Replace the specification of a data structure by a pointer dereference
as the parameter for the operator "sizeof" to make the corresponding size
determination a bit safer according to the Linux coding style convention.
This issue was detected by using the Coccinelle software.
Signed-off-by: Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net>
Acked-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Omit an extra message for a memory allocation failure in this function.
This issue was detected by using the Coccinelle software.
Signed-off-by: Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net>
Acked-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
As we need to add GPIO lookup tables to the OMAP platforms, we
need to reference each GPIO chip with a unique label. Use the GPIO
base to name each chip, "gpio-0-31", "gpio-32-63" etc.
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-omap@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Hence, series from Thierry Reding [1] merged - the OMAP GPIO driver can be
switched to reuse new feature and just fill new struct gpio_irq_chip before
calling gpiochip_add_data() instead of using few separate gpioirq chip
APIs. gpiochip_add_data() will do the job and create and initialize gpioirq
chip
[1] https://www.mail-archive.com/linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org/msg1531592.html
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
CORE:
- Fix the semantics of raw GPIO to actually be raw. No
inversion semantics as before, but also no open draining,
and allow the raw operations to affect lines used for
interrupts as the caller supposedly knows what they are
doing if they are getting the big hammer.
- Rewrote the __inner_function() notation calls to names that
make more sense. I just find this kind of code disturbing.
- Drop the .irq_base() field from the gpiochip since now all
IRQs are mapped dynamically. This is nice.
- Support for .get_multiple() in the core driver API. This
allows us to read several GPIO lines with a single
register read. This has high value for some usecases: it
can be used to create oscilloscopes and signal analyzers
and other things that rely on reading several lines at
exactly the same instant. Also a generally nice
optimization. This uses the new assign_bit() macro from
the bitops lib that was ACKed by Andrew Morton and
is implemented for two drivers, one of them being the
generic MMIO driver so everyone using that will be able
to benefit from this.
- Do not allow requests of Open Drain and Open Source
setting of a GPIO line simultaneously. If the hardware
actually supports enabling both at the same time the
electrical result would be disastrous.
- A new interrupt chip core helper. This will be helpful
to deal with "banked" GPIOs, which means GPIO controllers
with several logical blocks of GPIO inside them. This
is several gpiochips per device in the device model, in
contrast to the case when there is a 1-to-1 relationship
between a device and a gpiochip.
NEW DRIVERS:
- Maxim MAX3191x industrial serializer, a very interesting
piece of professional I/O hardware.
- Uniphier GPIO driver. This is the GPIO block from the
recent Socionext (ex Fujitsu and Panasonic) platform.
- Tegra 186 driver. This is based on the new banked GPIO
infrastructure.
OTHER IMPROVEMENTS:
- Some documentation improvements.
- Wakeup support for the DesignWare DWAPB GPIO controller.
- Reset line support on the DesignWare DWAPB GPIO controller.
- Several non-critical bug fixes and improvements for the
Broadcom BRCMSTB driver.
- Misc non-critical bug fixes like exotic errorpaths, removal
of dead code etc.
- Explicit comments on fall-through switch() statements.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----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=8Mon
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Merge tag 'gpio-v4.15-1' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio
Pull GPIO updates from Linus Walleij:
"This is the bulk of GPIO changes for the v4.15 kernel cycle:
Core:
- Fix the semantics of raw GPIO to actually be raw. No inversion
semantics as before, but also no open draining, and allow the raw
operations to affect lines used for interrupts as the caller
supposedly knows what they are doing if they are getting the big
hammer.
- Rewrote the __inner_function() notation calls to names that make
more sense. I just find this kind of code disturbing.
- Drop the .irq_base() field from the gpiochip since now all IRQs are
mapped dynamically. This is nice.
- Support for .get_multiple() in the core driver API. This allows us
to read several GPIO lines with a single register read. This has
high value for some usecases: it can be used to create
oscilloscopes and signal analyzers and other things that rely on
reading several lines at exactly the same instant. Also a generally
nice optimization. This uses the new assign_bit() macro from the
bitops lib that was ACKed by Andrew Morton and is implemented for
two drivers, one of them being the generic MMIO driver so everyone
using that will be able to benefit from this.
- Do not allow requests of Open Drain and Open Source setting of a
GPIO line simultaneously. If the hardware actually supports
enabling both at the same time the electrical result would be
disastrous.
- A new interrupt chip core helper. This will be helpful to deal with
"banked" GPIOs, which means GPIO controllers with several logical
blocks of GPIO inside them. This is several gpiochips per device in
the device model, in contrast to the case when there is a 1-to-1
relationship between a device and a gpiochip.
