A patch to give a better overview of the userland application stack usage,
especially for embedded linux.
Currently you are only able to dump the main process/thread stack usage
which is showed in /proc/pid/status by the "VmStk" Value. But you get no
information about the consumed stack memory of the the threads.
There is an enhancement in the /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/*maps and which marks
the vm mapping where the thread stack pointer reside with "[thread stack
xxxxxxxx]". xxxxxxxx is the maximum size of stack. This is a value
information, because libpthread doesn't set the start of the stack to the
top of the mapped area, depending of the pthread usage.
A sample output of /proc/<pid>/task/<tid>/maps looks like:
08048000-08049000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8312 /opt/z
08049000-0804a000 rw-p 00001000 03:00 8312 /opt/z
0804a000-0806b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap]
a7d12000-a7d13000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
a7d13000-a7f13000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [thread stack: 001ff4b4]
a7f13000-a7f14000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
a7f14000-a7f36000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a7f36000-a8069000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a8069000-a806b000 r--p 00133000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a806b000-a806c000 rw-p 00135000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a806c000-a806f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a806f000-a8083000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8083000-a8084000 r--p 00013000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8084000-a8085000 rw-p 00014000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8085000-a8088000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a8088000-a80a4000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
a80a4000-a80a5000 r--p 0001b000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
a80a5000-a80a6000 rw-p 0001c000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
afaf5000-afb0a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack]
ffffe000-fffff000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso]
Also there is a new entry "stack usage" in /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/status
which will you give the current stack usage in kb.
A sample output of /proc/self/status looks like:
Name: cat
State: R (running)
Tgid: 507
Pid: 507
.
.
.
CapBnd: fffffffffffffeff
voluntary_ctxt_switches: 0
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 0
Stack usage: 12 kB
I also fixed stack base address in /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/stat to the base
address of the associated thread stack and not the one of the main
process. This makes more sense.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fs/proc/array.c now needs walk_page_range()]
Signed-off-by: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix the menu idle governor which balances power savings, energy efficiency
and performance impact.
The reason for a reworked governor is that there have been serious
performance issues reported with the existing code on Nehalem server
systems.
To show this I'm sure Andrew wants to see benchmark results:
(benchmark is "fio", "no cstates" is using "idle=poll")
no cstates current linux new algorithm
1 disk 107 Mb/s 85 Mb/s 105 Mb/s
2 disks 215 Mb/s 123 Mb/s 209 Mb/s
12 disks 590 Mb/s 320 Mb/s 585 Mb/s
In various power benchmark measurements, no degredation was found by our
measurement&diagnostics team. Obviously a small percentage more power was
used in the "fio" benchmark, due to the much higher performance.
While it would be a novel idea to describe the new algorithm in this
commit message, I cheaped out and described it in comments in the code
instead.
[changes since first post: spelling fixes from akpm, review feedback,
folded menu-tng into menu.c]
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Yanmin Zhang <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, OOM logic callflow is here.
__out_of_memory()
select_bad_process() for each task
badness() calculate badness of one task
oom_kill_process() search child
oom_kill_task() kill target task and mm shared tasks with it
example, process-A have two thread, thread-A and thread-B and it have very
fat memory and each thread have following oom_adj and oom_score.
thread-A: oom_adj = OOM_DISABLE, oom_score = 0
thread-B: oom_adj = 0, oom_score = very-high
Then, select_bad_process() select thread-B, but oom_kill_task() refuse
kill the task because thread-A have OOM_DISABLE. Thus __out_of_memory()
call select_bad_process() again. but select_bad_process() select the same
task. It mean kernel fall in livelock.
The fact is, select_bad_process() must select killable task. otherwise
OOM logic go into livelock.
And root cause is, oom_adj shouldn't be per-thread value. it should be
per-process value because OOM-killer kill a process, not thread. Thus
This patch moves oomkilladj (now more appropriately named oom_adj) from
struct task_struct to struct signal_struct. it naturally prevent
select_bad_process() choose wrong task.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Just as the swapoff system call allocates many pages of RAM to various
processes, perhaps triggering OOM, so "echo 2 >/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run"
(unmerge) is liable to allocate many pages of RAM to various processes,
perhaps triggering OOM; and each is normally run from a modest admin
process (swapoff or shell), easily repeated until it succeeds.
