Commit Graph

703 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Joonsoo Kim
45eb00cd3a mm/slub: don't wait for high-order page allocation
Description is almost copied from commit fb05e7a89f ("net: don't wait
for order-3 page allocation").

I saw excessive direct memory reclaim/compaction triggered by slub.  This
causes performance issues and add latency.  Slub uses high-order
allocation to reduce internal fragmentation and management overhead.  But,
direct memory reclaim/compaction has high overhead and the benefit of
high-order allocation can't compensate the overhead of both work.

This patch makes auxiliary high-order allocation atomic.  If there is no
memory pressure and memory isn't fragmented, the alloction will still
success, so we don't sacrifice high-order allocation's benefit here.  If
the atomic allocation fails, direct memory reclaim/compaction will not be
triggered, allocation fallback to low-order immediately, hence the direct
memory reclaim/compaction overhead is avoided.  In the allocation failure
case, kswapd is waken up and trying to make high-order freepages, so
allocation could success next time.

Following is the test to measure effect of this patch.

System: QEMU, CPU 8, 512 MB
Mem: 25% memory is allocated at random position to make fragmentation.
 Memory-hogger occupies 150 MB memory.
Workload: hackbench -g 20 -l 1000

Average result by 10 runs (Base va Patched)

elapsed_time(s): 4.3468 vs 2.9838
compact_stall: 461.7 vs 73.6
pgmigrate_success: 28315.9 vs 7256.1

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov
80da026a8e mm/slub: fix slab double-free in case of duplicate sysfs filename
sysfs_slab_add() shouldn't call kobject_put at error path: this puts last
reference of kmem-cache kobject and frees it.  Kmem cache will be freed
second time at error path in kmem_cache_create().

For example this happens when slub debug was enabled in runtime and
somebody creates new kmem cache:

# echo 1 | tee /sys/kernel/slab/*/sanity_checks
# modprobe configfs

"configfs_dir_cache" cannot be merged because existing slab have debug and
cannot create new slab because unique name ":t-0000096" already taken.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner
588f8ba913 mm/slub: move slab initialization into irq enabled region
Initializing a new slab can introduce rather large latencies because most
of the initialization runs always with interrupts disabled.

There is no point in doing so.  The newly allocated slab is not visible
yet, so there is no reason to protect it against concurrent alloc/free.

Move the expensive parts of the initialization into allocate_slab(), so
for all allocations with GFP_WAIT set, interrupts are enabled.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
3eed034d04 slub: add support for kmem_cache_debug in bulk calls
Per request of Joonsoo Kim adding kmem debug support.

I've tested that when debugging is disabled, then there is almost no
performance impact as this code basically gets removed by the compiler.

Need some guidance in enabling and testing this.

bulk- PREVIOUS                  - THIS-PATCH
  1 -  43 cycles(tsc) 10.811 ns -  44 cycles(tsc) 11.236 ns  improved  -2.3%
  2 -  27 cycles(tsc)  6.867 ns -  28 cycles(tsc)  7.019 ns  improved  -3.7%
  3 -  21 cycles(tsc)  5.496 ns -  22 cycles(tsc)  5.526 ns  improved  -4.8%
  4 -  24 cycles(tsc)  6.038 ns -  19 cycles(tsc)  4.786 ns  improved  20.8%
  8 -  17 cycles(tsc)  4.280 ns -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.572 ns  improved  -5.9%
 16 -  17 cycles(tsc)  4.483 ns -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.658 ns  improved  -5.9%
 30 -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.531 ns -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.568 ns  improved   0.0%
 32 -  58 cycles(tsc) 14.586 ns -  65 cycles(tsc) 16.454 ns  improved -12.1%
 34 -  53 cycles(tsc) 13.391 ns -  63 cycles(tsc) 15.932 ns  improved -18.9%
 48 -  65 cycles(tsc) 16.268 ns -  50 cycles(tsc) 12.506 ns  improved  23.1%
 64 -  53 cycles(tsc) 13.440 ns -  63 cycles(tsc) 15.929 ns  improved -18.9%
128 -  79 cycles(tsc) 19.899 ns -  86 cycles(tsc) 21.583 ns  improved  -8.9%
158 -  90 cycles(tsc) 22.732 ns -  90 cycles(tsc) 22.552 ns  improved   0.0%
250 -  95 cycles(tsc) 23.916 ns -  98 cycles(tsc) 24.589 ns  improved  -3.2%

Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
fbd02630c6 slub: initial bulk free implementation
This implements SLUB specific kmem_cache_free_bulk().  SLUB allocator now
both have bulk alloc and free implemented.

Choose to reenable local IRQs while calling slowpath __slab_free().  In
worst case, where all objects hit slowpath call, the performance should
still be faster than fallback function __kmem_cache_free_bulk(), because
local_irq_{disable+enable} is very fast (7-cycles), while the fallback
invokes this_cpu_cmpxchg() which is slightly slower (9-cycles).
Nitpicking, this should be faster for N>=4, due to the entry cost of
local_irq_{disable+enable}.

Do notice that the save+restore variant is very expensive, this is key to
why this optimization works.