New drivers:
- Maxim MAX3191x industrial serializer, a very interesting piece of
professional I/O hardware.
- Uniphier GPIO driver. This is the GPIO block from the recent
Socionext (ex Fujitsu and Panasonic) platform.
- Tegra 186 driver. This is based on the new banked GPIO
infrastructure.
Other improvements:
- Some documentation improvements.
- Wakeup support for the DesignWare DWAPB GPIO controller.
- Reset line support on the DesignWare DWAPB GPIO controller.
- Several non-critical bug fixes and improvements for the Broadcom
BRCMSTB driver.
- Misc non-critical bug fixes like exotic errorpaths, removal of dead
code etc.
- Explicit comments on fall-through switch() statements"
* tag 'gpio-v4.15-1' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio: (65 commits)
gpio: tegra186: Remove tegra186_gpio_lock_class
gpio: rcar: Add r8a77995 (R-Car D3) support
pinctrl: bcm2835: Fix some merge fallout
gpio: Fix undefined lock_dep_class
gpio: Automatically add lockdep keys
gpio: Introduce struct gpio_irq_chip.first
gpio: Disambiguate struct gpio_irq_chip.nested
gpio: Add Tegra186 support
gpio: Export gpiochip_irq_{map,unmap}()
gpio: Implement tighter IRQ chip integration
gpio: Move lock_key into struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irq_valid_mask into struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irq_nested into struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irq_chained_parent to struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irq_default_type to struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irq_handler to struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irqdomain into struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Move irqchip into struct gpio_irq_chip
gpio: Introduce struct gpio_irq_chip
pinctrl: armada-37xx: remove unused variable
...
In order to consolidate the multiple ways to associate an IRQ chip with
a GPIO chip, move more fields into the new struct gpio_irq_chip.
Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Now acking of edge irqs happens the following way:
- omap_gpio_irq_handler
- "isr" = read irq status
- omap_clear_gpio_irqbank(bank, isr_saved & ~level_mask);
^ clear edge status, so irq can be accepted
- loop while "isr"
generic_handle_irq()
- handle_edge_irq()
- desc->irq_data.chip->irq_ack(&desc->irq_data);
- omap_gpio_ack_irq()
it might be that at this moment edge IRQ was triggered again and it will be
cleared and IRQ will be lost.
Use handle_simple_irq and clear edge interrupts early without disabling them in
omap_gpio_irq_handler to avoid loosing interrupts.
[1] https://marc.info/?l=linux-omap&m=149004465313534&w=2
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Ladislav Michl <ladis@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The probe function calls omap_gpio_show_rev(), which on most
compilers is inlined, but on the old gcc-4.6 is not, causing
a valid warning about the incorrect __init annotation:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x40f614): Section mismatch in reference from the function omap_gpio_probe() to the function .init.text:omap_gpio_show_rev()
The function omap_gpio_probe() references
the function __init omap_gpio_show_rev().
This is often because omap_gpio_probe lacks a __init
annotation or the annotation of omap_gpio_show_rev is wrong.
This removes the __init.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
omap_gpio_probe() can fail here and we must disable clock.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
omap_gpio_debounce() does not validate that the requested debounce
is within a range it can handle. Instead it lets the register value
wrap silently, and always returns success.
This can lead to all sorts of unexpected behavior, such as gpio_keys
asking for a too-long debounce, but getting a very short debounce in
practice.
Fix this by returning -EINVAL if the requested value does not fit into
the register field. If there is no debounce clock available at all,
return -ENOTSUPP.
Fixes: e85ec6c304 ("gpio: omap: fix omap2_set_gpio_debounce")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.3+
Signed-off-by: David Rivshin <drivshin@allworx.com>
Acked-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This driver never frees the allocated interrupt descriptors. Fix it by
using a resource managed variant of irq_alloc_descs().
Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Currently we already have two pin configuration related callbacks
available for GPIO chips .set_single_ended() and .set_debounce(). In
future we expect to have even more, which does not scale well if we need
to add yet another callback to the GPIO chip structure for each possible
configuration parameter.
Better solution is to reuse what we already have available in the
generic pinconf.
To support this, we introduce a new .set_config() callback for GPIO
chips. The callback takes a single packed pin configuration value as
parameter. This can then be extended easily beyond what is currently
supported by just adding new types to the generic pinconf enum.
If the GPIO driver is backed up by a pinctrl driver the GPIO driver can
just assign gpiochip_generic_config() (introduced in this patch) to
.set_config and that will take care configuration requests are directed
to the pinctrl driver.