So treat unmerge_and_remove_all_rmap_items() in the same way that we treat
try_to_unuse(): generalize PF_SWAPOFF to PF_OOM_ORIGIN, and bracket both
with that, to ask the OOM killer to kill them first, to prevent them from
spawning more and more OOM kills.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Acked-by: Izik Eidus <ieidus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch presents the mm interface to a dummy version of ksm.c, for
better scrutiny of that interface: the real ksm.c follows later.
When CONFIG_KSM is not set, madvise(2) reject MADV_MERGEABLE and
MADV_UNMERGEABLE with EINVAL, since that seems more helpful than
pretending that they can be serviced. But when CONFIG_KSM=y, accept them
even if KSM is not currently running, and even on areas which KSM will not
touch (e.g. hugetlb or shared file or special driver mappings).
Like other madvices, report ENOMEM despite success if any area in the
range is unmapped, and use EAGAIN to report out of memory.
Define vma flag VM_MERGEABLE to identify an area on which KSM may try
merging pages: leave it to ksm_madvise() to decide whether to set it.
Define mm flag MMF_VM_MERGEABLE to identify an mm which might contain
VM_MERGEABLE areas, to minimize callouts when forking or exiting.
Based upon earlier patches by Chris Wright and Izik Eidus.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Izik Eidus <ieidus@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'perfcounters-rename-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
perf: Tidy up after the big rename
perf: Do the big rename: Performance Counters -> Performance Events
perf_counter: Rename 'event' to event_id/hw_event
perf_counter: Rename list_entry -> group_entry, counter_list -> group_list
Manually resolved some fairly trivial conflicts with the tracing tree in
include/trace/ftrace.h and kernel/trace/trace_syscalls.c.
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
rcu: Fix whitespace inconsistencies
rcu: Fix thinko, actually initialize full tree
rcu: Apply results of code inspection of kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
rcu: Add WARN_ON_ONCE() consistency checks covering state transitions
rcu: Fix synchronize_rcu() for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
rcu: Simplify rcu_read_unlock_special() quiescent-state accounting
rcu: Add debug checks to TREE_PREEMPT_RCU for premature grace periods
rcu: Kconfig help needs to say that TREE_PREEMPT_RCU scales down
rcutorture: Occasionally delay readers enough to make RCU force_quiescent_state
rcu: Initialize multi-level RCU grace periods holding locks
rcu: Need to update rnp->gpnum if preemptable RCU is to be reliable
Bye-bye Performance Counters, welcome Performance Events!
In the past few months the perfcounters subsystem has grown out its
initial role of counting hardware events, and has become (and is
becoming) a much broader generic event enumeration, reporting, logging,
monitoring, analysis facility.
Naming its core object 'perf_counter' and naming the subsystem
'perfcounters' has become more and more of a misnomer. With pending
code like hw-breakpoints support the 'counter' name is less and
less appropriate.
All in one, we've decided to rename the subsystem to 'performance
events' and to propagate this rename through all fields, variables
and API names. (in an ABI compatible fashion)
The word 'event' is also a bit shorter than 'counter' - which makes
it slightly more convenient to write/handle as well.
Thanks goes to Stephane Eranian who first observed this misnomer and
suggested a rename.
User-space tooling and ABI compatibility is not affected - this patch
should be function-invariant. (Also, defconfigs were not touched to
keep the size down.)
This patch has been generated via the following script:
FILES=$(find * -type f | grep -vE 'oprofile|[^K]config')
sed -i \
-e 's/PERF_EVENT_/PERF_RECORD_/g' \
-e 's/PERF_COUNTER/PERF_EVENT/g' \
-e 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g' \
-e 's/nb_counters/nb_events/g' \
-e 's/swcounter/swevent/g' \
-e 's/tpcounter_event/tp_event/g' \
$FILES
for N in $(find . -name perf_counter.[ch]); do
M=$(echo $N | sed 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g')
mv $N $M
done
FILES=$(find . -name perf_event.*)
sed -i \
-e 's/COUNTER_MASK/REG_MASK/g' \
-e 's/COUNTER/EVENT/g' \
-e 's/\<event\>/event_id/g' \
-e 's/counter/event/g' \
-e 's/Counter/Event/g' \
$FILES
... to keep it as correct as possible. This script can also be
used by anyone who has pending perfcounters patches - it converts
a Linux kernel tree over to the new naming. We tried to time this
change to the point in time where the amount of pending patches
is the smallest: the end of the merge window.
Namespace clashes were fixed up in a preparatory patch - and some
stylistic fallout will be fixed up in a subsequent patch.