CPU: i7-4790K CPU @ 4.00GHz
 * local_irq_{disable,enable}:  7 cycles(tsc) - 1.821 ns
 * local_irq_{save,restore}  : 37 cycles(tsc) - 9.443 ns

Measurements on CPU CPU i7-4790K @ 4.00GHz
Baseline normal fastpath (alloc+free cost): 43 cycles(tsc) 10.834 ns

Bulk- fallback                   - this-patch
  1 -  58 cycles(tsc) 14.542 ns  -  43 cycles(tsc) 10.811 ns  improved 25.9%
  2 -  50 cycles(tsc) 12.659 ns  -  27 cycles(tsc)  6.867 ns  improved 46.0%
  3 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.168 ns  -  21 cycles(tsc)  5.496 ns  improved 56.2%
  4 -  47 cycles(tsc) 11.987 ns  -  24 cycles(tsc)  6.038 ns  improved 48.9%
  8 -  46 cycles(tsc) 11.518 ns  -  17 cycles(tsc)  4.280 ns  improved 63.0%
 16 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.366 ns  -  17 cycles(tsc)  4.483 ns  improved 62.2%
 30 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.433 ns  -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.531 ns  improved 60.0%
 32 -  75 cycles(tsc) 18.983 ns  -  58 cycles(tsc) 14.586 ns  improved 22.7%
 34 -  71 cycles(tsc) 17.940 ns  -  53 cycles(tsc) 13.391 ns  improved 25.4%
 48 -  80 cycles(tsc) 20.077 ns  -  65 cycles(tsc) 16.268 ns  improved 18.8%
 64 -  71 cycles(tsc) 17.799 ns  -  53 cycles(tsc) 13.440 ns  improved 25.4%
128 -  91 cycles(tsc) 22.980 ns  -  79 cycles(tsc) 19.899 ns  improved 13.2%
158 - 100 cycles(tsc) 25.241 ns  -  90 cycles(tsc) 22.732 ns  improved 10.0%
250 - 102 cycles(tsc) 25.583 ns  -  95 cycles(tsc) 23.916 ns  improved  6.9%

Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
ebe909e0fd slub: improve bulk alloc strategy
Call slowpath __slab_alloc() from within the bulk loop, as the side-effect
of this call likely repopulates c->freelist.

Choose to reenable local IRQs while calling slowpath.

Saving some optimizations for later.  E.g.  it is possible to extract
parts of __slab_alloc() and avoid the unnecessary and expensive (37
cycles) local_irq_{save,restore}.  For now, be happy calling
__slab_alloc() this lower icache impact of this func and I don't have to
worry about correctness.

Measurements on CPU CPU i7-4790K @ 4.00GHz
Baseline normal fastpath (alloc+free cost): 42 cycles(tsc) 10.601 ns

Bulk- fallback                   - this-patch
  1 -  58 cycles(tsc) 14.516 ns  -  49 cycles(tsc) 12.459 ns  improved 15.5%
  2 -  51 cycles(tsc) 12.930 ns  -  38 cycles(tsc)  9.605 ns  improved 25.5%
  3 -  49 cycles(tsc) 12.274 ns  -  34 cycles(tsc)  8.525 ns  improved 30.6%
  4 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.058 ns  -  32 cycles(tsc)  8.036 ns  improved 33.3%
  8 -  46 cycles(tsc) 11.609 ns  -  31 cycles(tsc)  7.756 ns  improved 32.6%
 16 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.451 ns  -  32 cycles(tsc)  8.148 ns  improved 28.9%
 30 -  79 cycles(tsc) 19.865 ns  -  68 cycles(tsc) 17.164 ns  improved 13.9%
 32 -  76 cycles(tsc) 19.212 ns  -  66 cycles(tsc) 16.584 ns  improved 13.2%
 34 -  74 cycles(tsc) 18.600 ns  -  63 cycles(tsc) 15.954 ns  improved 14.9%
 48 -  88 cycles(tsc) 22.092 ns  -  77 cycles(tsc) 19.373 ns  improved 12.5%
 64 -  80 cycles(tsc) 20.043 ns  -  68 cycles(tsc) 17.188 ns  improved 15.0%
128 -  99 cycles(tsc) 24.818 ns  -  89 cycles(tsc) 22.404 ns  improved 10.1%
158 -  99 cycles(tsc) 24.977 ns  -  92 cycles(tsc) 23.089 ns  improved  7.1%
250 - 106 cycles(tsc) 26.552 ns  -  99 cycles(tsc) 24.785 ns  improved  6.6%

Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
994eb764ec slub bulk alloc: extract objects from the per cpu slab
First piece: acceleration of retrieval of per cpu objects

If we are allocating lots of objects then it is advantageous to disable
interrupts and avoid the this_cpu_cmpxchg() operation to get these objects
faster.

Note that we cannot do the fast operation if debugging is enabled, because
we would have to add extra code to do all the debugging checks.  And it
would not be fast anyway.

Note also that the requirement of having interrupts disabled avoids having
to do processor flag operations.

Allocate as many objects as possible in the fast way and then fall back to
the generic implementation for the rest of the objects.

Measurements on CPU CPU i7-4790K @ 4.00GHz
Baseline normal fastpath (alloc+free cost): 42 cycles(tsc) 10.554 ns

Bulk- fallback                   - this-patch
  1 -  57 cycles(tsc) 14.432 ns  -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.155 ns  improved 15.8%
  2 -  50 cycles(tsc) 12.746 ns  -  37 cycles(tsc)  9.390 ns  improved 26.0%
  3 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.180 ns  -  33 cycles(tsc)  8.417 ns  improved 31.2%
  4 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.015 ns  -  32 cycles(tsc)  8.045 ns  improved 33.3%
  8 -  46 cycles(tsc) 11.526 ns  -  30 cycles(tsc)  7.699 ns  improved 34.8%
 16 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.418 ns  -  32 cycles(tsc)  8.205 ns  improved 28.9%
 30 -  80 cycles(tsc) 20.246 ns  -  73 cycles(tsc) 18.328 ns  improved  8.8%
 32 -  79 cycles(tsc) 19.946 ns  -  72 cycles(tsc) 18.208 ns  improved  8.9%
 34 -  78 cycles(tsc) 19.659 ns  -  71 cycles(tsc) 17.987 ns  improved  9.0%
 48 -  86 cycles(tsc) 21.516 ns  -  82 cycles(tsc) 20.566 ns  improved  4.7%
 64 -  93 cycles(tsc) 23.423 ns  -  89 cycles(tsc) 22.480 ns  improved  4.3%
128 - 100 cycles(tsc) 25.170 ns  -  99 cycles(tsc) 24.871 ns  improved  1.0%
158 - 102 cycles(tsc) 25.549 ns  - 101 cycles(tsc) 25.375 ns  improved  1.0%
250 - 101 cycles(tsc) 25.344 ns  - 100 cycles(tsc) 25.182 ns  improved  1.0%

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
484748f0b6 slab: infrastructure for bulk object allocation and freeing
Add the basic infrastructure for alloc/free operations on pointer arrays.
It includes a generic function in the common slab code that is used in
this infrastructure patch to create the unoptimized functionality for slab
bulk operations.