We then convert the existing drivers over .set_config() and finally
remove the .set_single_ended() and .set_debounce() callbacks.
Suggested-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Now GPIO IRQ loss is observed on dra7-evm after suspend/resume cycle
in the following case:
extcon_usb1(id_irq) -> pcf8575.gpio1 -> omapgpio6.gpio11 -> gic
the extcon_usb1 is wake up source and it enables IRQ wake up for
id_irq by calling enable/disable_irq_wake() during suspend/resume
which, in turn, causes execution of omap_gpio_wake_enable(). And
omap_gpio_wake_enable() will set/clear corresponding bit in
GPIO_IRQWAKEN_x register.
omapgpio6 configuration after boot - wakeup is enabled for GPIO IRQs
by default from omap_gpio_irq_type:
GPIO_IRQSTATUS_SET_0 | 0x00000400
GPIO_IRQSTATUS_CLR_0 | 0x00000400
GPIO_IRQWAKEN_0 | 0x00000400
GPIO_RISINGDETECT | 0x00000000
GPIO_FALLINGDETECT | 0x00000400
omapgpio6 configuration after after suspend/resume cycle:
GPIO_IRQSTATUS_SET_0 | 0x00000400
GPIO_IRQSTATUS_CLR_0 | 0x00000400
GPIO_IRQWAKEN_0 | 0x00000000 <---
GPIO_RISINGDETECT | 0x00000000
GPIO_FALLINGDETECT | 0x00000400
As result, system will start to lose interrupts from pcf8575 GPIO
expander, because when OMAP GPIO IP is in smart-idle wakeup mode, there
is no guarantee that transition(s) on input non wake up GPIO pin will
trigger asynchronous wake-up request to PRCM and then IRQ generation.
IRQ will be generated when GPIO is in active mode - for example, some
time after accessing GPIO bank registers IRQs will be generated
normally, but issue will happen again once PRCM will put GPIO in low
power smart-idle wakeup mode.
Note 1. Issue is not reproduced if debounce clk is enabled for GPIO
bank.
Note 2. Issue hardly reproducible if GPIO pins group contains both
wakeup/non-wakeup gpios - for example, it will be hard to reproduce
issue with pin2 if GPIO_IRQWAKEN_0=0x1 GPIO_IRQSTATUS_SET_0=0x3
GPIO_FALLINGDETECT = 0x3 (TRM "Power Saving by Grouping the Edge/Level
Detection").
Note 3. There nothing common bitween System wake up and OMAP GPIO bank
IP wake up logic - the last one defines how the GPIO bank ON-IDLE-ON
transition will happen inside SoC under control of PRCM.
Hence, fix the problem by removing omap_set_gpio_wakeup() function
completely and so keeping always in sync GPIO IRQ mask/unmask
(IRQSTATUS_SET) and wake up enable (GPIO_IRQWAKEN) bits; and adding
IRQCHIP_MASK_ON_SUSPEND flag in OMAP GPIO irqchip. That way non wakeup
GPIO IRQs will be properly masked/unmask by IRQ PM core during
suspend/resume cycle.
Cc: Roger Quadros <rogerq@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
GPIO chip structure already has "parent" field which is used for the
same purpose as "dev" field in gpio_bank structure - store pointer on
GPIO device.
Hence, drop duplicated "dev" field from gpio_bank structure.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This makes the driver use the data pointer added to the gpio_chip
to store a pointer to the state container instead of relying on
container_of().
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Originally OMAP MPUIO GPIO irqchip was implemented using Generic irq
chip, but after set of reworks Generic irq chip code was replaced by
common OMAP GPIO implementation and finally removed by
commit d2d05c65c4 ("gpio: omap: Fix regression for MPUIO interrupts").
Unfortunately, above commit left .irq_mask/unmask callbacks assigned
as below for MPUIO GPIO case:
irqc->irq_mask = irq_gc_mask_set_bit;
irqc->irq_unmask = irq_gc_mask_clr_bit;
This now causes boot failure on OMAP1 platforms, after
commit 450fa54cfd ("gpio: omap: convert to use generic irq handler")
which forces these callbacks to be called during GPIO IRQs mapping
from gpiochip_irq_map:
Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000
pgd = c0004000
[00000000] *pgd=00000000
Internal error: Oops: 75 [#1] ARM
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.4.0-rc1-e3-los_afe0c+-00002-g25379c0-dirty #1
Hardware name: Amstrad E3 (Delta)
task: c1836000 ti: c1838000 task.ti: c1838000
PC is at irq_gc_mask_set_bit+0x1c/0x60
LR is at __irq_do_set_handler+0x118/0x15c
pc : [<c004848c>] lr : [<c0047d4c>] psr: 600000d3
sp : c1839c90 ip : c1862c64 fp : c1839c9c
r10: 00000000 r9 : c0411950 r8 : c0411bbc
r7 : 00000000 r6 : c185c310 r5 : c00444e8 r4 : c185c300
r3 : c1854b50 r2 : 00000000 r1 : 00000000 r0 : c185c310
Flags: nZCv IRQs off FIQs off Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment kernel
Control: 0000317f Table: 10004000 DAC: 00000057
Process swapper (pid: 1, stack limit = 0xc1838190)
Stack: (0xc1839c90 to 0xc183a000)
[...]
