This reverts commit 1dde7415e9. By putting
the RSB filling out of line and calling it, we waste one RSB slot for
returning from the function itself, which means one fewer actual function
call we can make if we're doing the Skylake abomination of call-depth
counting.
It also changed the number of RSB stuffings we do on vmexit from 32,
which was correct, to 16. Let's just stop with the bikeshedding; it
didn't actually *fix* anything anyway.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: arjan.van.de.ven@intel.com
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: dave.hansen@intel.com
Cc: jmattson@google.com
Cc: karahmed@amazon.de
Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org
Cc: pbonzini@redhat.com
Cc: rkrcmar@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1519037457-7643-4-git-send-email-dwmw@amazon.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull networking updates from David Miller:
1) Significantly shrink the core networking routing structures. Result
of http://vger.kernel.org/~davem/seoul2017_netdev_keynote.pdf
2) Add netdevsim driver for testing various offloads, from Jakub
Kicinski.
3) Support cross-chip FDB operations in DSA, from Vivien Didelot.
4) Add a 2nd listener hash table for TCP, similar to what was done for
UDP. From Martin KaFai Lau.
5) Add eBPF based queue selection to tun, from Jason Wang.
6) Lockless qdisc support, from John Fastabend.
7) SCTP stream interleave support, from Xin Long.
8) Smoother TCP receive autotuning, from Eric Dumazet.
9) Lots of erspan tunneling enhancements, from William Tu.
10) Add true function call support to BPF, from Alexei Starovoitov.
11) Add explicit support for GRO HW offloading, from Michael Chan.
12) Support extack generation in more netlink subsystems. From Alexander
Aring, Quentin Monnet, and Jakub Kicinski.
13) Add 1000BaseX, flow control, and EEE support to mvneta driver. From
Russell King.
14) Add flow table abstraction to netfilter, from Pablo Neira Ayuso.
15) Many improvements and simplifications to the NFP driver bpf JIT,
from Jakub Kicinski.
16) Support for ipv6 non-equal cost multipath routing, from Ido
Schimmel.
17) Add resource abstration to devlink, from Arkadi Sharshevsky.
18) Packet scheduler classifier shared filter block support, from Jiri
Pirko.
19) Avoid locking in act_csum, from Davide Caratti.
20) devinet_ioctl() simplifications from Al viro.
21) More TCP bpf improvements from Lawrence Brakmo.
22) Add support for onlink ipv6 route flag, similar to ipv4, from David
Ahern.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1925 commits)
tls: Add support for encryption using async offload accelerator
ip6mr: fix stale iterator
net/sched: kconfig: Remove blank help texts
openvswitch: meter: Use 64-bit arithmetic instead of 32-bit
tcp_nv: fix potential integer overflow in tcpnv_acked
r8169: fix RTL8168EP take too long to complete driver initialization.
qmi_wwan: Add support for Quectel EP06
rtnetlink: enable IFLA_IF_NETNSID for RTM_NEWLINK
ipmr: Fix ptrdiff_t print formatting
ibmvnic: Wait for device response when changing MAC
qlcnic: fix deadlock bug
tcp: release sk_frag.page in tcp_disconnect
ipv4: Get the address of interface correctly.
net_sched: gen_estimator: fix lockdep splat
net: macb: Handle HRESP error
net/mlx5e: IPoIB, Fix copy-paste bug in flow steering refactoring
ipv6: addrconf: break critical section in addrconf_verify_rtnl()
ipv6: change route cache aging logic
i40e/i40evf: Update DESC_NEEDED value to reflect larger value
bnxt_en: cleanup DIM work on device shutdown
...
Pull x86/pti updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"Another set of melted spectrum related changes:
- Code simplifications and cleanups for RSB and retpolines.
- Make the indirect calls in KVM speculation safe.
- Whitelist CPUs which are known not to speculate from Meltdown and
prepare for the new CPUID flag which tells the kernel that a CPU is
not affected.
