.
There is a mempool of 512 entries. Each request requires up to 9
entries from the mempool. If we have at least 57 concurrent requests
running, the mempool may overflow and mempool allocations may start
blocking until another entry is freed to the mempool. Because the same
thread is used to free entries to the mempool and allocate entries from
the mempool, this may result in a deadlock.
This patch changes it so that one mempool entry contains all 9 "struct
kcopyd_job" required to fulfill the whole request. The allocation is
done only once in dm_kcopyd_copy and no further mempool allocations are
done during request processing.
If dm_kcopyd_copy is not run in the completion thread, this
implementation is deadlock-free.
MIN_JOBS needs reducing accordingly and we've chosen to reduce it
further to 8.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Don't split SUB_JOB_SIZE jobs
If the job size equals SUB_JOB_SIZE, there is no point in splitting it.
Splitting it just unnecessarily wastes time, because the split job size
is SUB_JOB_SIZE too.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Integrity errors need to be passed to the owner of the integrity
metadata for processing. Consequently EILSEQ should be passed up the
stack.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch adds a check that a block device has a request function
defined before it is used. Otherwise, misconfiguration can cause an oops.
Because we are allowing devices with zero size e.g. an offline multipath
device as in commit 2cd54d9bed
("dm: allow offline devices") there needs to be an additional check
to ensure devices are initialised. Some block devices, like a loop
device without a backing file, exist but have no request function.
Reproducer is trivial: dm-mirror on unbound loop device
(no backing file on loop devices)
dmsetup create x --table "0 8 mirror core 2 8 sync 2 /dev/loop0 0 /dev/loop1 0"
and mirror resync will immediatelly cause OOps.
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)
? generic_make_request+0x2bd/0x590
? kmem_cache_alloc+0xad/0x190
submit_bio+0x53/0xe0
? bio_add_page+0x3b/0x50
dispatch_io+0x1ca/0x210 [dm_mod]
? read_callback+0x0/0xd0 [dm_mirror]
dm_io+0xbb/0x290 [dm_mod]
do_mirror+0x1e0/0x748 [dm_mirror]
Signed-off-by: Milan Broz <mbroz@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Zdenek Kabelac <zkabelac@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Permit a target to support discards regardless of whether or not all its
underlying devices do.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Quite a few functions that get called from the tlb gather code require that
preemption must be disabled. So disable preemption inside of the called
functions instead.
The only drawback is that rcu_table_freelist_finish() doesn't get necessarily
called on the cpu(s) that filled the free lists. So we may see a delay, until
we finally see an rcu callback. However over time this shouldn't matter.
So we get rid of lots of "BUG: using smp_processor_id() in preemptible"
messages.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
page_get_storage_key() and page_set_storage_key() expect a page address
and not its page frame number. This got inconsistent with 2d42552d
"[S390] merge page_test_dirty and page_clear_dirty".
Result is that we read/write storage keys from random pages and do not
have a working dirty bit tracking at all.
E.g. SetPageUpdate() doesn't clear the dirty bit of requested pages, which
for example ext4 doesn't like very much and panics after a while.