Backtrace:
[<c0048470>] (irq_gc_mask_set_bit) from [<c0047d4c>] (__irq_do_set_handler+0x118/0x15c)
[<c0047c34>] (__irq_do_set_handler) from [<c0047dd4>] (__irq_set_handler+0x44/0x5c)
r6:00000000 r5:c00444e8 r4:c185c300
[<c0047d90>] (__irq_set_handler) from [<c0047e1c>] (irq_set_chip_and_handler_name+0x30/0x34)
r7:00000050 r6:00000000 r5:c00444e8 r4:00000050
[<c0047dec>] (irq_set_chip_and_handler_name) from [<c01b345c>] (gpiochip_irq_map+0x3c/0x8c)
r7:00000050 r6:00000000 r5:00000050 r4:c1862c64
[<c01b3420>] (gpiochip_irq_map) from [<c0049670>] (irq_domain_associate+0x7c/0x1c4)
r5:c185c310 r4:c185cb00
[<c00495f4>] (irq_domain_associate) from [<c0049894>] (irq_domain_add_simple+0x98/0xc0)
r8:c0411bbc r7:c185cb00 r6:00000050 r5:00000010 r4:00000001
[<c00497fc>] (irq_domain_add_simple) from [<c01b3328>] (_gpiochip_irqchip_add+0x64/0x10c)
r7:c1862c64 r6:c0419280 r5:c1862c64 r4:c1854b50
[<c01b32c4>] (_gpiochip_irqchip_add) from [<c01b79f4>] (omap_gpio_probe+0x2fc/0x63c)
r5:c1854b50 r4:c1862c10
[<c01b76f8>] (omap_gpio_probe) from [<c01fcf58>] (platform_drv_probe+0x2c/0x64)
r10:00000000 r9:c03e45e8 r8:00000000 r7:c0419294 r6:c0411984 r5:c0419294
r4:c0411950
[<c01fcf2c>] (platform_drv_probe) from [<c01fb668>] (really_probe+0x160/0x29c)
Hence, fix it by remove obsolete callbacks assignment. After this
change omap_gpio_mask_irq()/omap_gpio_unmask_irq() will be used
for MPUIO IRQs masking, but this now happens anyway from
omap_gpio_irq_startup/shutdown().
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Fixes: commit d2d05c65c4 ("gpio: omap: Fix regression for MPUIO interrupts")
Reported-by: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The name .dev in a struct is normally reserved for a struct device
that is let us say a superclass to the thing described by the struct.
struct gpio_chip stands out by confusingly using a struct device *dev
to point to the parent device (such as a platform_device) that
represents the hardware. As we want to give gpio_chip:s real devices,
this is not working. We need to rename this member to parent.
This was done by two coccinelle scripts, I guess it is possible to
combine them into one, but I don't know such stuff. They look like
this:
@@
struct gpio_chip *var;
@@
-var->dev
+var->parent
and:
@@
struct gpio_chip var;
@@
-var.dev
+var.parent
and:
@@
struct bgpio_chip *var;
@@
-var->gc.dev
+var->gc.parent
Plus a few instances of bgpio that I couldn't figure out how
to teach Coccinelle to rewrite.
This patch hits all over the place, but I *strongly* prefer this
solution to any piecemal approaches that just exercise patch
mechanics all over the place. It mainly hits drivers/gpio and
drivers/pinctrl which is my own backyard anyway.
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Rafał Miłecki <zajec5@gmail.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Alek Du <alek.du@intel.com>
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Acked-by: Jacek Anaszewski <j.anaszewski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This patch fixes below static checker warning by changing
type of irq field in struct gpio_bank from u16 to int.
drivers/gpio/gpio-omap.c:1191 omap_gpio_probe()
warn: assigning (-6) to unsigned variable 'bank->irq'
drivers/gpio/gpio-omap.c
1188 bank->irq = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
1189 if (bank->irq <= 0) {
bank->irq is u16.