- A less rigorous variant of the module retpoline check which merily
warns when a non-retpoline protected module is loaded and reflects
that fact in the sysfs file.
- Prepare for Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier support.
- Prepare for exposure of the Speculation Control MSRs to guests, so
guest OSes which depend on those "features" can use them. Includes
a blacklist of the broken microcodes. The actual exposure of the
MSRs through KVM is still being worked on"
* 'x86-pti-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/speculation: Simplify indirect_branch_prediction_barrier()
x86/retpoline: Simplify vmexit_fill_RSB()
x86/cpufeatures: Clean up Spectre v2 related CPUID flags
x86/cpu/bugs: Make retpoline module warning conditional
x86/bugs: Drop one "mitigation" from dmesg
x86/nospec: Fix header guards names
x86/alternative: Print unadorned pointers
x86/speculation: Add basic IBPB (Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier) support
x86/cpufeature: Blacklist SPEC_CTRL/PRED_CMD on early Spectre v2 microcodes
x86/pti: Do not enable PTI on CPUs which are not vulnerable to Meltdown
x86/msr: Add definitions for new speculation control MSRs
x86/cpufeatures: Add AMD feature bits for Speculation Control
x86/cpufeatures: Add Intel feature bits for Speculation Control
x86/cpufeatures: Add CPUID_7_EDX CPUID leaf
module/retpoline: Warn about missing retpoline in module
KVM: VMX: Make indirect call speculation safe
KVM: x86: Make indirect calls in emulator speculation safe
Pull x86 pti updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This contains:
- a PTI bugfix to avoid setting reserved CR3 bits when PCID is
disabled. This seems to cause issues on a virtual machine at least
and is incorrect according to the AMD manual.
- a PTI bugfix which disables the perf BTS facility if PTI is
enabled. The BTS AUX buffer is not globally visible and causes the
CPU to fault when the mapping disappears on switching CR3 to user
space. A full fix which restores BTS on PTI is non trivial and will
be worked on.
- PTI bugfixes for EFI and trusted boot which make sure that the user
space visible page table entries have the NX bit cleared
- removal of dead code in the PTI pagetable setup functions
- add PTI documentation
- add a selftest for vsyscall to verify that the kernel actually
implements what it advertises.
- a sysfs interface to expose vulnerability and mitigation
information so there is a coherent way for users to retrieve the
status.
- the initial spectre_v2 mitigations, aka retpoline:
+ The necessary ASM thunk and compiler support
+ The ASM variants of retpoline and the conversion of affected ASM
code
+ Make LFENCE serializing on AMD so it can be used as speculation
trap
+ The RSB fill after vmexit
- initial objtool support for retpoline
As I said in the status mail this is the most of the set of patches
which should go into 4.15 except two straight forward patches still on
hold:
- the retpoline add on of LFENCE which waits for ACKs
- the RSB fill after context switch
Both should be ready to go early next week and with that we'll have
covered the major holes of spectre_v2 and go back to normality"
* 'x86-pti-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (28 commits)
x86,perf: Disable intel_bts when PTI
security/Kconfig: Correct the Documentation reference for PTI
x86/pti: Fix !PCID and sanitize defines
selftests/x86: Add test_vsyscall
x86/retpoline: Fill return stack buffer on vmexit
x86/retpoline/irq32: Convert assembler indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/checksum32: Convert assembler indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/xen: Convert Xen hypercall indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/hyperv: Convert assembler indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/ftrace: Convert ftrace assembler indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/entry: Convert entry assembler indirect jumps
x86/retpoline/crypto: Convert crypto assembler indirect jumps
x86/spectre: Add boot time option to select Spectre v2 mitigation
x86/retpoline: Add initial retpoline support
objtool: Allow alternatives to be ignored
objtool: Detect jumps to retpoline thunks
x86/pti: Make unpoison of pgd for trusted boot work for real
x86/alternatives: Fix optimize_nops() checking
sysfs/cpu: Fix typos in vulnerability documentation
x86/cpu/AMD: Use LFENCE_RDTSC in preference to MFENCE_RDTSC
...