( NOTE: 'counters' are still the proper terminology when we deal
with hardware registers - and these sed scripts are a bit
over-eager in renaming them. I've undone some of that, but
in case there's something left where 'counter' would be
better than 'event' we can undo that on an individual basis
instead of touching an otherwise nicely automated patch. )
Suggested-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
By removing the need for it to know details of scheduling classes.
This allows PlugSched to define orthogonal scheduling classes.
Signed-off-by: Peter Williams <pwil3058@bigpond.net.au>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
LKML-Reference: <06d1b89ee15a0eef82d7.1253496713@mudlark.pw.nest>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
runqueue_is_locked() is unavoidably racy due to a poor interface design.
It does
cpu = get_cpu()
ret = some_perpcu_thing(cpu);
put_cpu(cpu);
return ret;
Its return value is unreliable.
Fix.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <200909191855.n8JItiko022148@imap1.linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The earlier approach required two scheduling-clock ticks to note an
preemptable-RCU quiescent state in the situation in which the
scheduling-clock interrupt is unlucky enough to always interrupt an
RCU read-side critical section.
With this change, the quiescent state is instead noted by the
outermost rcu_read_unlock() immediately following the first
scheduling-clock tick, or, alternatively, by the first subsequent
context switch. Therefore, this change also speeds up grace
periods.
Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
LKML-Reference: <12528585111945-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Create a new wakeup preemption mode, preempt towards tasks that run
shorter on avg. It sets next buddy to be sure we actually run the task
we preempted for.
Test results:
root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
[1] 6537
root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
[2] 6538
root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
[3] 6539
root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
[4] 6540
root@twins:/home/peter# ./latt -c4 sleep 4
Entries: 48 (clients=4)
Averages:
------------------------------
Max 4750 usec
Avg 497 usec
Stdev 737 usec
root@twins:/home/peter# echo WAKEUP_RUNNING > /debug/sched_features
root@twins:/home/peter# ./latt -c4 sleep 4
Entries: 48 (clients=4)
Averages:
------------------------------
Max 14 usec
Avg 5 usec
Stdev 3 usec
Disabled by default - needs more testing.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
And turn it on for NUMA and MC domains. This improves
locality in balancing decisions by keeping up to
capacity amount of tasks local before looking for idle
CPUs. (and twice the capacity if SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE
is set.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Avoid the cache buddies from biasing the time distribution away
from fork()ers. Normally the next buddy will be the preferred
scheduling target, but this makes fork()s prefer to run the new
child, whereas we prefer to run the parent, since that will
generate more work.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
In order to extend the functions to have more than 1 flag (sync),
rename the argument to flags, and explicitly define a WF_ space for
individual flags.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
In order to be able to rename the sync argument, we need to rename
the current flag argument.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
APERF/MPERF support for cpu_power.
APERF/MPERF is arch defined to be a relative scale of work capacity
per logical cpu, this is assumed to include SMT and Turbo mode.
APERF/MPERF are specified to both reset to 0 when either counter
wraps, which is highly inconvenient, since that'll give a blimp
when that happens. The manual specifies writing 0 to the counters
after each read, but that's 1) too expensive, and 2) destroys the
possibility of sharing these counters with other users, so we live
with the blimp - the other existing user does too.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The problem with wake_idle() is that is doesn't respect things like
cpu_power, which means it doesn't deal well with SMT nor the recent
RT interaction.
To cure this, it needs to do what sched_balance_self() does, which
leads to the possibility of merging select_task_rq_fair() and
sched_balance_self().
Modify sched_balance_self() to:
- update_shares() when walking up the domain tree,
(it only called it for the top domain, but it should
have done this anyway), which allows us to remove
this ugly bit from try_to_wake_up().
- do wake_affine() on the smallest domain that contains
both this (the waking) and the prev (the wakee) cpu for
WAKE invocations.
Then use the top-down balance steps it had to replace wake_idle().
This leads to the dissapearance of SD_WAKE_BALANCE and
SD_WAKE_IDLE_FAR, with SD_WAKE_IDLE replaced with SD_BALANCE_WAKE.
SD_WAKE_AFFINE needs SD_BALANCE_WAKE to be effective.
Touch all topology bits to replace the old with new SD flags --
platforms might need re-tuning, enabling SD_BALANCE_WAKE
conditionally on a NUMA distance seems like a good additional
feature, magny-core and small nehalem systems would want this
enabled, systems with slow interconnects would not.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We're going to want to drop rq->lock in try_to_wake_up() for a
longer period of time, however we also want to deal with concurrent
waking of the same task, which is currently handled by holding
rq->lock.