1190 if (!bank->irq)
1191 bank->irq = -ENXIO;
Does not work.
1192 if (bank->irq != -EPROBE_DEFER)
Does not work.
1193 dev_err(dev,
1194 "can't get irq resource ret=%d\n", bank->irq);
1195 return bank->irq;
1196 }
Fixes: commit 89d18e3af8: "gpio: omap: switch to use platform_get_irq"
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This patch converts TI OMAP GPIO driver to use generic irq handler
instead of chained IRQ handler. This way OMAP GPIO driver will be
compatible with RT kernel where it will be forced thread IRQ handler
while in non-RT kernel it still will be executed in HW IRQ context.
As part of this change the IRQ wakeup configuration is applied to
GPIO Bank IRQ as it now will be under control of IRQ PM Core during
suspend.
There are also additional benefits:
- on-RT kernel there will be no complains any more about PM runtime usage
in atomic context "BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context";
- GPIO bank IRQs will appear in /proc/interrupts and its usage statistic
will be visible;
- GPIO bank IRQs could be configured through IRQ proc_fs interface and,
as result, could be a part of IRQ balancing process if needed;
- GPIO bank IRQs will be under control of IRQ PM Core during
suspend to RAM.
Disadvantage:
- additional runtime overhed as call chain till
omap_gpio_irq_handler() will be longer now
- necessity to use wa_lock in omap_gpio_irq_handler() to W/A warning
in handle_irq_event_percpu()
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 35 at kernel/irq/handle.c:149 handle_irq_event_percpu+0x51c/0x638()
This patch doesn't fully follows recommendations provided by Sebastian
Andrzej Siewior [1], because It's required to go through and check all
GPIO IRQ pin states as fast as possible and pass control to handle_level_irq
or handle_edge_irq. handle_level_irq or handle_edge_irq will perform actions
specific for IRQ triggering type and wakeup corresponding registered
threaded IRQ handler (at least it's expected to be threaded).
IRQs can be lost if handle_nested_irq() will be used, because excecution
time of some pin specific GPIO IRQ handler can be very significant and
require accessing ext. devices (I2C).
Idea of such kind reworking was also discussed in [2].
[1] http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-omap/msg120665.html
[2] http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-omap/msg119516.html
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Tested-by: Austin Schuh <austin@peloton-tech.com>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The PM runtime API can't be used in atomic contex on -RT even if
it's configured as irqsafe. As result, below error report can
be seen when PM runtime API called from IRQ chip's callbacks
irq_startup/irq_shutdown/irq_set_type, because they are
protected by RAW spinlock:
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/rtmutex.c:917
in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 128, pid: 96, name: insmod
3 locks held by insmod/96:
#0: (&dev->mutex){......}, at: [<c04752c8>] __driver_attach+0x54/0xa0
#1: (&dev->mutex){......}, at: [<c04752d4>] __driver_attach+0x60/0xa0
#2: (class){......}, at: [<c00a408c>] __irq_get_desc_lock+0x60/0xa4
irq event stamp: 1834
hardirqs last enabled at (1833): [<c06ab2a4>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x88/0x90
hardirqs last disabled at (1834): [<c06ab068>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x2c/0x64
softirqs last enabled at (0): [<c003d220>] copy_process.part.52+0x410/0x19d8
softirqs last disabled at (0): [< (null)>] (null)
Preemption disabled at:[< (null)>] (null)
CPU: 1 PID: 96 Comm: insmod Tainted: G W O 4.1.3-rt3-00618-g57e2387-dirty #184
Hardware name: Generic DRA74X (Flattened Device Tree)
[<c00190f4>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c0014734>] (show_stack+0x20/0x24)
[<c0014734>] (show_stack) from [<c06a62ec>] (dump_stack+0x88/0xdc)
[<c06a62ec>] (dump_stack) from [<c006ca44>] (___might_sleep+0x198/0x2a8)
[<c006ca44>] (___might_sleep) from [<c06ab6d4>] (rt_spin_lock+0x30/0x70)
[<c06ab6d4>] (rt_spin_lock) from [<c04815ac>] (__pm_runtime_resume+0x68/0xa4)