Since error-injection framework is not limited to be used
by kprobes, nor bpf. Other kernel subsystems can use it
freely for checking safeness of error-injection, e.g.
livepatch, ftrace etc.
So this separate error-injection framework from kprobes.
Some differences has been made:
- "kprobe" word is removed from any APIs/structures.
- BPF_ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION() is renamed to
ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION() since it is not limited for BPF too.
- CONFIG_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION is the config item of this
feature. It is automatically enabled if the arch supports
error injection feature for kprobe or ftrace etc.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Enable the use of -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern in newer GCC, and provide
the corresponding thunks. Provide assembler macros for invoking the thunks
in the same way that GCC does, from native and inline assembler.
This adds X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE and sets it by default on all CPUs. In
some circumstances, IBRS microcode features may be used instead, and the
retpoline can be disabled.
On AMD CPUs if lfence is serialising, the retpoline can be dramatically
simplified to a simple "lfence; jmp *\reg". A future patch, after it has
been verified that lfence really is serialising in all circumstances, can
enable this by setting the X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE_AMD feature bit in addition
to X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE.
Do not align the retpoline in the altinstr section, because there is no
guarantee that it stays aligned when it's copied over the oldinstr during
alternative patching.
[ Andi Kleen: Rename the macros, add CONFIG_RETPOLINE option, export thunks]
[ tglx: Put actual function CALL/JMP in front of the macros, convert to
symbolic labels ]
[ dwmw2: Convert back to numeric labels, merge objtool fixes ]
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: thomas.lendacky@amd.com
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1515707194-20531-4-git-send-email-dwmw@amazon.co.uk
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Other kernel submodules can benefit from using the utility functions
defined in mpx.c to obtain the addresses and values of operands contained
in the general purpose registers. An instance of this is the emulation code
used for instructions protected by the Intel User-Mode Instruction
Prevention feature.
Thus, these functions are relocated to a new insn-eval.c file. The reason
to not relocate these utilities into insn.c is that the latter solely
analyses instructions given by a struct insn without any knowledge of the
meaning of the values of instruction operands. This new utility insn-
eval.c aims to be used to resolve userspace linear addresses based on
the contents of the instruction operands as well as the contents of pt_regs
structure.
These utilities come with a separate header. This is to avoid taking insn.c
out of sync from the instructions decoders under tools/obj and tools/perf.
This also avoids adding cumbersome #ifdef's for the #include'd files
required to decode instructions in a kernel context.
Functions are simply relocated. There are not functional or indentation
changes.
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: ricardo.neri@intel.com
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Huang Rui <ray.huang@amd.com>
Cc: Qiaowei Ren <qiaowei.ren@intel.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: Chen Yucong <slaoub@gmail.com>
Cc: Adam Buchbinder <adam.buchbinder@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509135945-13762-10-git-send-email-ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com
Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes:
- add initial commits to randomize kernel memory section virtual
addresses, enabled via a new kernel option: RANDOMIZE_MEMORY
(Thomas Garnier, Kees Cook, Baoquan He, Yinghai Lu)
- enhance KASLR (RANDOMIZE_BASE) physical memory randomization (Kees
Cook)
- EBDA/BIOS region boot quirk cleanups (Andy Lutomirski, Ingo Molnar)
- misc cleanups/fixes"
* 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Simplify EBDA-vs-BIOS reservation logic
x86/boot: Clarify what x86_legacy_features.reserve_bios_regions does
x86/boot: Reorganize and clean up the BIOS area reservation code
x86/mm: Do not reference phys addr beyond kernel
x86/mm: Add memory hotplug support for KASLR memory randomization
x86/mm: Enable KASLR for vmalloc memory regions
x86/mm: Enable KASLR for physical mapping memory regions
x86/mm: Implement ASLR for kernel memory regions
x86/mm: Separate variable for trampoline PGD
x86/mm: Add PUD VA support for physical mapping
x86/mm: Update physical mapping variable names
x86/mm: Refactor KASLR entropy functions
x86/KASLR: Fix boot crash with certain memory configurations
x86/boot/64: Add forgotten end of function marker
x86/KASLR: Allow randomization below the load address
x86/KASLR: Extend kernel image physical address randomization to addresses larger than 4G
x86/KASLR: Randomize virtual address separately
x86/KASLR: Clarify identity map interface
x86/boot: Refuse to build with data relocations
x86/KASLR, x86/power: Remove x86 hibernation restrictions
People complained about ARCH_HWEIGHT_CFLAGS and how it throws a wrench
into kcov, lto, etc, experimentations.
