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Author SHA1 Message Date
Matthias Kaehlcke
d73d3c9f69 mm/page_alloc.c: mark bad_range() and meminit_pfn_in_nid() as __maybe_unused 
The functions are not used in some configurations.  Adding the attribute
fixes the following warnings when building with clang:

  mm/page_alloc.c:409:19: error: function 'bad_range' is not needed and
      will not be emitted [-Werror,-Wunneeded-internal-declaration]

  mm/page_alloc.c:1106:30: error: unused function 'meminit_pfn_in_nid'
      [-Werror,-Wunused-function]

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170518182030.165633-1-mka@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Aneesh Kumar K.V
e1073d1e79 mm/hugetlb: clean up ARCH_HAS_GIGANTIC_PAGE 
This moves the #ifdef in C code to a Kconfig dependency.  Also we move
the gigantic_page_supported() function to be arch specific.

This allows architectures to conditionally enable runtime allocation of
gigantic huge page.  Architectures like ppc64 supports different
gigantic huge page size (16G and 1G) based on the translation mode
selected.  This provides an opportunity for ppc64 to enable runtime
allocation only w.r.t 1G hugepage.

No functional change in this patch.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494995292-4443-1-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Pavel Tatashin
9017217b6f mm: adaptive hash table scaling 
Allow hash tables to scale with memory but at slower pace, when
HASH_ADAPT is provided every time memory quadruples the sizes of hash
tables will only double instead of quadrupling as well.  This algorithm
starts working only when memory size reaches a certain point, currently
set to 64G.

This is example of dentry hash table size, before and after four various
memory configurations:

MEMORY	   SCALE	 HASH_SIZE
	old	new	old	new
    8G	 13	 13      8M      8M
   16G	 13	 13     16M     16M
   32G	 13	 13     32M     32M
   64G	 13	 13     64M     64M
  128G	 13	 14    128M     64M
  256G	 13	 14    256M    128M
  512G	 13	 15    512M    128M
 1024G	 13	 15   1024M    256M
 2048G	 13	 16   2048M    256M
 4096G	 13	 16   4096M    512M
 8192G	 13	 17   8192M    512M
16384G	 13	 17  16384M   1024M
32768G	 13	 18  32768M   1024M
65536G	 13	 18  65536M   2048M

The effect of this change on runtime is undetectable as filesystem
growth is not proportional to machine memory size as is currently
assumed.  The change effects only large memory machine.  Additional
tuning might be needed, but that can be done by the clients of the
kmem_cache_create interface, not the generic cache allocator itself.

The adaptive hashing is disabled on 32 bit systems to avoid confusion of
whether base should be different for smaller systems, and to avoid
overflows.

[mhocko@suse.com: drop HASH_ADAPT]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170509094607.GG6481@dhcp22.suse.cz
[pasha.tatashin@oracle.com: UL -> ULL fix]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1495300013-653283-2-git-send-email-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
[pasha.tatashin@oracle.com: disable adaptive hash on 32 bit systems]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1495469329-755807-2-git-send-email-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1488432825-92126-5-git-send-email-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Pavel Tatashin
3749a8f008 mm: zero hash tables in allocator 
Add a new flag HASH_ZERO which when provided grantees that the hash
table that is returned by alloc_large_system_hash() is zeroed.  In most
cases that is what is needed by the caller.  Use page level allocator's
__GFP_ZERO flags to zero the memory.  It is using memset() which is
efficient method to zero memory and is optimized for most platforms.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1488432825-92126-3-git-send-email-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Aneesh Kumar K.V
4dc71451a2 mm/follow_page_mask: add support for hugepage directory entry 
Architectures like ppc64 supports hugepage size that is not mapped to
any of of the page table levels.  Instead they add an alternate page
table entry format called hugepage directory (hugepd).  hugepd indicates
that the page table entry maps to a set of hugetlb pages.  Add support
for this in generic follow_page_mask code.  We already support this
format in the generic gup code.

The default implementation prints warning and returns NULL.  We will add
ppc64 support in later patches

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-7-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Anshuman Khandual
faaa5b62d3 mm/follow_page_mask: add support for hugetlb pgd entries 
ppc64 supports pgd hugetlb entries.  Add code to handle hugetlb pgd
entries to follow_page_mask so that ppc64 can switch to it to handle
hugetlbe entries.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-5-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Aneesh Kumar K.V
d5ed7444da mm/hugetlb: export hugetlb_entry_migration helper 
We will be using this later from the ppc64 code.  Change the return type
to bool.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-4-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Aneesh Kumar K.V
080dbb618b mm/follow_page_mask: split follow_page_mask to smaller functions. 
Makes code reading easy.  No functional changes in this patch.  In a
followup patch, we will be updating the follow_page_mask to handle
hugetlb hugepd format so that archs like ppc64 can switch to the generic
version.  This split helps in doing that nicely.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-3-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Aneesh Kumar K.V
383321ab85 mm/hugetlb/migration: use set_huge_pte_at instead of set_pte_at 
Patch series "HugeTLB migration support for PPC64", v2.

This patch (of 9):

The right interface to use to set a hugetlb pte entry is set_huge_pte_at.
Use that instead of set_pte_at.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-2-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Anshuman Khandual
94310cbcaa mm/madvise: enable (soft|hard) offline of HugeTLB pages at PGD level 
Though migrating gigantic HugeTLB pages does not sound much like real
world use case, they can be affected by memory errors.  Hence migration
at the PGD level HugeTLB pages should be supported just to enable soft
and hard offline use cases.

While allocating the new gigantic HugeTLB page, it should not matter
whether new page comes from the same node or not.  There would be very
few gigantic pages on the system afterall, we should not be bothered
about node locality when trying to save a big page from crashing.

This change renames dequeu_huge_page_node() function as dequeue_huge
_page_node_exact() preserving it's original functionality.  Now the new
dequeue_huge_page_node() function scans through all available online nodes
to allocate a huge page for the NUMA_NO_NODE case and just falls back
calling dequeu_huge_page_node_exact() for all other cases.

[arnd@arndb.de: make hstate_is_gigantic() inline]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522124748.3911296-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170516100509.20122-1-khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:33 -07:00
Michal Hocko
559bfc7d1b mm, memory_hotplug: remove unused cruft after memory hotplug rework 
zone_for_memory doesn't have any user anymore as well as the whole zone
shifting infrastructure so drop them all.

This shouldn't introduce any functional changes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-15-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
cdf72f2504 mm, memory_hotplug: fix the section mismatch warning 
Tobias has reported following section mismatches introduced by "mm,
memory_hotplug: do not associate hotadded memory to zones until online".

  WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.text+0x5a1c2): Section mismatch in reference from the function move_pfn_range_to_zone() to the function .meminit.text:memmap_init_zone()
  The function move_pfn_range_to_zone() references
  the function __meminit memmap_init_zone().
  This is often because move_pfn_range_to_zone lacks a __meminit
  annotation or the annotation of memmap_init_zone is wrong.

  WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.text+0x5a25b): Section mismatch in reference from the function move_pfn_range_to_zone() to the function .meminit.text:init_currently_empty_zone()
  The function move_pfn_range_to_zone() references
  the function __meminit init_currently_empty_zone().
  This is often because move_pfn_range_to_zone lacks a __meminit
  annotation or the annotation of init_currently_empty_zone is wrong.

  WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x188aa2): Section mismatch in reference from the function move_pfn_range_to_zone() to the function .meminit.text:memmap_init_zone()
  The function move_pfn_range_to_zone() references
  the function __meminit memmap_init_zone().
  This is often because move_pfn_range_to_zone lacks a __meminit
  annotation or the annotation of memmap_init_zone is wrong.

  WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x188b3b): Section mismatch in reference from the function move_pfn_range_to_zone() to the function .meminit.text:init_currently_empty_zone()
  The function move_pfn_range_to_zone() references
  the function __meminit init_currently_empty_zone().
  This is often because move_pfn_range_to_zone lacks a __meminit
  annotation or the annotation of init_currently_empty_zone is wrong.

Both memmap_init_zone and init_currently_empty_zone are marked __meminit
but move_pfn_range_to_zone is used outside of __meminit sections (e.g.
devm_memremap_pages) so we have to hide it from the checker by __ref
annotation.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-14-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
3d79a728f9 mm, memory_hotplug: replace for_device by want_memblock in arch_add_memory 
arch_add_memory gets for_device argument which then controls whether we
want to create memblocks for created memory sections.  Simplify the
logic by telling whether we want memblocks directly rather than going
through pointless negation.  This also makes the api easier to
understand because it is clear what we want rather than nothing telling
for_device which can mean anything.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-13-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
c246a213f5 mm, memory_hotplug: do not assume ZONE_NORMAL is default kernel zone 
Heiko Carstens has noticed that he can generate overlapping zones for
ZONE_DMA and ZONE_NORMAL:

  DMA      [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000007fffffff]
  Normal   [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000017fffffff]

  $ cat /sys/devices/system/memory/block_size_bytes
  10000000
  $ cat /sys/devices/system/memory/memory5/valid_zones
  DMA
  $ echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory5/online
  $ cat /sys/devices/system/memory/memory5/valid_zones
  Normal
  $ echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory5/online
  Normal

  $ cat /proc/zoneinfo
  Node 0, zone      DMA
  spanned  524288        <-----
  present  458752
  managed  455078
  start_pfn:           0 <-----

  Node 0, zone   Normal
  spanned  720896
  present  589824
  managed  571648
  start_pfn:           327680 <-----

The reason is that we assume that the default zone for kernel onlining
is ZONE_NORMAL.  This was a simplification introduced by the memory
hotplug rework and it is easily fixable by checking the range overlap in
the zone order and considering the first matching zone as the default
one.  If there is no such zone then assume ZONE_NORMAL as we have been
doing so far.

Fixes: "mm, memory_hotplug: do not associate hotadded memory to zones until online"
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170601083746.4924-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
a69578a154 mm, memory_hotplug: fix MMOP_ONLINE_KEEP behavior 
Heiko Carstens has noticed that the MMOP_ONLINE_KEEP is broken currently

  $ grep . memory3?/valid_zones
  memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  memory35/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  memory36/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  memory37/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo online_movable > memory34/state
  $ grep . memory3?/valid_zones
  memory34/valid_zones:Movable
  memory35/valid_zones:Movable
  memory36/valid_zones:Movable
  memory37/valid_zones:Movable

  $ echo online > memory36/state
  $ grep . memory3?/valid_zones
  memory34/valid_zones:Movable
  memory36/valid_zones:Normal
  memory37/valid_zones:Movable

so we have effectively punched a hole into the movable zone.

The problem is that move_pfn_range() check for MMOP_ONLINE_KEEP is
wrong.  It only checks whether the given range is already part of the
movable zone which is not the case here as only memory34 is in the zone.
Fix this by using allow_online_pfn_range(..., MMOP_ONLINE_KERNEL) if
that is false then we can be sure that movable onlining is the right
thing to do.

Fixes: "mm, memory_hotplug: do not associate hotadded memory to zones until online"
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170601083746.4924-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
f1dd2cd13c mm, memory_hotplug: do not associate hotadded memory to zones until online 
The current memory hotplug implementation relies on having all the
struct pages associate with a zone/node during the physical hotplug
phase (arch_add_memory->__add_pages->__add_section->__add_zone).  In the
vast majority of cases this means that they are added to ZONE_NORMAL.
This has been so since 9d99aaa31f ("[PATCH] x86_64: Support memory
hotadd without sparsemem") and it wasn't a big deal back then because
movable onlining didn't exist yet.

Much later memory hotplug wanted to (ab)use ZONE_MOVABLE for movable
onlining 511c2aba8f ("mm, memory-hotplug: dynamic configure movable
memory and portion memory") and then things got more complicated.
Rather than reconsidering the zone association which was no longer
needed (because the memory hotplug already depended on SPARSEMEM) a
convoluted semantic of zone shifting has been developed.  Only the
currently last memblock or the one adjacent to the zone_movable can be
onlined movable.  This essentially means that the online type changes as
the new memblocks are added.

Let's simulate memory hot online manually
  $ echo 0x100000000 > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones
  Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+2*(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo online_movable > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/state
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable Normal

This is an awkward semantic because an udev event is sent as soon as the
block is onlined and an udev handler might want to online it based on
some policy (e.g.  association with a node) but it will inherently race
with new blocks showing up.

This patch changes the physical online phase to not associate pages with
any zone at all.  All the pages are just marked reserved and wait for
the onlining phase to be associated with the zone as per the online
request.  There are only two requirements

	- existing ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_MOVABLE cannot overlap

	- ZONE_NORMAL precedes ZONE_MOVABLE in physical addresses

the latter one is not an inherent requirement and can be changed in the
future.  It preserves the current behavior and made the code slightly
simpler.  This is subject to change in future.

This means that the same physical online steps as above will lead to the
following state: Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable

Implementation:
The current move_pfn_range is reimplemented to check the above
requirements (allow_online_pfn_range) and then updates the respective
zone (move_pfn_range_to_zone), the pgdat and links all the pages in the
pfn range with the zone/node.  __add_pages is updated to not require the
zone and only initializes sections in the range.  This allowed to
simplify the arch_add_memory code (s390 could get rid of quite some of
code).

devm_memremap_pages is the only user of arch_add_memory which relies on
the zone association because it only hooks into the memory hotplug only
half way.  It uses it to associate the new memory with ZONE_DEVICE but
doesn't allow it to be {on,off}lined via sysfs.  This means that this
particular code path has to call move_pfn_range_to_zone explicitly.

The original zone shifting code is kept in place and will be removed in
the follow up patch for an easier review.

Please note that this patch also changes the original behavior when
offlining a memory block adjacent to another zone (Normal vs.  Movable)
used to allow to change its movable type.  This will be handled later.

[richard.weiyang@gmail.com: simplify zone_intersects()]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616092335.5177-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
[richard.weiyang@gmail.com: remove duplicate call for set_page_links]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616092335.5177-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unused local `i']
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-12-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Tested-by: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> # For s390 bits
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
d336e94e44 mm, vmstat: skip reporting offline pages in pagetypeinfo 
pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print skips over invalid pfns but it would
report pages which are offline because those have a valid pfn.  Their
migrate type is misleading at best.

Now that we have pfn_to_online_page() we can use it instead of
pfn_valid() and fix this.

[mhocko@suse.com: fix build]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170519072225.GA13041@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-11-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
2ce13640b3 mm: __first_valid_page skip over offline pages 
__first_valid_page skips over invalid pfns in the range but it might
still stumble over offline pages.  At least start_isolate_page_range
will mark those set_migratetype_isolate.  This doesn't represent any
immediate AFAICS because alloc_contig_range will fail to isolate those
pages but it relies on not fully initialized page which will become a
problem later when we stop associating offline pages to zones.  Use
pfn_to_online_page to handle this.

This is more a preparatory patch than a fix.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-10-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
ccbe1e4dde mm, compaction: skip over holes in __reset_isolation_suitable 
__reset_isolation_suitable walks the whole zone pfn range and it tries
to jump over holes by checking the zone for each page.  It might still
stumble over offline pages, though.  Skip those by checking
pfn_to_online_page()

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-9-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
2d070eab2e mm: consider zone which is not fully populated to have holes 
__pageblock_pfn_to_page has two users currently, set_zone_contiguous
which checks whether the given zone contains holes and
pageblock_pfn_to_page which then carefully returns a first valid page
from the given pfn range for the given zone.  This doesn't handle zones
which are not fully populated though.  Memory pageblocks can be offlined
or might not have been onlined yet.  In such a case the zone should be
considered to have holes otherwise pfn walkers can touch and play with
offline pages.

Current callers of pageblock_pfn_to_page in compaction seem to work
properly right now because they only isolate PageBuddy
(isolate_freepages_block) or PageLRU resp.  __PageMovable
(isolate_migratepages_block) which will be always false for these pages.
It would be safer to skip these pages altogether, though.

In order to do this patch adds a new memory section state
(SECTION_IS_ONLINE) which is set in memory_present (during boot time) or
in online_pages_range during the memory hotplug.  Similarly
offline_mem_sections clears the bit and it is called when the memory
range is offlined.

pfn_to_online_page helper is then added which check the mem section and
only returns a page if it is onlined already.

Use the new helper in __pageblock_pfn_to_page and skip the whole page
block in such a case.

[mhocko@suse.com: check valid section number in pfn_to_online_page (Vlastimil),
 mark sections online after all struct pages are initialized in
 online_pages_range (Vlastimil)]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170518164210.GD18333@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-8-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
9037a99343 mm, memory_hotplug: split up register_one_node() 
Memory hotplug (add_memory_resource) has to reinitialize node
infrastructure if the node is offline (one which went through the
complete add_memory(); remove_memory() cycle).  That involves node
registration to the kobj infrastructure (register_node), the proper
association with cpus (register_cpu_under_node) and finally creation of
node<->memblock symlinks (link_mem_sections).

The last part requires to know node_start_pfn and node_spanned_pages
which we currently have but a leter patch will postpone this
initialization to the onlining phase which happens later.  In fact we do
not need to rely on the early pgdat initialization even now because the
currently hot added pfn range is currently known.

Split register_one_node into core which does all the common work for the
boot time NUMA initialization and the hotplug (__register_one_node).
register_one_node keeps the full initialization while hotplug calls
__register_one_node and manually calls link_mem_sections for the proper
range.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-6-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
1b862aecfb mm, memory_hotplug: get rid of is_zone_device_section 
Device memory hotplug hooks into regular memory hotplug only half way.
It needs memory sections to track struct pages but there is no
need/desire to associate those sections with memory blocks and export
them to the userspace via sysfs because they cannot be onlined anyway.

This is currently expressed by for_device argument to arch_add_memory
which then makes sure to associate the given memory range with
ZONE_DEVICE.  register_new_memory then relies on is_zone_device_section
to distinguish special memory hotplug from the regular one.  While this
works now, later patches in this series want to move __add_zone outside
of arch_add_memory path so we have to come up with something else.

Add want_memblock down the __add_pages path and use it to control
whether the section->memblock association should be done.
arch_add_memory then just trivially want memblock for everything but
for_device hotplug.

remove_memory_section doesn't need is_zone_device_section either.  We
can simply skip all the memblock specific cleanup if there is no
memblock for the given section.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-5-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
c8f9565716 mm, memory_hotplug: use node instead of zone in can_online_high_movable 
The primary purpose of this helper is to query the node state so use the
node id directly.  This is a preparatory patch for later changes.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Michal Hocko
dc0bbf3b7f mm: remove return value from init_currently_empty_zone 
Patch series "mm: make movable onlining suck less", v4.

Movable onlining is a real hack with many downsides - mainly
reintroduction of lowmem/highmem issues we used to have on 32b systems -
but it is the only way to make the memory hotremove more reliable which
is something that people are asking for.

The current semantic of memory movable onlinening is really cumbersome,
however.  The main reason for this is that the udev driven approach is
basically unusable because udev races with the memory probing while only
the last memory block or the one adjacent to the existing zone_movable
are allowed to be onlined movable.  In short the criterion for the
successful online_movable changes under udev's feet.  A reliable udev
approach would require a 2 phase approach where the first successful
movable online would have to check all the previous blocks and online
them in descending order.  This is hard to be considered sane.

This patchset aims at making the onlining semantic more usable.  First
of all it allows to online memory movable as long as it doesn't clash
with the existing ZONE_NORMAL.  That means that ZONE_NORMAL and
ZONE_MOVABLE cannot overlap.  Currently I preserve the original ordering
semantic so the zone always precedes the movable zone but I have plans
to remove this restriction in future because it is not really necessary.

First 3 patches are cleanups which should be ready to be merged right
away (unless I have missed something subtle of course).

Patch 4 deals with ZONE_DEVICE dependencies down the __add_pages path.

Patch 5 deals with implicit assumptions of register_one_node on pgdat
initialization.

Patches 6-10 deal with offline holes in the zone for pfn walkers.  I
hope I got all of them right but people familiar with compaction should
double check this.

Patch 11 is the core of the change.  In order to make it easier to
review I have tried it to be as minimalistic as possible and the large
code removal is moved to patch 14.

Patch 12 is a trivial follow up cleanup.  Patch 13 fixes sparse warnings
and finally patch 14 removes the unused code.

