Enables CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY checks on x86. This is done both in
copy_*_user() and __copy_*_user() because copy_*_user() actually calls
down to _copy_*_user() and not __copy_*_user().
Based on code from PaX and grsecurity.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Exchange between user and kernel memory is coded in assembly language.
Which means that such accesses won't be spotted by KASAN as a compiler
instruments only C code.
Add explicit KASAN checks to user memory access API to ensure that
userspace writes to (or reads from) a valid kernel memory.
Note: Unlike others strncpy_from_user() is written mostly in C and KASAN
sees memory accesses in it. However, it makes sense to add explicit
check for all @count bytes that *potentially* could be written to the
kernel.
[aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: move kasan check under the condition]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462869209-21096-1-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462538722-1574-4-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move them to a separate header and have the following
dependency:
x86/cpufeatures.h <- x86/processor.h <- x86/cpufeature.h
This makes it easier to use the header in asm code and not
include the whole cpufeature.h and add guards for asm.
Suggested-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1453842730-28463-5-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This reorganizes how we do the stac/clac instructions in the user access
code. Instead of adding the instructions directly to the same inline
asm that does the actual user level access and exception handling, add
them at a higher level.
This is mainly preparation for the next step, where we will expose an
interface to allow users to mark several accesses together as being user
space accesses, but it does already clean up some code:
- the inlined trivial cases of copy_in_user() now do stac/clac just
once over the accesses: they used to do one pair around the user
space read, and another pair around the write-back.
- the {get,put}_user_ex() macros that are used with the catch/try
handling don't do any stac/clac at all, because that happens in the
try/catch surrounding them.
Other than those two cleanups that happened naturally from the
re-organization, this should not make any difference. Yet.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The rule for 'copy_from_user()' is that it zeroes the remaining kernel
buffer even when the copy fails halfway, just to make sure that we don't
leave uninitialized kernel memory around. Because even if we check for
errors, some kernel buffers stay around after thge copy (think page
cache).
However, the x86-64 logic for user copies uses a copy_user_generic()
function for all the cases, that set the "zerorest" flag for any fault
on the source buffer. Which meant that it didn't just try to clear the
kernel buffer after a failure in copy_from_user(), it also tried to
clear the destination user buffer for the "copy_in_user()" case.
Not only is that pointless, it also means that the clearing code has to
worry about the tail clearing taking page faults for the user buffer
case. Which is just stupid, since that case shouldn't happen in the
first place.
Get rid of the whole "zerorest" thing entirely, and instead just check
if the destination is in kernel space or not. And then just use
memset() to clear the tail of the kernel buffer if necessary.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit ff47ab4ff3 "x86: Add 1/2/4/8 byte optimization to 64bit
__copy_{from,to}_user_inatomic" added a "_nocheck" call in between
the copy_to/from_user() and copy_user_generic(). As both the
normal and nocheck versions of theses calls use the proper __user
annotation, a typecast to remove it should not be added.
This causes sparse to spin out the following warnings:
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different address spaces)
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: expected void const [noderef] <asn:1>*src
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: got void const *<noident>
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different address spaces)
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: expected void const [noderef] <asn:1>*src
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: got void const *<noident>
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different address spaces)
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: expected void const [noderef] <asn:1>*src
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: got void const *<noident>
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different address spaces)
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: expected void const [noderef] <asn:1>*src
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h:207:47: got void const *<noident>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140103164500.5f6478f5@gandalf.local.home
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Pull x86 uaccess changes from Ingo Molnar:
"A single change that micro-optimizes __copy_*_user_inatomic(), used by
the futex code"
* 'x86-uaccess-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86: Add 1/2/4/8 byte optimization to 64bit __copy_{from,to}_user_inatomic
Similarly to copy_from_user(), where the range check is to
protect against kernel memory corruption, copy_to_user() can
benefit from such checking too: Here it protects against kernel
information leaks.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5265059502000078000FC4F6@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Commits 4a31276930 ("x86: Turn the
copy_from_user check into an (optional) compile time warning")
and 63312b6a6f ("x86: Add a
Kconfig option to turn the copy_from_user warnings into errors")
touched only the 32-bit variant of copy_from_user(), whereas the
original commit 9f0cf4adb6 ("x86:
Use __builtin_object_size() to validate the buffer size for
copy_from_user()") also added the same code to the 64-bit one.
Further the earlier conversion from an inline WARN() to the call
to copy_from_user_overflow() went a little too far: When the
number of bytes to be copied is not a constant (e.g. [looking at
3.11] in drivers/net/tun.c:__tun_chr_ioctl() or
drivers/pci/pcie/aer/aer_inject.c:aer_inject_write()), the
compiler will always have to keep the funtion call, and hence
there will always be a warning. By using __builtin_constant_p()
we can avoid this.
