Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This way we don't need a block_device structure to submit I/O. The
block_device has different life time rules from the gendisk and
request_queue and is usually only available when the block device node
is open. Other callers need to explicitly create one (e.g. the lightnvm
passthrough code, or the new nvme multipathing code).
For the actual I/O path all that we need is the gendisk, which exists
once per block device. But given that the block layer also does
partition remapping we additionally need a partition index, which is
used for said remapping in generic_make_request.
Note that all the block drivers generally want request_queue or
sometimes the gendisk, so this removes a layer of indirection all
over the stack.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Now that we don't need the common flags to overflow outside the range
of a 32-bit type we can encode them the same way for both the bio and
request fields. This in addition allows us to place the operation
first (and make some room for more ops while we're at it) and to
stop having to shift around the operation values.
In addition this allows passing around only one value in the block layer
instead of two (and eventuall also in the file systems, but we can do
that later) and thus clean up a lot of code.
Last but not least this allows decreasing the size of the cmd_flags
field in struct request to 32-bits. Various functions passing this
value could also be updated, but I'd like to avoid the churn for now.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Since commit 63a4cc2486, bio->bi_rw contains flags in the lower
portion and the op code in the higher portions. This means that
old code that relies on manually setting bi_rw is most likely
going to be broken. Instead of letting that brokeness linger,
rename the member, to force old and out-of-tree code to break
at compile time instead of at runtime.
No intended functional changes in this commit.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Have blktrace use the req/bio op accessor to get the REQ_OP.
Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
This was originally added as at optimization that for various reasons isn't
needed anymore, but it does add a lot of nasty corner cases (and it was
responsible for some recently fixed bugs). Just get rid of it now.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kmo@daterainc.com>
Change the invalidate tracepoint to indicate how much data we're invalidating,
and change the alloc tracepoints to indicate what offset they're for.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kmo@daterainc.com>
We need a reserve for allocating buckets for new btree nodes - and now that
we've got multiple btrees, it really needs to be per btree.
This reworks the reserves so we've got separate freelists for each reserve
instead of watermarks, which seems to make things a bit cleaner, and it adds
some code so that btree_split() can make sure the reserve is available before it
starts.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kmo@daterainc.com>
With all the recent refactoring around struct btree op struct search has
gotten rather large.
But we can now easily break it up in a different way - we break out
struct btree_insert_op which is for inserting data into the cache, and
that's now what the copying gc code uses - struct search is now specific
to request.c
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kmo@daterainc.com>
Old gcc doesnt like the struct hack, and it is kind of ugly. So finish
off the work to convert pr_debug() statements to tracepoints, and delete
pkey()/pbtree().
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
The tracepoints were reworked to be more sensible, and fixed a null
pointer deref in one of the tracepoints.
Converted some of the pr_debug()s to tracepoints - this is partly a
performance optimization; it used to be that with DEBUG or
CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG pr_debug() was an empty macro; but at some point it
was changed to an empty inline function.
Some of the pr_debug() statements had rather expensive function calls as
part of the arguments, so this code was getting run unnecessarily even
on non debug kernels - in some fast paths, too.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Does writethrough and writeback caching, handles unclean shutdown, and
has a bunch of other nifty features motivated by real world usage.
See the wiki at http://bcache.evilpiepirate.org for more.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
