Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Some systems are memory constrained but they need to load very large
firmwares. The firmware subsystem allows drivers to request this
firmware be loaded from the filesystem, but this requires that the
entire firmware be loaded into kernel memory first before it's provided
to the driver. This can lead to a situation where we map the firmware
twice, once to load the firmware into kernel memory and once to copy the
firmware into the final resting place.
This creates needless memory pressure and delays loading because we have
to copy from kernel memory to somewhere else. Let's add a
request_firmware_into_buf() API that allows drivers to request firmware
be loaded directly into a pre-allocated buffer. This skips the
intermediate step of allocating a buffer in kernel memory to hold the
firmware image while it's read from the filesystem. It also requires
that drivers know how much memory they'll require before requesting the
firmware and negates any benefits of firmware caching because the
firmware layer doesn't manage the buffer lifetime.
For a 16MB buffer, about half the time is spent performing a memcpy from
the buffer to the final resting place. I see loading times go from
0.081171 seconds to 0.047696 seconds after applying this patch. Plus
the vmalloc pressure is reduced.
This is based on a patch from Vikram Mulukutla on codeaurora.org:
https://www.codeaurora.org/cgit/quic/la/kernel/msm-3.18/commit/drivers/base/firmware_class.c?h=rel/msm-3.18&id=0a328c5f6cd999f5c591f172216835636f39bcb5
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160607164741.31849-4-stephen.boyd@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <stephen.boyd@linaro.org>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vikram Mulukutla <markivx@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that the udev firmware loader is optional request_firmware()
will not provide any information on the kernel ring buffer if
direct firmware loading failed and udev firmware loading is disabled.
If no information is needed request_firmware_direct() should be used
for optional firmware, at which point drivers can take on the onus
over informing of any failures, if udev firmware loading is disabled
though we should at the very least provide some sort of information
as when the udev loader was enabled by default back in the days.
With this change with a simple firmware load test module [0]:
Example output without FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK
platform fake-dev.0: Direct firmware load for fake.bin failed
with error -2
Example with FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK
platform fake-dev.0: Direct firmware load for fake.bin failed with error -2
platform fake-dev.0: Falling back to user helper
Without this change without FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK we
get no output logged upon failure.
Cc: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Cc: Abhay Salunke <Abhay_Salunke@dell.com>
Cc: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[The patch was originally proposed by Tom Gundersen, and rewritten
afterwards by me; most of changelogs below borrowed from Tom's
original patch -- tiwai]
Currently (at least) the dell-rbu driver selects FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER,
which means that distros can't really stop loading firmware through
udev without breaking other users (though some have).
Ideally we would remove/disable the udev firmware helper in both the
kernel and in udev, but if we were to disable it in udev and not the
kernel, the result would be (seemingly) hung kernels as no one would
be around to cancel firmware requests.
This patch allows udev firmware loading to be disabled while still
allowing non-udev firmware loading, as done by the dell-rbu driver, to
continue working. This is achieved by only using the fallback
mechanism when the uevent is suppressed.
The patch renames the user-selectable Kconfig from FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER
to FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK, and the former is reverse-selected
by the latter or the drivers that need userhelper like dell-rbu.
Also, the "default y" is removed together with this change, since it's
been deprecated in udev upstream, thus rather better to disable it
nowadays.
Tested with
FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER=n
LATTICE_ECP3_CONFIG=y
DELL_RBU=y
and udev without the firmware loading support, but I don't have the
hardware to test the lattice/dell drivers, so additional testing would
be appreciated.
Reviewed-by: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Cc: Abhay Salunke <Abhay_Salunke@dell.com>
Cc: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Tested-by: Balaji Singh <B_B_Singh@DELL.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER is set, request_firmware() falls
back to the usermode helper for loading via udev when the direct
loading fails. But the recent udev takes way too long timeout (60
seconds) for non-existing firmware. This is unacceptable for the
drivers like microcode loader where they load firmwares optionally,
i.e. it's no error even if no requested file exists.
This patch provides a new helper function, request_firmware_direct().
It behaves as same as request_firmware() except for that it doesn't
fall back to usermode helper but returns an error immediately if the
f/w can't be loaded directly in kernel.
Without CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER=y, request_firmware_direct() is
just an alias of request_firmware(), due to obvious reason.
Tested-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Looks no driver has the explict requirement for the two exported
API, just don't export them anymore.
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patches introduce two kernel APIs of cache_firmware and
uncache_firmware, both of which take the firmware file name
as the only parameter.
So any drivers can call cache_firmware to cache the specified
firmware file into kernel memory, and can use the cached firmware
in situations which can't request firmware from user space.
