To ease skb->truesize sanitization, its better to be able to localize
all references to skb frags size.
Define accessors : skb_frag_size() to fetch frag size, and
skb_frag_size_{set|add|sub}() to manipulate it.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make the case labels the same indent as the switch.
(git diff -w net/appletalk shows no difference)
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commit 60d9f461a2 ("appletalk: remove
the BKL") added a dereference of "sk" before checking for NULL in
atalk_release().
Guard the code block completely, rather than partially, with the
NULL check.
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The BKL removal in appletalk introduced a use-after-free problem,
where atalk_destroy_socket frees a sock, but we still release
the socket lock on it.
An easy fix is to take an extra reference on the sock and sock_put
it when returning from atalk_release.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This changes appletalk to use lock_sock instead of
lock_kernel for serialization. I tried to make sure
that we don't hold the socket lock during sleeping
functions, but I did not try to prove whether the
locks are necessary in the first place.
Compile-tested only.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Converts the list and the core manipulating with it to be the same as uc_list.
+uses two functions for adding/removing mc address (normal and "global"
variant) instead of a function parameter.
+removes dev_mcast.c completely.
+exposes netdev_hw_addr_list_* macros along with __hw_addr_* functions for
manipulation with lists on a sandbox (used in bonding and 80211 drivers)
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Generated with the following semantic patch
@@
struct net *n1;
struct net *n2;
@@
- n1 == n2
+ net_eq(n1, n2)
@@
struct net *n1;
struct net *n2;
@@
- n1 != n2
+ !net_eq(n1, n2)
applied over {include,net,drivers/net}.
Signed-off-by: Octavian Purdila <opurdila@ixiacom.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
atalk_sum_partial can now use the rol16 function in bitops.h
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Making the BKL usage explicit in appletalk makes it more
obvious where it is used, reduces code size and helps
getting rid of the BKL in common code.
I did not analyse how to kill lock_kernel from appletalk
entirely, this will involve either proving that it's not
needed, or replacing with a proper mutex or spinlock,
after finding out which data structures are protected
by the lock.
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We must not have a compat ioctl handler for SIOCATALKDIFADDR
in common code, because the same number is used in other protocols
with different data structures.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The generic __sock_create function has a kern argument which allows the
security system to make decisions based on if a socket is being created by
the kernel or by userspace. This patch passes that flag to the
net_proto_family specific create function, so it can do the same thing.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
All usages of structure net_proto_ops should be declared const.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Have atalk_route_packet() return NET_RX_SUCCESS not NET_XMIT_SUCCESS
atalk_route_packet() returns NET_RX_DROP if it's call to
aarp_send_ddp() returns NET_XMIT_DROP. If aarp_send_ddp() returns
anything else atalk_route_packet() should return NET_RX_SUCCESS, not
NET_XMIT_SUCCESS.
Signed-off-by: Mark Smith <markzzzsmith@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
And also do a better job of returning proper NET_{RX,XMIT}_ values.
Based on a patch and suggestions by Mark Smith.
This fixes CVE-2009-2903
Reported-by: Mark Smith <lk-netdev@lk-netdev.nosense.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In all rx'd SKB cases, atalk_rcv() either eventually jumps to or falls through
to the label out:, which returns numeric 0. Numeric 0 corresponds to
NET_RX_SUCCESS, which is incorrect in failed SKB cases.
This patch makes atalk_rcv() provide the correct returns by:
o explicitly returning NET_RX_SUCCESS in the two success cases
o having the out: label return NET_RX_DROP, instead of numeric 0
o making the failed SKB labels and processing more consistent with other
_rcv() routines in the kernel, simplifying validation and removing a
backwards goto
Signed-off-by: Mark Smith <markzzzsmith@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
atalk_getname() can leak 8 bytes of kernel memory to user
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* Remove smp_lock.h from files which don't need it (including some headers!)