And then this slightly extends the effect of
CONFIG_DEBUG_STRICT_USER_COPY_CHECKS in that apart from
converting warnings to errors in the constant size case, it
retains the (possibly wrong) warnings in the non-constant size
case, such that if someone is prepared to get a few false
positives, (s)he'll be able to recover the current behavior
(except that these diagnostics now will never be converted to
errors).
Since the 32-bit variant (intentionally) didn't call
might_fault(), the unification results in this being called
twice now. Adding a suitable #ifdef would be the alternative if
that's a problem.
I'd like to point out though that with
__compiletime_object_size() being restricted to gcc before 4.6,
the whole construct is going to become more and more pointless
going forward. I would question however that commit
2fb0815c9e ("gcc4: disable
__compiletime_object_size for GCC 4.6+") was really necessary,
and instead this should have been dealt with as is done here
from the beginning.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5265056D02000078000FC4F3@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The 64bit __copy_{from,to}_user_inatomic always called
copy_from_user_generic, but skipped the special optimizations for 1/2/4/8
byte accesses.
This especially hurts the futex call, which accesses the 4 byte futex
user value with a complicated fast string operation in a function call,
instead of a single movl.
Use __copy_{from,to}_user for _inatomic instead to get the same
optimizations. The only problem was the might_fault() in those functions.
So move that to new wrapper and call __copy_{f,t}_user_nocheck()
from *_inatomic directly.
32bit already did this correctly by duplicating the code.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1376687844-19857-2-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
The only reason uaccess routines might sleep
is if they fault. Make this explicit.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1369577426-26721-9-git-send-email-mst@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
According to Intel 64 and IA-32 SDM and Optimization Reference Manual, beginning
with Ivybridge, REG string operation using MOVSB and STOSB can provide both
flexible and high-performance REG string operations in cases like memory copy.
Enhancement availability is indicated by CPUID.7.0.EBX[9] (Enhanced REP MOVSB/
STOSB).
If CPU erms feature is detected, patch copy_user_generic with enhanced fast
string version of copy_user_generic.
A few new macros are defined to reduce duplicate code in ALTERNATIVE and
ALTERNATIVE_2.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1337908785-14015-1-git-send-email-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
This throws away the old x86-specific functions in favor of the generic
optimized version.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This merges the 32- and 64-bit versions of the x86 strncpy_from_user()
by just rewriting it in C rather than the ancient inline asm versions
that used lodsb/stosb and had been duplicated for (trivial) differences
between the 32-bit and 64-bit versions.
While doing that, it also speeds them up by doing the accesses a word at
a time. Finally, the new routines also properly handle the case of
hitting the end of the address space, which we have never done correctly
before (fs/namei.c has a hack around it for that reason).
Despite all these improvements, it actually removes more lines than it
adds, due to the de-duplication. Also, we no longer export (or define)
the legacy __strncpy_from_user() function (that was defined to not do
the user permission checks), since it's not actually used anywhere, and
the user address space checks are built in to the new code.
Other architecture maintainers have been notified that the old hack in
fs/namei.c will be going away in the 3.5 merge window, in case they
copied the x86 approach of being a bit cavalier about the end of the
address space.
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit e66eed651f ("list: remove prefetching from regular list
iterators") removed the include of prefetch.h from list.h, which
uncovered several cases that had apparently relied on that rather
obscure header file dependency.
So this fixes things up a bit, using
grep -L linux/prefetch.h $(git grep -l '[^a-z_]prefetchw*(' -- '*.[ch]')
grep -L 'prefetchw*(' $(git grep -l 'linux/prefetch.h' -- '*.[ch]')
to guide us in finding files that either need <linux/prefetch.h>
inclusion, or have it despite not needing it.
There are more of them around (mostly network drivers), but this gets
many core ones.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Callers of copy_from_user() expect it to return the number of bytes
it could not copy. In no case it is supposed to return -EFAULT.
In case of a detected buffer overflow just return the requested
length. In addition one could think of a memset that would clear
the size of the target object.
[ hpa: code is not in .32 so not needed for -stable ]
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100105131911.GC5480@osiris.boeblingen.de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
In order to avoid unnecessary chains of branches, rather than
implementing copy_user_generic() as a function consisting of
just a single (possibly patched) branch, instead properly deal
with patching call instructions in the alternative instructions
framework, and move the patching into the callers.