I have tested the patches in kvm:
  # qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -monitor pty -m 2G,slots=4,maxmem=4G -numa node,mem=1G -numa node,mem=1G ...

and then probed the additional memory by
  (qemu) object_add memory-backend-ram,id=mem1,size=1G
  (qemu) device_add pc-dimm,id=dimm1,memdev=mem1

Then I have used this simple script to probe the memory block by hand
  # cat probe_memblock.sh
  #!/bin/sh

  BLOCK_NR=$1

  # echo $((0x100000000+$BLOCK_NR*(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe

  # for i in $(seq 10); do sh probe_memblock.sh $i; done
  # grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones 2>/dev/null
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory35/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory36/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory37/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory38/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory39/valid_zones:Normal Movable

The main difference to the original implementation is that all new
memblocks can be both online_kernel and online_movable initially because
there is no clash obviously.  For the comparison the original
implementation would have

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory35/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory36/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory37/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory38/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory39/valid_zones:Normal Movable

Now
  # echo online_movable > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/state
  # grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones 2>/dev/null
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory35/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory36/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory37/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory38/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory39/valid_zones:Movable

Block 33 can still be online both kernel and movable while all
the remaining can be only movable.

/proc/zonelist says
  Node 0, zone   Normal
    pages free     0
          min      0
          low      0
          high     0
          spanned  0
          present  0
  --
  Node 0, zone  Movable
    pages free     32753
          min      85
          low      117
          high     149
          spanned  32768
          present  32768

A new memblock at a lower address will result in a new memblock (32)
which will still allow both Normal and Movable.

  # sh probe_memblock.sh 0
  # grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3[2-5]/valid_zones 2>/dev/null
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory35/valid_zones:Movable

and online_kernel will convert it to the zone normal properly
while 33 can be still onlined both ways.

  # echo online_kernel > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/state
  # grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3[2-5]/valid_zones 2>/dev/null
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory35/valid_zones:Movable

/proc/zoneinfo will now tell
  Node 0, zone   Normal
    pages free     65441
          min      165
          low      230
          high     295
          spanned  65536
          present  65536
  --
  Node 0, zone  Movable
    pages free     32740
          min      82
          low      114
          high     146
          spanned  32768
          present  32768

so both zones have one memblock spanned and present.

Onlining 39 should associate this block to the movable zone

  # echo online > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory39/state

/proc/zoneinfo will now tell
  Node 0, zone   Normal
    pages free     32765
          min      80
          low      112
          high     144
          spanned  32768
          present  32768
  --
  Node 0, zone  Movable
    pages free     65501
          min      160
          low      225
          high     290
          spanned  196608
          present  65536

so we will have a movable zone which spans 6 memblocks, 2 present and 4
representing a hole.

Offlining both movable blocks will lead to the zone with no present
pages which is the expected behavior I believe.

  # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory39/state
  # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/state
  # grep -A6 "Movable\|Normal" /proc/zoneinfo
  Node 0, zone   Normal
    pages free     32735
          min      90
          low      122
          high     154
          spanned  32768
          present  32768
  --
  Node 0, zone  Movable
    pages free     0
          min      0
          low      0
          high     0
          spanned  196608
          present  0

As a bonus we will get a nice cleanup in the memory hotplug codebase.

This patch (of 16):

init_currently_empty_zone doesn't have any error to return yet it is
still an int and callers try to be defensive and try to handle potential
error.  Remove this nonsense and simplify all callers.

This patch shouldn't have any visible effect

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:32 -07:00
Huang Ying
747552b1e7 mm, THP, swap: enable THP swap optimization only if has compound map 
If there is no compound map for a THP (Transparent Huge Page), it is
possible that the map count of some sub-pages of the THP is 0.  So it is
better to split the THP before swapping out.  In this way, the sub-pages
not mapped will be freed, and we can avoid the unnecessary swap out
operations for these sub-pages.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-6-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Huang Ying
b8f593cd08 mm, THP, swap: check whether THP can be split firstly 
To swap out THP (Transparent Huage Page), before splitting the THP, the
swap cluster will be allocated and the THP will be added into the swap
cache.  But it is possible that the THP cannot be split, so that we must
delete the THP from the swap cache and free the swap cluster.  To avoid
that, in this patch, whether the THP can be split is checked firstly.
The check can only be done racy, but it is good enough for most cases.

With the patch, the swap out throughput improves 3.6% (from about
4.16GB/s to about 4.31GB/s) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case
with 8 processes.  The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system.  The swap
device used is a RAM simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device.  To test
the sequential swapping out, the test case creates 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until the RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-5-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> [for can_split_huge_page()]
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Minchan Kim
0f0746589e mm, THP, swap: move anonymous THP split logic to vmscan 
The add_to_swap aims to allocate swap_space(ie, swap slot and swapcache)
so if it fails due to lack of space in case of THP or something(hdd swap
but tries THP swapout) *caller* rather than add_to_swap itself should
split the THP page and retry it with base page which is more natural.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-4-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Minchan Kim
75f6d6d29a mm, THP, swap: unify swap slot free functions to put_swap_page 
Now, get_swap_page takes struct page and allocates swap space according
to page size(ie, normal or THP) so it would be more cleaner to introduce
put_swap_page which is a counter function of get_swap_page.  Then, it
calls right swap slot free function depending on page's size.

[ying.huang@intel.com: minor cleanup and fix]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-3-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Huang Ying
38d8b4e6bd mm, THP, swap: delay splitting THP during swap out 
Patch series "THP swap: Delay splitting THP during swapping out", v11.

This patchset is to optimize the performance of Transparent Huge Page
(THP) swap.

Recently, the performance of the storage devices improved so fast that
we cannot saturate the disk bandwidth with single logical CPU when do
page swap out even on a high-end server machine.  Because the
performance of the storage device improved faster than that of single
logical CPU.  And it seems that the trend will not change in the near
future.  On the other hand, the THP becomes more and more popular
because of increased memory size.  So it becomes necessary to optimize
THP swap performance.

The advantages of the THP swap support include:

 - Batch the swap operations for the THP to reduce lock
   acquiring/releasing, including allocating/freeing the swap space,
   adding/deleting to/from the swap cache, and writing/reading the swap
   space, etc. This will help improve the performance of the THP swap.

 - The THP swap space read/write will be 2M sequential IO. It is
   particularly helpful for the swap read, which are usually 4k random
   IO. This will improve the performance of the THP swap too.

 - It will help the memory fragmentation, especially when the THP is
   heavily used by the applications. The 2M continuous pages will be
   free up after THP swapping out.

 - It will improve the THP utilization on the system with the swap
   turned on. Because the speed for khugepaged to collapse the normal
   pages into the THP is quite slow. After the THP is split during the
   swapping out, it will take quite long time for the normal pages to
   collapse back into the THP after being swapped in. The high THP
   utilization helps the efficiency of the page based memory management
   too.

There are some concerns regarding THP swap in, mainly because possible
enlarged read/write IO size (for swap in/out) may put more overhead on
the storage device.  To deal with that, the THP swap in should be turned
on only when necessary.  For example, it can be selected via
"always/never/madvise" logic, to be turned on globally, turned off
globally, or turned on only for VMA with MADV_HUGEPAGE, etc.

This patchset is the first step for the THP swap support.  The plan is
to delay splitting THP step by step, finally avoid splitting THP during
the THP swapping out and swap out/in the THP as a whole.

As the first step, in this patchset, the splitting huge page is delayed
from almost the first step of swapping out to after allocating the swap
space for the THP and adding the THP into the swap cache.  This will
reduce lock acquiring/releasing for the locks used for the swap cache
management.

With the patchset, the swap out throughput improves 15.5% (from about
3.73GB/s to about 4.31GB/s) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case
with 8 processes.  The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system.  The swap
device used is a RAM simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device.  To test
the sequential swapping out, the test case creates 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until the RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.

This patch (of 5):

In this patch, splitting huge page is delayed from almost the first step
of swapping out to after allocating the swap space for the THP
(Transparent Huge Page) and adding the THP into the swap cache.  This
will batch the corresponding operation, thus improve THP swap out
throughput.

This is the first step for the THP swap optimization.  The plan is to
delay splitting the THP step by step and avoid splitting the THP
finally.

In this patch, one swap cluster is used to hold the contents of each THP
swapped out.  So, the size of the swap cluster is changed to that of the
THP (Transparent Huge Page) on x86_64 architecture (512).  For other
architectures which want such THP swap optimization,
ARCH_USES_THP_SWAP_CLUSTER needs to be selected in the Kconfig file for
the architecture.  In effect, this will enlarge swap cluster size by 2
times on x86_64.  Which may make it harder to find a free cluster when
the swap space becomes fragmented.  So that, this may reduce the
continuous swap space allocation and sequential write in theory.  The
performance test in 0day shows no regressions caused by this.

In the future of THP swap optimization, some information of the swapped
out THP (such as compound map count) will be recorded in the
swap_cluster_info data structure.

The mem cgroup swap accounting functions are enhanced to support charge
or uncharge a swap cluster backing a THP as a whole.

The swap cluster allocate/free functions are added to allocate/free a
swap cluster for a THP.  A fair simple algorithm is used for swap
cluster allocation, that is, only the first swap device in priority list
will be tried to allocate the swap cluster.  The function will fail if
the trying is not successful, and the caller will fallback to allocate a
single swap slot instead.  This works good enough for normal cases.  If
the difference of the number of the free swap clusters among multiple
swap devices is significant, it is possible that some THPs are split
earlier than necessary.  For example, this could be caused by big size
difference among multiple swap devices.

The swap cache functions is enhanced to support add/delete THP to/from
the swap cache as a set of (HPAGE_PMD_NR) sub-pages.  This may be
enhanced in the future with multi-order radix tree.  But because we will
split the THP soon during swapping out, that optimization doesn't make
much sense for this first step.

The THP splitting functions are enhanced to support to split THP in swap
cache during swapping out.  The page lock will be held during allocating
the swap cluster, adding the THP into the swap cache and splitting the
THP.  So in the code path other than swapping out, if the THP need to be
split, the PageSwapCache(THP) will be always false.

The swap cluster is only available for SSD, so the THP swap optimization
in this patchset has no effect for HDD.

[ying.huang@intel.com: fix two issues in THP optimize patch]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87k25ed8zo.fsf@yhuang-dev.intel.com
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: extensive cleanups and simplifications, reduce code size]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-2-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> [for config option]
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> [for changes in huge_memory.c and huge_mm.h]
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Anshuman Khandual
9d85e15f1d mm/vmstat.c: standardize file operations variable names 
Standardize the file operation variable names related to all four memory
management /proc interface files.  Also change all the symbol
permissions (S_IRUGO) into octal permissions (0444) as it got complaints
from checkpatch.pl.  This does not create any functional change to the
interface.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170427030632.8588-1-khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
80b18dfa53 ksm: optimize refile of stable_node_dup at the head of the chain 
If a candidate stable_node_dup has been found and it can accept further
merges it can be refiled to the head of the list to speedup next
searches without altering which dup is found and how the dups accumulate
in the chain.

We already refiled it back to the head in the prune_stale_stable_nodes
case, but we didn't refile it if not pruning (which is more common).
And we also refiled it when it was already at the head which is
unnecessary (in the prune_stale_stable_nodes case, nr > 1 means there's
more than one dup in the chain, it doesn't mean it's not already at the
head of the chain).

The stable_node_chain list is single threaded and there's no SMP locking
contention so it should be faster to refile it to the head of the list
also if prune_stale_stable_nodes is false.

Profiling shows the refile happens 1.9% of the time when a dup is found
with a max_page_sharing limit setting of 3 (with max_page_sharing of 2
the refile never happens of course as there's never space for one more
merge) which is reasonably low.  At higher max_page_sharing values it
should be much less frequent.

This is just an optimization.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170518173721.22316-4-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Evgheni Dereveanchin <ederevea@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Gavin Guo <gavin.guo@canonical.com>
Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jay.vosburgh@canonical.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
8dc5ffcd5a ksm: swap the two output parameters of chain/chain_prune 
Some static checker complains if chain/chain_prune returns a potentially
stale pointer.

There are two output parameters to chain/chain_prune, one is tree_page
the other is stable_node_dup.  Like in get_ksm_page the caller has to
check tree_page is NULL before touching the stable_node.  Similarly in
chain/chain_prune the caller has to check tree_page before touching the
stable_node_dup returned or the original stable_node passed as
parameter.

Because the tree_page is never returned as a stale pointer, it may be
more intuitive to return tree_page and to pass stable_node_dup for
reference instead of the reverse.

This patch purely swaps the two output parameters of chain/chain_prune
as a cleanup for the static checker and to mimic the get_ksm_page
behavior more closely.  There's no change to the caller at all except
the swap, it's purely a cleanup and it is a noop from the caller point
of view.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170518173721.22316-3-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Evgheni Dereveanchin <ederevea@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Gavin Guo <gavin.guo@canonical.com>
Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jay.vosburgh@canonical.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
0ba1d0f7c4 ksm: cleanup stable_node chain collapse case 
Patch series "KSMscale cleanup/optimizations".

There are no fixes here it's just minor cleanups and optimizations.

1/3 removes makes the "fix" for the stale stable_node fall in the
    standard case without introducing new cases.  Setting stable_node to
    NULL was marginally safer, but stale pointer is still wiped from the
    caller, this looks cleaner.

2/3 should fix the false positive from Dan's static checker.

3/3 is a microoptimization to apply the the refile of future merge
    candidate dups at the head of the chain in all cases and to skip it in
    one case where we did it and but it was a noop (to avoid checking if
    it was already at the head but now we've to check it anyway so it got
    optimized away).

This patch (of 3):

When the stable_node chain is collapsed we can as well set the caller
stable_node to match the returned stable_node_dup in chain_prune().

This way the collapse case becomes indistinguishable from the regular
stable_node case and we can remove two branches from the KSM page
migration handling slow paths.

While it was all correct this looks cleaner (and faster) as the caller has
to deal with fewer special cases.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170518173721.22316-2-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Evgheni Dereveanchin <ederevea@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Gavin Guo <gavin.guo@canonical.com>
Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jay.vosburgh@canonical.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
b4fecc67cc ksm: fix use after free with merge_across_nodes = 0 
If merge_across_nodes was manually set to 0 (not the default value) by
the admin or a tuned profile on NUMA systems triggering cross-NODE page
migrations, a stable_node use after free could materialize.

If the chain is collapsed stable_node would point to the old chain that
was already freed.  stable_node_dup would be the stable_node dup now
converted to a regular stable_node and indexed in the rbtree in
replacement of the freed stable_node chain (not anymore a dup).

This special case where the chain is collapsed in the NUMA replacement
path, is now detected by setting stable_node to NULL by the chain_prune
callee if it decides to collapse the chain.  This tells the NUMA
replacement code that even if stable_node and stable_node_dup are
different, this is not a chain if stable_node is NULL, as the
stable_node_dup was converted to a regular stable_node and the chain was
collapsed.

It is generally safer for the callee to force the caller stable_node to
NULL the moment it become stale so any other mistake like this would
result in an instant Oops easier to debug than an use after free.

Otherwise the replace logic would act like if stable_node was a valid
chain, when in fact it was freed.  Notably
stable_node_chain_add_dup(page_node, stable_node) would run on a stable
stable_node.

Andrey Ryabinin found the source of the use after free in chain_prune().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170512193805.8807-2-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Reported-by: Evgheni Dereveanchin <ederevea@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Gavin Guo <gavin.guo@canonical.com>
Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jay.vosburgh@canonical.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
2c653d0ee2 ksm: introduce ksm_max_page_sharing per page deduplication limit 
Without a max deduplication limit for each KSM page, the list of the
rmap_items associated to each stable_node can grow infinitely large.

During the rmap walk each entry can take up to ~10usec to process
because of IPIs for the TLB flushing (both for the primary MMU and the
secondary MMUs with the MMU notifier).  With only 16GB of address space
shared in the same KSM page, that would amount to dozens of seconds of
kernel runtime.

A ~256 max deduplication factor will reduce the latencies of the rmap
walks on KSM pages to order of a few msec.  Just doing the
cond_resched() during the rmap walks is not enough, the list size must
have a limit too, otherwise the caller could get blocked in (schedule
friendly) kernel computations for seconds, unexpectedly.

There's room for optimization to significantly reduce the IPI delivery
cost during the page_referenced(), but at least for page_migration in
the KSM case (used by hard NUMA bindings, compaction and NUMA balancing)
it may be inevitable to send lots of IPIs if each rmap_item->mm is
active on a different CPU and there are lots of CPUs.  Even if we ignore
the IPI delivery cost, we've still to walk the whole KSM rmap list, so
we can't allow millions or billions (ulimited) number of entries in the
KSM stable_node rmap_item lists.

The limit is enforced efficiently by adding a second dimension to the
stable rbtree.  So there are three types of stable_nodes: the regular
ones (identical as before, living in the first flat dimension of the
stable rbtree), the "chains" and the "dups".

Every "chain" and all "dups" linked into a "chain" enforce the invariant
that they represent the same write protected memory content, even if
each "dup" will be pointed by a different KSM page copy of that content.
This way the stable rbtree lookup computational complexity is unaffected
if compared to an unlimited max_sharing_limit.  It is still enforced
that there cannot be KSM page content duplicates in the stable rbtree
itself.

Adding the second dimension to the stable rbtree only after the
max_page_sharing limit hits, provides for a zero memory footprint
increase on 64bit archs.  The memory overhead of the per-KSM page
stable_tree and per virtual mapping rmap_item is unchanged.  Only after
the max_page_sharing limit hits, we need to allocate a stable_tree
"chain" and rb_replace() the "regular" stable_node with the newly
allocated stable_node "chain".  After that we simply add the "regular"
stable_node to the chain as a stable_node "dup" by linking hlist_dup in
the stable_node_chain->hlist.  This way the "regular" (flat) stable_node
is converted to a stable_node "dup" living in the second dimension of
the stable rbtree.

During stable rbtree lookups the stable_node "chain" is identified as
stable_node->rmap_hlist_len == STABLE_NODE_CHAIN (aka
is_stable_node_chain()).

When dropping stable_nodes, the stable_node "dup" is identified as
stable_node->head == STABLE_NODE_DUP_HEAD (aka is_stable_node_dup()).

The STABLE_NODE_DUP_HEAD must be an unique valid pointer never used
elsewhere in any stable_node->head/node to avoid a clashes with the
stable_node->node.rb_parent_color pointer, and different from
&migrate_nodes.  So the second field of &migrate_nodes is picked and
verified as always safe with a BUILD_BUG_ON in case the list_head
implementation changes in the future.

The STABLE_NODE_DUP is picked as a random negative value in
stable_node->rmap_hlist_len.  rmap_hlist_len cannot become negative when
it's a "regular" stable_node or a stable_node "dup".

The stable_node_chain->nid is irrelevant.  The stable_node_chain->kpfn
is aliased in a union with a time field used to rate limit the
stable_node_chain->hlist prunes.

The garbage collection of the stable_node_chain happens lazily during
stable rbtree lookups (as for all other kind of stable_nodes), or while
disabling KSM with "echo 2 >/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run" while collecting the
entire stable rbtree.

While the "regular" stable_nodes and the stable_node "dups" must wait
for their underlying tree_page to be freed before they can be freed
themselves, the stable_node "chains" can be freed immediately if the
stable_node->hlist turns empty.  This is because the "chains" are never
pointed by any page->mapping and they're effectively stable rbtree KSM
self contained metadata.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix non-NUMA build]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Petr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Evgheni Dereveanchin <ederevea@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Gavin Guo <gavin.guo@canonical.com>
Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jay.vosburgh@canonical.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Wei Yang
172ffeb9b9 mm/nobootmem.c: return 0 when start_pfn equals end_pfn 
When start_pfn equals end_pfn, __free_pages_memory() has no effect and
__free_memory_core() will finally return (end_pfn - start_pfn) = 0.

This patch returns 0 directly when start_pfn equals end_pfn.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502131115.6650-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Nick Desaulniers
f2f43e566a mm/vmscan.c: fix unsequenced modification and access warning 
Clang and its -Wunsequenced emits a warning

  mm/vmscan.c:2961:25: error: unsequenced modification and access to 'gfp_mask' [-Wunsequenced]
                  .gfp_mask = (gfp_mask = current_gfp_context(gfp_mask)),
                                        ^

While it is not clear to me whether the initialization code violates the
specification (6.7.8 par 19 (ISO/IEC 9899) looks like it disagrees) the
code is quite confusing and worth cleaning up anyway.  Fix this by
reusing sc.gfp_mask rather than the updated input gfp_mask parameter.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510154030.10720-1-nick.desaulniers@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <nick.desaulniers@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Daniel Micay
ac34ceaf1c mm/mmap.c: mark protection_map as __ro_after_init 
The protection map is only modified by per-arch init code so it can be
protected from writes after the init code runs.

