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9 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Peter Zijlstra
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43b3f02899 |
locking/qspinlock/x86: Fix performance regression under unaccelerated VMs
Dave ran into horrible performance on a VM without PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS set and Linus noted that the test-and-set implementation was retarded. One should spin on the variable with a load, not a RMW. While there, remove 'queued' from the name, as the lock isn't queued at all, but a simple test-and-set. Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Tested-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.2+ Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150904152523.GR18673@twins.programming.kicks-ass.net Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Waiman Long
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75d2270280 |
locking/pvqspinlock: Only kick CPU at unlock time
For an over-committed guest with more vCPUs than physical CPUs available, it is possible that a vCPU may be kicked twice before getting the lock - once before it becomes queue head and once again before it gets the lock. All these CPU kicking and halting (VMEXIT) can be expensive and slow down system performance. This patch adds a new vCPU state (vcpu_hashed) which enables the code to delay CPU kicking until at unlock time. Once this state is set, the new lock holder will set _Q_SLOW_VAL and fill in the hash table on behalf of the halted queue head vCPU. The original vcpu_halted state will be used by pv_wait_node() only to differentiate other queue nodes from the qeue head. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1436647018-49734-2-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Waiman Long
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a23db284fe |
locking/pvqspinlock: Implement simple paravirt support for the qspinlock
Provide a separate (second) version of the spin_lock_slowpath for paravirt along with a special unlock path. The second slowpath is generated by adding a few pv hooks to the normal slowpath, but where those will compile away for the native case, they expand into special wait/wake code for the pv version. The actual MCS queue can use extra storage in the mcs_nodes[] array to keep track of state and therefore uses directed wakeups. The head contender has no such storage directly visible to the unlocker. So the unlocker searches a hash table with open addressing using a simple binary Galois linear feedback shift register. Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-9-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Peter Zijlstra (Intel)
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2aa79af642 |
locking/qspinlock: Revert to test-and-set on hypervisors
When we detect a hypervisor (!paravirt, see qspinlock paravirt support patches), revert to a simple test-and-set lock to avoid the horrors of queue preemption. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-8-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Waiman Long
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2c83e8e949 |
locking/qspinlock: Use a simple write to grab the lock
Currently, atomic_cmpxchg() is used to get the lock. However, this
is not really necessary if there is more than one task in the queue
and the queue head don't need to reset the tail code. For that case,
a simple write to set the lock bit is enough as the queue head will
be the only one eligible to get the lock as long as it checks that
both the lock and pending bits are not set. The current pending bit
waiting code will ensure that the bit will not be set as soon as the
tail code in the lock is set.
With that change, the are some slight improvement in the performance
of the queued spinlock in the 5M loop micro-benchmark run on a 4-socket
Westere-EX machine as shown in the tables below.
[Standalone/Embedded - same node]
# of tasks Before patch After patch %Change
---------- ----------- ---------- -------
3 2324/2321 2248/2265 -3%/-2%
4 2890/2896 2819/2831 -2%/-2%
5 3611/3595 3522/3512 -2%/-2%
6 4281/4276 4173/4160 -3%/-3%
7 5018/5001 4875/4861 -3%/-3%
8 5759/5750 5563/5568 -3%/-3%
[Standalone/Embedded - different nodes]
# of tasks Before patch After patch %Change
---------- ----------- ---------- -------
3 12242/12237 12087/12093 -1%/-1%
4 10688/10696 10507/10521 -2%/-2%
It was also found that this change produced a much bigger performance
improvement in the newer IvyBridge-EX chip and was essentially to close
the performance gap between the ticket spinlock and queued spinlock.
The disk workload of the AIM7 benchmark was run on a 4-socket
Westmere-EX machine with both ext4 and xfs RAM disks at 3000 users
on a 3.14 based kernel. The results of the test runs were:
AIM7 XFS Disk Test
kernel JPM Real Time Sys Time Usr Time
----- --- --------- -------- --------
ticketlock
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Peter Zijlstra (Intel)
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69f9cae909 |
locking/qspinlock: Optimize for smaller NR_CPUS
When we allow for a max NR_CPUS < 2^14 we can optimize the pending wait-acquire and the xchg_tail() operations. By growing the pending bit to a byte, we reduce the tail to 16bit. This means we can use xchg16 for the tail part and do away with all the repeated compxchg() operations. This in turn allows us to unconditionally acquire; the locked state as observed by the wait loops cannot change. And because both locked and pending are now a full byte we can use simple stores for the state transition, obviating one atomic operation entirely. This optimization is needed to make the qspinlock achieve performance parity with ticket spinlock at light load. All this is horribly broken on Alpha pre EV56 (and any other arch that cannot do single-copy atomic byte stores). Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-6-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Waiman Long
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6403bd7d0e |
locking/qspinlock: Extract out code snippets for the next patch
This is a preparatory patch that extracts out the following 2 code
snippets to prepare for the next performance optimization patch.
1) the logic for the exchange of new and previous tail code words
into a new xchg_tail() function.
2) the logic for clearing the pending bit and setting the locked bit
into a new clear_pending_set_locked() function.
This patch also simplifies the trylock operation before queuing by
calling queued_spin_trylock() directly.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-5-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Peter Zijlstra (Intel)
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c1fb159db9 |
locking/qspinlock: Add pending bit
Because the qspinlock needs to touch a second cacheline (the per-cpu mcs_nodes[]); add a pending bit and allow a single in-word spinner before we punt to the second cacheline. It is possible so observe the pending bit without the locked bit when the last owner has just released but the pending owner has not yet taken ownership. In this case we would normally queue -- because the pending bit is already taken. However, in this case the pending bit is guaranteed to be released 'soon', therefore wait for it and avoid queueing. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-4-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |
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Waiman Long
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a33fda35e3 |
locking/qspinlock: Introduce a simple generic 4-byte queued spinlock
This patch introduces a new generic queued spinlock implementation that can serve as an alternative to the default ticket spinlock. Compared with the ticket spinlock, this queued spinlock should be almost as fair as the ticket spinlock. It has about the same speed in single-thread and it can be much faster in high contention situations especially when the spinlock is embedded within the data structure to be protected. Only in light to moderate contention where the average queue depth is around 1-3 will this queued spinlock be potentially a bit slower due to the higher slowpath overhead. This queued spinlock is especially suit to NUMA machines with a large number of cores as the chance of spinlock contention is much higher in those machines. The cost of contention is also higher because of slower inter-node memory traffic. Due to the fact that spinlocks are acquired with preemption disabled, the process will not be migrated to another CPU while it is trying to get a spinlock. Ignoring interrupt handling, a CPU can only be contending in one spinlock at any one time. Counting soft IRQ, hard IRQ and NMI, a CPU can only have a maximum of 4 concurrent lock waiting activities. By allocating a set of per-cpu queue nodes and used them to form a waiting queue, we can encode the queue node address into a much smaller 24-bit size (including CPU number and queue node index) leaving one byte for the lock. Please note that the queue node is only needed when waiting for the lock. Once the lock is acquired, the queue node can be released to be used later. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Daniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Douglas Hatch <doug.hatch@hp.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <paolo.bonzini@gmail.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429901803-29771-2-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> |