So introduce a new TASK state, namely TASK_WAKING, which indicates
someone is already waking the task (other wakers will fail p->state
& state).
We also keep preemption disabled over the whole ttwu().
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Rather ugly patch to fully place the sched_balance_self() code
inside the fair class.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (64 commits)
sched: Fix sched::sched_stat_wait tracepoint field
sched: Disable NEW_FAIR_SLEEPERS for now
sched: Keep kthreads at default priority
sched: Re-tune the scheduler latency defaults to decrease worst-case latencies
sched: Turn off child_runs_first
sched: Ensure that a child can't gain time over it's parent after fork()
sched: enable SD_WAKE_IDLE
sched: Deal with low-load in wake_affine()
sched: Remove short cut from select_task_rq_fair()
sched: Turn on SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE
sched: Clean up topology.h
sched: Fix dynamic power-balancing crash
sched: Remove reciprocal for cpu_power
sched: Try to deal with low capacity, fix update_sd_power_savings_stats()
sched: Try to deal with low capacity
sched: Scale down cpu_power due to RT tasks
sched: Implement dynamic cpu_power
sched: Add smt_gain
sched: Update the cpu_power sum during load-balance
sched: Add SD_PREFER_SIBLING
...
* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (28 commits)
rcu: Move end of special early-boot RCU operation earlier
rcu: Changes from reviews: avoid casts, fix/add warnings, improve comments
rcu: Create rcutree plugins to handle hotplug CPU for multi-level trees
rcu: Remove lockdep annotations from RCU's _notrace() API members
rcu: Add #ifdef to suppress __rcu_offline_cpu() warning in !HOTPLUG_CPU builds
rcu: Add CPU-offline processing for single-node configurations
rcu: Add "notrace" to RCU function headers used by ftrace
rcu: Remove CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
rcu: Merge preemptable-RCU functionality into hierarchical RCU
rcu: Simplify rcu_pending()/rcu_check_callbacks() API
rcu: Use debugfs_remove_recursive() simplify code.
rcu: Merge per-RCU-flavor initialization into pre-existing macro
rcu: Fix online/offline indication for rcudata.csv trace file
rcu: Consolidate sparse and lockdep declarations in include/linux/rcupdate.h
rcu: Renamings to increase RCU clarity
rcu: Move private definitions from include/linux/rcutree.h to kernel/rcutree.h
rcu: Expunge lingering references to CONFIG_CLASSIC_RCU, optimize on !SMP
rcu: Delay rcu_barrier() wait until beginning of next CPU-hotunplug operation.
rcu: Fix typo in rcu_irq_exit() comment header
rcu: Make rcupreempt_trace.c look at offline CPUs
...
Set child_runs_first default to off.
It hurts 'optimal' make -j<NR_CPUS> workloads as make jobs
get preempted by child tasks, reducing parallelism.
Note, this patch might make existing races in user
applications more prominent than before - so breakages
might be bisected to this commit.
Child-runs-first is broken on SMP to begin with, and we
already had it off briefly in v2.6.23 so most of the
offenders ought to be fixed. Would be nice not to revert
this commit but fix those apps finally ...
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1252486344.28645.18.camel@marge.simson.net>
[ made the sysctl independent of CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG, in case
people want to work around broken apps. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Its a source of fail, also, now that cpu_power is dynamical,
its a waste of time.
before:
<idle>-0 [000] 132.877936: find_busiest_group: avg_load: 0 group_load: 8241 power: 1
after:
bash-1689 [001] 137.862151: find_busiest_group: avg_load: 10636288 group_load: 10387 power: 1
[ v2: build fix from From: Andreas Herrmann ]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090901083826.425896304@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Keep an average on the amount of time spend on RT tasks and use
that fraction to scale down the cpu_power for regular tasks.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090901083826.287778431@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The idea is that multi-threading a core yields more work
capacity than a single thread, provide a way to express a
static gain for threads.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090901083826.073345955@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Do the placement thing using SD flags.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Acked-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090901083825.897028974@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add a keyctl to install a process's session keyring onto its parent. This
replaces the parent's session keyring. Because the COW credential code does
not permit one process to change another process's credentials directly, the
change is deferred until userspace next starts executing again. Normally this
will be after a wait*() syscall.
To support this, three new security hooks have been provided:
cred_alloc_blank() to allocate unset security creds, cred_transfer() to fill in
the blank security creds and key_session_to_parent() - which asks the LSM if
the process may replace its parent's session keyring.
The replacement may only happen if the process has the same ownership details
as its parent, and the process has LINK permission on the session keyring, and
the session keyring is owned by the process, and the LSM permits it.