[<c04815ac>] (__pm_runtime_resume) from [<c04123f4>] (omap_gpio_irq_type+0x188/0x1d8)
[<c04123f4>] (omap_gpio_irq_type) from [<c00a64e4>] (__irq_set_trigger+0x68/0x130)
[<c00a64e4>] (__irq_set_trigger) from [<c00a7bc4>] (irq_set_irq_type+0x44/0x6c)
[<c00a7bc4>] (irq_set_irq_type) from [<c00abbf8>] (irq_create_of_mapping+0x120/0x174)
[<c00abbf8>] (irq_create_of_mapping) from [<c0577b74>] (of_irq_get+0x48/0x58)
[<c0577b74>] (of_irq_get) from [<c0540a14>] (i2c_device_probe+0x54/0x15c)
[<c0540a14>] (i2c_device_probe) from [<c04750dc>] (driver_probe_device+0x184/0x2c8)
[<c04750dc>] (driver_probe_device) from [<c0475310>] (__driver_attach+0x9c/0xa0)
[<c0475310>] (__driver_attach) from [<c0473238>] (bus_for_each_dev+0x7c/0xb0)
[<c0473238>] (bus_for_each_dev) from [<c0474af4>] (driver_attach+0x28/0x30)
[<c0474af4>] (driver_attach) from [<c0474760>] (bus_add_driver+0x154/0x200)
[<c0474760>] (bus_add_driver) from [<c0476348>] (driver_register+0x88/0x108)
[<c0476348>] (driver_register) from [<c0541600>] (i2c_register_driver+0x3c/0x90)
[<c0541600>] (i2c_register_driver) from [<bf003018>] (pcf857x_init+0x18/0x24 [gpio_pcf857x])
[<bf003018>] (pcf857x_init [gpio_pcf857x]) from [<c000998c>] (do_one_initcall+0x128/0x1e8)
[<c000998c>] (do_one_initcall) from [<c06a4220>] (do_init_module+0x6c/0x1bc)
[<c06a4220>] (do_init_module) from [<c00dd0c8>] (load_module+0x18e8/0x21c4)
[<c00dd0c8>] (load_module) from [<c00ddaa0>] (SyS_init_module+0xfc/0x158)
[<c00ddaa0>] (SyS_init_module) from [<c000ff40>] (ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x54)
The IRQ chip interface defines only two callbacks which are executed in
non-atomic contex - irq_bus_lock/irq_bus_sync_unlock, so lets move
PM runtime calls there.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Tested-by: Austin Schuh <austin@peloton-tech.com>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Pull irq updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is a rather large update post rc1 due to the final steps of
cleanups and API changes which had to wait for the preparatory patches
to hit your tree.
- Regression fixes for ARM GIC irqchips
- Regression fixes and lockdep anotations for renesas irq chips
- The leftovers of the cleanup and preparatory patches which have
been ignored by maintainers
- Final conversions of the newly merged users of obsolete APIs
- Final removal of obsolete APIs
- Final removal of ARM artifacts which had been introduced during the
conversion of ARM to the generic interrupt code.
- Final split of the irq_data into chip specific and common data to
reflect the needs of hierarchical irq domains.
- Treewide removal of the first argument of interrupt flow handlers,
i.e. the irq number, which is not used by the majority of handlers
and simple to retrieve from the other argument the irq descriptor.
- A few comment updates and build warning fixes"
* 'irq-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (40 commits)
arm64: Remove ununsed set_irq_flags
ARM: Remove ununsed set_irq_flags
sh: Kill off set_irq_flags usage
irqchip: Kill off set_irq_flags usage
gpu/drm: Kill off set_irq_flags usage
genirq: Remove irq argument from irq flow handlers
genirq: Move field 'msi_desc' from irq_data into irq_common_data
genirq: Move field 'affinity' from irq_data into irq_common_data
genirq: Move field 'handler_data' from irq_data into irq_common_data
genirq: Move field 'node' from irq_data into irq_common_data
irqchip/gic-v3: Use IRQD_FORWARDED_TO_VCPU flag
irqchip/gic: Use IRQD_FORWARDED_TO_VCPU flag
genirq: Provide IRQD_FORWARDED_TO_VCPU status flag
genirq: Simplify irq_data_to_desc()
genirq: Remove __irq_set_handler_locked()
pinctrl/pistachio: Use irq_set_handler_locked
gpio: vf610: Use irq_set_handler_locked
powerpc/mpc8xx: Use irq_set_handler_locked()
powerpc/ipic: Use irq_set_handler_locked()
powerpc/cpm2: Use irq_set_handler_locked()
...
Most interrupt flow handlers do not use the irq argument. Those few
which use it can retrieve the irq number from the irq descriptor.
Remove the argument.
Search and replace was done with coccinelle and some extra helper
scripts around it. Thanks to Julia for her help!
