Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When emulating NUMA, the kernel's emulated NUMA configuration may contain
more or less nodes than there are physical nodes.
In numa_emulation(), we recalculate numa_meminfo/numa_distance/__apicid_to_node
according to the number of emulated nodes, except numa_nodes_parsed, which is
arguably an omission.
Recalculate numa_nodes_parsed as well.
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170708013059.29708-4-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
[ Changelog fixes. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
numa_init() has already called init_func(), which is responsible for
setting numa_nodes_parsed, so use this nodemask instead of re-finding it
when calling numa_emulation().
This patch gets the physnode_mask directly from numa_nodes_parsed. At
the same time, it corrects the comment of these two functions.
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170708013059.29708-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
max_emu_nid and dfl_phys_nid is calculated from emu_nid_to_phys[], which is
calculated in split_nodes_xxx_interleave(). From the logic in these
functions, it is assured the emu_nid_to_phys[] has meaningful value if it
return successfully and ensures dfl_phys_nid will get a valid value.
This patch removes the error branch to check invalid dfl_phys_nid and
abstracts out this part to a function for readability.
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: rientjes@google.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170708013059.29708-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications. For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.
After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out. Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.
Note that some harmless section mismatch warnings may result, since
notify_cpu_starting() and cpu_up() are arch independent (kernel/cpu.c)
are flagged as __cpuinit -- so if we remove the __cpuinit from
arch specific callers, we will also get section mismatch warnings.
As an intermediate step, we intend to turn the linux/init.h cpuinit
content into no-ops as early as possible, since that will get rid
of these warnings. In any case, they are temporary and harmless.
This removes all the arch/x86 uses of the __cpuinit macros from
all C files. x86 only had the one __CPUINIT used in assembly files,
and it wasn't paired off with a .previous or a __FINIT, so we can
delete it directly w/o any corresponding additional change there.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Allows emulating more interesting NUMA configurations like a quad
socket AMD Magny-Cour:
"numa=fake=8:10,16,16,22,16,22,16,22,
16,10,22,16,22,16,22,16,
16,22,10,16,16,22,16,22,
22,16,16,10,22,16,22,16,
16,22,16,22,10,16,16,22,
22,16,22,16,16,10,22,16,
16,22,16,22,16,22,10,16,
22,16,22,16,22,16,16,10"
Which has a non-fully-connected topology.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-e1136ef7kdffj7yf9tjhydln@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 "urgent" leftovers from Ingo Molnar:
"Pending x86/urgent bits that were not high prio enough to warrant
-rc-less v3.3-final inclusion."
* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, efi: Fix pointer math issue in handle_ramdisks()
x86/ioapic: Add register level checks to detect bogus io-apic entries
x86, mce: Fix rcu splat in drain_mce_log_buffer()
x86, memblock: Move mem_hole_size() to .init
Without this fix the cpumask_of_node() for a fake=numa=2 is:
cpumask 0 ff
cpumask 1 ff
with the fix it's correct and it's set to:
cpumask 0 55
cpumask 1 aa
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_hole_size() is being called only from __init-marked functions, and as
such should be moved to .init section as well. Fixes this warning:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x35511): Section mismatch in reference from the function mem_hole_size() to the function .init.text:absent_pages_in_range()
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LNX.2.00.1202281614450.31150@pobox.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Other than sanity check and debug message, the x86 specific version of
memblock reserve/free functions are simple wrappers around the generic
versions - memblock_reserve/free().
This patch adds debug messages with caller identification to the
generic versions and replaces x86 specific ones and kills them.
arch/x86/include/asm/memblock.h and arch/x86/mm/memblock.c are empty
after this change and removed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310462166-31469-14-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
memblock_x86_hole_size() calculates the total size of holes in a given
range according to memblock and is used by numa emulation code and
numa_meminfo_cover_memory().