Allocators can then provide optimized allocation functions for situations
in which large numbers of objects are needed.  These optimization may
avoid taking locks repeatedly and bypass metadata creation if all objects
in slab pages can be used to provide the objects required.

Allocators can extend the skeletons provided and add their own code to the
bulk alloc and free functions.  They can keep the generic allocation and
freeing and just fall back to those if optimizations would not work (like
for example when debugging is on).

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
2ae44005b6 slub: fix spelling succedd to succeed
With this patchset the SLUB allocator now has both bulk alloc and free
implemented.

This patchset mostly optimizes the "fastpath" where objects are available
on the per CPU fastpath page.  This mostly amortize the less-heavy
none-locked cmpxchg_double used on fastpath.

The "fallback" bulking (e.g __kmem_cache_free_bulk) provides a good basis
for comparison.  Measurements[1] of the fallback functions
__kmem_cache_{free,alloc}_bulk have been copied from slab_common.c and
forced "noinline" to force a function call like slab_common.c.

Measurements on CPU CPU i7-4790K @ 4.00GHz
Baseline normal fastpath (alloc+free cost): 42 cycles(tsc) 10.601 ns

Measurements last-patch with disabled debugging:

Bulk- fallback                   - this-patch
  1 -  57 cycles(tsc) 14.448 ns  -  44 cycles(tsc) 11.236 ns  improved 22.8%
  2 -  51 cycles(tsc) 12.768 ns  -  28 cycles(tsc)  7.019 ns  improved 45.1%
  3 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.232 ns  -  22 cycles(tsc)  5.526 ns  improved 54.2%
  4 -  48 cycles(tsc) 12.025 ns  -  19 cycles(tsc)  4.786 ns  improved 60.4%
  8 -  46 cycles(tsc) 11.558 ns  -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.572 ns  improved 60.9%
 16 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.458 ns  -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.658 ns  improved 60.0%
 30 -  45 cycles(tsc) 11.499 ns  -  18 cycles(tsc)  4.568 ns  improved 60.0%
 32 -  79 cycles(tsc) 19.917 ns  -  65 cycles(tsc) 16.454 ns  improved 17.7%
 34 -  78 cycles(tsc) 19.655 ns  -  63 cycles(tsc) 15.932 ns  improved 19.2%
 48 -  68 cycles(tsc) 17.049 ns  -  50 cycles(tsc) 12.506 ns  improved 26.5%
 64 -  80 cycles(tsc) 20.009 ns  -  63 cycles(tsc) 15.929 ns  improved 21.3%
128 -  94 cycles(tsc) 23.749 ns  -  86 cycles(tsc) 21.583 ns  improved  8.5%
158 -  97 cycles(tsc) 24.299 ns  -  90 cycles(tsc) 22.552 ns  improved  7.2%
250 - 102 cycles(tsc) 25.681 ns  -  98 cycles(tsc) 24.589 ns  improved  3.9%

Benchmarking shows impressive improvements in the "fastpath" with a small
number of objects in the working set.  Once the working set increases,
resulting in activating the "slowpath" (that contains the heavier locked
cmpxchg_double) the improvement decreases.

I'm currently working on also optimizing the "slowpath" (as network stack
use-case hits this), but this patchset should provide a good foundation
for further improvements.  Rest of my patch queue in this area needs some
more work, but preliminary results are good.  I'm attending Netfilter
Workshop[2] next week, and I'll hopefully return working on further
improvements in this area.

This patch (of 6):

s/succedd/succeed/

Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-09-04 16:54:41 -07:00
Michal Hocko
2f064f3485 mm: make page pfmemalloc check more robust
Commit c48a11c7ad ("netvm: propagate page->pfmemalloc to skb") added
checks for page->pfmemalloc to __skb_fill_page_desc():

        if (page->pfmemalloc && !page->mapping)
                skb->pfmemalloc = true;

It assumes page->mapping == NULL implies that page->pfmemalloc can be
trusted.  However, __delete_from_page_cache() can set set page->mapping
to NULL and leave page->index value alone.  Due to being in union, a
non-zero page->index will be interpreted as true page->pfmemalloc.

So the assumption is invalid if the networking code can see such a page.
And it seems it can.  We have encountered this with a NFS over loopback
setup when such a page is attached to a new skbuf.  There is no copying
going on in this case so the page confuses __skb_fill_page_desc which
interprets the index as pfmemalloc flag and the network stack drops
packets that have been allocated using the reserves unless they are to
be queued on sockets handling the swapping which is the case here and
that leads to hangs when the nfs client waits for a response from the
server which has been dropped and thus never arrive.

The struct page is already heavily packed so rather than finding another
hole to put it in, let's do a trick instead.  We can reuse the index
again but define it to an impossible value (-1UL).  This is the page
index so it should never see the value that large.  Replace all direct
users of page->pfmemalloc by page_is_pfmemalloc which will hide this
nastiness from unspoiled eyes.

The information will get lost if somebody wants to use page->index
obviously but that was the case before and the original code expected
that the information should be persisted somewhere else if that is
really needed (e.g.  what SLAB and SLUB do).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix blooper in slub]
Fixes: c48a11c7ad ("netvm: propagate page->pfmemalloc to skb")
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Debugged-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.com>
Debugged-by: Jiri Bohac <jbohac@suse.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.6+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-08-21 14:30:10 -07:00
Daniel Sanders
34cc6990d4 slab: correct size_index table before replacing the bootstrap kmem_cache_node
This patch moves the initialization of the size_index table slightly
earlier so that the first few kmem_cache_node's can be safely allocated
when KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE is large.