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com>
If gpio-omap probe fails with -EPROBE_DEFER, the GPIO numbering
keeps increasing. Only increase the gpio count if gpiochip_add()
was successful as otherwise the numbers will increase for each
probe attempt.
Cc: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
As per CCF documentation (clk.txt) the clk_prepare/unprepare APIs
are not allowed in atomic context. But now OMAP GPIO driver
uses them while applying debounce settings and as part
of PM runtime irqsafe operations:
- omap_gpio_debounce() is holding the lock with IRQs off.
+ omap2_set_gpio_debounce()
+ clk_prepare_enable()
+ clk_prepare() this one might sleep.
- pm_runtime_get_sync() is holding the lock with IRQs off
+ omap_gpio_runtime_suspend()
+ raw_spin_lock_irqsave()
+ omap_gpio_dbck_disable()
+ clk_disable_unprepare()
Hence, fix it by moeving dbclk prepare/unprepare in OMAP GPIO
omap_gpio_probe/omap_gpio_remove. Also, while here, ensure that
debounce functionality is disabled if clk_get() failed,
because otherwise kernel will carsh in omap2_set_gpio_debounce().
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The access to HW registers has to be be protected in
omap_gpio_irq_handler(), as it may race with code executed on
another CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
According to TRMs:
Required input line stable =
(the value of the GPIO_DEBOUNCINGTIME[7:0].DEBOUNCETIME + 1) × 31,
where the value of the GPIO_DEBOUNCINGTIME[7:0].DEBOUNCETIME bit field
is from 0 to 255.
But now omap2_set_gpio_debounce() will calculate debounce time and
behave incorrectly in the following cases:
1) requested debounce time is !0 and <32
calculated DEBOUNCETIME = 0x1 == 62 us;
expected value of DEBOUNCETIME = 0x0 == 31us
2) requested debounce time is 0
calculated DEBOUNCETIME = 0x1 == 62 us;
expected: disable debounce and DEBOUNCETIME = 0x0
3) requested debounce time is >32 and <63
calculated DEBOUNCETIME = 0x0 and debounce will be disabled;
expected: enable debounce and DEBOUNCETIME = 0x1 == 62 us
Hence, rework omap2_set_gpio_debounce() to fix above cases:
1) introduce local variable "enable" and use it to identify
when debounce need to be enabled or disabled. Disable debounce
if requested debounce time is 0.
2) use below formula for debounce time calculation:
debounce = (DIV_ROUND_UP(debounce, 31) - 1) & 0xFF;
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Switch OMAP GPIO driver to use platform_get_irq(), because
it is not recommened to use platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, ..)
for requesting IRQ resources any more, as they can be not ready yet
in case of DT-boot.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The bank->chip.irqdomain is uninitialized at the moment when
irq_domain_remove() is called, so remove this call.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Fix below build warning:
CC drivers/gpio/gpio-omap.o
drivers/gpio/gpio-omap.c: In function 'omap_gpio_irq_type':
drivers/gpio/gpio-omap.c:504:3: warning: passing argument 1 of 'spin_unlock_irqrestore' from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
include/linux/spinlock.h:360:29: note: expected 'struct spinlock_t *' but argument is of type 'struct raw_spinlock_t *'
Fixes: commit 4dbada2be4 ("gpio: omap: use raw locks for locking")
Signed-off-by: Axel Lin <axel.lin@ingics.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This patch converts gpio_bank.lock from a spin_lock into a
raw_spin_lock. The call path is to access this lock is always under a
raw_spin_lock, for instance
- __setup_irq() holds &desc->lock with irq off
+ __irq_set_trigger()
+ omap_gpio_irq_type()
- handle_level_irq() (runs with irqs off therefore raw locks)
+ mask_ack_irq()
+ omap_gpio_mask_irq()
This fixes the obvious backtrace on -RT. However the locking vs context
is not and this is not limited to -RT:
- omap_gpio_irq_type() is called with IRQ off and has an conditional
call to pm_runtime_get_sync() which may sleep. Either it may happen or
it may not happen but pm_runtime_get_sync() should not be called with
irqs off.
- omap_gpio_debounce() is holding the lock with IRQs off.
+ omap2_set_gpio_debounce()
+ clk_prepare_enable()
+ clk_prepare() this one might sleep.
The number of users of gpiod_set_debounce() / gpio_set_debounce()
looks low but still this is not good.
Acked-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
OMAP GPIO driver allowed to be built as loadable module, but it
doesn't set owner field in GPIO chip structure. As result,
module_get/put() API is not working and it's possible to unload
OMAP driver while in use:
omap_gpio 48051000.gpio: REMOVING GPIOCHIP WITH GPIOS STILL REQUESTED
Hence, add missing configuration.