This change was extracted from PaX where it's part of KERNEXEC.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510174441.26163-1-danielmicay@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Dave Hansen
c4e1be9ec1 mm, sparsemem: break out of loops early 
There are a number of times that we loop over NR_MEM_SECTIONS, looking
for section_present() on each section.  But, when we have very large
physical address spaces (large MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS), NR_MEM_SECTIONS
becomes very large, making the loops quite long.

With MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS=46 and a section size of 128MB, the current loops
are 512k iterations, which we barely notice on modern hardware.  But,
raising MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS higher (like we will see on systems that
support 5-level paging) makes this 64x longer and we start to notice,
especially on slower systems like simulators.  A 10-second delay for
512k iterations is annoying.  But, a 640- second delay is crippling.

This does not help if we have extremely sparse physical address spaces,
but those are quite rare.  We expect that most of the "slow" systems
where this matters will also be quite small and non-sparse.

To fix this, we track the highest section we've ever encountered.  This
lets us know when we will *never* see another section_present(), and
lets us break out of the loops earlier.

Doing the whole for_each_present_section_nr() macro is probably
overkill, but it will ensure that any future loop iterations that we
grow are more likely to be correct.

Kirrill said "It shaved almost 40 seconds from boot time in qemu with
5-level paging enabled for me".

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170504174434.C45A4735@viggo.jf.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Kees Cook
7660a6fddc mm: allow slab_nomerge to be set at build time 
Some hardened environments want to build kernels with slab_nomerge
already set (so that they do not depend on remembering to set the kernel
command line option).  This is desired to reduce the risk of kernel heap
overflows being able to overwrite objects from merged caches and changes
the requirements for cache layout control, increasing the difficulty of
these attacks.  By keeping caches unmerged, these kinds of exploits can
usually only damage objects in the same cache (though the risk to
metadata exploitation is unchanged).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170620230911.GA25238@beast
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: David Windsor <dave@nullcore.net>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: David Windsor <dave@nullcore.net>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Daniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:31 -07:00
Canjiang Lu
e077195029 mm/slab.c: replace open-coded round-up code with ALIGN 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616072918epcms5p4ff16c24ef8472b4c3b4371823cd87856@epcms5p4
Signed-off-by: Canjiang Lu <canjiang.lu@samsung.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:30 -07:00
Wei Yang
e6d0e1dcf5 mm/slub.c: wrap kmem_cache->cpu_partial in config CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL 
kmem_cache->cpu_partial is just used when CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL is
set, so wrap it with config CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL will save some space
on 32bit arch.

This patch wraps kmem_cache->cpu_partial in config CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
and wraps its sysfs too.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502144533.10729-4-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:30 -07:00
Wei Yang
a93cf07bc3 mm/slub.c: wrap cpu_slab->partial in CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL 
cpu_slab's field partial is used when CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL is set,
which means we can save a pointer's space on each cpu for every slub
item.

This patch wraps cpu_slab->partial in CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL and wraps
its sysfs use too.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid strange 80-col tricks]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502144533.10729-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:30 -07:00
Wei Yang
d4ff6d35f6 mm/slub: reset cpu_slab's pointer in deactivate_slab() 
Each time a slab is deactivated, the page and freelist pointer should be
reset.

This patch just merges these two options into deactivate_slab().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170507031215.3130-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:30 -07:00
Wei Yang
66fdbe5203 mm/slub.c: remove a redundant assignment in ___slab_alloc() 
When the code comes to this point, there are two cases:
1. cpu_slab is deactivated
2. cpu_slab is empty

In both cased, cpu_slab->freelist is NULL at this moment.

This patch removes the redundant assignment of cpu_slab->freelist.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170507031215.3130-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:30 -07:00
Kirill A. Shutemov
bbf29ffc7f thp, mm: fix crash due race in MADV_FREE handling 
Reinette reported the following crash:

  BUG: Bad page state in process log2exe  pfn:57600
  page:ffffea00015d8000 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping:          (null) index:0x20200
  flags: 0x4000000000040019(locked|uptodate|dirty|swapbacked)
  raw: 4000000000040019 0000000000000000 0000000000020200 00000000ffffffff
  raw: ffffea00015d8020 ffffea00015d8020 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
  page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set
  bad because of flags: 0x1(locked)
  Modules linked in: rfcomm 8021q bnep intel_rapl x86_pkg_temp_thermal coretemp efivars btusb btrtl btbcm pwm_lpss_pci snd_hda_codec_hdmi btintel pwm_lpss snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_soc_skl snd_hda_codec_generic snd_soc_skl_ipc spi_pxa2xx_platform snd_soc_sst_ipc snd_soc_sst_dsp i2c_designware_platform i2c_designware_core snd_hda_ext_core snd_soc_sst_match snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec mei_me snd_hda_core mei snd_soc_rt286 snd_soc_rl6347a snd_soc_core efivarfs
  CPU: 1 PID: 354 Comm: log2exe Not tainted 4.12.0-rc7-test-test #19
  Hardware name: Intel corporation NUC6CAYS/NUC6CAYB, BIOS AYAPLCEL.86A.0027.2016.1108.1529 11/08/2016
  Call Trace:
   bad_page+0x16a/0x1f0
   free_pages_check_bad+0x117/0x190
   free_hot_cold_page+0x7b1/0xad0
   __put_page+0x70/0xa0
   madvise_free_huge_pmd+0x627/0x7b0
   madvise_free_pte_range+0x6f8/0x1150
   __walk_page_range+0x6b5/0xe30
   walk_page_range+0x13b/0x310
   madvise_free_page_range.isra.16+0xad/0xd0
   madvise_free_single_vma+0x2e4/0x470
   SyS_madvise+0x8ce/0x1450

If somebody frees the page under us and we hold the last reference to
it, put_page() would attempt to free the page before unlocking it.

The fix is trivial reorder of operations.

Dave said:
 "I came up with the exact same patch.  For posterity, here's the test
  case, generated by syzkaller and trimmed down by Reinette:

  	https://www.sr71.net/~dave/intel/log2.c

  And the config that helps detect this:

  	https://www.sr71.net/~dave/intel/config-log2"

Fixes: b8d3c4c300 ("mm/huge_memory.c: don't split THP page when MADV_FREE syscall is called")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170628101249.17879-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Reinette Chatre <reinette.chatre@intel.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 16:24:29 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
a4c20b9a57 Merge branch 'for-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu 
Pull percpu updates from Tejun Heo:
 "These are the percpu changes for the v4.13-rc1 merge window. There are
  a couple visibility related changes - tracepoints and allocator stats
  through debugfs, along with __ro_after_init markings and a cosmetic
  rename in percpu_counter.

  Please note that the simple O(#elements_in_the_chunk) area allocator
  used by percpu allocator is again showing scalability issues,
  primarily with bpf allocating and freeing large number of counters.
  Dennis is working on the replacement allocator and the percpu
  allocator will be seeing increased churns in the coming cycles"

* 'for-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
  percpu: fix static checker warnings in pcpu_destroy_chunk
  percpu: fix early calls for spinlock in pcpu_stats
  percpu: resolve err may not be initialized in pcpu_alloc
  percpu_counter: Rename __percpu_counter_add to percpu_counter_add_batch
  percpu: add tracepoint support for percpu memory
  percpu: expose statistics about percpu memory via debugfs
  percpu: migrate percpu data structures to internal header
  percpu: add missing lockdep_assert_held to func pcpu_free_area
  mark most percpu globals as __ro_after_init
 2017-07-06 08:59:41 -07:00
Jeff Layton
5660e13d2f fs: new infrastructure for writeback error handling and reporting 
Most filesystems currently use mapping_set_error and
filemap_check_errors for setting and reporting/clearing writeback errors
at the mapping level. filemap_check_errors is indirectly called from
most of the filemap_fdatawait_* functions and from
filemap_write_and_wait*. These functions are called from all sorts of
contexts to wait on writeback to finish -- e.g. mostly in fsync, but
also in truncate calls, getattr, etc.

The non-fsync callers are problematic. We should be reporting writeback
errors during fsync, but many places spread over the tree clear out
errors before they can be properly reported, or report errors at
nonsensical times.

If I get -EIO on a stat() call, there is no reason for me to assume that
it is because some previous writeback failed. The fact that it also
clears out the error such that a subsequent fsync returns 0 is a bug,
and a nasty one since that's potentially silent data corruption.

This patch adds a small bit of new infrastructure for setting and
reporting errors during address_space writeback. While the above was my
original impetus for adding this, I think it's also the case that
current fsync semantics are just problematic for userland. Most
applications that call fsync do so to ensure that the data they wrote
has hit the backing store.

In the case where there are multiple writers to the file at the same
time, this is really hard to determine. The first one to call fsync will
see any stored error, and the rest get back 0. The processes with open
fds may not be associated with one another in any way. They could even
be in different containers, so ensuring coordination between all fsync
callers is not really an option.

One way to remedy this would be to track what file descriptor was used
to dirty the file, but that's rather cumbersome and would likely be
slow. However, there is a simpler way to improve the semantics here
without incurring too much overhead.

This set adds an errseq_t to struct address_space, and a corresponding
one is added to struct file. Writeback errors are recorded in the
mapping's errseq_t, and the one in struct file is used as the "since"
value.

This changes the semantics of the Linux fsync implementation such that
applications can now use it to determine whether there were any
writeback errors since fsync(fd) was last called (or since the file was
opened in the case of fsync having never been called).

Note that those writeback errors may have occurred when writing data
that was dirtied via an entirely different fd, but that's the case now
with the current mapping_set_error/filemap_check_error infrastructure.
This will at least prevent you from getting a false report of success.

The new behavior is still consistent with the POSIX spec, and is more
reliable for application developers. This patch just adds some basic
infrastructure for doing this, and ensures that the f_wb_err "cursor"
is properly set when a file is opened. Later patches will change the
existing code to use this new infrastructure for reporting errors at
fsync time.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
 2017-07-06 07:02:25 -04:00
Jeff Layton
5e8fcc1a0f mm: don't TestClearPageError in __filemap_fdatawait_range 
The -EIO returned here can end up overriding whatever error is marked in
the address space, and be returned at fsync time, even when there is a
more appropriate error stored in the mapping.

Read errors are also sometimes tracked on a per-page level using
PG_error. Suppose we have a read error on a page, and then that page is
subsequently dirtied by overwriting the whole page. Writeback doesn't
clear PG_error, so we can then end up successfully writing back that
page and still return -EIO on fsync.

Worse yet, PG_error is cleared during a sync() syscall, but the -EIO
return from that is silently discarded. Any subsystem that is relying on
PG_error to report errors during fsync can easily lose writeback errors
due to this. All you need is a stray sync() call to wait for writeback
to complete and you've lost the error.

Since the handling of the PG_error flag is somewhat inconsistent across
subsystems, let's just rely on marking the address space when there are
writeback errors. Change the TestClearPageError call to ClearPageError,
and make __filemap_fdatawait_range a void return function.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
 2017-07-06 07:02:24 -04:00
Jeff Layton
cbeaf9510a mm: clear AS_EIO/AS_ENOSPC when writeback initiation fails 
filemap_write_and_wait{_range} will return an error if writeback
initiation fails, but won't clear errors in the address_space. This is
particularly problematic on DAX, as filemap_fdatawrite* is
effectively synchronous there. Ensure that we clear the AS_EIO/AS_ENOSPC
flags when filemap_fdatawrite* returns an error.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
 2017-07-06 07:02:23 -04:00
Jeff Layton
76341cabbd jbd2: don't clear and reset errors after waiting on writeback 
Resetting this flag is almost certainly racy, and will be problematic
with some coming changes.

Make filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors return int, but not clear the flag(s).
Have jbd2 call it instead of filemap_fdatawait and don't attempt to
re-set the error flag if it fails.

Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
 2017-07-06 07:02:22 -04:00
Jeff Layton
af21bfaf70 mm: fix mapping_set_error call in me_pagecache_dirty 
The error code should be negative.  Since this ends up in the default case
anyway, this is harmless, but it's less confusing to negate it.  Also,
later patches will require a negative error code here.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170525103355.6760-1-jlayton@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-06 07:02:19 -04:00
David Howells
f351574172 Provide a function to create a NUL-terminated string from unterminated data 
Provide a function, kmemdup_nul(), that will create a NUL-terminated string
from an unterminated character array where the length is known in advance.

This is better than kstrndup() in situations where we already know the
string length as the strnlen() in kstrndup() is superfluous.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
 2017-07-06 03:27:09 -04:00
Jeff Layton
37e51a7640 mm: clean up error handling in write_one_page 
Don't try to check PageError since that's potentially racy and not
necessarily going to be set after writepage errors out.

Instead, check the mapping for an error after writepage returns. That
should also help us detect errors that occurred if the VM tried to
clean the page earlier due to memory pressure.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
 2017-07-05 18:44:22 -04:00
Jeff Layton
2b69c8280c mm: drop "wait" parameter from write_one_page() 
The callers all set it to 1.

Also, make it clear that this function will not set any sort of AS_*
error, and that the caller must do so if necessary.  No existing caller
uses this on normal files, so none of them need it.

Also, add __must_check here since, in general, the callers need to handle
an error here in some fashion.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170525103303.6524-1-jlayton@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-07-05 18:44:22 -04:00
Linus Torvalds
7a69f9c60b Merge branch 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip 
Pull x86 mm updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes in this cycle were:

   - Continued work to add support for 5-level paging provided by future
     Intel CPUs. In particular we switch the x86 GUP code to the generic
     implementation. (Kirill A. Shutemov)

   - Continued work to add PCID CPU support to native kernels as well.
     In this round most of the focus is on reworking/refreshing the TLB
     flush infrastructure for the upcoming PCID changes. (Andy
     Lutomirski)"

* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (34 commits)
  x86/mm: Delete a big outdated comment about TLB flushing
  x86/mm: Don't reenter flush_tlb_func_common()
  x86/KASLR: Fix detection 32/64 bit bootloaders for 5-level paging
  x86/ftrace: Exclude functions in head64.c from function-tracing
  x86/mmap, ASLR: Do not treat unlimited-stack tasks as legacy mmap
  x86/mm: Remove reset_lazy_tlbstate()
  x86/ldt: Simplify the LDT switching logic
  x86/boot/64: Put __startup_64() into .head.text
  x86/mm: Add support for 5-level paging for KASLR
  x86/mm: Make kernel_physical_mapping_init() support 5-level paging
  x86/mm: Add sync_global_pgds() for configuration with 5-level paging
  x86/boot/64: Add support of additional page table level during early boot
  x86/boot/64: Rename init_level4_pgt and early_level4_pgt
  x86/boot/64: Rewrite startup_64() in C
  x86/boot/compressed: Enable 5-level paging during decompression stage
  x86/boot/efi: Define __KERNEL32_CS GDT on 64-bit configurations
  x86/boot/efi: Fix __KERNEL_CS definition of GDT entry on 64-bit configurations
  x86/boot/efi: Cleanup initialization of GDT entries
  x86/asm: Fix comment in return_from_SYSCALL_64()
  x86/mm/gup: Switch GUP to the generic get_user_page_fast() implementation
  ...
 2017-07-03 14:45:09 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
9bd42183b9 Merge branch 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip 
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes in this cycle were:

   - Add the SYSTEM_SCHEDULING bootup state to move various scheduler
     debug checks earlier into the bootup. This turns silent and
     sporadically deadly bugs into nice, deterministic splats. Fix some
     of the splats that triggered. (Thomas Gleixner)

   - A round of restructuring and refactoring of the load-balancing and
     topology code (Peter Zijlstra)

   - Another round of consolidating ~20 of incremental scheduler code
     history: this time in terms of wait-queue nomenclature. (I didn't
     get much feedback on these renaming patches, and we can still
     easily change any names I might have misplaced, so if anyone hates
     a new name, please holler and I'll fix it.) (Ingo Molnar)

   - sched/numa improvements, fixes and updates (Rik van Riel)

   - Another round of x86/tsc scheduler clock code improvements, in hope
     of making it more robust (Peter Zijlstra)

   - Improve NOHZ behavior (Frederic Weisbecker)

   - Deadline scheduler improvements and fixes (Luca Abeni, Daniel
     Bristot de Oliveira)

   - Simplify and optimize the topology setup code (Lauro Ramos
     Venancio)

   - Debloat and decouple scheduler code some more (Nicolas Pitre)

   - Simplify code by making better use of llist primitives (Byungchul
     Park)

   - ... plus other fixes and improvements"

* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (103 commits)
  sched/cputime: Refactor the cputime_adjust() code
  sched/debug: Expose the number of RT/DL tasks that can migrate
  sched/numa: Hide numa_wake_affine() from UP build
  sched/fair: Remove effective_load()
  sched/numa: Implement NUMA node level wake_affine()
  sched/fair: Simplify wake_affine() for the single socket case
  sched/numa: Override part of migrate_degrades_locality() when idle balancing
  sched/rt: Move RT related code from sched/core.c to sched/rt.c
  sched/deadline: Move DL related code from sched/core.c to sched/deadline.c
  sched/cpuset: Only offer CONFIG_CPUSETS if SMP is enabled
  sched/fair: Spare idle load balancing on nohz_full CPUs
  nohz: Move idle balancer registration to the idle path
  sched/loadavg: Generalize "_idle" naming to "_nohz"
  sched/core: Drop the unused try_get_task_struct() helper function
  sched/fair: WARN() and refuse to set buddy when !se->on_rq
  sched/debug: Fix SCHED_WARN_ON() to return a value on !CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG as well
  sched/wait: Disambiguate wq_entry->task_list and wq_head->task_list naming
  sched/wait: Move bit_wait_table[] and related functionality from sched/core.c to sched/wait_bit.c
  sched/wait: Split out the wait_bit*() APIs from <linux/wait.h> into <linux/wait_bit.h>
  sched/wait: Re-adjust macro line continuation backslashes in <linux/wait.h>
  ...
 2017-07-03 13:08:04 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
c6b1e36c8f Merge branch 'for-4.13/block' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block 
Pull core block/IO updates from Jens Axboe:
 "This is the main pull request for the block layer for 4.13. Not a huge
  round in terms of features, but there's a lot of churn related to some
  core cleanups.

  Note this depends on the UUID tree pull request, that Christoph
  already sent out.

  This pull request contains:

   - A series from Christoph, unifying the error/stats codes in the
     block layer. We now use blk_status_t everywhere, instead of using
     different schemes for different places.

   - Also from Christoph, some cleanups around request allocation and IO
     scheduler interactions in blk-mq.

   - And yet another series from Christoph, cleaning up how we handle
     and do bounce buffering in the block layer.

   - A blk-mq debugfs series from Bart, further improving on the support
     we have for exporting internal information to aid debugging IO
     hangs or stalls.

   - Also from Bart, a series that cleans up the request initialization
     differences across types of devices.

   - A series from Goldwyn Rodrigues, allowing the block layer to return
     failure if we will block and the user asked for non-blocking.

   - Patch from Hannes for supporting setting loop devices block size to
     that of the underlying device.

   - Two series of patches from Javier, fixing various issues with
     lightnvm, particular around pblk.

   - A series from me, adding support for write hints. This comes with
     NVMe support as well, so applications can help guide data placement
     on flash to improve performance, latencies, and write
     amplification.

   - A series from Ming, improving and hardening blk-mq support for
     stopping/starting and quiescing hardware queues.

   - Two pull requests for NVMe updates. Nothing major on the feature
     side, but lots of cleanups and bug fixes. From the usual crew.

   - A series from Neil Brown, greatly improving the bio rescue set
     support. Most notably, this kills the bio rescue work queues, if we
     don't really need them.

   - Lots of other little bug fixes that are all over the place"

* 'for-4.13/block' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (217 commits)
  lightnvm: pblk: set line bitmap check under debug
  lightnvm: pblk: verify that cache read is still valid
  lightnvm: pblk: add initialization check
  lightnvm: pblk: remove target using async. I/Os
  lightnvm: pblk: use vmalloc for GC data buffer
  lightnvm: pblk: use right metadata buffer for recovery
  lightnvm: pblk: schedule if data is not ready
  lightnvm: pblk: remove unused return variable
  lightnvm: pblk: fix double-free on pblk init
  lightnvm: pblk: fix bad le64 assignations
  nvme: Makefile: remove dead build rule
  blk-mq: map all HWQ also in hyperthreaded system
  nvmet-rdma: register ib_client to not deadlock in device removal
  nvme_fc: fix error recovery on link down.
  nvmet_fc: fix crashes on bad opcodes
  nvme_fc: Fix crash when nvme controller connection fails.
  nvme_fc: replace ioabort msleep loop with completion
  nvme_fc: fix double calls to nvme_cleanup_cmd()
  nvme-fabrics: verify that a controller returns the correct NQN
  nvme: simplify nvme_dev_attrs_are_visible
  ...
 2017-07-03 10:34:51 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
81e3e04489 UUID/GUID updates: 
- introduce the new uuid_t/guid_t types that are going to replace
    the somewhat confusing uuid_be/uuid_le types and make the terminology
    fit the various specs, as well as the userspace libuuid library.
    (me, based on a previous version from Amir)
  - consolidated generic uuid/guid helper functions lifted from XFS
    and libnvdimm (Amir and me)
  - conversions to the new types and helpers (Amir, Andy and me)
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Merge tag 'uuid-for-4.13' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/uuid

Pull uuid subsystem from Christoph Hellwig:
 "This is the new uuid subsystem, in which Amir, Andy and I have started
  consolidating our uuid/guid helpers and improving the types used for
  them. Note that various other subsystems have pulled in this tree, so
  I'd like it to go in early.