There are currently two ways to generate indices into kmalloc_caches (via
kmalloc_index() and via the size_index table in slab_common.c) and on some
arches (possibly only MIPS) they potentially disagree with each other
until create_kmalloc_caches() has been called.  It seems that the
intention is that the size_index table is a fast equivalent to
kmalloc_index() and that create_kmalloc_caches() patches the table to
return the correct value for the cases where kmalloc_index()'s
if-statements apply.

The failing sequence was:
* kmalloc_caches contains NULL elements
* kmem_cache_init initialises the element that 'struct
  kmem_cache_node' will be allocated to. For 32-bit Mips, this is a
  56-byte struct and kmalloc_index returns KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW (7).
* init_list is called which calls kmalloc_node to allocate a 'struct
  kmem_cache_node'.
* kmalloc_slab selects the kmem_caches element using
  size_index[size_index_elem(size)]. For MIPS, size is 56, and the
  expression returns 6.
* This element of kmalloc_caches is NULL and allocation fails.
* If it had not already failed, it would have called
  create_kmalloc_caches() at this point which would have changed
  size_index[size_index_elem(size)] to 7.

I don't believe the bug to be LLVM specific but GCC doesn't normally
encounter the problem.  I haven't been able to identify exactly what GCC
is doing better (probably inlining) but it seems that GCC is managing to
optimize to the point that it eliminates the problematic allocations.
This theory is supported by the fact that GCC can be made to fail in the
same way by changing inline, __inline, __inline__, and __always_inline in
include/linux/compiler-gcc.h such that they don't actually inline things.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Sanders <daniel.sanders@imgtec.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-06-24 17:49:41 -07:00
Jason Low
4db0c3c298 mm: remove rest of ACCESS_ONCE() usages
We converted some of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE to READ_ONCE in the mm/
tree since it doesn't work reliably on non-scalar types.

This patch removes the rest of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE, and use the new
READ_ONCE API for the read accesses.  This makes things cleaner, instead
of using separate/multiple sets of APIs.

Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-04-15 16:35:18 -07:00
Joe Perches
6f6528a163 slub: use bool function return values of true/false not 1/0
Use the normal return values for bool functions

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-04-14 16:48:59 -07:00
Chris J Arges
08303a73c6 mm/slub.c: parse slub_debug O option in switch statement
By moving the O option detection into the switch statement, we allow this
parameter to be combined with other options correctly.  Previously options
like slub_debug=OFZ would only detect the 'o' and use DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS
to fill in the rest of the flags.

Signed-off-by: Chris J Arges <chris.j.arges@canonical.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-04-14 16:48:59 -07:00
Mark Rutland
859b7a0e89 mm/slub: fix lockups on PREEMPT && !SMP kernels
Commit 9aabf810a6 ("mm/slub: optimize alloc/free fastpath by removing
preemption on/off") introduced an occasional hang for kernels built with
CONFIG_PREEMPT && !CONFIG_SMP.

The problem is the following loop the patch introduced to
slab_alloc_node and slab_free:

    do {
        tid = this_cpu_read(s->cpu_slab->tid);
        c = raw_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab);
    } while (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT) && unlikely(tid != c->tid));

GCC 4.9 has been observed to hoist the load of c and c->tid above the
loop for !SMP kernels (as in this case raw_cpu_ptr(x) is compile-time
constant and does not force a reload).  On arm64 the generated assembly
looks like:

         ldr     x4, [x0,#8]
  loop:
         ldr     x1, [x0,#8]
         cmp     x1, x4
         b.ne    loop

If the thread is preempted between the load of c->tid (into x1) and tid
(into x4), and an allocation or free occurs in another thread (bumping
the cpu_slab's tid), the thread will be stuck in the loop until
s->cpu_slab->tid wraps, which may be forever in the absence of
allocations/frees on the same CPU.

This patch changes the loop condition to access c->tid with READ_ONCE.
This ensures that the value is reloaded even when the compiler would
otherwise assume it could cache the value, and also ensures that the
load will not be torn.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-03-25 16:20:30 -07:00
Andrey Ryabinin
0316bec22e mm: slub: add kernel address sanitizer support for slub allocator
With this patch kasan will be able to catch bugs in memory allocated by
slub.  Initially all objects in newly allocated slab page, marked as
redzone.  Later, when allocation of slub object happens, requested by
caller number of bytes marked as accessible, and the rest of the object
(including slub's metadata) marked as redzone (inaccessible).

We also mark object as accessible if ksize was called for this object.
There is some places in kernel where ksize function is called to inquire
size of really allocated area.  Such callers could validly access whole
allocated memory, so it should be marked as accessible.

Code in slub.c and slab_common.c files could validly access to object's
metadata, so instrumentation for this files are disabled.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-13 21:21:41 -08:00
Andrey Ryabinin
a79316c617 mm: slub: introduce metadata_access_enable()/metadata_access_disable()
It's ok for slub to access memory that marked by kasan as inaccessible
(object's metadata).  Kasan shouldn't print report in that case because
these accesses are valid.  Disabling instrumentation of slub.c code is not
enough to achieve this because slub passes pointer to object's metadata
into external functions like memchr_inv().

We don't want to disable instrumentation for memchr_inv() because this is
quite generic function, and we don't want to miss bugs.

metadata_access_enable/metadata_access_disable used to tell KASan where
accesses to metadata starts/end, so we could temporarily disable KASan
reports.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-13 21:21:41 -08:00
Andrey Ryabinin
75c66def8d mm: slub: share object_err function
Remove static and add function declarations to linux/slub_def.h so it
could be used by kernel address sanitizer.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-13 21:21:41 -08:00
Tejun Heo
5024c1d71b slub: use %*pb[l] to print bitmaps including cpumasks and nodemasks
printk and friends can now format bitmaps using '%*pb[l]'.  cpumask
and nodemask also provide cpumask_pr_args() and nodemask_pr_args()
respectively which can be used to generate the two printf arguments
necessary to format the specified cpu/nodemask.

