Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Arch-specific implementation of arch_uprobe_copy_ixol is expected to
override the weak implementation in generic code.
As currently both implementations are marked as weak, it is up to the
linker to chose one. Remove the __weak attribute from MIPS code to make
sure the correct version is used.
Fixes: 40e084a506 ("MIPS: Add uprobes support.")
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14660/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Current instruction decoder for uprobe/kprobe handler only handles
branches with delay slots. For compact branches the behaviour is rather
unpredictable - and depending on the encoding of a compact branch
instruction may result in one (or more) of:
- executing an instruction that follows a branch which wasn't in a delay
slot and shouldn't have been executed
- incorrectly emulating a branch leading to a jump to a wrong location
- unexpected branching out of the single-stepped code and never reaching
the breakpoint that should terminate the probe handler
Results of these actions are generally unpredictable, but can end up
with a probed application or kernel crash, so disable placing probes on
compact branches until they are handled properly.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14336/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Currently both kprobes and uprobes code have definitions of the
insn_has_delay_slot method. Move it to a separate header as an inline
method that each probe-specific method can later use.
No functional change intended, although the methods slightly varied in
the constraints they set for the methods - the uprobes one was chosen as
it is slightly more specific when filtering opcode fields.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14335/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Update arch_uprobe_copy_ixol() to use the kmap_atomic() based kernel
address to flush the icache with flush_icache_range(), rather than the
user mapping. We have the kernel mapping available anyway and this
avoids having to switch to using the new __flush_icache_user_range() for
the sake of Enhanced Virtual Addressing (EVA) where flush_icache_range()
will become ineffective on user addresses.
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Leonid Yegoshin <leonid.yegoshin@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14154/
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14308/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
arch_uprobe_pre_xol needs to emulate a branch if a branch instruction
has been replaced with a breakpoint, but in fact an uninitialised local
variable was passed to the emulator routine instead of the original
instruction
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Fixes: 40e084a506 ('MIPS: Add uprobes support.')
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14300/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Generic kernel code implements a weak version of set_orig_insn that
moves cached 'insn' from arch_uprobe to the original code location when
the trap is removed.
MIPS variant used arch_uprobe->orig_inst which was never initialised
properly, so this code only inserted a nop instead of the original
instruction. With that change orig_inst can also be safely removed.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Fixes: 40e084a506 ('MIPS: Add uprobes support.')
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14299/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
arch_uretprobe_hijack_return_addr should replace the return address for
a call with a trampoline address.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Fixes: 40e084a506 ('MIPS: Add uprobes support.')
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14298/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
When a uprobe-replacement breakpoint instruction is handled, a notifier
is called with DIE_UPROBE argument, but a corresponding exception notify
handler for MIPS attempts to handle DIE_BREAK instead. As a result
the breakpoint instruction isn't handled by the uprobe code and the probed
application terminates with SIGTRAP.
Fix this by changing arch_uprobe_exception_notify code to handle
DIE_UPROBE as a pre-singlestep condition instead of DIE_BREAK.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/13884/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