  UUID/GUID summary:

   - introduce the new uuid_t/guid_t types that are going to replace the
     somewhat confusing uuid_be/uuid_le types and make the terminology
     fit the various specs, as well as the userspace libuuid library.
     (me, based on a previous version from Amir)

   - consolidated generic uuid/guid helper functions lifted from XFS and
     libnvdimm (Amir and me)

   - conversions to the new types and helpers (Amir, Andy and me)"

* tag 'uuid-for-4.13' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/uuid: (34 commits)
  ACPI: hns_dsaf_acpi_dsm_guid can be static
  mmc: sdhci-pci: make guid intel_dsm_guid static
  uuid: Take const on input of uuid_is_null() and guid_is_null()
  thermal: int340x_thermal: fix compile after the UUID API switch
  thermal: int340x_thermal: Switch to use new generic UUID API
  acpi: always include uuid.h
  ACPI: Switch to use generic guid_t in acpi_evaluate_dsm()
  ACPI / extlog: Switch to use new generic UUID API
  ACPI / bus: Switch to use new generic UUID API
  ACPI / APEI: Switch to use new generic UUID API
  acpi, nfit: Switch to use new generic UUID API
  MAINTAINERS: add uuid entry
  tmpfs: generate random sb->s_uuid
  scsi_debug: switch to uuid_t
  nvme: switch to uuid_t
  sysctl: switch to use uuid_t
  partitions/ldm: switch to use uuid_t
  overlayfs: use uuid_t instead of uuid_be
  fs: switch ->s_uuid to uuid_t
  ima/policy: switch to use uuid_t
  ...
 2017-07-03 09:55:26 -07:00
Oliver O'Halloran
65f7d04978 mm, x86: Add ARCH_HAS_ZONE_DEVICE to Kconfig 
Currently ZONE_DEVICE depends on X86_64 and this will get unwieldly as
new architectures (and platforms) get ZONE_DEVICE support. Move to an
arch selected Kconfig option to save us the trouble.

Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
 2017-07-02 20:40:26 +10:00
Dennis Zhou
e3efe3db93 percpu: fix static checker warnings in pcpu_destroy_chunk 
From 5021b97f4026334d2c8dfad80797dd1028cddd73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jun 2017 07:11:41 -0700

Add NULL check in pcpu_destroy_chunk to correct static checker warnings.

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-29 11:23:38 -04:00
Ingo Molnar
1bc3cd4dfa Merge branch 'linus' into sched/core, to pick up fixes 
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-24 08:57:20 +02:00
Tejun Heo
3b7b314053 slub: make sysfs file removal asynchronous 
Commit bf5eb3de38 ("slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from
sysfs_slab_remove()") made slub sysfs file removals synchronous to
kmem_cache shutdown.

Unfortunately, this created a possible ABBA deadlock between slab_mutex
and sysfs draining mechanism triggering the following lockdep warning.

  ======================================================
  [ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
  4.10.0-test+ #48 Not tainted
  -------------------------------------------------------
  rmmod/1211 is trying to acquire lock:
   (s_active#120){++++.+}, at: [<ffffffff81308073>] kernfs_remove+0x23/0x40

  but task is already holding lock:
   (slab_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8120f691>] kmem_cache_destroy+0x41/0x2d0

  which lock already depends on the new lock.

  the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

  -> #1 (slab_mutex){+.+.+.}:
	 lock_acquire+0xf6/0x1f0
	 __mutex_lock+0x75/0x950
	 mutex_lock_nested+0x1b/0x20
	 slab_attr_store+0x75/0xd0
	 sysfs_kf_write+0x45/0x60
	 kernfs_fop_write+0x13c/0x1c0
	 __vfs_write+0x28/0x120
	 vfs_write+0xc8/0x1e0
	 SyS_write+0x49/0xa0
	 entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2

  -> #0 (s_active#120){++++.+}:
	 __lock_acquire+0x10ed/0x1260
	 lock_acquire+0xf6/0x1f0
	 __kernfs_remove+0x254/0x320
	 kernfs_remove+0x23/0x40
	 sysfs_remove_dir+0x51/0x80
	 kobject_del+0x18/0x50
	 __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x3e6/0x460
	 kmem_cache_destroy+0x1fb/0x2d0
	 kvm_exit+0x2d/0x80 [kvm]
	 vmx_exit+0x19/0xa1b [kvm_intel]
	 SyS_delete_module+0x198/0x1f0
	 entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2

  other info that might help us debug this:

   Possible unsafe locking scenario:

	 CPU0                    CPU1
	 ----                    ----
    lock(slab_mutex);
				 lock(s_active#120);
				 lock(slab_mutex);
    lock(s_active#120);

   *** DEADLOCK ***

  2 locks held by rmmod/1211:
   #0:  (cpu_hotplug.dep_map){++++++}, at: [<ffffffff810a7877>] get_online_cpus+0x37/0x80
   #1:  (slab_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8120f691>] kmem_cache_destroy+0x41/0x2d0

  stack backtrace:
  CPU: 3 PID: 1211 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 4.10.0-test+ #48
  Hardware name: Hewlett-Packard HP Compaq Pro 6300 SFF/339A, BIOS K01 v02.05 05/07/2012
  Call Trace:
   print_circular_bug+0x1be/0x210
   __lock_acquire+0x10ed/0x1260
   lock_acquire+0xf6/0x1f0
   __kernfs_remove+0x254/0x320
   kernfs_remove+0x23/0x40
   sysfs_remove_dir+0x51/0x80
   kobject_del+0x18/0x50
   __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x3e6/0x460
   kmem_cache_destroy+0x1fb/0x2d0
   kvm_exit+0x2d/0x80 [kvm]
   vmx_exit+0x19/0xa1b [kvm_intel]
   SyS_delete_module+0x198/0x1f0
   ? SyS_delete_module+0x5/0x1f0
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2

It'd be the cleanest to deal with the issue by removing sysfs files
without holding slab_mutex before the rest of shutdown; however, given
the current code structure, it is pretty difficult to do so.

This patch punts sysfs file removal to a work item.  Before commit
bf5eb3de38, the removal was punted to a RCU delayed work item which is
executed after release.  Now, we're punting to a different work item on
shutdown which still maintains the goal removing the sysfs files earlier
when destroying kmem_caches.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170620204512.GI21326@htj.duckdns.org
Fixes: bf5eb3de38 ("slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()")
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-23 16:15:55 -07:00
Ard Biesheuvel
029c54b095 mm/vmalloc.c: huge-vmap: fail gracefully on unexpected huge vmap mappings 
Existing code that uses vmalloc_to_page() may assume that any address
for which is_vmalloc_addr() returns true may be passed into
vmalloc_to_page() to retrieve the associated struct page.

This is not un unreasonable assumption to make, but on architectures
that have CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP=y, it no longer holds, and we need
to ensure that vmalloc_to_page() does not go off into the weeds trying
to dereference huge PUDs or PMDs as table entries.

Given that vmalloc() and vmap() themselves never create huge mappings or
deal with compound pages at all, there is no correct answer in this
case, so return NULL instead, and issue a warning.

When reading /proc/kcore on arm64, you will hit an oops as soon as you
hit the huge mappings used for the various segments that make up the
mapping of vmlinux.  With this patch applied, you will no longer hit the
oops, but the kcore contents willl be incorrect (these regions will be
zeroed out)

We are fixing this for kcore specifically, so it avoids vread() for
those regions.  At least one other problematic user exists, i.e.,
/dev/kmem, but that is currently broken on arm64 for other reasons.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170609082226.26152-1-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-23 16:15:55 -07:00
David Rientjes
c891d9f6bf mm, thp: remove cond_resched from __collapse_huge_page_copy 
This is a partial revert of commit 338a16ba15 ("mm, thp: copying user
pages must schedule on collapse") which added a cond_resched() to
__collapse_huge_page_copy().

On x86 with CONFIG_HIGHPTE, __collapse_huge_page_copy is called in
atomic context and thus scheduling is not possible.  This is only a
possible config on arm and i386.

Although need_resched has been shown to be set for over 100 jiffies
while doing the iteration in __collapse_huge_page_copy, this is better
than doing

	if (in_atomic())
		cond_resched()

to cover only non-CONFIG_HIGHPTE configs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1706191341550.97821@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reported-by: Larry Finger <Larry.Finger@lwfinger.net>
Tested-by: Larry Finger <Larry.Finger@lwfinger.net>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-23 16:15:55 -07:00
Ingo Molnar
a4eb8b9935 Merge branch 'linus' into x86/mm, to pick up fixes 
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-22 10:57:28 +02:00
Helge Deller
bd726c90b6 Allow stack to grow up to address space limit 
Fix expand_upwards() on architectures with an upward-growing stack (parisc,
metag and partly IA-64) to allow the stack to reliably grow exactly up to
the address space limit given by TASK_SIZE.

Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-21 11:07:18 -07:00
Hugh Dickins
f4cb767d76 mm: fix new crash in unmapped_area_topdown() 
Trinity gets kernel BUG at mm/mmap.c:1963! in about 3 minutes of
mmap testing.  That's the VM_BUG_ON(gap_end < gap_start) at the
end of unmapped_area_topdown().  Linus points out how MAP_FIXED
(which does not have to respect our stack guard gap intentions)
could result in gap_end below gap_start there.  Fix that, and
the similar case in its alternative, unmapped_area().

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 1be7107fbe ("mm: larger stack guard gap, between vmas")
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Debugged-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-21 10:56:11 -07:00
Dennis Zhou
303abfdf76 percpu: fix early calls for spinlock in pcpu_stats 
From 2c06e795162cb306c9707ec51d3e1deadb37f573 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 2017 10:17:09 -0700

Commit 30a5b5367e ("percpu: expose statistics about percpu memory via
debugfs") introduces percpu memory statistics. pcpu_stats_chunk_alloc
takes the spin lock and disables/enables irqs on creation of a chunk. Irqs
are not enabled when the first chunk is initialized and thus kernels are
failing to boot with kernel debugging enabled. Fixed by changing _irq to
_irqsave and _irqrestore.

Fixes: 30a5b5367e ("percpu: expose statistics about percpu memory via debugfs")
Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Reported-by: Alexander Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-21 13:53:52 -04:00
Dennis Zhou
11df02bf9b percpu: resolve err may not be initialized in pcpu_alloc 
From 4a42ecc735cff0015cc73c3d87edede631f4b885 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 2017 08:07:15 -0700

Add error message to out of space failure for atomic allocations in
percpu allocation path to fix -Wmaybe-uninitialized.

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-21 12:00:45 -04:00
Dmitry Safonov
280e87e98c ARM: 8683/1: ARM32: Support mremap() for sigpage/vDSO 
CRIU restores application mappings on the same place where they
were before Checkpoint. That means, that we need to move vDSO
and sigpage during restore on exactly the same place where
they were before C/R.

Make mremap() code update mm->context.{sigpage,vdso} pointers
during VMA move. Sigpage is used for landing after handling
a signal - if the pointer is not updated during moving, the
application might crash on any signal after mremap().

vDSO pointer on ARM32 is used only for setting auxv at this moment,
update it during mremap() in case of future usage.

Without those updates, current work of CRIU on ARM32 is not reliable.
Historically, we error Checkpointing if we find vDSO page on ARM32
and suggest user to disable CONFIG_VDSO.
But that's not correct - it goes from x86 where signal processing
is ended in vDSO blob. For arm32 it's sigpage, which is not disabled
with `CONFIG_VDSO=n'.

Looks like C/R was working by luck - because userspace on ARM32 at
this moment always sets SA_RESTORER.

Signed-off-by: Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Christopher Covington <cov@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
 2017-06-21 13:02:58 +01:00
Dennis Zhou
df95e795a7 percpu: add tracepoint support for percpu memory 
Add support for tracepoints to the following events: chunk allocation,
chunk free, area allocation, area free, and area allocation failure.
This should let us replay percpu memory requests and evaluate
corresponding decisions.

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 15:31:43 -04:00
Dennis Zhou
30a5b5367e percpu: expose statistics about percpu memory via debugfs 
There is limited visibility into the use of percpu memory leaving us
unable to reason about correctness of parameters and overall use of
percpu memory. These counters and statistics aim to help understand
basic statistics about percpu memory such as number of allocations over
the lifetime, allocation sizes, and fragmentation.

New Config: PERCPU_STATS

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 15:31:38 -04:00
Dennis Zhou
8fa3ed8014 percpu: migrate percpu data structures to internal header 
Migrates pcpu_chunk definition and a few percpu static variables to an
internal header file from mm/percpu.c. These will be used with debugfs
to expose statistics about percpu memory improving visibility regarding
allocations and fragmentation.

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 15:31:28 -04:00
Dennis Zhou
5ccd30e40e percpu: add missing lockdep_assert_held to func pcpu_free_area 
Add a missing lockdep_assert_held for pcpu_lock to improve consistency
and safety throughout mm/percpu.c.

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou <dennisz@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 13:43:38 -04:00
Goldwyn Rodrigues
6be96d3ad3 fs: return if direct I/O will trigger writeback 
Find out if the I/O will trigger a wait due to writeback. If yes,
return -EAGAIN.

Return -EINVAL for buffered AIO: there are multiple causes of
delay such as page locks, dirty throttling logic, page loading
from disk etc. which cannot be taken care of.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
 2017-06-20 07:12:03 -06:00
Goldwyn Rodrigues
7fc9e47224 fs: Introduce filemap_range_has_page() 
filemap_range_has_page() return true if the file's mapping has
a page within the range mentioned. This function will be used
to check if a write() call will cause a writeback of previous
writes.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
 2017-06-20 07:12:03 -06:00
Ingo Molnar
902b319413 Merge branch 'WIP.sched/core' into sched/core 
Conflicts:
	kernel/sched/Makefile

Pick up the waitqueue related renames - it didn't get much feedback,
so it appears to be uncontroversial. Famous last words? ;-)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 12:28:21 +02:00
Ingo Molnar
2055da9738 sched/wait: Disambiguate wq_entry->task_list and wq_head->task_list naming 
So I've noticed a number of instances where it was not obvious from the
code whether ->task_list was for a wait-queue head or a wait-queue entry.

Furthermore, there's a number of wait-queue users where the lists are
not for 'tasks' but other entities (poll tables, etc.), in which case
the 'task_list' name is actively confusing.

To clear this all up, name the wait-queue head and entry list structure
fields unambiguously:

	struct wait_queue_head::task_list	=> ::head
	struct wait_queue_entry::task_list	=> ::entry

For example, this code:

	rqw->wait.task_list.next != &wait->task_list

... is was pretty unclear (to me) what it's doing, while now it's written this way:

	rqw->wait.head.next != &wait->entry

... which makes it pretty clear that we are iterating a list until we see the head.

Other examples are:

	list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, next, &x->task_list, task_list) {
	list_for_each_entry(wq, &fence->wait.task_list, task_list) {

... where it's unclear (to me) what we are iterating, and during review it's
hard to tell whether it's trying to walk a wait-queue entry (which would be
a bug), while now it's written as:

	list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, next, &x->head, entry) {
	list_for_each_entry(wq, &fence->wait.head, entry) {

Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 12:19:14 +02:00
Ingo Molnar
ac6424b981 sched/wait: Rename wait_queue_t => wait_queue_entry_t 
Rename:

	wait_queue_t		=>	wait_queue_entry_t

'wait_queue_t' was always a slight misnomer: its name implies that it's a "queue",
but in reality it's a queue *entry*. The 'real' queue is the wait queue head,
which had to carry the name.

Start sorting this out by renaming it to 'wait_queue_entry_t'.

This also allows the real structure name 'struct __wait_queue' to
lose its double underscore and become 'struct wait_queue_entry',
which is the more canonical nomenclature for such data types.

Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-20 12:18:27 +02:00
Hugh Dickins
1be7107fbe mm: larger stack guard gap, between vmas 
Stack guard page is a useful feature to reduce a risk of stack smashing
into a different mapping. We have been using a single page gap which
is sufficient to prevent having stack adjacent to a different mapping.
But this seems to be insufficient in the light of the stack usage in
userspace. E.g. glibc uses as large as 64kB alloca() in many commonly
used functions. Others use constructs liks gid_t buffer[NGROUPS_MAX]
which is 256kB or stack strings with MAX_ARG_STRLEN.

This will become especially dangerous for suid binaries and the default
no limit for the stack size limit because those applications can be
tricked to consume a large portion of the stack and a single glibc call
could jump over the guard page. These attacks are not theoretical,
unfortunatelly.

Make those attacks less probable by increasing the stack guard gap
to 1MB (on systems with 4k pages; but make it depend on the page size
because systems with larger base pages might cap stack allocations in
the PAGE_SIZE units) which should cover larger alloca() and VLA stack
allocations. It is obviously not a full fix because the problem is
somehow inherent, but it should reduce attack space a lot.

One could argue that the gap size should be configurable from userspace,
but that can be done later when somebody finds that the new 1MB is wrong
for some special case applications.  For now, add a kernel command line
option (stack_guard_gap) to specify the stack gap size (in page units).

Implementation wise, first delete all the old code for stack guard page:
because although we could get away with accounting one extra page in a
stack vma, accounting a larger gap can break userspace - case in point,
a program run with "ulimit -S -v 20000" failed when the 1MB gap was
counted for RLIMIT_AS; similar problems could come with RLIMIT_MLOCK
and strict non-overcommit mode.

Instead of keeping gap inside the stack vma, maintain the stack guard
gap as a gap between vmas: using vm_start_gap() in place of vm_start
(or vm_end_gap() in place of vm_end if VM_GROWSUP) in just those few
places which need to respect the gap - mainly arch_get_unmapped_area(),
and and the vma tree's subtree_gap support for that.

Original-patch-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Original-patch-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> # parisc
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-19 21:50:20 +08:00
zhongjiang
d7143e3125 mm: correct the comment when reclaimed pages exceed the scanned pages 
Commit e1587a4945 ("mm: vmpressure: fix sending wrong events on
underflow") declared that reclaimed pages exceed the scanned pages due
to the thp reclaim.

That is incorrect because THP will be spilt to normal page and loop
again, which will result in the scanned pages increment.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment text]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1496824266-25235-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: zhongjiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-17 06:37:05 +09:00
Mark Rutland
3c226c637b mm: numa: avoid waiting on freed migrated pages 
In do_huge_pmd_numa_page(), we attempt to handle a migrating thp pmd by
waiting until the pmd is unlocked before we return and retry.  However,
we can race with migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page():

    // do_huge_pmd_numa_page                // migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
    // Holds 0 refs on page                 // Holds 2 refs on page

    vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
    /* ... */
    if (pmd_trans_migrating(*vmf->pmd)) {
            page = pmd_page(*vmf->pmd);
            spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
                                            ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
                                            if (page_count(page) != 2)) {
                                                    /* roll back */
                                            }
                                            /* ... */
                                            mlock_migrate_page(new_page, page);
                                            /* ... */
                                            spin_unlock(ptl);
                                            put_page(page);
                                            put_page(page); // page freed here
            wait_on_page_locked(page);
            goto out;
    }

This can result in the freed page having its waiters flag set
unexpectedly, which trips the PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP checks in the
page alloc/free functions.  This has been observed on arm64 KVM guests.

We can avoid this by having do_huge_pmd_numa_page() take a reference on
the page before dropping the pmd lock, mirroring what we do in
__migration_entry_wait().

When we hit the race, migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() will see the
reference and abort the migration, as it may do today in other cases.

Fixes: b8916634b7 ("mm: Prevent parallel splits during THP migration")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497349722-6731-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-17 06:37:05 +09:00
Yu Zhao
ef70762948 swap: cond_resched in swap_cgroup_prepare() 
I saw need_resched() warnings when swapping on large swapfile (TBs)
because continuously allocating many pages in swap_cgroup_prepare() took
too long.