Add asm versions for __sw_hweight{32,64}() and do explicit saving and
restoring of clobbered registers. This gets rid of the special calling
convention. We get to call those functions on !X86_FEATURE_POPCNT CPUs.
We still need to hardcode POPCNT and register operands as some old gas
versions which we support, do not know about POPCNT.
Btw, remove redundant REX prefix from 32-bit POPCNT because alternatives
can do padding now.
Suggested-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464605787-20603-1-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing
(randomized testing). Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique
that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a
system. A notable user-space example is AFL
(http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/). However, this technique is not
widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel
support.
kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible. It aims to
collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs.
To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard
interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or
non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking).
Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the
API anticipates additional collection modes. Initially I also
implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash
table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch). I've
dropped the second mode for simplicity.
This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side. The complimentary
compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296.
We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has
found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months:
https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs
We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller.
Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly
help is more traditional "blob mutation". For example, mounting a
random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire.
Why not gcov. Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset
coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat. A
typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g. an invalid
input). In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as
reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic
blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M). Cost of
kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges. On top of
that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always
background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage.
With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible.
kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is
insecure. But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible.
Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode']
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards]
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add generic functions which calc family, model and stepping from
the CPUID_1.EAX leaf and stick them into the library we have.
Rename those which do call CPUID with the prefix "x86_cpuid" as
suggested by Paolo Bonzini.
No functionality change.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1448273546-2567-2-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
These are all calling x86 entry code functions, so move them close
to other entry code.
Change lib-y to obj-y: there's no real difference between the two
as we don't really drop any of them during the linking stage, and
obj-y is the more common approach for core kernel object code.
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
As there are now no remaining users of arch_fast_hash(), lets kill
it entirely.
This basically reverts commit 71ae8aac3e ("lib: introduce arch
optimized hash library") and follow-up work, that is f.e., commit
237217546d ("lib: hash: follow-up fixups for arch hash"),
commit e3fec2f74f ("lib: Add missing arch generic-y entries for
asm-generic/hash.h") and last but not least commit 6a02652df5
("perf tools: Fix include for non x86 architectures").
Cc: Francesco Fusco <fusco@ntop.org>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Pull x86 asm updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The changes in this cycle were:
- Speed up the x86 __preempt_schedule() implementation
- Fix/improve low level asm code debug info annotations"
* 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86: Unwind-annotate thunk_32.S
x86: Improve cmpxchg8b_emu.S
x86: Improve cmpxchg16b_emu.S
x86/lib/Makefile: Remove the unnecessary "+= thunk_64.o"
x86: Speed up ___preempt_schedule*() by using THUNK helpers
Trivial. We have "lib-y += thunk_$(BITS).o" at the start, no
need to add thunk_64.o if !CONFIG_X86_32.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140921184232.GB23727@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch removes the unused asm/rwlock.h and rwlock.S files.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1408037251-45918-3-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com
Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Francesco Fusco <ffusco@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Carve out early cmdline parsing function into .../lib/cmdline.c so it
can be used by early code in the kernel proper as well.