Note that this requires alteration to each architecture's notify_resume path.
This has been done for all arches barring blackfin, m68k* and xtensa, all of
which need assembly alteration to support TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME. This allows the
replacement to be performed at the point the parent process resumes userspace
execution.
This allows the userspace AFS pioctl emulation to fully emulate newpag() and
the VIOCSETTOK and VIOCSETTOK2 pioctls, all of which require the ability to
alter the parent process's PAG membership. However, since kAFS doesn't use
PAGs per se, but rather dumps the keys into the session keyring, the session
keyring of the parent must be replaced if, for example, VIOCSETTOK is passed
the newpag flag.
This can be tested with the following program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <keyutils.h>
#define KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT 18
#define OSERROR(X, S) do { if ((long)(X) == -1) { perror(S); exit(1); } } while(0)
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
key_serial_t keyring, key;
long ret;
keyring = keyctl_join_session_keyring(argv[1]);
OSERROR(keyring, "keyctl_join_session_keyring");
key = add_key("user", "a", "b", 1, keyring);
OSERROR(key, "add_key");
ret = keyctl(KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT);
OSERROR(ret, "KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT");
return 0;
}
Compiled and linked with -lkeyutils, you should see something like:
[dhowells@andromeda ~]$ keyctl show
Session Keyring
-3 --alswrv 4043 4043 keyring: _ses
355907932 --alswrv 4043 -1 \_ keyring: _uid.4043
[dhowells@andromeda ~]$ /tmp/newpag
[dhowells@andromeda ~]$ keyctl show
Session Keyring
-3 --alswrv 4043 4043 keyring: _ses
1055658746 --alswrv 4043 4043 \_ user: a
[dhowells@andromeda ~]$ /tmp/newpag hello
[dhowells@andromeda ~]$ keyctl show
Session Keyring
-3 --alswrv 4043 4043 keyring: hello
340417692 --alswrv 4043 4043 \_ user: a
Where the test program creates a new session keyring, sticks a user key named
'a' into it and then installs it on its parent.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
For counting how long an application has been waiting for
(disk) IO, there currently is only the HZ sample driven
information available, while for all other counters in this
class, a high resolution version is available via
CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS.
In order to make an improved bootchart tool possible, we also
need a higher resolution version of the iowait time.
This patch below adds this scheduler statistic to the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <4A64B813.1080506@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Merge reason: bump from rc5 to rc8, but also pick up TP_perf_assign()
API, a patch will be queued that depends on it.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When offlining CPUs from a multi-level tree, there is the
possibility of offlining the last CPU from a given node when
there are preempted RCU read-side critical sections that
started life on one of the CPUs on that node.
In this case, the corresponding tasks will be enqueued via the
task_struct's rcu_node_entry list_head onto one of the
rcu_node's blocked_tasks[] lists. These tasks need to be moved
somewhere else so that they will prevent the current grace
period from ending. That somewhere is the root rcu_node.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josht@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
LKML-Reference: <20090827215816.GA30472@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Create a kernel/rcutree_plugin.h file that contains definitions
for preemptable RCU (or, under the #else branch of the #ifdef,
empty definitions for the classic non-preemptable semantics).
These definitions fit into plugins defined in kernel/rcutree.c
for this purpose.
This variant of preemptable RCU uses a new algorithm whose
read-side expense is roughly that of classic hierarchical RCU
under CONFIG_PREEMPT. This new algorithm's update-side expense
is similar to that of classic hierarchical RCU, and, in absence
of read-side preemption or blocking, is exactly that of classic
hierarchical RCU. Perhaps more important, this new algorithm
has a much simpler implementation, saving well over 1,000 lines
of code compared to mainline's implementation of preemptable
RCU, which will hopefully be retired in favor of this new
algorithm.
The simplifications are obtained by maintaining per-task
nesting state for running tasks, and using a simple
lock-protected algorithm to handle accounting when tasks block
within RCU read-side critical sections, making use of lessons
learned while creating numerous user-level RCU implementations
over the past 18 months.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josht@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
LKML-Reference: <12509746134003-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The commit 2ff05b2b (oom: move oom_adj value) moveed the oom_adj value to
the mm_struct. It was a very good first step for sanitize OOM.
However Paul Menage reported the commit makes regression to his job
scheduler. Current OOM logic can kill OOM_DISABLED process.
Why? His program has the code of similar to the following.