* This is an equivalent conversion but the whole function should be
  converted to use scnprinf famiily of functions rather than
  performing custom output length predictions in multiple places.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-13 21:21:38 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
d6e0b7fa11 slub: make dead caches discard free slabs immediately
To speed up further allocations SLUB may store empty slabs in per cpu/node
partial lists instead of freeing them immediately.  This prevents per
memcg caches destruction, because kmem caches created for a memory cgroup
are only destroyed after the last page charged to the cgroup is freed.

To fix this issue, this patch resurrects approach first proposed in [1].
It forbids SLUB to cache empty slabs after the memory cgroup that the
cache belongs to was destroyed.  It is achieved by setting kmem_cache's
cpu_partial and min_partial constants to 0 and tuning put_cpu_partial() so
that it would drop frozen empty slabs immediately if cpu_partial = 0.

The runtime overhead is minimal.  From all the hot functions, we only
touch relatively cold put_cpu_partial(): we make it call
unfreeze_partials() after freezing a slab that belongs to an offline
memory cgroup.  Since slab freezing exists to avoid moving slabs from/to a
partial list on free/alloc, and there can't be allocations from dead
caches, it shouldn't cause any overhead.  We do have to disable preemption
for put_cpu_partial() to achieve that though.

The original patch was accepted well and even merged to the mm tree.
However, I decided to withdraw it due to changes happening to the memcg
core at that time.  I had an idea of introducing per-memcg shrinkers for
kmem caches, but now, as memcg has finally settled down, I do not see it
as an option, because SLUB shrinker would be too costly to call since SLUB
does not keep free slabs on a separate list.  Besides, we currently do not
even call per-memcg shrinkers for offline memcgs.  Overall, it would
introduce much more complexity to both SLUB and memcg than this small
patch.

Regarding to SLAB, there's no problem with it, because it shrinks
per-cpu/node caches periodically.  Thanks to list_lru reparenting, we no
longer keep entries for offline cgroups in per-memcg arrays (such as
memcg_cache_params->memcg_caches), so we do not have to bother if a
per-memcg cache will be shrunk a bit later than it could be.

[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mm/118649/focus=118650

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-12 18:54:10 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
ce3712d74d slub: fix kmem_cache_shrink return value
It is supposed to return 0 if the cache has no remaining objects and 1
otherwise, while currently it always returns 0.  Fix it.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-12 18:54:10 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
832f37f5d5 slub: never fail to shrink cache
SLUB's version of __kmem_cache_shrink() not only removes empty slabs, but
also tries to rearrange the partial lists to place slabs filled up most to
the head to cope with fragmentation.  To achieve that, it allocates a
temporary array of lists used to sort slabs by the number of objects in
use.  If the allocation fails, the whole procedure is aborted.

This is unacceptable for the kernel memory accounting extension of the
memory cgroup, where we want to make sure that kmem_cache_shrink()
successfully discarded empty slabs.  Although the allocation failure is
utterly unlikely with the current page allocator implementation, which
retries GFP_KERNEL allocations of order <= 2 infinitely, it is better not
to rely on that.

This patch therefore makes __kmem_cache_shrink() allocate the array on
stack instead of calling kmalloc, which may fail.  The array size is
chosen to be equal to 32, because most SLUB caches store not more than 32
objects per slab page.  Slab pages with <= 32 free objects are sorted
using the array by the number of objects in use and promoted to the head
of the partial list, while slab pages with > 32 free objects are left in
the end of the list without any ordering imposed on them.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-12 18:54:10 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
426589f571 slab: link memcg caches of the same kind into a list
Sometimes, we need to iterate over all memcg copies of a particular root
kmem cache.  Currently, we use memcg_cache_params->memcg_caches array for
that, because it contains all existing memcg caches.

However, it's a bad practice to keep all caches, including those that
belong to offline cgroups, in this array, because it will be growing
beyond any bounds then.  I'm going to wipe away dead caches from it to
save space.  To still be able to perform iterations over all memcg caches
of the same kind, let us link them into a list.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-12 18:54:09 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
f7ce3190c4 slab: embed memcg_cache_params to kmem_cache
Currently, kmem_cache stores a pointer to struct memcg_cache_params
instead of embedding it.  The rationale is to save memory when kmem
accounting is disabled.  However, the memcg_cache_params has shrivelled
drastically since it was first introduced:

* Initially:

struct memcg_cache_params {
	bool is_root_cache;
	union {
		struct kmem_cache *memcg_caches[0];
		struct {
			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
			struct list_head list;
			struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
			bool dead;
			atomic_t nr_pages;
			struct work_struct destroy;
		};
	};
};

* Now:

struct memcg_cache_params {
	bool is_root_cache;
	union {
		struct {
			struct rcu_head rcu_head;
			struct kmem_cache *memcg_caches[0];
		};
		struct {
			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
			struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
		};
	};
};

So the memory saving does not seem to be a clear win anymore.

OTOH, keeping a pointer to memcg_cache_params struct instead of embedding
it results in touching one more cache line on kmem alloc/free hot paths.
Besides, it makes linking kmem caches in a list chained by a field of
struct memcg_cache_params really painful due to a level of indirection,
while I want to make them linked in the following patch.  That said, let
us embed it.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-12 18:54:09 -08:00
Kim Phillips
94e4d712eb mm/slub.c: fix typo in comment
Signed-off-by: Kim Phillips <kim.phillips@freescale.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-10 14:30:30 -08:00
Joonsoo Kim
9aabf810a6 mm/slub: optimize alloc/free fastpath by removing preemption on/off
We had to insert a preempt enable/disable in the fastpath a while ago in
order to guarantee that tid and kmem_cache_cpu are retrieved on the same
cpu.  It is the problem only for CONFIG_PREEMPT in which scheduler can
move the process to other cpu during retrieving data.