Since conversion to MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP, absent_pages_in_range() also
uses memblock and gives the same result. This patch replaces
memblock_x86_hole_size() uses with absent_pages_in_range(). After the
conversion the x86 function doesn't have any user left and is killed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310462166-31469-12-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
25818f0f28 (memblock: Make MEMBLOCK_ERROR be 0) thankfully made
MEMBLOCK_ERROR 0 and there already are codes which expect error return
to be 0. There's no point in keeping MEMBLOCK_ERROR around. End its
misery.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310457490-3356-6-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Now that NUMA init path is unified, NUMA emulation can be enabled on
32bit. Make numa_emluation.c safe on 32bit by doing the followings.
* Define MAX_DMA32_PFN on 32bit too.
* Include bootmem.h for max_pfn declaration.
* Use u64 explicitly and always use PFN_PHYS() when converting page
number to address.
* Avoid __udivdi3() generation on 32bit by doing number of pages
calculation instead in split_nodes_interleave().
And drop X86_64 dependency from Kconfig.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
The cpu<->node mappings under CONFIG_DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS=y
when NUMA emulation is enabled is currently broken because it does
not iterate through every emulated node and bind cpus that have
affinity to it.
NUMA emulation should bind each cpu to every local node to
accurately represent the true NUMA topology of the underlying
machine.
debug_cpumask_set_cpu() needs to be fixed at the same time so
that the debugging information that it emits shows the new
cpumask of the node being assigned when the cpu is being added
or removed.
It can now take responsibility of setting or clearing the cpu
itself to remove the need for duplicate code.
Also change its last parameter, "enable", to have the correct bool
type since it can only be true or false.
-v2: Fix the return statements, by Kosaki Motohiro
Acked-and-Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andreas Herrmann <herrmann.der.user@googlemail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.00.1104201918470.12634@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The distance transforming in numa_emulation() used to call
numa_set_distance() for all MAX_NUMNODES * MAX_NUMNODES node
combinations regardless of which are enabled. As numa_set_distance()
ignores all out-of-bound distance settings, this doesn't cause any
problem other than looping unnecessarily many times during boot.
However, as MAX_NUMNODES * MAX_NUMNODES can be pretty high, update the
code such that it iterates through only the enabled combinations.
Yinghai Lu identified the issue and provided an initial patch to
address the issue; however, the patch was incorrect in that it didn't
build emulated distance table when there's no physical distance table
and unnecessarily complex.
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1107986/focus=1107988
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Undetermined entries in emu_nid_to_phys[] are filled with zero
assuming that physical node 0 is always online; however, this might
not be true depending on hardware configuration. Find a physical node
which is actually online and use it instead.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.1103020628210.31626@chino.kir.corp.google.com>
Handling of out-of-bounds distances and allocation failure can use
better documentation. Add it.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
NUMA distance table handling has the following problems.
* numa_reset_distance() uses numa_distance * sizeof(numa_distance[0])
as the table size when it should be using the square of
numa_distance.
* The same size miscalculation when allocation space for phys_dist in
numa_emulation().
* In numa_emulation(), phys_dist must be reserved; otherwise, the new
emulated distance table may overlap it.
Fix them and, while at it, take numa_distance_cnt resetting in
numa_reset_distance() out of the if block to simplify the code a bit.
David Rientjes reported incorrect handling of distance table during
emulation.
-tj: Edited out numa_alloc_distance() related changes which weren't
necessary and rewrote patch description.
-v2: Ingo was unhappy with 80-column limit induced linebreaks. Let
lines run over 80-column.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Reported-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Create numa_emulation.c and move all NUMA emulation code there. The
definitions of struct numa_memblk and numa_meminfo are moved to
numa_64.h. Also, numa_remove_memblk_from(), numa_cleanup_meminfo(),
numa_reset_distance() along with numa_emulation() are made global.
- v2: Internal declarations moved to numa_internal.h as suggested by
Yinghai.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