We already cond_resched when freeing page in swap_cgroup_swapoff().  Do
the same for the page allocation.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170604200109.17606-1-yuzhao@google.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-17 06:37:05 +09:00
James Morse
7258ae5c5a mm/memory-failure.c: use compound_head() flags for huge pages 
memory_failure() chooses a recovery action function based on the page
flags.  For huge pages it uses the tail page flags which don't have
anything interesting set, resulting in:

> Memory failure: 0x9be3b4: Unknown page state
> Memory failure: 0x9be3b4: recovery action for unknown page: Failed

Instead, save a copy of the head page's flags if this is a huge page,
this means if there are no relevant flags for this tail page, we use the
head pages flags instead.  This results in the me_huge_page() recovery
action being called:

> Memory failure: 0x9b7969: recovery action for huge page: Delayed

For hugepages that have not yet been allocated, this allows the hugepage
to be dequeued.

Fixes: 524fca1e73 ("HWPOISON: fix misjudgement of page_action() for errors on mlocked pages")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524130204.21845-1-james.morse@arm.com
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Tested-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-17 06:37:05 +09:00
Christoph Hellwig
fdd050b5b3 Merge branch 'uuid-types' of bombadil.infradead.org:public_git/uuid into nvme-base 2017-06-13 11:45:14 +02:00
Kirill A. Shutemov
e585513b76 x86/mm/gup: Switch GUP to the generic get_user_page_fast() implementation 
This patch provides all required callbacks required by the generic
get_user_pages_fast() code and switches x86 over - and removes
the platform specific implementation.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170606113133.22974-2-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-13 08:56:50 +02:00
Jens Axboe
8f66439eec Linux 4.12-rc5 
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Merge tag 'v4.12-rc5' into for-4.13/block

We've already got a few conflicts and upcoming work depends on some of the
changes that have gone into mainline as regression fixes for this series.

Pull in 4.12-rc5 to resolve these conflicts and make it easier on down stream
trees to continue working on 4.13 changes.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
 2017-06-12 08:30:13 -06:00
Christoph Hellwig
4e4cbee93d block: switch bios to blk_status_t 
Replace bi_error with a new bi_status to allow for a clear conversion.
Note that device mapper overloaded bi_error with a private value, which
we'll have to keep arround at least for now and thus propagate to a
proper blk_status_t value.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
 2017-06-09 09:27:32 -06:00
Amir Goldstein
2b4db79618 tmpfs: generate random sb->s_uuid 
This is used by overlayfs to encode intrasystem unique file handles.

Suggested-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
 2017-06-05 16:59:19 +02:00
Christoph Hellwig
85787090a2 fs: switch ->s_uuid to uuid_t 
For some file systems we still memcpy into it, but in various places this
already allows us to use the proper uuid helpers.  More to come..

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> (Changes to IMA/EVM)
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
 2017-06-05 16:59:12 +02:00
Ingo Molnar
4241119eeb Linux 4.12-rc4 
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Merge tag 'v4.12-rc4' into x86/mm, to pick up fixes

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-06-05 09:54:49 +02:00
Michal Hocko
864b9a393d mm: consider memblock reservations for deferred memory initialization sizing 
We have seen an early OOM killer invocation on ppc64 systems with
crashkernel=4096M:

	kthreadd invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x16040c0(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOTRACK), nodemask=7, order=0, oom_score_adj=0
	kthreadd cpuset=/ mems_allowed=7
	CPU: 0 PID: 2 Comm: kthreadd Not tainted 4.4.68-1.gd7fe927-default #1
	Call Trace:
	  dump_stack+0xb0/0xf0 (unreliable)
	  dump_header+0xb0/0x258
	  out_of_memory+0x5f0/0x640
	  __alloc_pages_nodemask+0xa8c/0xc80
	  kmem_getpages+0x84/0x1a0
	  fallback_alloc+0x2a4/0x320
	  kmem_cache_alloc_node+0xc0/0x2e0
	  copy_process.isra.25+0x260/0x1b30
	  _do_fork+0x94/0x470
	  kernel_thread+0x48/0x60
	  kthreadd+0x264/0x330
	  ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0xa4

	Mem-Info:
	active_anon:0 inactive_anon:0 isolated_anon:0
	 active_file:0 inactive_file:0 isolated_file:0
	 unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0
	 slab_reclaimable:5 slab_unreclaimable:73
	 mapped:0 shmem:0 pagetables:0 bounce:0
	 free:0 free_pcp:0 free_cma:0
	Node 7 DMA free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:52428800kB managed:110016kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:320kB slab_unreclaimable:4672kB kernel_stack:1152kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
	lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
	Node 7 DMA: 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB 0*8192kB 0*16384kB = 0kB
	0 total pagecache pages
	0 pages in swap cache
	Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0
	Free swap  = 0kB
	Total swap = 0kB
	819200 pages RAM
	0 pages HighMem/MovableOnly
	817481 pages reserved
	0 pages cma reserved
	0 pages hwpoisoned

the reason is that the managed memory is too low (only 110MB) while the
rest of the the 50GB is still waiting for the deferred intialization to
be done.  update_defer_init estimates the initial memoty to initialize
to 2GB at least but it doesn't consider any memory allocated in that
range.  In this particular case we've had

	Reserving 4096MB of memory at 128MB for crashkernel (System RAM: 51200MB)

so the low 2GB is mostly depleted.

Fix this by considering memblock allocations in the initial static
initialization estimation.  Move the max_initialise to
reset_deferred_meminit and implement a simple memblock_reserved_memory
helper which iterates all reserved blocks and sums the size of all that
start below the given address.  The cumulative size is than added on top
of the initial estimation.  This is still not ideal because
reset_deferred_meminit doesn't consider holes and so reservation might
be above the initial estimation whihch we ignore but let's make the
logic simpler until we really need to handle more complicated cases.

Fixes: 3a80a7fa79 ("mm: meminit: initialise a subset of struct pages if CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT is set")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170531104010.GI27783@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Tested-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[4.2+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:38 -07:00
James Morse
9a291a7c94 mm/hugetlb: report -EHWPOISON not -EFAULT when FOLL_HWPOISON is specified 
KVM uses get_user_pages() to resolve its stage2 faults.  KVM sets the
FOLL_HWPOISON flag causing faultin_page() to return -EHWPOISON when it
finds a VM_FAULT_HWPOISON.  KVM handles these hwpoison pages as a
special case.  (check_user_page_hwpoison())

When huge pages are involved, this doesn't work so well.
get_user_pages() calls follow_hugetlb_page(), which stops early if it
receives VM_FAULT_HWPOISON from hugetlb_fault(), eventually returning
-EFAULT to the caller.  The step to map this to -EHWPOISON based on the
FOLL_ flags is missing.  The hwpoison special case is skipped, and
-EFAULT is returned to user-space, causing Qemu or kvmtool to exit.

Instead, move this VM_FAULT_ to errno mapping code into a header file
and use it from faultin_page() and follow_hugetlb_page().

With this, KVM works as expected.

This isn't a problem for arm64 today as we haven't enabled
MEMORY_FAILURE, but I can't see any reason this doesn't happen on x86
too, so I think this should be a fix.  This doesn't apply earlier than
stable's v4.11.1 due to all sorts of cleanup.

[james.morse@arm.com: add vm_fault_to_errno() call to faultin_page()]
suggested.
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170525171035.16359-1-james.morse@arm.com
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524160900.28786-1-james.morse@arm.com
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[4.11.1+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:38 -07:00
Yisheng Xie
70feee0e1e mlock: fix mlock count can not decrease in race condition 
Kefeng reported that when running the follow test, the mlock count in
meminfo will increase permanently:

 [1] testcase
 linux:~ # cat test_mlockal
 grep Mlocked /proc/meminfo
  for j in `seq 0 10`
  do
 	for i in `seq 4 15`
 	do
 		./p_mlockall >> log &
 	done
 	sleep 0.2
 done
 # wait some time to let mlock counter decrease and 5s may not enough
 sleep 5
 grep Mlocked /proc/meminfo

 linux:~ # cat p_mlockall.c
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>

 #define SPACE_LEN	4096

 int main(int argc, char ** argv)
 {
	 	int ret;
	 	void *adr = malloc(SPACE_LEN);
	 	if (!adr)
	 		return -1;

	 	ret = mlockall(MCL_CURRENT | MCL_FUTURE);
	 	printf("mlcokall ret = %d\n", ret);

	 	ret = munlockall();
	 	printf("munlcokall ret = %d\n", ret);

	 	free(adr);
	 	return 0;
	 }

In __munlock_pagevec() we should decrement NR_MLOCK for each page where
we clear the PageMlocked flag.  Commit 1ebb7cc6a5 ("mm: munlock: batch
NR_MLOCK zone state updates") has introduced a bug where we don't
decrement NR_MLOCK for pages where we clear the flag, but fail to
isolate them from the lru list (e.g.  when the pages are on some other
cpu's percpu pagevec).  Since PageMlocked stays cleared, the NR_MLOCK
accounting gets permanently disrupted by this.

Fix it by counting the number of page whose PageMlock flag is cleared.

Fixes: 1ebb7cc6a5 (" mm: munlock: batch NR_MLOCK zone state updates")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1495678405-54569-1-git-send-email-xieyisheng1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Yisheng Xie <xieyisheng1@huawei.com>
Reported-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Joern Engel <joern@logfs.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: zhongjiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:38 -07:00
Punit Agrawal
30809f559a mm/migrate: fix refcount handling when !hugepage_migration_supported() 
On failing to migrate a page, soft_offline_huge_page() performs the
necessary update to the hugepage ref-count.

But when !hugepage_migration_supported() , unmap_and_move_hugepage()
also decrements the page ref-count for the hugepage.  The combined
behaviour leaves the ref-count in an inconsistent state.

This leads to soft lockups when running the overcommitted hugepage test
from mce-tests suite.

  Soft offlining pfn 0x83ed600 at process virtual address 0x400000000000
  soft offline: 0x83ed600: migration failed 1, type 1fffc00000008008 (uptodate|head)
  INFO: rcu_preempt detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
   Tasks blocked on level-0 rcu_node (CPUs 0-7): P2715
    (detected by 7, t=5254 jiffies, g=963, c=962, q=321)
    thugetlb_overco R  running task        0  2715   2685 0x00000008
    Call trace:
      dump_backtrace+0x0/0x268
      show_stack+0x24/0x30
      sched_show_task+0x134/0x180
      rcu_print_detail_task_stall_rnp+0x54/0x7c
      rcu_check_callbacks+0xa74/0xb08
      update_process_times+0x34/0x60
      tick_sched_handle.isra.7+0x38/0x70
      tick_sched_timer+0x4c/0x98
      __hrtimer_run_queues+0xc0/0x300
      hrtimer_interrupt+0xac/0x228
      arch_timer_handler_phys+0x3c/0x50
      handle_percpu_devid_irq+0x8c/0x290
      generic_handle_irq+0x34/0x50
      __handle_domain_irq+0x68/0xc0
      gic_handle_irq+0x5c/0xb0

Address this by changing the putback_active_hugepage() in
soft_offline_huge_page() to putback_movable_pages().

This only triggers on systems that enable memory failure handling
(ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE) but not hugepage migration
(!ARCH_ENABLE_HUGEPAGE_MIGRATION).

I imagine this wasn't triggered as there aren't many systems running
this configuration.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove dead comment, per Naoya]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170525135146.32011-1-punit.agrawal@arm.com
Reported-by: Manoj Iyer <manoj.iyer@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Manoj Iyer <manoj.iyer@canonical.com>
Suggested-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.14+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:38 -07:00
Ross Zwisler
d0f0931de9 mm: avoid spurious 'bad pmd' warning messages 
When the pmd_devmap() checks were added by 5c7fb56e5e ("mm, dax:
dax-pmd vs thp-pmd vs hugetlbfs-pmd") to add better support for DAX huge
pages, they were all added to the end of if() statements after existing
pmd_trans_huge() checks.  So, things like:

  -       if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))
  +       if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) || pmd_devmap(*pmd))

When further checks were added after pmd_trans_unstable() checks by
commit 7267ec008b ("mm: postpone page table allocation until we have
page to map") they were also added at the end of the conditional:

  +       if (pmd_trans_unstable(fe->pmd) || pmd_devmap(*fe->pmd))

This ordering is fine for pmd_trans_huge(), but doesn't work for
pmd_trans_unstable().  This is because DAX huge pages trip the bad_pmd()
check inside of pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad() (called by
pmd_trans_unstable()), which prints out a warning and returns 1.  So, we
do end up doing the right thing, but only after spamming dmesg with
suspicious looking messages:

  mm/pgtable-generic.c:39: bad pmd ffff8808daa49b88(84000001006000a5)

Reorder these checks in a helper so that pmd_devmap() is checked first,
avoiding the error messages, and add a comment explaining why the
ordering is important.

Fixes: commit 7267ec008b ("mm: postpone page table allocation until we have page to map")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522215749.23516-1-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Pawel Lebioda <pawel.lebioda@intel.com>
Cc: "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Xiong Zhou <xzhou@redhat.com>
Cc: Eryu Guan <eguan@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:37 -07:00
Tetsuo Handa
c288983ddd mm/page_alloc.c: make sure OOM victim can try allocations with no watermarks once 
Roman Gushchin has reported that the OOM killer can trivially selects
next OOM victim when a thread doing memory allocation from page fault
path was selected as first OOM victim.

    allocate invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x14280ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
    allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
    CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ #181
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
    Call Trace:
     oom_kill_process+0x219/0x3e0
     out_of_memory+0x11d/0x480
     __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xc84/0xd40
     __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x245/0x260
     alloc_pages_vma+0xa2/0x270
     __handle_mm_fault+0xca9/0x10c0
     handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
     __do_page_fault+0x240/0x4e0
     trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
     do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
     async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
    ...
    Out of memory: Kill process 492 (allocate) score 899 or sacrifice child
    Killed process 492 (allocate) total-vm:2052368kB, anon-rss:1894576kB, file-rss:4kB, shmem-rss:0kB
    allocate: page allocation failure: order:0, mode:0x14280ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=(null)
    allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
    CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ #181
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
    Call Trace:
     __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xd32/0xd40
     __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x245/0x260
     alloc_pages_vma+0xa2/0x270
     __handle_mm_fault+0xca9/0x10c0
     handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
     __do_page_fault+0x240/0x4e0
     trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
     do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
     async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
    ...
    oom_reaper: reaped process 492 (allocate), now anon-rss:0kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
    ...
    allocate invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x0(), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
    allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
    CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ #181
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
    Call Trace:
     oom_kill_process+0x219/0x3e0
     out_of_memory+0x11d/0x480
     pagefault_out_of_memory+0x68/0x80
     mm_fault_error+0x8f/0x190
     ? handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
     __do_page_fault+0x4b2/0x4e0
     trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
     do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
     async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
    ...
    Out of memory: Kill process 233 (firewalld) score 10 or sacrifice child
    Killed process 233 (firewalld) total-vm:246076kB, anon-rss:20956kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB

There is a race window that the OOM reaper completes reclaiming the
first victim's memory while nothing but mutex_trylock() prevents the
first victim from calling out_of_memory() from pagefault_out_of_memory()
after memory allocation for page fault path failed due to being selected
as an OOM victim.

This is a side effect of commit 9a67f6488e ("mm: consolidate
GFP_NOFAIL checks in the allocator slowpath") because that commit
silently changed the behavior from

    /* Avoid allocations with no watermarks from looping endlessly */

to

    /*
     * Give up allocations without trying memory reserves if selected
     * as an OOM victim
     */

in __alloc_pages_slowpath() by moving the location to check TIF_MEMDIE
flag.  I have noticed this change but I didn't post a patch because I
thought it is an acceptable change other than noise by warn_alloc()
because !__GFP_NOFAIL allocations are allowed to fail.  But we
overlooked that failing memory allocation from page fault path makes
difference due to the race window explained above.

While it might be possible to add a check to pagefault_out_of_memory()
that prevents the first victim from calling out_of_memory() or remove
out_of_memory() from pagefault_out_of_memory(), changing
pagefault_out_of_memory() does not suppress noise by warn_alloc() when
allocating thread was selected as an OOM victim.  There is little point
with printing similar backtraces and memory information from both
out_of_memory() and warn_alloc().

Instead, if we guarantee that current thread can try allocations with no
watermarks once when current thread looping inside
__alloc_pages_slowpath() was selected as an OOM victim, we can follow "who
can use memory reserves" rules and suppress noise by warn_alloc() and
prevent memory allocations from page fault path from calling
pagefault_out_of_memory().

If we take the comment literally, this patch would do

  -    if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
  -        goto nopage;
  +    if (alloc_flags == ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS || (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOMEMALLOC))
  +        goto nopage;

because gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed() returns false if __GFP_NOMEMALLOC is
given.  But if I recall correctly (I couldn't find the message), the
condition is meant to apply to only OOM victims despite the comment.
Therefore, this patch preserves TIF_MEMDIE check.

Fixes: 9a67f6488e ("mm: consolidate GFP_NOFAIL checks in the allocator slowpath")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/201705192112.IAF69238.OQOHSJLFOFFMtV@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reported-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Tested-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[4.11]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:37 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner
478fe3037b slub/memcg: cure the brainless abuse of sysfs attributes 
memcg_propagate_slab_attrs() abuses the sysfs attribute file functions
to propagate settings from the root kmem_cache to a newly created
kmem_cache.  It does that with:

     attr->show(root, buf);
     attr->store(new, buf, strlen(bug);

Aside of being a lazy and absurd hackery this is broken because it does
not check the return value of the show() function.

Some of the show() functions return 0 w/o touching the buffer.  That
means in such a case the store function is called with the stale content
of the previous show().  That causes nonsense like invoking
kmem_cache_shrink() on a newly created kmem_cache.  In the worst case it
would cause handing in an uninitialized buffer.

This should be rewritten proper by adding a propagate() callback to
those slub_attributes which must be propagated and avoid that insane
conversion to and from ASCII, but that's too large for a hot fix.

Check at least the return value of the show() function, so calling
store() with stale content is prevented.

Steven said:
 "It can cause a deadlock with get_online_cpus() that has been uncovered
  by recent cpu hotplug and lockdep changes that Thomas and Peter have
  been doing.

     Possible unsafe locking scenario:

           CPU0                    CPU1
           ----                    ----
      lock(cpu_hotplug.lock);
                                   lock(slab_mutex);
                                   lock(cpu_hotplug.lock);
      lock(slab_mutex);

     *** DEADLOCK ***"

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1705201244540.2255@nanos
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:37 -07:00
Michal Hocko
4f4f2ba9c5 mm: clarify why we want kmalloc before falling backto vmallock 
While converting drm_[cm]alloc* helpers to kvmalloc* variants Chris
Wilson has wondered why we want to try kmalloc before vmalloc fallback
even for larger allocations requests.  Let's clarify that one larger
physically contiguous block is less likely to fragment memory than many
scattered pages which can prevent more large blocks from being created.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517080932.21423-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:37 -07:00
Andrea Arcangeli
a7306c3436 ksm: prevent crash after write_protect_page fails 
"err" needs to be left set to -EFAULT if split_huge_page succeeds.
Otherwise if "err" gets clobbered with zero and write_protect_page
fails, try_to_merge_one_page() will succeed instead of returning -EFAULT
and then try_to_merge_with_ksm_page() will continue thinking kpage is a
PageKsm when in fact it's still an anonymous page.  Eventually it'll
crash in page_add_anon_rmap.

This has been reproduced on Fedora25 kernel but I can reproduce with
upstream too.

The bug was introduced in commit f765f54059 ("ksm: prepare to new THP
semantics") introduced in v4.5.

    page:fffff67546ce1cc0 count:4 mapcount:2 mapping:ffffa094551e36e1 index:0x7f0f46673
    flags: 0x2ffffc0004007c(referenced|uptodate|dirty|lru|active|swapbacked)
    page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page))
    page->mem_cgroup:ffffa09674bf0000
    ------------[ cut here ]------------
    kernel BUG at mm/rmap.c:1222!
    CPU: 1 PID: 76 Comm: ksmd Not tainted 4.9.3-200.fc25.x86_64 #1
    RIP: do_page_add_anon_rmap+0x1c4/0x240
    Call Trace:
      page_add_anon_rmap+0x18/0x20
      try_to_merge_with_ksm_page+0x50b/0x780
      ksm_scan_thread+0x1211/0x1410
      ? prepare_to_wait_event+0x100/0x100
      ? try_to_merge_with_ksm_page+0x780/0x780
      kthread+0xd9/0xf0
      ? kthread_park+0x60/0x60
      ret_from_fork+0x25/0x30

Fixes: f765f54059 ("ksm: prepare to new THP semantics")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170513131040.21732-1-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Federico Simoncelli <fsimonce@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-06-02 15:07:37 -07:00
Andy Lutomirski
e73ad5ff2f mm, x86/mm: Make the batched unmap TLB flush API more generic 
try_to_unmap_flush() used to open-code a rather x86-centric flush
sequence: local_flush_tlb() + flush_tlb_others().  Rearrange the
code so that the arch (only x86 for now) provides
arch_tlbbatch_add_mm() and arch_tlbbatch_flush() and the core code
calls those functions instead.