Adapted from arch/x86/boot/cmdline.c.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1400525957-11525-2-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
We introduce a new hashing library that is meant to be used in
the contexts where speed is more important than uniformity of the
hashed values. The hash library leverages architecture specific
implementation to achieve high performance and fall backs to
jhash() for the generic case.
On Intel-based x86 architectures, the library can exploit the crc32l
instruction, part of the Intel SSE4.2 instruction set, if the
instruction is supported by the processor. This implementation
is twice as fast as the jhash() implementation on an i7 processor.
Additional architectures, such as Arm64 provide instructions for
accelerating the computation of CRC, so they could be added as well
in follow-up work.
Signed-off-by: Francesco Fusco <ffusco@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As the new x86 CPU bootup printout format code maintainer, I am
taking immediate action to improve and clean (and thus indulge
my OCD) the reporting of the cores when coming up online.
Fix padding to a right-hand alignment, cleanup code and bind
reporting width to the max number of supported CPUs on the
system, like this:
[ 0.074509] smpboot: Booting Node 0, Processors: #1#2#3#4#5#6#7 OK
[ 0.644008] smpboot: Booting Node 1, Processors: #8#9#10#11#12#13#14#15 OK
[ 1.245006] smpboot: Booting Node 2, Processors: #16#17#18#19#20#21#22#23 OK
[ 1.864005] smpboot: Booting Node 3, Processors: #24#25#26#27#28#29#30#31 OK
[ 2.489005] smpboot: Booting Node 4, Processors: #32#33#34#35#36#37#38#39 OK
[ 3.093005] smpboot: Booting Node 5, Processors: #40#41#42#43#44#45#46#47 OK
[ 3.698005] smpboot: Booting Node 6, Processors: #48#49#50#51#52#53#54#55 OK
[ 4.304005] smpboot: Booting Node 7, Processors: #56#57#58#59#60#61#62#63 OK
[ 4.961413] Brought up 64 CPUs
and this:
[ 0.072367] smpboot: Booting Node 0, Processors: #1#2#3#4#5#6#7 OK
[ 0.686329] Brought up 8 CPUs
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Libin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Cc: wangyijing@huawei.com
Cc: fenghua.yu@intel.com
Cc: guohanjun@huawei.com
Cc: paul.gortmaker@windriver.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130927143554.GF4422@pd.tnic
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
copy_from_user_nmi() is used in oprofile and perf. Moving it to other
library functions like copy_from_user(). As this is x86 code for 32
and 64 bits, create a new file usercopy.c for unified code.
Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110607172413.GJ20052@erda.amd.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Rather than having two functionally identical implementations
for 32- and 64-bit configurations, use the previously extended
assembly abstractions to fold the rwsem two implementations into
a shared one.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4E258DF3020000780004E3ED@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Rather than having two functionally identical implementations
for 32- and 64-bit configurations, extend the existing assembly
abstractions enough to fold the two rwlock implementations into
a shared one.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4E258DD7020000780004E3EA@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Support this_cpu_cmpxchg_double() using the cmpxchg16b and cmpxchg8b
instructions.
-tj: s/percpu_cmpxchg16b/percpu_cmpxchg16b_double/ for consistency and
other cosmetic changes.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Move cmpxchg emulation code from arch/x86/kernel/cpu (which is
otherwise CPU identification) to arch/x86/lib, where other emulation
code lives already.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <AANLkTikAmaDPji-TVDarmG1yD=fwbffcsmEU=YEuP+8r@mail.gmail.com>
* 'x86-atomic-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: Fix LOCK_PREFIX_HERE for uniprocessor build
x86, atomic64: In selftest, distinguish x86-64 from 586+
x86-32: Fix atomic64_inc_not_zero return value convention
lib: Fix atomic64_inc_not_zero test
lib: Fix atomic64_add_unless return value convention
x86-32: Fix atomic64_add_unless return value convention
lib: Fix atomic64_add_unless test
x86: Implement atomic[64]_dec_if_positive()
lib: Only test atomic64_dec_if_positive on archs having it
x86-32: Rewrite 32-bit atomic64 functions in assembly
lib: Add self-test for atomic64_t
x86-32: Allow UP/SMP lock replacement in cmpxchg64
x86: Add support for lock prefix in alternatives
Merge reason:
Conflict between LOCK_PREFIX_HERE and relative alternatives
pointers
Resolved Conflicts:
arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h
arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
The PEBS+LBR decoding magic needs the insn_get_length() infrastructure
to be able to decode x86 instruction length.