* Add smp_lock.h to files which do need it
* Make smp_lock.h include conditional in hardirq.h
It's needed only for one kernel_locked() usage which is under CONFIG_PREEMPT
This will make hardirq.h inclusion cheaper for every PREEMPT=n config
(which includes allmodconfig/allyesconfig, BTW)
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
commit 2b85a34e91
(net: No more expensive sock_hold()/sock_put() on each tx)
changed initial sk_wmem_alloc value.
We need to take into account this offset when reporting
sk_wmem_alloc to user, in PROC_FS files or various
ioctls (SIOCOUTQ/TIOCOUTQ)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
commit 2b85a34e91
(net: No more expensive sock_hold()/sock_put() on each tx)
changed initial sk_wmem_alloc value.
Some protocols check sk_wmem_alloc value to determine if a timer
must delay socket deallocation. We must take care of the sk_wmem_alloc
value being one instead of zero when no write allocations are pending.
Reported by Ingo Molnar, and full diagnostic from David Miller.
This patch introduces three helpers to get read/write allocations
and a followup patch will use these helpers to report correct
write allocations to user.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Protocols that use packet_type can be __read_mostly section for better
locality. Elminate any unnecessary initializations of NULL.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Impact: Use 'static const char[]' instead of 'static char[]', and
since the data is const now it can be placed in __initconst.
Fix this warning:
net/appletalk/ddp.c: In function 'atalk_init':
net/appletalk/ddp.c:1894: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Base versions handle constant folding now.
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
atif is tested for being NULL twice, with the same effect in each case. I
have kept the second test, as it seems to fit well with the comment above it.
A simplified version of the semantic patch that makes this change is as
follows: (http://www.emn.fr/x-info/coccinelle/)
// <smpl>
@r exists@
local idexpression x;
expression E;
position p1,p2;
@@
if (x@p1 == NULL || ...) { ... when forall
return ...; }
... when != \(x=E\|x--\|x++\|--x\|++x\|x-=E\|x+=E\|x|=E\|x&=E\|&x\)
(
x@p2 == NULL
|
x@p2 != NULL
)
// another path to the test that is not through p1?
@s exists@
local idexpression r.x;
position r.p1,r.p2;
@@
... when != x@p1
(
x@p2 == NULL
|
x@p2 != NULL
)
@fix depends on !s@
position r.p1,r.p2;
expression x,E;
statement S1,S2;
@@
(
- if ((x@p2 != NULL) || ...)
S1
|
- if ((x@p2 == NULL) && ...) S1
|
- BUG_ON(x@p2 == NULL);
)
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We have some reasons to kill netdev->priv:
1. netdev->priv is equal to netdev_priv().
2. netdev_priv() wraps the calculation of netdev->priv's offset, obviously
netdev_priv() is more flexible than netdev->priv.
But we cann't kill netdev->priv, because so many drivers reference to it
directly.
This patch is a safe convert for netdev->priv to netdev_priv(netdev).
Since all of the netdev->priv is only for read.
But it is too big to be sent in one mail.
I split it to 4 parts and make every part smaller than 100,000 bytes,
which is max size allowed by vger.
Signed-off-by: Wang Chen <wangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Clean up the various different email addresses of mine listed in the code
to a single current and valid address. As Dave says his network merges
for 2.6.28 are now done this seems a good point to send them in where
they won't risk disrupting real changes.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Removes legacy reinvent-the-wheel type thing. The generic
machinery integrates much better to automated debugging aids
such as kerneloops.org (and others), and is unambiguous due to
better naming. Non-intuively BUG_TRAP() is actually equal to
WARN_ON() rather than BUG_ON() though some might actually be
promoted to BUG_ON() but I left that to future.
I could make at least one BUILD_BUG_ON conversion.
Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Without CONFIG_NET_NS, namespace is always &init_net.
Compiler will be able to omit namespace comparisons with this patch.
Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Introduce per-net_device inlines: dev_net(), dev_net_set().