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch always let firmware_buf own the pages buffer allocated
inside firmware_data_write, and add all instances of firmware_buf
into the firmware cache global list. Also introduce one private field
in 'struct firmware', so release_firmware will see the instance of
firmware_buf associated with the current firmware instance, then just
'free' the instance of firmware_buf.
The firmware_buf instance represents one pages buffer for one
firmware image, so lots of firmware loading requests can share
the same firmware_buf instance if they request the same firmware
image file.
This patch will make implementation of the following cache_firmware/
uncache_firmware very easy and simple.
In fact, the patch improves request_formware/release_firmware:
- only request userspace to write firmware image once if
several devices share one same firmware image and its drivers
call request_firmware concurrently.
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The <linux/module.h> pretty much brings in the kitchen sink along
with it, so it should be avoided wherever reasonably possible in
terms of being included from other commonly used <linux/something.h>
files, as it results in a measureable increase on compile times.
The worst culprit was probably device.h since it is used everywhere.
This file also had an implicit dependency/usage of mutex.h which was
masked by module.h, and is also fixed here at the same time.
There are over a dozen other headers that simply declare the
struct instead of pulling in the whole file, so follow their lead
and simply make it a few more.
Most of the implicit dependencies on module.h being present by
these headers pulling it in have been now weeded out, so we can
finally make this change with hopefully minimal breakage.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Some place in firmware_class.c using "int uevent" define, but others use "bool
uevent".
This patch replace all int uevent define to bool.
Signed-off-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
fix memory leak introduced by the patch 6e03a201bb:
firmware: speed up request_firmware()
1. vfree won't release pages there were allocated explicitly and mapped
using vmap. The memory has to be vunmap-ed and the pages needs
to be freed explicitly
2. page array is moved into the 'struct
firmware' so that we can free it from release_firmware()
and not only in fw_dev_release()
The fix doesn't break the firmware load speed.
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Singed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tomas Winkler <tomas.winkler@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Unfortunately, one cannot hold on to the struct firmware
that request_firmware_nowait() hands off, which is needed
in some cases. Allow this by requiring the callback to
free it (via release_firmware).
Additionally, give it a gfp_t parameter -- all the current
users call it from a GFP_KERNEL context so the GFP_ATOMIC
isn't necessary. This also marks an API break which is
useful in a sense, although that is obviously not the
primary purpose of this change.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Acked-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
Cc: Abhay Salunke <abhay_salunke@dell.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
As we're allocating the firmware name dynamically, we no longer need this
definition.
This patch must be applied only after the 5 previous patches from this pacth
set have been applied.
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Some drivers have their own hacks to bypass the kernel's firmware loader
and build their firmware into the kernel; this renders those unnecessary.
Other drivers don't use the firmware loader at all, because they always
want the firmware to be available. This allows them to start using the
firmware loader.
A third set of drivers already use the firmware loader, but can't be
used without help from userspace, which sometimes requires an initrd.
This allows them to work in a static kernel.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
In preparation for supporting firmware files linked into the static
kernel, make fw->data const to ensure that users aren't modifying it (so
that we can pass a pointer to the original in-kernel copy, rather than
having to copy it).
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
> the build (.config attached) failed, make ends with :
> ...
> UPD include/linux/compile.h
> CC init/version.o
> LD init/built-in.o
> LD vmlinux
> drivers/built-in.o: In function `sas_request_addr':
> (.text+0x33bab): undefined reference to `request_firmware'
> drivers/built-in.o: In function `sas_request_addr':
> (.text+0x33c3f): undefined reference to `release_firmware'
> make: *** [vmlinux] Error 1
There's a slight fault in the stub logic. It fails for FW_LOADER=m and
the user =y.
This should fix it.
This patch fixes the following 2.6.26-rc regression:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10730
Reviewed-by: Toralf Foerster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
libsas has a case where it uses the firmware loader to provide services,
but doesn't want to select it all the time. This currently causes a
compile failure in libsas if FW_LOADER=n. Fix this by providing error
stubs for the firmware loader API in the FW_LOADER=n case.
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
- remove the following global function that is both unused and
unimplemented:
- register_firmware()
- make the following needlessly global function static:
- firmware_class_uevent()
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Leave the overloaded "hotplug" word to susbsystems which are handling
real devices. The driver core does not "plug" anything, it just exports
the state to userspace and generates events.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Upgrade the request_firmware_nowait function to not start the hotplug
action on a firmware update.
This patch is tested along with dell_rbu driver on i386 and x86-64 systems.
Signed-off-by: Abhay Salunke <Abhay_Salunke@dell.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