So split it out of KPROBES dependency and make it enabled when either
KPROBES or PERF_EVENTS is enabled.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'x86-rwsem-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86-64, rwsem: Avoid store forwarding hazard in __downgrade_write
x86-64, rwsem: 64-bit xadd rwsem implementation
x86: Fix breakage of UML from the changes in the rwsem system
x86-64: support native xadd rwsem implementation
x86: clean up rwsem type system
This patch replaces atomic64_32.c with two assembly implementations,
one for 386/486 machines using pushf/cli/popf and one for 586+ machines
using cmpxchg8b.
The cmpxchg8b implementation provides the following advantages over the
current one:
1. Implements atomic64_add_unless, atomic64_dec_if_positive and
atomic64_inc_not_zero
2. Uses the ZF flag changed by cmpxchg8b instead of doing a comparison
3. Uses custom register calling conventions that reduce or eliminate
register moves to suit cmpxchg8b
4. Reads the initial value instead of using cmpxchg8b to do that.
Currently we use lock xaddl and movl, which seems the fastest.
5. Does not use the lock prefix for atomic64_set
64-bit writes are already atomic, so we don't need that.
We still need it for atomic64_read to avoid restoring a value
changed in the meantime.
6. Allocates registers as well or better than gcc
The 386 implementation provides support for 386 and 486 machines.
386/486 SMP is not supported (we dropped it), but such support can be
added easily if desired.
A pure assembly implementation is required due to the custom calling
conventions, and desire to use %ebp in atomic64_add_return (we need
7 registers...), as well as the ability to use pushf/popf in the 386
code without an intermediate pop/push.
The parameter names are changed to match the convention in atomic_64.h
Changes in v3 (due to rebasing to tip/x86/asm):
- Patches atomic64_32.h instead of atomic_32.h
- Uses the CALL alternative mechanism from commit
1b1d925818
Changes in v2:
- Merged 386 and cx8 support in the same patch
- 386 support now done in assembly, C code no longer used at all
- cmpxchg64 is used for atomic64_cmpxchg
- stop using macros, use one-line inline functions instead
- miscellanous changes and improvements
Signed-off-by: Luca Barbieri <luca@luca-barbieri.com>
LKML-Reference: <1267005265-27958-5-git-send-email-luca@luca-barbieri.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Iomem has no special significance on x86. Use the standard mem*
functions instead of trying to call other versions. Some fixups
are needed to match the function prototypes.
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1265380629-3212-6-git-send-email-brgerst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Add wbinvd_on_cpu and wbinvd_on_all_cpus stubs for executing wbinvd on a
particular CPU.
[ hpa: renamed lib/smp.c to lib/cache-smp.c ]
[ hpa: wbinvd_on_all_cpus() returns int, but wbinvd() returns
void. Thus, the former cannot be a macro for the latter,
replace with an inline function. ]
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
LKML-Reference: <1264172467-25155-2-git-send-email-bp@amd64.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
This one is much faster than the spinlock based fallback rwsem code,
with certain artifical benchmarks having shown 300%+ improvement on
threaded page faults etc.
Again, note the 32767-thread limit here. So this really does need that
whole "make rwsem_count_t be 64-bit and fix the BIAS values to match"
extension on top of it, but that is conceptually a totally independent
issue.
NOT TESTED! The original patch that this all was based on were tested by
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki, but maybe I screwed up something when I created the
cleaned-up series, so caveat emptor..
Also note that it _may_ be a good idea to mark some more registers
clobbered on x86-64 in the inline asms instead of saving/restoring them.