...
set_oom_adj(OOM_DISABLE); /* The job scheduler never killed by oom */
...
if (vfork() == 0) {
set_oom_adj(0); /* Invoked child can be killed */
execve("foo-bar-cmd");
}
....
vfork() parent and child are shared the same mm_struct. then above
set_oom_adj(0) doesn't only change oom_adj for vfork() child, it's also
change oom_adj for vfork() parent. Then, vfork() parent (job scheduler)
lost OOM immune and it was killed.
Actually, fork-setting-exec idiom is very frequently used in userland program.
We must not break this assumption.
Then, this patch revert commit 2ff05b2b and related commit.
Reverted commit list
---------------------
- commit 2ff05b2b4e (oom: move oom_adj value from task_struct to mm_struct)
- commit 4d8b9135c3 (oom: avoid unnecessary mm locking and scanning for OOM_DISABLE)
- commit 8123681022 (oom: only oom kill exiting tasks with attached memory)
- commit 933b787b57 (mm: copy over oom_adj value at fork time)
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The field stack_canary is only used with CC_STACKPROTECTOR.
This patch reduces task_struct size without CC_STACKPROTECTOR.
Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
LKML-Reference: <4A8A44CA.2020701@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We currently have an explicit "needs_post" vtable method which
returns a stack variable for whether we should later run
post-schedule. This leads to an awkward exchange of the
variable as it bubbles back up out of the context switch. Peter
Zijlstra observed that this information could be stored in the
run-queue itself instead of handled on the stack.
Therefore, we revert to the method of having context_switch
return void, and update an internal rq->post_schedule variable
when we require further processing.
In addition, we fix a race condition where we try to access
current->sched_class without holding the rq->lock. This is
technically racy, as the sched-class could change out from
under us. Instead, we reference the per-rq post_schedule
variable with the runqueue unlocked, but with preemption
disabled to see if we need to reacquire the rq->lock.
Finally, we clean the code up slightly by removing the #ifdef
CONFIG_SMP conditionals from the schedule() call, and implement
some inline helper functions instead.
This patch passes checkpatch, and rt-migrate.
Signed-off-by: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20090729150422.17691.55590.stgit@dev.haskins.net>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The might_sleep() test inside cond_resched_lock() assumes the
spinlock is held and then preemption is disabled. This is true
with CONFIG_PREEMPT but the preempt_count() doesn't change
otherwise.
Check by starting from the appropriate preempt offset depending
on the config.
Reported-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1248458723-12146-1-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
fs/locks.c:flock_lock_file() is the only user of
cond_resched_bkl()
This helper doesn't do anything more than cond_resched(). The
latter naming is enough to explain that we are rescheduling if
needed.
The bkl suffix suggests another semantics but it's actually a
synonym of cond_resched().
Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1247725694-6082-7-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
might_sleep() is called late-ish in cond_resched(), after the
need_resched()/preempt enabled/system running tests are
checked.
It's better to check the sleeps while atomic earlier and not
depend on some environment datas that reduce the chances to
detect a problem.
Also define cond_resched_*() helpers as macros, so that the
FILE/LINE reported in the sleeping while atomic warning
displays the real origin and not sched.h
Changes in v2:
- Call __might_sleep() directly instead of might_sleep() which
may call cond_resched()
- Turn cond_resched() into a macro so that the file:line
couple reported refers to the caller of cond_resched() and
not __cond_resched() itself.
Changes in v3:
- Also propagate this __might_sleep() pull up to
cond_resched_lock() and cond_resched_softirq()
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1247725694-6082-6-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
commit e3c8ca8336 (sched: do not count frozen tasks toward load) broke
the nr_uninterruptible accounting on freeze/thaw. On freeze the task
is excluded from accounting with a check for (task->flags &
PF_FROZEN), but that flag is cleared before the task is thawed. So
while we prevent that the task with state TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE
is accounted to nr_uninterruptible on freeze we decrement
nr_uninterruptible on thaw.
Use a separate flag which is handled by the freezing task itself. Set
it before calling the scheduler with TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE state and
clear it after we return from frozen state.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
- is_single_threaded(task) is not safe unless task == current,
we can't use task->signal or task->mm.
- it doesn't make sense unless task == current, the task can
fork right after the check.
Rename it to current_is_single_threaded() and kill the argument.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Optimize cond_resched() by removing one conditional.
Currently cond_resched() checks system_state ==
SYSTEM_RUNNING in order to avoid scheduling before the
scheduler is running.
We can however, as per suggestion of Matt, use
PREEMPT_ACTIVE to accomplish that very same.
Suggested-by: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