I'll want this for x86 because, to enable address space ids, I can't
support the flush_tlb_others() mode used by exising
try_to_unmap_flush() implementation with good performance.  I can
support the new API fairly easily, though.

I imagine that other architectures may be in a similar position.
Architectures with strong remote flush primitives (arm64?) may have
even worse performance problems with flush_tlb_others() the way that
try_to_unmap_flush() uses it.

Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bpetkov@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/19f25a8581f9fb77876b7ff3b001f89835e34ea3.1495492063.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-05-24 10:18:27 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner
c6202adf3a mm/vmscan: Adjust system_state checks 
To enable smp_processor_id() and might_sleep() debug checks earlier, it's
required to add system states between SYSTEM_BOOTING and SYSTEM_RUNNING.

Adjust the system_state check in kswapd_run() to handle the extra states.

Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170516184736.119158930@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
 2017-05-23 10:01:37 +02:00
Minchan Kim
791b48b642 mm: vmscan: scan until it finds eligible pages 
Although there are a ton of free swap and anonymous LRU page in elgible
zones, OOM happened.

  balloon invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x17080c0(GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT|__GFP_ZERO|__GFP_NOTRACK), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
  CPU: 7 PID: 1138 Comm: balloon Not tainted 4.11.0-rc6-mm1-zram-00289-ge228d67e9677-dirty #17
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
  Call Trace:
   oom_kill_process+0x21d/0x3f0
   out_of_memory+0xd8/0x390
   __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xbc1/0xc50
   __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x1a5/0x1c0
   pte_alloc_one+0x20/0x50
   __pte_alloc+0x1e/0x110
   __handle_mm_fault+0x919/0x960
   handle_mm_fault+0x77/0x120
   __do_page_fault+0x27a/0x550
   trace_do_page_fault+0x43/0x150
   do_async_page_fault+0x2c/0x90
   async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
  Mem-Info:
  active_anon:424716 inactive_anon:65314 isolated_anon:0
   active_file:52 inactive_file:46 isolated_file:0
   unevictable:0 dirty:27 writeback:0 unstable:0
   slab_reclaimable:3967 slab_unreclaimable:4125
   mapped:133 shmem:43 pagetables:1674 bounce:0
   free:4637 free_pcp:225 free_cma:0
  Node 0 active_anon:1698864kB inactive_anon:261256kB active_file:208kB inactive_file:184kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB mapped:532kB dirty:108kB writeback:0kB shmem:172kB writeback_tmp:0kB unstable:0kB all_unreclaimable? no
  DMA free:7316kB min:32kB low:44kB high:56kB active_anon:8064kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:0kB present:15992kB managed:15908kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:464kB slab_unreclaimable:40kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:24kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 992 992 1952
  DMA32 free:9088kB min:2048kB low:3064kB high:4080kB active_anon:952176kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:36kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:88kB present:1032192kB managed:1019388kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:13532kB slab_unreclaimable:16460kB kernel_stack:3552kB pagetables:6672kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:56kB local_pcp:24kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 959
  Movable free:3644kB min:1980kB low:2960kB high:3940kB active_anon:738560kB inactive_anon:261340kB active_file:188kB inactive_file:640kB unevictable:0kB writepending:20kB present:1048444kB managed:1010816kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:832kB local_pcp:60kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
  DMA: 1*4kB (E) 0*8kB 18*16kB (E) 10*32kB (E) 10*64kB (E) 9*128kB (ME) 8*256kB (E) 2*512kB (E) 2*1024kB (E) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 7524kB
  DMA32: 417*4kB (UMEH) 181*8kB (UMEH) 68*16kB (UMEH) 48*32kB (UMEH) 14*64kB (MH) 3*128kB (M) 1*256kB (H) 1*512kB (M) 2*1024kB (M) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 9836kB
  Movable: 1*4kB (M) 1*8kB (M) 1*16kB (M) 1*32kB (M) 0*64kB 1*128kB (M) 2*256kB (M) 4*512kB (M) 1*1024kB (M) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 3772kB
  378 total pagecache pages
  17 pages in swap cache
  Swap cache stats: add 17325, delete 17302, find 0/27
  Free swap  = 978940kB
  Total swap = 1048572kB
  524157 pages RAM
  0 pages HighMem/MovableOnly
  12629 pages reserved
  0 pages cma reserved
  0 pages hwpoisoned
  [ pid ]   uid  tgid total_vm      rss nr_ptes nr_pmds swapents oom_score_adj name
  [  433]     0   433     4904        5      14       3       82             0 upstart-udev-br
  [  438]     0   438    12371        5      27       3      191         -1000 systemd-udevd

With investigation, skipping page of isolate_lru_pages makes reclaim
void because it returns zero nr_taken easily so LRU shrinking is
effectively nothing and just increases priority aggressively.  Finally,
OOM happens.

The problem is that get_scan_count determines nr_to_scan with eligible
zones so although priority drops to zero, it couldn't reclaim any pages
if the LRU contains mostly ineligible pages.

get_scan_count:

        size = lruvec_lru_size(lruvec, lru, sc->reclaim_idx);
	size = size >> sc->priority;

Assumes sc->priority is 0 and LRU list is as follows.

	N-N-N-N-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H

(Ie, small eligible pages are in the head of LRU but others are
 almost ineligible pages)

In that case, size becomes 4 so VM want to scan 4 pages but 4 pages from
tail of the LRU are not eligible pages.  If get_scan_count counts
skipped pages, it doesn't reclaim any pages remained after scanning 4
pages so it ends up OOM happening.

This patch makes isolate_lru_pages try to scan pages until it encounters
eligible zones's pages.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up mind-bending `for' statement.  Tweak comment text]
Fixes: 3db65812d6 ("Revert "mm, vmscan: account for skipped pages as a partial scan"")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494457232-27401-1-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:16 -07:00
David Rientjes
338a16ba15 mm, thp: copying user pages must schedule on collapse 
We have encountered need_resched warnings in __collapse_huge_page_copy()
while doing {clear,copy}_user_highpage() over HPAGE_PMD_NR source pages.

mm->mmap_sem is held for write, but the iteration is well bounded.

Reschedule as needed.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1705101426380.109808@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:16 -07:00
Jan Kara
cd656375f9 mm: fix data corruption due to stale mmap reads 
Currently, we didn't invalidate page tables during invalidate_inode_pages2()
for DAX.  That could result in e.g. 2MiB zero page being mapped into
page tables while there were already underlying blocks allocated and
thus data seen through mmap were different from data seen by read(2).
The following sequence reproduces the problem:

 - open an mmap over a 2MiB hole

 - read from a 2MiB hole, faulting in a 2MiB zero page

 - write to the hole with write(3p). The write succeeds but we
   incorrectly leave the 2MiB zero page mapping intact.

 - via the mmap, read the data that was just written. Since the zero
   page mapping is still intact we read back zeroes instead of the new
   data.

Fix the problem by unconditionally calling invalidate_inode_pages2_range()
in dax_iomap_actor() for new block allocations and by properly
invalidating page tables in invalidate_inode_pages2_range() for DAX
mappings.

Fixes: c6dcf52c23
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-3-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
Ross Zwisler
4636e70bb0 dax: prevent invalidation of mapped DAX entries 
Patch series "mm,dax: Fix data corruption due to mmap inconsistency",
v4.

This series fixes data corruption that can happen for DAX mounts when
page faults race with write(2) and as a result page tables get out of
sync with block mappings in the filesystem and thus data seen through
mmap is different from data seen through read(2).

The series passes testing with t_mmap_stale test program from Ross and
also other mmap related tests on DAX filesystem.

This patch (of 4):

dax_invalidate_mapping_entry() currently removes DAX exceptional entries
only if they are clean and unlocked.  This is done via:

  invalidate_mapping_pages()
    invalidate_exceptional_entry()
      dax_invalidate_mapping_entry()

However, for page cache pages removed in invalidate_mapping_pages()
there is an additional criteria which is that the page must not be
mapped.  This is noted in the comments above invalidate_mapping_pages()
and is checked in invalidate_inode_page().

For DAX entries this means that we can can end up in a situation where a
DAX exceptional entry, either a huge zero page or a regular DAX entry,
could end up mapped but without an associated radix tree entry.  This is
inconsistent with the rest of the DAX code and with what happens in the
page cache case.

We aren't able to unmap the DAX exceptional entry because according to
its comments invalidate_mapping_pages() isn't allowed to block, and
unmap_mapping_range() takes a write lock on the mapping->i_mmap_rwsem.

Since we essentially never have unmapped DAX entries to evict from the
radix tree, just remove dax_invalidate_mapping_entry().

Fixes: c6dcf52c23 ("mm: Invalidate DAX radix tree entries only if appropriate")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-2-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>    [4.10+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
Michal Hocko
8594a21cf7 mm, vmalloc: fix vmalloc users tracking properly 
Commit 1f5307b1e0 ("mm, vmalloc: properly track vmalloc users") has
pulled asm/pgtable.h include dependency to linux/vmalloc.h and that
turned out to be a bad idea for some architectures.  E.g.  m68k fails
with

   In file included from arch/m68k/include/asm/pgtable_mm.h:145:0,
                    from arch/m68k/include/asm/pgtable.h:4,
                    from include/linux/vmalloc.h:9,
                    from arch/m68k/kernel/module.c:9:
   arch/m68k/include/asm/mcf_pgtable.h: In function 'nocache_page':
>> arch/m68k/include/asm/mcf_pgtable.h:339:43: error: 'init_mm' undeclared (first use in this function)
    #define pgd_offset_k(address) pgd_offset(&init_mm, address)

as spotted by kernel build bot. nios2 fails for other reason

  In file included from include/asm-generic/io.h:767:0,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/io.h:61,
                   from include/linux/io.h:25,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/pgtable.h:18,
                   from include/linux/mm.h:70,
                   from include/linux/pid_namespace.h:6,
                   from include/linux/ptrace.h:9,
                   from arch/nios2/include/uapi/asm/elf.h:23,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/elf.h:22,
                   from include/linux/elf.h:4,
                   from include/linux/module.h:15,
                   from init/main.c:16:
  include/linux/vmalloc.h: In function '__vmalloc_node_flags':
  include/linux/vmalloc.h:99:40: error: 'PAGE_KERNEL' undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean 'GFP_KERNEL'?

which is due to the newly added #include <asm/pgtable.h>, which on nios2
includes <linux/io.h> and thus <asm/io.h> and <asm-generic/io.h> which
again includes <linux/vmalloc.h>.

Tweaking that around just turns out a bigger headache than necessary.
This patch reverts 1f5307b1e0 and reimplements the original fix in a
different way.  __vmalloc_node_flags can stay static inline which will
cover vmalloc* functions.  We only have one external user
(kvmalloc_node) and we can export __vmalloc_node_flags_caller and
provide the caller directly.  This is much simpler and it doesn't really
need any games with header files.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[mhocko@kernel.org: revert old comment]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170509211054.GB16325@dhcp22.suse.cz
Fixes: 1f5307b1e0 ("mm, vmalloc: properly track vmalloc users")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170509153702.GR6481@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
SeongJae Park
835152a259 mm/khugepaged: add missed tracepoint for collapse_huge_page_swapin 
One return case of `__collapse_huge_page_swapin()` does not invoke
tracepoint while every other return case does.  This commit adds a
tracepoint invocation for the case.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170507101813.30187-1-sj38.park@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj38.park@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
Reza Arbab
8d35bb3106 mm, vmstat: Remove spurious WARN() during zoneinfo print 
After commit e2ecc8a79e ("mm, vmstat: print non-populated zones in
zoneinfo"), /proc/zoneinfo will show unpopulated zones.

A memoryless node, having no populated zones at all, was previously
ignored, but will now trigger the WARN() in is_zone_first_populated().

Remove this warning, as its only purpose was to warn of a situation that
has since been enabled.

Aside: The "per-node stats" are still printed under the first populated
zone, but that's not necessarily the first stanza any more.  I'm not
sure which criteria is more important with regard to not breaking
parsers, but it looks a little weird to the eye.

Fixes:  e2ecc8a79e ("mm, vmstat: print node-based stats in zoneinfo file")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1493854905-10918-1-git-send-email-arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
Michal Hocko
18365225f0 hwpoison, memcg: forcibly uncharge LRU pages 
Laurent Dufour has noticed that hwpoinsoned pages are kept charged.  In
his particular case he has hit a bad_page("page still charged to
cgroup") when onlining a hwpoison page.  While this looks like something
that shouldn't happen in the first place because onlining hwpages and
returning them to the page allocator makes only little sense it shows a
real problem.

hwpoison pages do not get freed usually so we do not uncharge them (at
least not since commit 0a31bc97c8 ("mm: memcontrol: rewrite uncharge
API")).  Each charge pins memcg (since e8ea14cc6e ("mm: memcontrol:
take a css reference for each charged page")) as well and so the
mem_cgroup and the associated state will never go away.  Fix this leak
by forcibly uncharging a LRU hwpoisoned page in delete_from_lru_cache().
We also have to tweak uncharge_list because it cannot rely on zero ref
count for these pages.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Fixes: 0a31bc97c8 ("mm: memcontrol: rewrite uncharge API")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502185507.GB19165@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-12 15:57:15 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
e47b40a235 arm64 2nd set of updates for 4.12: 
- Silence module allocation failures when CONFIG_ARM*_MODULE_PLTS is
   enabled. This requires a check for __GFP_NOWARN in alloc_vmap_area()
 
 - Improve/sanitise user tagged pointers handling in the kernel
 
 - Inline asm fixes/cleanups
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux

Pull more arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:

 - Silence module allocation failures when CONFIG_ARM*_MODULE_PLTS is
   enabled. This requires a check for __GFP_NOWARN in alloc_vmap_area()

 - Improve/sanitise user tagged pointers handling in the kernel

 - Inline asm fixes/cleanups

* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
  arm64: Silence first allocation with CONFIG_ARM64_MODULE_PLTS=y
  ARM: Silence first allocation with CONFIG_ARM_MODULE_PLTS=y
  mm: Silence vmap() allocation failures based on caller gfp_flags
  arm64: uaccess: suppress spurious clang warning
  arm64: atomic_lse: match asm register sizes
  arm64: armv8_deprecated: ensure extension of addr
  arm64: uaccess: ensure extension of access_ok() addr
  arm64: ensure extension of smp_store_release value
  arm64: xchg: hazard against entire exchange variable
  arm64: documentation: document tagged pointer stack constraints
  arm64: entry: improve data abort handling of tagged pointers
  arm64: hw_breakpoint: fix watchpoint matching for tagged pointers
  arm64: traps: fix userspace cache maintenance emulation on a tagged pointer
 2017-05-11 11:27:54 -07:00
Florian Fainelli
03497d761c mm: Silence vmap() allocation failures based on caller gfp_flags 
If the caller has set __GFP_NOWARN don't print the following message:
vmap allocation for size 15736832 failed: use vmalloc=<size> to increase
size.

This can happen with the ARM/Linux or ARM64/Linux module loader built
with CONFIG_ARM{,64}_MODULE_PLTS=y which does a first attempt at loading
a large module from module space, then falls back to vmalloc space.

Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
 2017-05-11 14:41:26 +01:00
Daniel Micay
1328710b8e mark most percpu globals as __ro_after_init 
Moving pcpu_base_addr to this section comes from PaX where it's part of
KERNEXEC. This extends it to the rest of the globals only written by the
init code.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 2017-05-10 15:21:49 -04:00
Linus Torvalds
de4d195308 Merge branch 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip 
Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes are:

   - Debloat RCU headers

   - Parallelize SRCU callback handling (plus overlapping patches)

   - Improve the performance of Tree SRCU on a CPU-hotplug stress test

   - Documentation updates

   - Miscellaneous fixes"

* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (74 commits)
  rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_n_lazy_cbs() function
  rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_n_cbs() function
  rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_empty() function
  rcu: Separately compile large rcu_segcblist functions
  srcu: Debloat the <linux/rcu_segcblist.h> header
  srcu: Adjust default auto-expediting holdoff
  srcu: Specify auto-expedite holdoff time
  srcu: Expedite first synchronize_srcu() when idle
  srcu: Expedited grace periods with reduced memory contention
  srcu: Make rcutorture writer stalls print SRCU GP state
  srcu: Exact tracking of srcu_data structures containing callbacks
  srcu: Make SRCU be built by default
  srcu: Fix Kconfig botch when SRCU not selected
  rcu: Make non-preemptive schedule be Tasks RCU quiescent state
  srcu: Expedite srcu_schedule_cbs_snp() callback invocation
  srcu: Parallelize callback handling
  kvm: Move srcu_struct fields to end of struct kvm
  rcu: Fix typo in PER_RCU_NODE_PERIOD header comment
  rcu: Use true/false in assignment to bool
  rcu: Use bool value directly
  ...
 2017-05-10 10:30:46 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
339fbf6796 Merge branch 'work.iov_iter' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 
Pull vfs fix from Al Viro:
 "Braino fix for iov_iter_revert() misuse"

* 'work.iov_iter' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  fix braino in generic_file_read_iter()
 2017-05-09 09:01:21 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
bf5f89463f Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew) 
Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:

 - the rest of MM

 - various misc things

 - procfs updates

 - lib/ updates

 - checkpatch updates

 - kdump/kexec updates

 - add kvmalloc helpers, use them

 - time helper updates for Y2038 issues. We're almost ready to remove
   current_fs_time() but that awaits a btrfs merge.

 - add tracepoints to DAX

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (114 commits)
  drivers/staging/ccree/ssi_hash.c: fix build with gcc-4.4.4
  selftests/vm: add a test for virtual address range mapping
  dax: add tracepoint to dax_insert_mapping()
  dax: add tracepoint to dax_writeback_one()
  dax: add tracepoints to dax_writeback_mapping_range()
  dax: add tracepoints to dax_load_hole()
  dax: add tracepoints to dax_pfn_mkwrite()
  dax: add tracepoints to dax_iomap_pte_fault()
  mtd: nand: nandsim: convert to memalloc_noreclaim_*()
  treewide: convert PF_MEMALLOC manipulations to new helpers
  mm: introduce memalloc_noreclaim_{save,restore}
  mm: prevent potential recursive reclaim due to clearing PF_MEMALLOC
  mm/huge_memory.c: deposit a pgtable for DAX PMD faults when required
  mm/huge_memory.c: use zap_deposited_table() more
  time: delete CURRENT_TIME_SEC and CURRENT_TIME
  gfs2: replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time
  apparmorfs: replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time()
  lustre: replace CURRENT_TIME macro
  fs: ubifs: replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time
  fs: ufs: use ktime_get_real_ts64() for birthtime
  ...
 2017-05-08 18:17:56 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
499118e966 mm: introduce memalloc_noreclaim_{save,restore} 
The previous patch ("mm: prevent potential recursive reclaim due to
clearing PF_MEMALLOC") has shown that simply setting and clearing
PF_MEMALLOC in current->flags can result in wrongly clearing a
pre-existing PF_MEMALLOC flag and potentially lead to recursive reclaim.
Let's introduce helpers that support proper nesting by saving the
previous stat of the flag, similar to the existing memalloc_noio_* and
memalloc_nofs_* helpers.  Convert existing setting/clearing of
PF_MEMALLOC within mm to the new helpers.

There are no known issues with the converted code, but the change makes
it more robust.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170405074700.29871-3-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Chris Leech <cleech@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Lee Duncan <lduncan@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:15 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
62be1511b1 mm: prevent potential recursive reclaim due to clearing PF_MEMALLOC 
Patch series "more robust PF_MEMALLOC handling"

This series aims to unify the setting and clearing of PF_MEMALLOC, which
prevents recursive reclaim.  There are some places that clear the flag
unconditionally from current->flags, which may result in clearing a
pre-existing flag.  This already resulted in a bug report that Patch 1
fixes (without the new helpers, to make backporting easier).  Patch 2
introduces the new helpers, modelled after existing memalloc_noio_* and
memalloc_nofs_* helpers, and converts mm core to use them.  Patches 3
and 4 convert non-mm code.