Now, I reach the solution to remove preempt enable/disable in the
fastpath.  If tid is matched with kmem_cache_cpu's tid after tid and
kmem_cache_cpu are retrieved by separate this_cpu operation, it means
that they are retrieved on the same cpu.  If not matched, we just have
to retry it.

With this guarantee, preemption enable/disable isn't need at all even if
CONFIG_PREEMPT, so this patch removes it.

I saw roughly 5% win in a fast-path loop over kmem_cache_alloc/free in
CONFIG_PREEMPT.  (14.821 ns -> 14.049 ns)

Below is the result of Christoph's slab_test reported by Jesper Dangaard
Brouer.

* Before

 Single thread testing
 =====================
 1. Kmalloc: Repeatedly allocate then free test
 10000 times kmalloc(8) -> 49 cycles kfree -> 62 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16) -> 48 cycles kfree -> 64 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(32) -> 53 cycles kfree -> 70 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(64) -> 64 cycles kfree -> 77 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(128) -> 74 cycles kfree -> 84 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(256) -> 84 cycles kfree -> 114 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(512) -> 83 cycles kfree -> 116 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(1024) -> 81 cycles kfree -> 120 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(2048) -> 104 cycles kfree -> 136 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(4096) -> 142 cycles kfree -> 165 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(8192) -> 238 cycles kfree -> 226 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16384) -> 403 cycles kfree -> 264 cycles
 2. Kmalloc: alloc/free test
 10000 times kmalloc(8)/kfree -> 68 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16)/kfree -> 68 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(32)/kfree -> 69 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(64)/kfree -> 68 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(128)/kfree -> 68 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(256)/kfree -> 68 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(512)/kfree -> 74 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(1024)/kfree -> 75 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(2048)/kfree -> 74 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(4096)/kfree -> 74 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(8192)/kfree -> 75 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16384)/kfree -> 510 cycles

* After

 Single thread testing
 =====================
 1. Kmalloc: Repeatedly allocate then free test
 10000 times kmalloc(8) -> 46 cycles kfree -> 61 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16) -> 46 cycles kfree -> 63 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(32) -> 49 cycles kfree -> 69 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(64) -> 57 cycles kfree -> 76 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(128) -> 66 cycles kfree -> 83 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(256) -> 84 cycles kfree -> 110 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(512) -> 77 cycles kfree -> 114 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(1024) -> 80 cycles kfree -> 116 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(2048) -> 102 cycles kfree -> 131 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(4096) -> 135 cycles kfree -> 163 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(8192) -> 238 cycles kfree -> 218 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16384) -> 399 cycles kfree -> 262 cycles
 2. Kmalloc: alloc/free test
 10000 times kmalloc(8)/kfree -> 65 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16)/kfree -> 66 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(32)/kfree -> 65 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(64)/kfree -> 66 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(128)/kfree -> 66 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(256)/kfree -> 71 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(512)/kfree -> 72 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(1024)/kfree -> 71 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(2048)/kfree -> 71 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(4096)/kfree -> 71 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(8192)/kfree -> 65 cycles
 10000 times kmalloc(16384)/kfree -> 511 cycles

Most of the results are better than before.

Note that this change slightly worses performance in !CONFIG_PREEMPT,
roughly 0.3%.  Implementing each case separately would help performance,
but, since it's so marginal, I didn't do that.  This would help
maintanance since we have same code for all cases.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-10 14:30:30 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
dee2f8aaab slub: fix cpuset check in get_any_partial
If we fail to allocate from the current node's stock, we look for free
objects on other nodes before calling the page allocator (see
get_any_partial).  While checking other nodes we respect cpuset
constraints by calling cpuset_zone_allowed.  We enforce hardwall check.
As a result, we will fallback to the page allocator even if there are some
pages cached on other nodes, but the current cpuset doesn't have them set.
 However, the page allocator uses softwall check for kernel allocations,
so it may allocate from one of the other nodes in this case.

Therefore we should use softwall cpuset check in get_any_partial to
conform with the cpuset check in the page allocator.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:53 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
8135be5a80 memcg: fix possible use-after-free in memcg_kmem_get_cache()
Suppose task @t that belongs to a memory cgroup @memcg is going to
allocate an object from a kmem cache @c.  The copy of @c corresponding to
@memcg, @mc, is empty.  Then if kmem_cache_alloc races with the memory
cgroup destruction we can access the memory cgroup's copy of the cache
after it was destroyed:

CPU0				CPU1
----				----
[ current=@t
  @mc->memcg_params->nr_pages=0 ]

kmem_cache_alloc(@c):
  call memcg_kmem_get_cache(@c);
  proceed to allocation from @mc:
    alloc a page for @mc:
      ...

				move @t from @memcg
				destroy @memcg:
				  mem_cgroup_css_offline(@memcg):
				    memcg_unregister_all_caches(@memcg):
				      kmem_cache_destroy(@mc)

    add page to @mc

We could fix this issue by taking a reference to a per-memcg cache, but
that would require adding a per-cpu reference counter to per-memcg caches,
which would look cumbersome.

Instead, let's take a reference to a memory cgroup, which already has a
per-cpu reference counter, in the beginning of kmem_cache_alloc to be
dropped in the end, and move per memcg caches destruction from css offline
to css free.  As a side effect, per-memcg caches will be destroyed not one
by one, but all at once when the last page accounted to the memory cgroup
is freed.  This doesn't sound as a high price for code readability though.