Without CONFIG_NET_NS, no namespace other than &init_net exists.
Let's explicitly define them to help compiler optimizations.
Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
Many-many code in the kernel initialized the timer->function
and timer->data together with calling init_timer(timer). There
is already a helper for this. Use it for networking code.
The patch is HUGE, but makes the code 130 lines shorter
(98 insertions(+), 228 deletions(-)).
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Finally, the zero_it argument can be completely removed from
the callers and from the function prototype.
Besides, fix the checkpatch.pl warnings about using the
assignments inside if-s.
This patch is rather big, and it is a part of the previous one.
I splitted it wishing to make the patches more readable. Hope
this particular split helped.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch makes most of the generic device layer network
namespace safe. This patch makes dev_base_head a
network namespace variable, and then it picks up
a few associated variables. The functions:
dev_getbyhwaddr
dev_getfirsthwbytype
dev_get_by_flags
dev_get_by_name
__dev_get_by_name
dev_get_by_index
__dev_get_by_index
dev_ioctl
dev_ethtool
dev_load
wireless_process_ioctl
were modified to take a network namespace argument, and
deal with it.
vlan_ioctl_set and brioctl_set were modified so their
hooks will receive a network namespace argument.
So basically anthing in the core of the network stack that was
affected to by the change of dev_base was modified to handle
multiple network namespaces. The rest of the network stack was
simply modified to explicitly use &init_net the initial network
namespace. This can be fixed when those components of the network
stack are modified to handle multiple network namespaces.
For now the ifindex generator is left global.
Fundametally ifindex numbers are per namespace, or else
we will have corner case problems with migration when
we get that far.
At the same time there are assumptions in the network stack
that the ifindex of a network device won't change. Making
the ifindex number global seems a good compromise until
the network stack can cope with ifindex changes when
you change namespaces, and the like.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Every user of the network device notifiers is either a protocol
stack or a pseudo device. If a protocol stack that does not have
support for multiple network namespaces receives an event for a
device that is not in the initial network namespace it quite possibly
can get confused and do the wrong thing.
To avoid problems until all of the protocol stacks are converted
this patch modifies all netdev event handlers to ignore events on
devices that are not in the initial network namespace.
As the rest of the code is made network namespace aware these
checks can be removed.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch modifies every packet receive function
registered with dev_add_pack() to drop packets if they
are not from the initial network namespace.
This should ensure that the various network stacks do
not receive packets in a anything but the initial network
namespace until the code has been converted and is ready
for them.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch passes in the namespace a new socket should be created in
and has the socket code do the appropriate reference counting. By
virtue of this all socket create methods are touched. In addition
the socket create methods are modified so that they will fail if
you attempt to create a socket in a non-default network namespace.
Failing if we attempt to create a socket outside of the default
network namespace ensures that as we incrementally make the network stack
network namespace aware we will not export functionality that someone
has not audited and made certain is network namespace safe.
Allowing us to partially enable network namespaces before all of the
exotic protocols are supported.
Any protocol layers I have missed will fail to compile because I now
pass an extra parameter into the socket creation code.
[ Integrated AF_IUCV build fixes from Andrew Morton... -DaveM ]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This slightly improves code safety and clarity.
Later network namespace patches touch this code so this is a
preliminary cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Remove includes of <linux/smp_lock.h> where it is not used/needed.
Suggested by Al Viro.
Builds cleanly on x86_64, i386, alpha, ia64, powerpc, sparc,
sparc64, and arm (all 59 defconfigs).
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts eefa390628
The simplification made in that change works with the assumption that
the 'offset' parameter to these functions is always positive or zero,
which is not true. It can be and often is negative in order to access
SKB header values in front of skb->data.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
I noticed recently that, in skb_checksum(), "offset" and "start" are
essentially the same thing and have the same value throughout the
function, despite being computed differently. Using a single variable
allows some cleanups and makes the skb_checksum() function smaller,
more readable, and presumably marginally faster.