This patch (of 4):

__alloc_pages_direct_compact() sets PF_MEMALLOC to prevent deadlock
during page migration by lock_page() (see the comment in
__unmap_and_move()).  Then it unconditionally clears the flag, which can
clear a pre-existing PF_MEMALLOC flag and result in recursive reclaim.
This was not a problem until commit a8161d1ed6 ("mm, page_alloc:
restructure direct compaction handling in slowpath"), because direct
compation was called only after direct reclaim, which was skipped when
PF_MEMALLOC flag was set.

Even now it's only a theoretical issue, as the new callsite of
__alloc_pages_direct_compact() is reached only for costly orders and
when gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed() is true, which means either
__GFP_NOMEMALLOC is in gfp_flags or in_interrupt() is true.  There is no
such known context, but let's play it safe and make
__alloc_pages_direct_compact() robust for cases where PF_MEMALLOC is
already set.

Fixes: a8161d1ed6 ("mm, page_alloc: restructure direct compaction handling in slowpath")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170405074700.29871-2-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Chris Leech <cleech@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Lee Duncan <lduncan@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:15 -07:00
Oliver O'Halloran
3b6521f535 mm/huge_memory.c: deposit a pgtable for DAX PMD faults when required 
Although all architectures use a deposited page table for THP on
anonymous VMAs, some architectures (s390 and powerpc) require the
deposited storage even for file backed VMAs due to quirks of their MMUs.

This patch adds support for depositing a table in DAX PMD fault handling
path for archs that require it.  Other architectures should see no
functional changes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170411174233.21902-3-oohall@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@ml01.01.org
Cc: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:15 -07:00
Oliver O'Halloran
c14a6eb44d mm/huge_memory.c: use zap_deposited_table() more 
Depending on the flags of the PMD being zapped there may or may not be a
deposited pgtable to be freed.  In two of the three cases this is open
coded while the third uses the zap_deposited_table() helper.  This patch
converts the others to use the helper to clean things up a bit.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170411174233.21902-2-oohall@gmail.com
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@ml01.01.org
Cc: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:15 -07:00
Tetsuo Handa
c718a97514 fs: semove set but not checked AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag 
Commit afddba49d1 ("fs: introduce write_begin, write_end, and
perform_write aops") introduced AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag which was
checked in pagecache_write_begin(), but that check was removed by
4e02ed4b4a ("fs: remove prepare_write/commit_write").

Between these two commits, commit d9414774dc ("cifs: Convert cifs to
new aops.") added a check in cifs_write_begin(), but that check was soon
removed by commit a98ee8c1c7 ("[CIFS] fix regression in
cifs_write_begin/cifs_write_end").

Therefore, AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag is checked nowhere.  Let's
remove this flag.  This patch has no functionality changes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489294781-53494-1-git-send-email-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:14 -07:00
Michal Hocko
19809c2da2 mm, vmalloc: use __GFP_HIGHMEM implicitly 
__vmalloc* allows users to provide gfp flags for the underlying
allocation.  This API is quite popular

  $ git grep "=[[:space:]]__vmalloc\|return[[:space:]]*__vmalloc" | wc -l
  77

The only problem is that many people are not aware that they really want
to give __GFP_HIGHMEM along with other flags because there is really no
reason to consume precious lowmemory on CONFIG_HIGHMEM systems for pages
which are mapped to the kernel vmalloc space.  About half of users don't
use this flag, though.  This signals that we make the API unnecessarily
too complex.

This patch simply uses __GFP_HIGHMEM implicitly when allocating pages to
be mapped to the vmalloc space.  Current users which add __GFP_HIGHMEM
are simplified and drop the flag.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307141020.29107-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Cristopher Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:13 -07:00
Huang Ying
54f180d3c1 mm, swap: use kvzalloc to allocate some swap data structures 
Now vzalloc() is used in swap code to allocate various data structures,
such as swap cache, swap slots cache, cluster info, etc.  Because the
size may be too large on some system, so that normal kzalloc() may fail.
But using kzalloc() has some advantages, for example, less memory
fragmentation, less TLB pressure, etc.  So change the data structure
allocation in swap code to use kvzalloc() which will try kzalloc()
firstly, and fallback to vzalloc() if kzalloc() failed.

In general, although kmalloc() will reduce the number of high-order
pages in short term, vmalloc() will cause more pain for memory
fragmentation in the long term.  And the swap data structure allocation
that is changed in this patch is expected to be long term allocation.

From Dave Hansen:
 "for example, we have a two-page data structure. vmalloc() takes two
  effectively random order-0 pages, probably from two different 2M pages
  and pins them. That "kills" two 2M pages. kmalloc(), allocating two
  *contiguous* pages, will not cross a 2M boundary. That means it will
  only "kill" the possibility of a single 2M page. More 2M pages == less
  fragmentation.

The allocation in this patch occurs during swap on time, which is
usually done during system boot, so usually we have high opportunity to
allocate the contiguous pages successfully.

The allocation for swap_map[] in struct swap_info_struct is not changed,
because that is usually quite large and vmalloc_to_page() is used for
it.  That makes it a little harder to change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170407064911.25447-1-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:13 -07:00
Michal Hocko
752ade68cb treewide: use kv[mz]alloc* rather than opencoded variants 
There are many code paths opencoding kvmalloc.  Let's use the helper
instead.  The main difference to kvmalloc is that those users are
usually not considering all the aspects of the memory allocator.  E.g.
allocation requests <= 32kB (with 4kB pages) are basically never failing
and invoke OOM killer to satisfy the allocation.  This sounds too
disruptive for something that has a reasonable fallback - the vmalloc.
On the other hand those requests might fallback to vmalloc even when the
memory allocator would succeed after several more reclaim/compaction
attempts previously.  There is no guarantee something like that happens
though.

This patch converts many of those places to kv[mz]alloc* helpers because
they are more conservative.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103327.2766-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> # Xen bits
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Andreas Dilger <andreas.dilger@intel.com> # Lustre
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> # KVM/s390
Acked-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> # nvdim
Acked-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> # btrfs
Acked-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> # Ceph
Acked-by: Tariq Toukan <tariqt@mellanox.com> # mlx4
Acked-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@mellanox.com> # mlx5
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Santosh Raspatur <santosh@chelsio.com>
Cc: Hariprasad S <hariprasad@chelsio.com>
Cc: Yishai Hadas <yishaih@mellanox.com>
Cc: Oleg Drokin <oleg.drokin@intel.com>
Cc: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:13 -07:00
Michal Hocko
6c5ab6511f mm: support __GFP_REPEAT in kvmalloc_node for >32kB 
vhost code uses __GFP_REPEAT when allocating vhost_virtqueue resp.
vhost_vsock because it would really like to prefer kmalloc to the
vmalloc fallback - see 23cc5a991c ("vhost-net: extend device
allocation to vmalloc") for more context.  Michael Tsirkin has also
noted:

 "__GFP_REPEAT overhead is during allocation time. Using vmalloc means
  all accesses are slowed down. Allocation is not on data path, accesses
  are."

The similar applies to other vhost_kvzalloc users.

Let's teach kvmalloc_node to handle __GFP_REPEAT properly.  There are
two things to be careful about.  First we should prevent from the OOM
killer and so have to involve __GFP_NORETRY by default and secondly
override __GFP_REPEAT for !costly order requests as the __GFP_REPEAT is
ignored for !costly orders.

Supporting __GFP_REPEAT like semantic for !costly request is possible it
would require changes in the page allocator.  This is out of scope of
this patch.

This patch shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103032.2540-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:12 -07:00
Michal Hocko
1f5307b1e0 mm, vmalloc: properly track vmalloc users 
__vmalloc_node_flags used to be static inline but this has changed by
"mm: introduce kv[mz]alloc helpers" because kvmalloc_node needs to use
it as well and the code is outside of the vmalloc proper.  I haven't
realized that changing this will lead to a subtle bug though.  The
function is responsible to track the caller as well.  This caller is
then printed by /proc/vmallocinfo.  If __vmalloc_node_flags is not
inline then we would get only direct users of __vmalloc_node_flags as
callers (e.g.  v[mz]alloc) which reduces usefulness of this debugging
feature considerably.  It simply doesn't help to see that the given
range belongs to vmalloc as a caller:

  0xffffc90002c79000-0xffffc90002c7d000   16384 vmalloc+0x16/0x18 pages=3 vmalloc N0=3
  0xffffc90002c81000-0xffffc90002c85000   16384 vmalloc+0x16/0x18 pages=3 vmalloc N1=3
  0xffffc90002c8d000-0xffffc90002c91000   16384 vmalloc+0x16/0x18 pages=3 vmalloc N1=3
  0xffffc90002c95000-0xffffc90002c99000   16384 vmalloc+0x16/0x18 pages=3 vmalloc N1=3

We really want to catch the _caller_ of the vmalloc function.  Fix this
issue by making __vmalloc_node_flags static inline again.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502134657.12381-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:12 -07:00
Michal Hocko
a7c3e901a4 mm: introduce kv[mz]alloc helpers 
Patch series "kvmalloc", v5.

There are many open coded kmalloc with vmalloc fallback instances in the
tree.  Most of them are not careful enough or simply do not care about
the underlying semantic of the kmalloc/page allocator which means that
a) some vmalloc fallbacks are basically unreachable because the kmalloc
part will keep retrying until it succeeds b) the page allocator can
invoke a really disruptive steps like the OOM killer to move forward
which doesn't sound appropriate when we consider that the vmalloc
fallback is available.

As it can be seen implementing kvmalloc requires quite an intimate
knowledge if the page allocator and the memory reclaim internals which
strongly suggests that a helper should be implemented in the memory
subsystem proper.

Most callers, I could find, have been converted to use the helper
instead.  This is patch 6.  There are some more relying on __GFP_REPEAT
in the networking stack which I have converted as well and Eric Dumazet
was not opposed [2] to convert them as well.

[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170130094940.13546-1-mhocko@kernel.org
[2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1485273626.16328.301.camel@edumazet-glaptop3.roam.corp.google.com

This patch (of 9):

Using kmalloc with the vmalloc fallback for larger allocations is a
common pattern in the kernel code.  Yet we do not have any common helper
for that and so users have invented their own helpers.  Some of them are
really creative when doing so.  Let's just add kv[mz]alloc and make sure
it is implemented properly.  This implementation makes sure to not make
a large memory pressure for > PAGE_SZE requests (__GFP_NORETRY) and also
to not warn about allocation failures.  This also rules out the OOM
killer as the vmalloc is a more approapriate fallback than a disruptive
user visible action.

This patch also changes some existing users and removes helpers which
are specific for them.  In some cases this is not possible (e.g.
ext4_kvmalloc, libcfs_kvzalloc) because those seems to be broken and
require GFP_NO{FS,IO} context which is not vmalloc compatible in general
(note that the page table allocation is GFP_KERNEL).  Those need to be
fixed separately.

While we are at it, document that __vmalloc{_node} about unsupported gfp
mask because there seems to be a lot of confusion out there.
kvmalloc_node will warn about GFP_KERNEL incompatible (which are not
superset) flags to catch new abusers.  Existing ones would have to die
slowly.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: f2fs fixup]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170320163735.332e64b7@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103032.2540-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>	[ext4 part]
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:12 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
baf6a9a1db mm, compaction: finish whole pageblock to reduce fragmentation 
The main goal of direct compaction is to form a high-order page for
allocation, but it should also help against long-term fragmentation when
possible.

Most lower-than-pageblock-order compactions are for non-movable
allocations, which means that if we compact in a movable pageblock and
terminate as soon as we create the high-order page, it's unlikely that
the fallback heuristics will claim the whole block.  Instead there might
be a single unmovable page in a pageblock full of movable pages, and the
next unmovable allocation might pick another pageblock and increase
long-term fragmentation.

To help against such scenarios, this patch changes the termination
criteria for compaction so that the current pageblock is finished even
though the high-order page already exists.  Note that it might be
possible that the high-order page formed elsewhere in the zone due to
parallel activity, but this patch doesn't try to detect that.

This is only done with sync compaction, because async compaction is
limited to pageblock of the same migratetype, where it cannot result in
a migratetype fallback.  (Async compaction also eagerly skips
order-aligned blocks where isolation fails, which is against the goal of
migrating away as much of the pageblock as possible.)

As a result of this patch, long-term memory fragmentation should be
reduced.

In testing based on 4.9 kernel with stress-highalloc from mmtests
configured for order-4 GFP_KERNEL allocations, this patch has reduced
the number of unmovable allocations falling back to movable pageblocks
by 20%.  The number

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-9-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:10 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
282722b0d2 mm, compaction: restrict async compaction to pageblocks of same migratetype 
The migrate scanner in async compaction is currently limited to
MIGRATE_MOVABLE pageblocks.  This is a heuristic intended to reduce
latency, based on the assumption that non-MOVABLE pageblocks are
unlikely to contain movable pages.

However, with the exception of THP's, most high-order allocations are
not movable.  Should the async compaction succeed, this increases the
chance that the non-MOVABLE allocations will fallback to a MOVABLE
pageblock, making the long-term fragmentation worse.

This patch attempts to help the situation by changing async direct
compaction so that the migrate scanner only scans the pageblocks of the
requested migratetype.  If it's a non-MOVABLE type and there are such
pageblocks that do contain movable pages, chances are that the
allocation can succeed within one of such pageblocks, removing the need
for a fallback.  If that fails, the subsequent sync attempt will ignore
this restriction.

In testing based on 4.9 kernel with stress-highalloc from mmtests
configured for order-4 GFP_KERNEL allocations, this patch has reduced
the number of unmovable allocations falling back to movable pageblocks
by 30%.  The number of movable allocations falling back is reduced by
12%.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-8-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:10 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
d39773a062 mm, compaction: add migratetype to compact_control 
Preparation patch.  We are going to need migratetype at lower layers
than compact_zone() and compact_finished().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-7-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:10 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
b682debd97 mm, compaction: change migrate_async_suitable() to suitable_migration_source() 
Preparation for making the decisions more complex and depending on
compact_control flags.  No functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-6-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:10 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
02aa0cdd72 mm, page_alloc: count movable pages when stealing from pageblock 
When stealing pages from pageblock of a different migratetype, we count
how many free pages were stolen, and change the pageblock's migratetype
if more than half of the pageblock was free.  This might be too
conservative, as there might be other pages that are not free, but were
allocated with the same migratetype as our allocation requested.

While we cannot determine the migratetype of allocated pages precisely
(at least without the page_owner functionality enabled), we can count
pages that compaction would try to isolate for migration - those are
either on LRU or __PageMovable().  The rest can be assumed to be
MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE or MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE, which we cannot easily
distinguish.  This counting can be done as part of free page stealing
with little additional overhead.

The page stealing code is changed so that it considers free pages plus
pages of the "good" migratetype for the decision whether to change
pageblock's migratetype.

The result should be more accurate migratetype of pageblocks wrt the
actual pages in the pageblocks, when stealing from semi-occupied
pageblocks.  This should help the efficiency of page grouping by
mobility.

In testing based on 4.9 kernel with stress-highalloc from mmtests
configured for order-4 GFP_KERNEL allocations, this patch has reduced
the number of unmovable allocations falling back to movable pageblocks
by 47%.  The number of movable allocations falling back to other
pageblocks are increased by 55%, but these events don't cause permanent
fragmentation, so the tradeoff should be positive.  Later patches also
offset the movable fallback increase to some extent.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: merge fix]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-5-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:10 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
3bc48f96cf mm, page_alloc: split smallest stolen page in fallback 
The __rmqueue_fallback() function is called when there's no free page of
requested migratetype, and we need to steal from a different one.

There are various heuristics to make this event infrequent and reduce
permanent fragmentation.  The main one is to try stealing from a
pageblock that has the most free pages, and possibly steal them all at
once and convert the whole pageblock.  Precise searching for such
pageblock would be expensive, so instead the heuristics walks the free
lists from MAX_ORDER down to requested order and assumes that the block
with highest-order free page is likely to also have the most free pages
in total.

Chances are that together with the highest-order page, we steal also
pages of lower orders from the same block.  But then we still split the
highest order page.  This is wasteful and can contribute to
fragmentation instead of avoiding it.

This patch thus changes __rmqueue_fallback() to just steal the page(s)
and put them on the freelist of the requested migratetype, and only
report whether it was successful.  Then we pick (and eventually split)
the smallest page with __rmqueue_smallest().  This all happens under
zone lock, so nobody can steal it from us in the process.  This should
reduce fragmentation due to fallbacks.  At worst we are only stealing a
single highest-order page and waste some cycles by moving it between
lists and then removing it, but fallback is not exactly hot path so that
should not be a concern.  As a side benefit the patch removes some
duplicate code by reusing __rmqueue_smallest().

[vbabka@suse.cz: fix endless loop in the modified __rmqueue()]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/59d71b35-d556-4fc9-ee2e-1574259282fd@suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-4-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:09 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
228d7e3390 mm, compaction: remove redundant watermark check in compact_finished() 
When detecting whether compaction has succeeded in forming a high-order
page, __compact_finished() employs a watermark check, followed by an own
search for a suitable page in the freelists.  This is not ideal for two
reasons:

 - The watermark check also searches high-order freelists, but has a
   less strict criteria wrt fallback. It's therefore redundant and waste
   of cycles. This was different in the past when high-order watermark
   check attempted to apply reserves to high-order pages.

 - The watermark check might actually fail due to lack of order-0 pages.
   Compaction can't help with that, so there's no point in continuing
   because of that. It's possible that high-order page still exists and
   it terminates.

This patch therefore removes the watermark check.  This should save some
cycles and terminate compaction sooner in some cases.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-3-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:09 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
f25ba6dccc mm, compaction: reorder fields in struct compact_control 
Patch series "try to reduce fragmenting fallbacks", v3.

Last year, Johannes Weiner has reported a regression in page mobility
grouping [1] and while the exact cause was not found, I've come up with
some ways to improve it by reducing the number of allocations falling
back to different migratetype and causing permanent fragmentation.

The series was tested with mmtests stress-highalloc modified to do
GFP_KERNEL order-4 allocations, on 4.9 with "mm, vmscan: fix zone
balance check in prepare_kswapd_sleep" (without that, kcompactd indeed
wasn't woken up) on UMA machine with 4GB memory.  There were 5 repeats
of each run, as the extfrag stats are quite volatile (note the stats
below are sums, not averages, as it was less perl hacking for me).

Success rate are the same, already high due to the low allocation order
used, so I'm not including them.

Compaction stats:
(the patches are stacked, and I haven't measured the non-functional-changes
patches separately)

                                     patch 1     patch 2     patch 3     patch 4     patch 7     patch 8
  Compaction stalls                    22449       24680       24846       19765       22059       17480
  Compaction success                   12971       14836       14608       10475       11632        8757
  Compaction failures                   9477        9843       10238        9290       10426        8722
  Page migrate success               3109022     3370438     3312164     1695105     1608435     2111379
  Page migrate failure                911588     1149065     1028264     1112675     1077251     1026367
  Compaction pages isolated          7242983     8015530     7782467     4629063     4402787     5377665
  Compaction migrate scanned       980838938   987367943   957690188   917647238   947155598  1018922197
  Compaction free scanned          557926893   598946443   602236894   594024490   541169699   763651731
  Compaction cost                      10243       10578       10304        8286        8398        9440

Compaction stats are mostly within noise until patch 4, which decreases
the number of compactions, and migrations.  Part of that could be due to
more pageblocks marked as unmovable, and async compaction skipping
those.  This changes a bit with patch 7, but not so much.  Patch 8
increases free scanner stats and migrations, which comes from the
changed termination criteria.  Interestingly number of compactions
decreases - probably the fully compacted pageblock satisfies multiple
subsequent allocations, so it amortizes.

Next comes the extfrag tracepoint, where "fragmenting" means that an
allocation had to fallback to a pageblock of another migratetype which
wasn't fully free (which is almost all of the fallbacks).  I have
locally added another tracepoint for "Page steal" into
steal_suitable_fallback() which triggers in situations where we are
allowed to do move_freepages_block().  If we decide to also do
set_pageblock_migratetype(), it's "Pages steal with pageblock" with
break down for which allocation migratetype we are stealing and from
which fallback migratetype.  The last part "due to counting" comes from
patch 4 and counts the events where the counting of movable pages
allowed us to change pageblock's migratetype, while the number of free
pages alone wouldn't be enough to cross the threshold.