Note, this patch does add some overhead to the kmem_cache_alloc hot path,
but it is pretty negligible - it's just a function call plus a per cpu
counter decrement, which is comparable to what we already have in
memcg_kmem_get_cache.  Besides, it's only relevant if there are memory
cgroups with kmem accounting enabled.  I don't think we can find a way to
handle this race w/o it, because alloc_page called from kmem_cache_alloc
may sleep so we can't flush all pending kmallocs w/o reference counting.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
2756d373a3 Merge branch 'for-3.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup update from Tejun Heo:
 "cpuset got simplified a bit.  cgroup core got a fix on unified
  hierarchy and grew some effective css related interfaces which will be
  used for blkio support for writeback IO traffic which is currently
  being worked on"

* 'for-3.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup:
  cgroup: implement cgroup_get_e_css()
  cgroup: add cgroup_subsys->css_e_css_changed()
  cgroup: add cgroup_subsys->css_released()
  cgroup: fix the async css offline wait logic in cgroup_subtree_control_write()
  cgroup: restructure child_subsys_mask handling in cgroup_subtree_control_write()
  cgroup: separate out cgroup_calc_child_subsys_mask() from cgroup_refresh_child_subsys_mask()
  cpuset: lock vs unlock typo
  cpuset: simplify cpuset_node_allowed API
  cpuset: convert callback_mutex to a spinlock
2014-12-11 18:57:19 -08:00
Andrew Morton
c871ac4e96 slab: improve checking for invalid gfp_flags
The code goes BUG, but doesn't tell us which bits were unexpectedly set.
Print that out.

Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-10 17:41:04 -08:00
Andrey Ryabinin
f6edde9cbe mm: slub: fix format mismatches in slab_err() callers
Adding __printf(3, 4) to slab_err exposed following:

  mm/slub.c: In function `check_slab':
  mm/slub.c:852:4: warning: format `%u' expects argument of type `unsigned int', but argument 4 has type `const char *' [-Wformat=]
      s->name, page->objects, maxobj);
      ^
  mm/slub.c:852:4: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
  mm/slub.c:857:4: warning: format `%u' expects argument of type `unsigned int', but argument 4 has type `const char *' [-Wformat=]
      s->name, page->inuse, page->objects);
      ^
  mm/slub.c:857:4: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]

  mm/slub.c: In function `on_freelist':
  mm/slub.c:905:4: warning: format `%d' expects argument of type `int', but argument 5 has type `long unsigned int' [-Wformat=]
      "should be %d", page->objects, max_objects);

Fix first two warnings by removing redundant s->name.
Fix the last by changing type of max_object from unsigned long to int.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-10 17:41:04 -08:00
LQYMGT
b455def28d mm: slab/slub: coding style: whitespaces and tabs mixture
Some code in mm/slab.c and mm/slub.c use whitespaces in indent.
Clean them up.

Signed-off-by: LQYMGT <lqymgt@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-10 17:41:04 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov
344736f29b cpuset: simplify cpuset_node_allowed API
Current cpuset API for checking if a zone/node is allowed to allocate
from looks rather awkward. We have hardwall and softwall versions of
cpuset_node_allowed with the softwall version doing literally the same
as the hardwall version if __GFP_HARDWALL is passed to it in gfp flags.
If it isn't, the softwall version may check the given node against the
enclosing hardwall cpuset, which it needs to take the callback lock to
do.

Such a distinction was introduced by commit 02a0e53d82 ("cpuset:
rework cpuset_zone_allowed api"). Before, we had the only version with
the __GFP_HARDWALL flag determining its behavior. The purpose of the
commit was to avoid sleep-in-atomic bugs when someone would mistakenly
call the function without the __GFP_HARDWALL flag for an atomic
allocation. The suffixes introduced were intended to make the callers
think before using the function.

However, since the callback lock was converted from mutex to spinlock by
the previous patch, the softwall check function cannot sleep, and these
precautions are no longer necessary.

So let's simplify the API back to the single check.

Suggested-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2014-10-27 11:15:27 -04:00
Joonsoo Kim
423c929cbb mm/slab_common: commonize slab merge logic
Slab merge is good feature to reduce fragmentation.  Now, it is only
applied to SLUB, but, it would be good to apply it to SLAB.  This patch is
preparation step to apply slab merge to SLAB by commonizing slab merge
logic.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-09 22:25:51 -04:00
Joonsoo Kim
a561ce00b0 slub: fall back to node_to_mem_node() node if allocating on memoryless node
Update the SLUB code to search for partial slabs on the nearest node with
memory in the presence of memoryless nodes.  Additionally, do not consider
it to be an ALLOC_NODE_MISMATCH (and deactivate the slab) when a
memoryless-node specified allocation goes off-node.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Han Pingtian <hanpt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-09 22:25:51 -04:00
Christoph Lameter
c9e16131d6 slub: disable tracing and failslab for merged slabs
Tracing of mergeable slabs as well as uses of failslab are confusing since
the objects of multiple slab caches will be affected.  Moreover this
creates a situation where a mergeable slab will become unmergeable.

If tracing or failslab testing is desired then it may be best to switch
merging off for starters.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-09 22:25:51 -04:00
Vladimir Davydov
aee52cae00 slub: remove kmemcg id from create_unique_id
This function is never called for memcg caches, because they are
unmergeable, so remove the dead code.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:21 -07:00
Gu Zheng
4307c14f3c slab: fix the alias count (via sysfs) of slab cache
We mark some slab caches (e.g.  kmem_cache_node) as unmergeable by
setting refcount to -1, and their alias should be 0, not refcount-1, so
correct it here.

Signed-off-by: Gu Zheng <guz.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:15 -07:00
Dan Carpenter
0aa9a13d80 mm, slub: fix some indenting in cmpxchg_double_slab()
The return statement goes with the cmpxchg_double() condition so it needs
to be indented another tab.

Also these days the fashion is to line function parameters up, and it
looks nicer that way because then the "freelist_new" is not at the same
indent level as the "return 1;".

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:15 -07:00
Wei Yang
5426664070 slub: avoid duplicate creation on the first object
When a kmem_cache is created with ctor, each object in the kmem_cache
will be initialized before ready to use.  While in slub implementation,
the first object will be initialized twice.

This patch reduces the duplication of initialization of the first
object.