They are inline functions, but they are only used in places where there
are not a lot of live registers _anyway_, so doing for example the
clobbers of %r8-%r11 in the asm wouldn't make the fast-path code any
worse, and would make the slow-path code smaller.
(Not that the slow-path really matters to that degree. Saving a few
unnecessary registers is the _least_ of our problems when we hit the slow
path. The instruction/cycle counting really only matters in the fast
path).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.LFD.2.00.1001121810410.17145@localhost.localdomain>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86, irq: Allow 0xff for /proc/irq/[n]/smp_affinity on an 8-cpu system
Makefile: Unexport LC_ALL instead of clearing it
x86: Fix objdump version check in arch/x86/tools/chkobjdump.awk
x86: Reenable TSC sync check at boot, even with NONSTOP_TSC
x86: Don't use POSIX character classes in gen-insn-attr-x86.awk
Makefile: set LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_NUMERIC to C
x86: Increase MAX_EARLY_RES; insufficient on 32-bit NUMA
x86: Fix checking of SRAT when node 0 ram is not from 0
x86, cpuid: Add "volatile" to asm in native_cpuid()
x86, msr: msrs_alloc/free for CONFIG_SMP=n
x86, amd: Get multi-node CPU info from NodeId MSR instead of PCI config space
x86: Add IA32_TSC_AUX MSR and use it
x86, msr/cpuid: Register enough minors for the MSR and CPUID drivers
initramfs: add missing decompressor error check
bzip2: Add missing checks for malloc returning NULL
bzip2/lzma/gzip: pre-boot malloc doesn't return NULL on failure
Randy Dunlap reported the following build error:
"When CONFIG_SMP=n, CONFIG_X86_MSR=m:
ERROR: "msrs_free" [drivers/edac/amd64_edac_mod.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "msrs_alloc" [drivers/edac/amd64_edac_mod.ko] undefined!"
This is due to the fact that <arch/x86/lib/msr.c> is conditioned on
CONFIG_SMP and in the UP case we have only the stubs in the header.
Fork off SMP functionality into a new file (msr-smp.c) and build
msrs_{alloc,free} unconditionally.
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <20091216231625.GD27228@liondog.tnic>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Delete empty or incomplete inat-tables.c if gen-insn-attr-x86.awk
failed, because it causes a build error if user tries to build
kernel next time.
Reported-by: Arkadiusz Miskiewicz <arekm@maven.pl>
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: systemtap <systemtap@sources.redhat.com>
Cc: DLE <dle-develop@lists.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <20091207170033.19230.37688.stgit@dhcp-100-2-132.bos.redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
At least, insn.c and inat.c is needed for kprobe for now. So,
this compile those only if KPROBES is enabled.
Signed-off-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <878wdg8icq.fsf@devron.myhome.or.jp>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Conditionaly compile cmpxchg8b_emu.o and EXPORT_SYMBOL(cmpxchg8b_emu).
This reduces the kernel size a bit.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4AC43E7E.1000600@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
cmpxchg64() today generates, to quote Linus, "barf bag" code.
cmpxchg64() is about to get used in the scheduler to fix a bug there,
but it's a prerequisite that cmpxchg64() first be made non-sucking.
This patch turns cmpxchg64() into an efficient implementation that
uses the alternative() mechanism to just use the raw instruction on
all modern systems.
Note: the fallback is NOT smp safe, just like the current fallback
is not SMP safe. (Interested parties with i486 based SMP systems
are welcome to submit fix patches for that.)
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
[ fixed asm constraint bug ]
Fixed-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20090930170754.0886ff2e@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Change msr-reg.o to obj-y (it will be included in virtually every
kernel since it is used by the initialization code for AMD processors)
and add a separate C file to export its symbols to modules, so that
msr.ko can use them; on uniprocessors we bypass the helper functions
in msr.o and use the accessor functions directly via inlines.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090904140834.GA15789@elte.hu>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@googlemail.com>