                                                       patch 1     patch 2     patch 3     patch 4     patch 7     patch 8
  Page alloc extfrag event                            10155066     8522968    10164959    15622080    13727068    13140319
  Extfrag fragmenting                                 10149231     8517025    10159040    15616925    13721391    13134792
  Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable                     159504      168500      184177       97835       70625       56948
  Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable     153613      163549      172693       91740       64099       50917
  Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with reclaim.      5891        4951       11484        6095        6526        6031
  Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable                     4738        4829        6345        4822        5640        5378
  Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable     1836        1902        1851        1579        1739        1760
  Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with unmov.      2902        2927        4494        3243        3901        3618
  Extfrag fragmenting for movable                      9984989     8343696     9968518    15514268    13645126    13072466
  Pages steal                                           179954      192291      210880      123254       94545       81486
  Pages steal with pageblock                             22153       18943       20154       33562       29969       33444
  Pages steal with pageblock for unmovable               14350       12858       13256       20660       19003       20852
  Pages steal with pageblock for unmovable from mov.     12812       11402       11683       19072       17467       19298
  Pages steal with pageblock for unmovable from recl.     1538        1456        1573        1588        1536        1554
  Pages steal with pageblock for movable                  7114        5489        5965       11787       10012       11493
  Pages steal with pageblock for movable from unmov.      6885        5291        5541       11179        9525       10885
  Pages steal with pageblock for movable from recl.        229         198         424         608         487         608
  Pages steal with pageblock for reclaimable               689         596         933        1115         954        1099
  Pages steal with pageblock for reclaimable from unmov.   273         219         537         658         547         667
  Pages steal with pageblock for reclaimable from mov.     416         377         396         457         407         432
  Pages steal with pageblock due to counting                                                 11834       10075        7530
  ... for unmovable                                                                           8993        7381        4616
  ... for movable                                                                             2792        2653        2851
  ... for reclaimable                                                                           49          41          63

What we can see is that "Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable" and "...
placed with movable" drops with almost each patch, which is good as we
are polluting less movable pageblocks with unmovable pages.

The most significant change is patch 4 with movable page counting.  On
the other hand it increases "Extfrag fragmenting for movable" by 50%.
"Pages steal" drops though, so these movable allocation fallbacks find
only small free pages and are not allowed to steal whole pageblocks
back.  "Pages steal with pageblock" raises, because the patch increases
the chances of pageblock migratetype changes to happen.  This affects
all migratetypes.

The summary is that patch 4 is not a clear win wrt these stats, but I
believe that the tradeoff it makes is a good one.  There's less
pollution of movable pageblocks by unmovable allocations.  There's less
stealing between pageblock, and those that remain have higher chance of
changing migratetype also the pageblock itself, so it should more
faithfully reflect the migratetype of the pages within the pageblock.
The increase of movable allocations falling back to unmovable pageblock
might look dramatic, but those allocations can be migrated by compaction
when needed, and other patches in the series (7-9) improve that aspect.

Patches 7 and 8 continue the trend of reduced unmovable fallbacks and
also reduce the impact on movable fallbacks from patch 4.

[1] https://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg114237.html

This patch (of 8):

While currently there are (mostly by accident) no holes in struct
compact_control (on x86_64), but we are going to add more bool flags, so
place them all together to the end of the structure.  While at it, just
order all fields from largest to smallest.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307131545.28577-2-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-08 17:15:09 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
dd727dad37 Add GETFSMAP support; some performance improvements for very large 
file systems and for random write workloads into a preallocated file;
 bug fixes and cleanups.
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4

Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:

 - add GETFSMAP support

 - some performance improvements for very large file systems and for
   random write workloads into a preallocated file

 - bug fixes and cleanups.

* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
  jbd2: cleanup write flags handling from jbd2_write_superblock()
  ext4: mark superblock writes synchronous for nobarrier mounts
  ext4: inherit encryption xattr before other xattrs
  ext4: replace BUG_ON with WARN_ONCE in ext4_end_bio()
  ext4: avoid unnecessary transaction stalls during writeback
  ext4: preload block group descriptors
  ext4: make ext4_shutdown() static
  ext4: support GETFSMAP ioctls
  vfs: add common GETFSMAP ioctl definitions
  ext4: evict inline data when writing to memory map
  ext4: remove ext4_xattr_check_entry()
  ext4: rename ext4_xattr_check_names() to ext4_xattr_check_entries()
  ext4: merge ext4_xattr_list() into ext4_listxattr()
  ext4: constify static data that is never modified
  ext4: trim return value and 'dir' argument from ext4_insert_dentry()
  jbd2: fix dbench4 performance regression for 'nobarrier' mounts
  jbd2: Fix lockdep splat with generic/270 test
  mm: retry writepages() on ENOMEM when doing an data integrity writeback
 2017-05-08 11:30:05 -07:00
Al Viro
5b47d59af6 fix braino in generic_file_read_iter() 
Wrong sign of iov_iter_revert() argument.  Unfortunately, slipped through
the testing, since most of the time we don't do anything to the iterator
afterwards and potential oops on walking the iter->iov too far backwards
is too infrequent to be easily triggered.

Add a sanity check in iov_iter_revert() to catch bugs like this one;
fortunately, the same braino hadn't happened in other callers, but we'd
better have a warning if such thing crops up.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
 2017-05-08 13:54:47 -04:00
Linus Torvalds
c6a677c6f3 Staging/IIO patches for 4.12-rc1 
Here is the big staging tree update for 4.12-rc1.  And it's a big one,
 adding about 350k new lines of crap^Wcode, mostly all in a big dump of
 media drivers from Intel.  But there's other new drivers in here as
 well, yet-another-wifi driver, new IIO drivers, and a new crypto
 accelerator.  We also deleted a bunch of stuff, mostly in patch
 cleanups, but also the Android ION code has shrunk a lot, and the
 Android low memory killer driver was finally deleted, much to the
 celebration of the -mm developers.
 
 All of these have been in linux-next with a few build issues that will
 show up when you merge to your tree, I'll follow up with fixes for those
 after this gets merged.
 
 Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'staging-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging

Pull staging/IIO updates from Greg KH:
 "Here is the big staging tree update for 4.12-rc1.

  It's a big one, adding about 350k new lines of crap^Wcode, mostly all
  in a big dump of media drivers from Intel. But there's other new
  drivers in here as well, yet-another-wifi driver, new IIO drivers, and
  a new crypto accelerator.

  We also deleted a bunch of stuff, mostly in patch cleanups, but also
  the Android ION code has shrunk a lot, and the Android low memory
  killer driver was finally deleted, much to the celebration of the -mm
  developers.

  All of these have been in linux-next with a few build issues that will
  show up when you merge to your tree"

Merge conflicts in the new rtl8723bs driver (due to the wifi changes
this merge window) handled as per linux-next, courtesy of Stephen
Rothwell.

* tag 'staging-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging: (1182 commits)
  staging: fsl-mc/dpio: add cpu <--> LE conversion for dpaa2_fd
  staging: ks7010: remove line continuations in quoted strings
  staging: vt6656: use tabs instead of spaces
  staging: android: ion: Fix unnecessary initialization of static variable
  staging: media: atomisp: fix range checking on clk_num
  staging: media: atomisp: fix misspelled word in comment
  staging: media: atomisp: kmap() can't fail
  staging: atomisp: remove #ifdef for runtime PM functions
  staging: atomisp: satm include directory is gone
  atomisp: remove some more unused files
  atomisp: remove hmm_load/store/clear indirections
  atomisp: kill off mmgr_free
  atomisp: clean up the hmm init/cleanup indirections
  atomisp: handle allocation calls before init in the hmm layer
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add maintainer for Ethernet driver
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add TODO file
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add trace points
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add driver specific stats
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add ethtool support
  staging: fsl-dpaa2/eth: Add Freescale DPAA2 Ethernet driver
  ...
 2017-05-05 18:16:23 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
ab182e67ec arm64 updates for 4.12: 
- kdump support, including two necessary memblock additions:
   memblock_clear_nomap() and memblock_cap_memory_range()
 
 - ARMv8.3 HWCAP bits for JavaScript conversion instructions, complex
   numbers and weaker release consistency
 
 - arm64 ACPI platform MSI support
 
 - arm perf updates: ACPI PMU support, L3 cache PMU in some Qualcomm
   SoCs, Cortex-A53 L2 cache events and DTLB refills, MAINTAINERS update
   for DT perf bindings
 
 - architected timer errata framework (the arch/arm64 changes only)
 
 - support for DMA_ATTR_FORCE_CONTIGUOUS in the arm64 iommu DMA API
 
 - arm64 KVM refactoring to use common system register definitions
 
 - remove support for ASID-tagged VIVT I-cache (no ARMv8 implementation
   using it and deprecated in the architecture) together with some
   I-cache handling clean-up
 
 - PE/COFF EFI header clean-up/hardening
 
 - define BUG() instruction without CONFIG_BUG
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux

Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:

 - kdump support, including two necessary memblock additions:
   memblock_clear_nomap() and memblock_cap_memory_range()

 - ARMv8.3 HWCAP bits for JavaScript conversion instructions, complex
   numbers and weaker release consistency

 - arm64 ACPI platform MSI support

 - arm perf updates: ACPI PMU support, L3 cache PMU in some Qualcomm
   SoCs, Cortex-A53 L2 cache events and DTLB refills, MAINTAINERS update
   for DT perf bindings

 - architected timer errata framework (the arch/arm64 changes only)

 - support for DMA_ATTR_FORCE_CONTIGUOUS in the arm64 iommu DMA API

 - arm64 KVM refactoring to use common system register definitions

 - remove support for ASID-tagged VIVT I-cache (no ARMv8 implementation
   using it and deprecated in the architecture) together with some
   I-cache handling clean-up

 - PE/COFF EFI header clean-up/hardening

 - define BUG() instruction without CONFIG_BUG

* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (92 commits)
  arm64: Fix the DMA mmap and get_sgtable API with DMA_ATTR_FORCE_CONTIGUOUS
  arm64: Print DT machine model in setup_machine_fdt()
  arm64: pmu: Wire-up Cortex A53 L2 cache events and DTLB refills
  arm64: module: split core and init PLT sections
  arm64: pmuv3: handle pmuv3+
  arm64: Add CNTFRQ_EL0 trap handler
  arm64: Silence spurious kbuild warning on menuconfig
  arm64: pmuv3: use arm_pmu ACPI framework
  arm64: pmuv3: handle !PMUv3 when probing
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: add ACPI framework
  arm64: add function to get a cpu's MADT GICC table
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: split out platform device probe logic
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: move irq request/free into probe
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: split cpu-local irq request/free
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: rename irq request/free functions
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: handle no platform_device
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: simplify cpu_pmu_request_irqs()
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: factor out pmu registration
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: fold init into alloc
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: define armpmu_init_fn
  ...
 2017-05-05 12:11:37 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
4c174688ee New features for this release: 
o Pretty much a full rewrite of the processing of function plugins.
    i.e. echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter
 
  o The rewrite was needed to add plugins to be unique to tracing instances.
    i.e. mkdir instance/foo; cd instances/foo; echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter
    The old way was written very hacky. This removes a lot of those hacks.
 
  o New "function-fork" tracing option. When set, pids in the set_ftrace_pid
    will have their children added when the processes with their pids
    listed in the set_ftrace_pid file forks.
 
  o Exposure of "maxactive" for kretprobe in kprobe_events
 
  o Allow for builtin init functions to be traced by the function tracer
    (via the kernel command line). Module init function tracing will come
    in the next release.
 
  o Added more selftests, and have selftests also test in an instance.
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace

Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
 "New features for this release:

   - Pretty much a full rewrite of the processing of function plugins.
     i.e. echo do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter

   - The rewrite was needed to add plugins to be unique to tracing
     instances. i.e. mkdir instance/foo; cd instances/foo; echo
     do_IRQ:stacktrace > set_ftrace_filter The old way was written very
     hacky. This removes a lot of those hacks.

   - New "function-fork" tracing option. When set, pids in the
     set_ftrace_pid will have their children added when the processes
     with their pids listed in the set_ftrace_pid file forks.

   - Exposure of "maxactive" for kretprobe in kprobe_events

   - Allow for builtin init functions to be traced by the function
     tracer (via the kernel command line). Module init function tracing
     will come in the next release.

   - Added more selftests, and have selftests also test in an instance"

* tag 'trace-v4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (60 commits)
  ring-buffer: Return reader page back into existing ring buffer
  selftests: ftrace: Allow some event trigger tests to run in an instance
  selftests: ftrace: Have some basic tests run in a tracing instance too
  selftests: ftrace: Have event tests also run in an tracing instance
  selftests: ftrace: Make func_event_triggers and func_traceonoff_triggers tests do instances
  selftests: ftrace: Allow some tests to be run in a tracing instance
  tracing/ftrace: Allow for instances to trigger their own stacktrace probes
  tracing/ftrace: Allow for the traceonoff probe be unique to instances
  tracing/ftrace: Enable snapshot function trigger to work with instances
  tracing/ftrace: Allow instances to have their own function probes
  tracing/ftrace: Add a better way to pass data via the probe functions
  ftrace: Dynamically create the probe ftrace_ops for the trace_array
  tracing: Pass the trace_array into ftrace_probe_ops functions
  tracing: Have the trace_array hold the list of registered func probes
  ftrace: If the hash for a probe fails to update then free what was initialized
  ftrace: Have the function probes call their own function
  ftrace: Have each function probe use its own ftrace_ops
  ftrace: Have unregister_ftrace_function_probe_func() return a value
  ftrace: Add helper function ftrace_hash_move_and_update_ops()
  ftrace: Remove data field from ftrace_func_probe structure
  ...
 2017-05-03 18:41:21 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
b193859936 kasan: separate report parts by empty lines 
Makes the report easier to read.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-10-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
5ab6d91ac9 kasan: improve double-free report format 
Changes double-free report header from

  BUG: Double free or freeing an invalid pointer
  Unexpected shadow byte: 0xFB

to

  BUG: KASAN: double-free or invalid-free in kmalloc_oob_left+0xe5/0xef

This makes a bug uniquely identifiable by the first report line.  To
account for removing of the unexpected shadow value, print shadow bytes
at the end of the report as in reports for other kinds of bugs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-9-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
430a05f91d kasan: print page description after stacks 
Moves page description after the stacks since it's less important.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-8-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
0c06f1f86c kasan: improve slab object description 
Changes slab object description from:

  Object at ffff880068388540, in cache kmalloc-128 size: 128

to:

  The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff880068388540
   which belongs to the cache kmalloc-128 of size 128
  The buggy address is located 123 bytes inside of
   128-byte region [ffff880068388540, ffff8800683885c0)

Makes it more explanatory and adds information about relative offset of
the accessed address to the start of the object.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-7-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
7f0a84c23b kasan: change report header 
Change report header format from:

  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in unwind_get_return_address+0x28a/0x2c0 at addr ffff880069437950
  Read of size 8 by task insmod/3925

to:

  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in unwind_get_return_address+0x28a/0x2c0
  Read of size 8 at addr ffff880069437950 by task insmod/3925

The exact access address is not usually important, so move it to the
second line.  This also makes the header look visually balanced.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-6-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
db429f16e0 kasan: simplify address description logic 
Simplify logic for describing a memory address.  Add addr_to_page()
helper function.

Makes the code easier to follow.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-5-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
b6b72f4919 kasan: change allocation and freeing stack traces headers 
Change stack traces headers from:

  Allocated:
  PID = 42

to:

  Allocated by task 42:

Makes the report one line shorter and look better.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-4-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
7d418f7b0d kasan: unify report headers 
Unify KASAN report header format for different kinds of bad memory
accesses.  Makes the code simpler.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-3-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00
Andrey Konovalov
5e82cd1203 kasan: introduce helper functions for determining bug type 
Patch series "kasan: improve error reports", v2.

This patchset improves KASAN reports by making them easier to read and a
little more detailed.  Also improves mm/kasan/report.c readability.

Effectively changes a use-after-free report to:

  ==================================================================
  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in kmalloc_uaf+0xaa/0xb6 [test_kasan]
  Write of size 1 at addr ffff88006aa59da8 by task insmod/3951

  CPU: 1 PID: 3951 Comm: insmod Tainted: G    B           4.10.0+ #84
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
  Call Trace:
   dump_stack+0x292/0x398
   print_address_description+0x73/0x280
   kasan_report.part.2+0x207/0x2f0
   __asan_report_store1_noabort+0x2c/0x30
   kmalloc_uaf+0xaa/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2
  RIP: 0033:0x7f22cfd0b9da
  RSP: 002b:00007ffe69118a78 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000af
  RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000555671242090 RCX: 00007f22cfd0b9da
  RDX: 00007f22cffcaf88 RSI: 000000000004df7e RDI: 00007f22d0399000
  RBP: 00007f22cffcaf88 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000000
  R10: 00007f22cfd07d0a R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 0000555671243190
  R13: 000000000001fe81 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000004

  Allocated by task 3951:
   save_stack_trace+0x16/0x20
   save_stack+0x43/0xd0
   kasan_kmalloc+0xad/0xe0
   kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x82/0x270
   kmalloc_uaf+0x56/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2

  Freed by task 3951:
   save_stack_trace+0x16/0x20
   save_stack+0x43/0xd0
   kasan_slab_free+0x72/0xc0
   kfree+0xe8/0x2b0
   kmalloc_uaf+0x85/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc

  The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88006aa59da0
   which belongs to the cache kmalloc-16 of size 16
  The buggy address is located 8 bytes inside of
   16-byte region [ffff88006aa59da0, ffff88006aa59db0)
  The buggy address belongs to the page:
  page:ffffea0001aa9640 count:1 mapcount:0 mapping:          (null) index:0x0
  flags: 0x100000000000100(slab)
  raw: 0100000000000100 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000180800080
  raw: ffffea0001abe380 0000000700000007 ffff88006c401b40 0000000000000000
  page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

  Memory state around the buggy address:
   ffff88006aa59c80: 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc
   ffff88006aa59d00: 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc
  >ffff88006aa59d80: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
                                    ^
   ffff88006aa59e00: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
   ffff88006aa59e80: fb fb fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc 00 00 fc fc
  ==================================================================

from:

  ==================================================================
  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in kmalloc_uaf+0xaa/0xb6 [test_kasan] at addr ffff88006c4dcb28
  Write of size 1 by task insmod/3984
  CPU: 1 PID: 3984 Comm: insmod Tainted: G    B           4.10.0+ #83
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
  Call Trace:
   dump_stack+0x292/0x398
   kasan_object_err+0x1c/0x70
   kasan_report.part.1+0x20e/0x4e0
   __asan_report_store1_noabort+0x2c/0x30
   kmalloc_uaf+0xaa/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2
  RIP: 0033:0x7feca0f779da
  RSP: 002b:00007ffdfeae5218 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000af
  RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055a064c13090 RCX: 00007feca0f779da
  RDX: 00007feca1236f88 RSI: 000000000004df7e RDI: 00007feca1605000
  RBP: 00007feca1236f88 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000000
  R10: 00007feca0f73d0a R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 000055a064c14190
  R13: 000000000001fe81 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000004
  Object at ffff88006c4dcb20, in cache kmalloc-16 size: 16
  Allocated:
  PID = 3984
   save_stack_trace+0x16/0x20
   save_stack+0x43/0xd0
   kasan_kmalloc+0xad/0xe0
   kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x82/0x270
   kmalloc_uaf+0x56/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2
  Freed:
  PID = 3984
   save_stack_trace+0x16/0x20
   save_stack+0x43/0xd0
   kasan_slab_free+0x73/0xc0
   kfree+0xe8/0x2b0
   kmalloc_uaf+0x85/0xb6 [test_kasan]
   kmalloc_tests_init+0x4f/0xa48 [test_kasan]
   do_one_initcall+0xf3/0x390
   do_init_module+0x215/0x5d0
   load_module+0x54de/0x82b0
   SYSC_init_module+0x3be/0x430
   SyS_init_module+0x9/0x10
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2
  Memory state around the buggy address:
   ffff88006c4dca00: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
   ffff88006c4dca80: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
  >ffff88006c4dcb00: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
                                    ^
   ffff88006c4dcb80: fb fb fc fc 00 00 fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
   ffff88006c4dcc00: fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc fb fb fc fc
  ==================================================================

This patch (of 9):

Introduce get_shadow_bug_type() function, which determines bug type
based on the shadow value for a particular kernel address.  Introduce
get_wild_bug_type() function, which determines bug type for addresses
which don't have a corresponding shadow value.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302134851.101218-2-andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
 2017-05-03 15:52:12 -07:00