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Fixes: cac089f902 ('gpio: omap: Allow building as a loadable module')
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Acked-by: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Use irq_desc_get_xxx() to avoid redundant lookup of irq_desc while we
already have a pointer to corresponding irq_desc.
Preparatory patch for the removal of the 'irq' argument from irq flow
handlers.
Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Alexandre Courbot <gnurou@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Use irq_set_handler_locked() as it avoids a redundant lookup of the
irq descriptor.
Search and replacement was done with coccinelle:
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Alexandre Courbot <gnurou@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-gpio@vger.kernel.org
The omap_gpio_irq_startup() can be called at time when:
- corresponding GPIO has been requested already and in this case
it has to be configured as input already. If not - return with -EINVAL
and do not try to re-configure it as it could be unsafe.
- corresponding GPIO is free: reconfigure GPIO as input.
In addition, call omap_enable_gpio_module directly as all needed
checks are already present inside it.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The GPIO Chip and GPIO IRQ Chip functionality are essentially orthogonal,
so GPIO Chip implementation shouldn't touch GPIO IRQ specific registers
and vise versa.
Hence, rework omap_gpio_request:
- don't reset GPIO IRQ triggering type to IRQ_TYPE_NONE, because
GPIO irqchip should be responsible for that;
- call directly omap_enable_gpio_module as all needed checks are already
present inside it.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The GPIO Chip and GPIO IRQ Chip functionality are essentially orthogonal,
so GPIO IRQ Chip implementation shouldn't touch GPIO specific
registers and vise versa.
Hence, rework omap_gpio_irq_shutdown and try to touch only irqs specific
registers:
- don't configure GPIO as input (it, actually, should be already configured
as input).
- don't clear debounce configuration if GPIO is still used as GPIO.
We need to take in to account here commit c9c55d9211
("gpio/omap: fix off-mode bug: clear debounce settings on free/reset").
Also remove omap_reset_gpio() function as it is not used any more.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The GPIO bank will be kept powered in case if input parameters
are invalid or error occurred in omap_gpio_irq_type.
Hence, fix it by ensuring that GPIO bank will be unpowered
in case of errors and add additional check of value returned
from omap_set_gpio_triggering().
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
This patch fixes following issue:
- GPIOn is used as IRQ by some dev, for example PCF8575.INT -> gpio6.11
- PCFx driver knows nothing about type of IRQ line (GPIO or not)
so it doesn't request gpio and just do request_irq()
- If gpio6.11 will be exported through the sysfs and then un-xeported
then IRQs from PCFx will not be received any more, because
IRQ configuration for gpio6.11 will be cleaned up unconditionally
in omap_gpio_free.
Fix this by removing all GPIO IRQ specific code from omap_gpio_free()
and also do GPIO clean up (change direction to 'in' and disable debounce)
only if corresponding GPIO is not used as IRQ too.
GPIO IRQ will be properly cleaned up by GPIO irqchip code.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
We currently get all kinds of errors building the omap gpio driver
as a module starting with:
undefined reference to `omap2_gpio_resume_after_idle'
undefined reference to `omap2_gpio_prepare_for_idle'
...
Let's fix the issue by adding inline functions to the header.
Note that we can now also remove the two unused functions for
omap_set_gpio_debounce and omap_set_gpio_debounce_time.
Then doing rmmod on the module produces further warnings
because of missing exit related functions. Let's add those.
And finally, we can make the Kconfig entry just a tristate
option that's selected for omaps.
Cc: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Nishanth Menon <nm@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
At some point with all the GPIO clean-up we've broken the
MPUIO interrupts. Those are just a little bit different from
the GPIO interrupts, so we can fix it up just by setting
different irqchip functions for it. And then we can just
remove all old code trying to do the same.
Cc: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Cc: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Nishanth Menon <nm@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Reviewed-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Convert GPIO IRQ functions to use GPIO offset instead of system
GPIO numbers. This allows to drop unneeded conversations between
system GPIO <-> GPIO offset which are done in many places and
many times.
It is safe to do now because:
- gpiolib always passes GPIO offset to GPIO controller
- OMAP GPIO driver converted to use IRQ domain, so
struct irq_data->hwirq contains GPIO offset
This is preparation step before removing:
#define GPIO_INDEX(bank, gpio)
#define GPIO_BIT(bank, gpio)
int omap_irq_to_gpio()
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Tested-by: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
The 'gpio' parameter isn't needed any more as it
duplicates 'offset' parameter, so drop it.
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Tested-by: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@dowhile0.org>
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>