As a follow-on, one could also introduce something like
__EXPORT_SYMBOL_ALT() to avoid patching call sites in modules.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4B2BB8180200007800026AE7@vpn.id2.novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
On x86-64, copy_[to|from]_user() rely on assembly routines that
never call might_fault(), making us missing various lockdep
checks.
This doesn't apply to __copy_from,to_user() that explicitly
handle these calls, neither is it a problem in x86-32 where
copy_to,from_user() rely on the "__" prefixed versions that
also call might_fault().
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1258382538-30979-1-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
[ v2: fix module export ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This v2.6.26 commit:
ad2fc2c: x86: fix copy_user on x86
rendered __copy_from_user_inatomic() identical to
copy_user_generic(), yet didn't make the former just call the
latter from an inline function.
Furthermore, this v2.6.19 commit:
b885808: [PATCH] Add proper sparse __user casts to __copy_to_user_inatomic
converted the return type of __copy_to_user_inatomic() from
unsigned long to int, but didn't do the same to
__copy_from_user_inatomic().
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: <v.mayatskih@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <4AFD5778020000780001F8F4@vpn.id2.novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
gcc (4.x) supports the __builtin_object_size() builtin, which
reports the size of an object that a pointer point to, when known
at compile time. If the buffer size is not known at compile time, a
constant -1 is returned.
This patch uses this feature to add a sanity check to
copy_from_user(); if the target buffer is known to be smaller than
the copy size, the copy is aborted and a WARNing is emitted in
memory debug mode.
These extra checks compile away when the object size is not known,
or if both the buffer size and the copy length are constants.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090926143301.2c396b94@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h uses wrong asm operand constraint
("ir") for movq insn. Since movq sign-extends its immediate operand,
"er" constraint should be used instead.
Attached patch changes all uses of __put_user_asm in uaccess_64.h to use
"er" when "q" insn suffix is involved.
Patch was compile tested on x86_64 with defconfig.
Signed-off-by: Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Impact: standardize IO on cached ops
On modern CPUs it is almost always a bad idea to use non-temporal stores,
as the regression in this commit has shown it:
30d697f: x86: fix performance regression in write() syscall
The kernel simply has no good information about whether using non-temporal
stores is a good idea or not - and trying to add heuristics only increases
complexity and inserts fragility.
The regression on cached write()s took very long to be found - over two
years. So dont take any chances and let the hardware decide how it makes
use of its caches.
The only exception is drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c: there were we are
absolutely sure that another entity (the GPU) will pick up the dirty
data immediately and that the CPU will not touch that data before the
GPU will.
Also, keep the _nocache() primitives to make it easier for people to
experiment with these details. There may be more clear-cut cases where
non-cached copies can be used, outside of filemap.c.
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: make more types of copies non-temporal
This change makes the following simple fix:
30d697f: x86: fix performance regression in write() syscall
A bit more sophisticated: we check the 'total' number of bytes
written to decide whether to copy in a cached or a non-temporal
way.
This will for example cause the tail (modulo 4096 bytes) chunk
of a large write() to be non-temporal too - not just the page-sized
chunks.
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup, enable future change
Add a 'total bytes copied' parameter to __copy_from_user_*nocache(),
and update all the callsites.
The parameter is not used yet - architecture code can use it to
more intelligently decide whether the copy should be cached or
non-temporal.
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
While the introduction of __copy_from_user_nocache (see commit:
0812a579c9) may have been an improvement
for sufficiently large writes, there is evidence to show that it is
deterimental for small writes. Unixbench's fstime test gives the
following results for 256 byte writes with MAX_BLOCK of 2000:
2.6.29-rc6 ( 5 samples, each in KB/sec ):
283750, 295200, 294500, 293000, 293300
2.6.29-rc6 + this patch (5 samples, each in KB/sec):
313050, 3106750, 293350, 306300, 307900
2.6.18
395700, 342000, 399100, 366050, 359850
See w_test() in src/fstime.c in unixbench version 4.1.0. Basically, the above test
consists of counting how much we can write in this manner:
alarm(10);
while (!sigalarm) {
for (f_blocks = 0; f_blocks < 2000; ++f_blocks) {
write(f, buf, 256);
}
lseek(f, 0L, 0);
}
Note, there are other components to the write syscall regression
that are not addressed here.
Signed-off-by: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
__copy_from_user() will return invalid value 16 when it fails to
access user space and the size is 10.
Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Change header guards named "ASM_X86__*" to "_ASM_X86_*" since:
a. the double underscore is ugly and pointless.
b. no leading underscore violates namespace constraints.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