We appear to have many other "sk_buff walker" functions built on the
exact same model, so the cleanup applies to them, too. Here is a list
of the functions I found to be affected:
net/appletalk/ddp.c:atalk_sum_skb()
net/core/datagram.c:skb_copy_datagram_iovec()
net/core/datagram.c:skb_copy_and_csum_datagram()
net/core/skbuff.c:skb_copy_bits()
net/core/skbuff.c:skb_store_bits()
net/core/skbuff.c:skb_checksum()
net/core/skbuff.c:skb_copy_and_csum_bit()
net/core/user_dma.c:dma_skb_copy_datagram_iovec()
net/xfrm/xfrm_algo.c:skb_icv_walk()
net/xfrm/xfrm_algo.c:skb_to_sgvec()
OTOH, I admit I'm a bit surprised, the cleanup is rather obvious so I'm
really wondering if I am missing something. Can anyone please comment
on this?
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Renaming skb->h to skb->transport_header, skb->nh to skb->network_header and
skb->mac to skb->mac_header, to match the names of the associated helpers
(skb[_[re]set]_{transport,network,mac}_header).
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
For the common, open coded 'skb->h.raw = skb->data' operation, so that we can
later turn skb->h.raw into a offset, reducing the size of struct sk_buff in
64bit land while possibly keeping it as a pointer on 32bit.
This one touches just the most simple cases:
skb->h.raw = skb->data;
skb->h.raw = {skb_push|[__]skb_pull}()
The next ones will handle the slightly more "complex" cases.
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
For the places where we need a pointer to the mac header, it is still legal to
touch skb->mac.raw directly if just adding to, subtracting from or setting it
to another layer header.
This one also converts some more cases to skb_reset_mac_header() that my
regex missed as it had no spaces before nor after '=', ugh.
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now network timestamps use ktime_t infrastructure, we can add a new
ioctl() SIOCGSTAMPNS command to get timestamps in 'struct timespec'.
User programs can thus access to nanosecond resolution.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
CC: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When we receive an AppleTalk frame shorter than what its header says,
we still attempt to verify its checksum, and trip on the BUG_ON() at
the end of function atalk_sum_skb() because of the length mismatch.
This has security implications because this can be triggered by simply
sending a specially crafted ethernet frame to a target victim,
effectively crashing that host. Thus this qualifies, I think, as a
remote DoS. Here is the frame I used to trigger the crash, in npg
format:
<Appletalk Killer>
{
# Ethernet header -----
XX XX XX XX XX XX # Destination MAC
00 00 00 00 00 00 # Source MAC
00 1D # Length
# LLC header -----
AA AA 03
08 00 07 80 9B # Appletalk
# Appletalk header -----
00 1B # Packet length (invalid)
00 01 # Fake checksum
00 00 00 00 # Destination and source networks
00 00 00 00 # Destination and source nodes and ports
# Payload -----
0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13
14
}
The destination MAC address must be set to those of the victim.
The severity is mitigated by two requirements:
* The target host must have the appletalk kernel module loaded. I
suspect this isn't so frequent.
* AppleTalk frames are non-IP, thus I guess they can only travel on
local networks. I am no network expert though, maybe it is possible
to somehow encapsulate AppleTalk packets over IP.
The bug has been reported back in June 2004:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2979
But it wasn't investigated, and was closed in July 2006 as both
reporters had vanished meanwhile.
This code was new in kernel 2.6.0-test5:
http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git;a=commitdiff;h=7ab442d7e0a76402c12553ee256f756097cae2d2
And not modified since then, so we can assume that vanilla kernels
2.6.0-test5 and later, and distribution kernels based thereon, are
affected.
Note that I still do not know for sure what triggered the bug in the
real-world cases. The frame could have been corrupted by the kernel if
we have a bug hiding somewhere. But more likely, we are receiving the
faulty frame from the network.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