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual user address (null)
Oops: 0004 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 Not tainted 2.6.39-07551-g139f37f-dirty #152
Process flush-94:0 (pid: 1576, task: 000000003eb34538, ksp: 000000003c287b70)
Krnl PSW : 0704c00180000000 0000000000316b12 (jbd2_journal_file_inode+0x10e/0x138)
R:0 T:1 IO:1 EX:1 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:0 PM:0 EA:3
Krnl GPRS: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0700000000000000
0000000000316a62 000000003eb34cd0 0000000000000025 000000003c287b88
0000000000000001 000000003c287a70 000000003f1ec678 000000003f1ec000
0000000000000000 000000003e66ec00 0000000000316a62 000000003c287988
Krnl Code: 0000000000316b04: f0a0000407f4 srp 4(11,%r0),2036,0
0000000000316b0a: b9020022 ltgr %r2,%r2
0000000000316b0e: a7740015 brc 7,316b38
>0000000000316b12: e3d0c0000024 stg %r13,0(%r12)
0000000000316b18: 4120c010 la %r2,16(%r12)
0000000000316b1c: 4130d060 la %r3,96(%r13)
0000000000316b20: e340d0600004 lg %r4,96(%r13)
0000000000316b26: c0e50002b567 brasl %r14,36d5f4
Call Trace:
([<0000000000316a62>] jbd2_journal_file_inode+0x5e/0x138)
[<00000000002da13c>] mpage_da_map_and_submit+0x2e8/0x42c
[<00000000002daac2>] ext4_da_writepages+0x2da/0x504
[<00000000002597e8>] writeback_single_inode+0xf8/0x268
[<0000000000259f06>] writeback_sb_inodes+0xd2/0x18c
[<000000000025a700>] writeback_inodes_wb+0x80/0x168
[<000000000025aa92>] wb_writeback+0x2aa/0x324
[<000000000025abde>] wb_do_writeback+0xd2/0x274
[<000000000025ae3a>] bdi_writeback_thread+0xba/0x1c4
[<00000000001737be>] kthread+0xa6/0xb0
[<000000000056c1da>] kernel_thread_starter+0x6/0xc
[<000000000056c1d4>] kernel_thread_starter+0x0/0xc
INFO: lockdep is turned off.
Last Breaking-Event-Address:
[<0000000000316a8a>] jbd2_journal_file_inode+0x86/0x138
Reported-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Move deviceid cache from the pnfs files layout driver to the
generic layer in preparation for the objects layout driver.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
deviceids are unique per server, per layout type.
Therefore, in the global cache in the files layout driver
deviceids from different servers may clash so we need
to qualify them with a struct nfs_client that represents
the nfs server that returned the deviceid.
Introduced in 2.6.39 commit ea8eecdd
"NFSv4.1 move deviceid cache to filelayout driver"
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
mwait_idle() is a C1-only idle loop intended to be more efficient
than HLT on SMP hardware that supports it.
But mwait_idle() has been replaced by the more general
mwait_idle_with_hints(), which handles both C1 and deeper C-states.
ACPI uses only mwait_idle_with_hints(), and never uses mwait_idle().
Deprecate mwait_idle() and the "idle=mwait" cmdline param
to simplify the x86 idle code.
After this change, kernels configured with
(!CONFIG_ACPI=n && !CONFIG_INTEL_IDLE=n) when run on hardware
that support MWAIT will simply use HLT. If MWAIT is desired
on those systems, cpuidle and the cpuidle drivers above
can be used.
cc: x86@kernel.org
cc: stable@kernel.org # .39.x
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We'd rather that modern machines not check if HLT works on
every entry into idle, for the benefit of machines that had
marginal electricals 15-years ago. If those machines are still running
the upstream kernel, they can use "idle=poll". The only difference
will be that they'll now invoke HLT in machine_hlt().
cc: x86@kernel.org # .39.x
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We don't want to export the pm_idle function pointer to modules.
Currently CONFIG_APM_CPU_IDLE w/ CONFIG_APM_MODULE forces us to.
CONFIG_APM_CPU_IDLE is of dubious value, it runs only on 32-bit
uniprocessor laptops that are over 10 years old. It calls into
the BIOS during idle, and is known to cause a number of machines
to fail.
Removing CONFIG_APM_CPU_IDLE and will allow us to stop exporting
pm_idle. Any systems that were calling into the APM BIOS
at run-time will simply use HLT instead.
cc: x86@kernel.org
cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
cc: stable@kernel.org # .39.x
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Plan to remove floppy_disable_hlt in 2012, an ancient
workaround with comments that it should be removed.
This allows us to remove clutter and a run-time branch
from the idle code.
WARN_ONCE() on invocation until it is removed.
cc: x86@kernel.org
cc: stable@kernel.org # .39.x
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
In the long run, we don't want default_idle() or (pm_idle)() to
be exported outside of process.c. Start by not exporting them
to modules, unless the APM build demands it.
cc: x86@kernel.org
cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