Fix commit 7656c72b ("SLUB: add macros for scanning objects in a slab").

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:15 -07:00
Andrey Ryabinin
02e72cc617 mm: slub: SLUB_DEBUG=n: use the same alloc/free hooks as for SLUB_DEBUG=y
There are two versions of alloc/free hooks now - one for
CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG=y and another one for CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG=n.

I see no reason why calls to other debugging subsystems (LOCKDEP,
DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP, KMEMCHECK and FAILSLAB) are hidden under SLUB_DEBUG.
All this features should work regardless of SLUB_DEBUG config, as all of
them already have own Kconfig options.

This also fixes failslab for CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG=n configuration.  It
simply has not worked before because should_failslab() call was in a
hook hidden under "#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG #else".

Note: There is one concealed change in allocation path for SLUB_DEBUG=n
and all other debugging features disabled.  The might_sleep_if() call
can generate some code even if DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP=n.  For
PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY=y might_sleep() inserts _cond_resched() call, but I
think it should be ok.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:14 -07:00
David Rientjes
c07b8183cb mm, slub: mark resiliency_test as init text
resiliency_test() is only called for bootstrap, so it may be moved to
init.text and freed after boot.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:14 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
fa45dc254b slub: use new node functions
Make use of the new node functions in mm/slab.h to reduce code size and
simplify.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:13 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
44c5356fb4 slab common: add functions for kmem_cache_node access
The patchset provides two new functions in mm/slab.h and modifies SLAB
and SLUB to use these.  The kmem_cache_node structure is shared between
both allocators and the use of common accessors will allow us to move
more code into slab_common.c in the future.

This patch (of 3):

These functions allow to eliminate repeatedly used code in both SLAB and
SLUB and also allow for the insertion of debugging code that may be
needed in the development process.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-06 18:01:13 -07:00
Joonsoo Kim
8a5b20aeba slub: fix off by one in number of slab tests
min_partial means minimum number of slab cached in node partial list.
So, if nr_partial is less than it, we keep newly empty slab on node
partial list rather than freeing it.  But if nr_partial is equal or
greater than it, it means that we have enough partial slabs so should
free newly empty slab.  Current implementation missed the equal case so
if we set min_partial is 0, then, at least one slab could be cached.
This is critical problem to kmemcg destroying logic because it doesn't
works properly if some slabs is cached.  This patch fixes this problem.

Fixes 91cb69620284 ("slub: make dead memcg caches discard free slabs
immediately").

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-07-03 09:21:53 -07:00
Joonsoo Kim
844e4d66f4 slub: search partial list on numa_mem_id(), instead of numa_node_id()
Currently, if allocation constraint to node is NUMA_NO_NODE, we search a
partial slab on numa_node_id() node.  This doesn't work properly on a
system having memoryless nodes, since it can have no memory on that node
so there must be no partial slab on that node.

On that node, page allocation always falls back to numa_mem_id() first.
So searching a partial slab on numa_node_id() in that case is the proper
solution for the memoryless node case.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Han Pingtian <hanpt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-06 16:08:06 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
7c8e0181e6 mm: replace __get_cpu_var uses with this_cpu_ptr
Replace places where __get_cpu_var() is used for an address calculation
with this_cpu_ptr().

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:54:03 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
c67a8a685a memcg, slab: merge memcg_{bind,release}_pages to memcg_{un}charge_slab
Currently we have two pairs of kmemcg-related functions that are called on
slab alloc/free.  The first is memcg_{bind,release}_pages that count the
total number of pages allocated on a kmem cache.  The second is
memcg_{un}charge_slab that {un}charge slab pages to kmemcg resource
counter.  Let's just merge them to keep the code clean.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:54:01 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
03afc0e25f slab: get_online_mems for kmem_cache_{create,destroy,shrink}
When we create a sl[au]b cache, we allocate kmem_cache_node structures
for each online NUMA node.  To handle nodes taken online/offline, we
register memory hotplug notifier and allocate/free kmem_cache_node
corresponding to the node that changes its state for each kmem cache.

To synchronize between the two paths we hold the slab_mutex during both
the cache creationg/destruction path and while tuning per-node parts of
kmem caches in memory hotplug handler, but that's not quite right,
because it does not guarantee that a newly created cache will have all
kmem_cache_nodes initialized in case it races with memory hotplug.  For
instance, in case of slub:

    CPU0                            CPU1
    ----                            ----
    kmem_cache_create:              online_pages:
     __kmem_cache_create:            slab_memory_callback:
                                      slab_mem_going_online_callback:
                                       lock slab_mutex
                                       for each slab_caches list entry
                                           allocate kmem_cache node
                                       unlock slab_mutex
      lock slab_mutex
      init_kmem_cache_nodes:
       for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY)
           allocate kmem_cache node
      add kmem_cache to slab_caches list
      unlock slab_mutex
                                    online_pages (continued):
                                     node_states_set_node

As a result we'll get a kmem cache with not all kmem_cache_nodes
allocated.

To avoid issues like that we should hold get/put_online_mems() during
the whole kmem cache creation/destruction/shrink paths, just like we
deal with cpu hotplug.  This patch does the trick.

Note, that after it's applied, there is no need in taking the slab_mutex
for kmem_cache_shrink any more, so it is removed from there.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <liuj97@gmail.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:59 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
bfc8c90139 mem-hotplug: implement get/put_online_mems
kmem_cache_{create,destroy,shrink} need to get a stable value of
cpu/node online mask, because they init/destroy/access per-cpu/node
kmem_cache parts, which can be allocated or destroyed on cpu/mem
hotplug.  To protect against cpu hotplug, these functions use
{get,put}_online_cpus.  However, they do nothing to synchronize with
memory hotplug - taking the slab_mutex does not eliminate the
possibility of race as described in patch 2.

What we need there is something like get_online_cpus, but for memory.
We already have lock_memory_hotplug, which serves for the purpose, but
it's a bit of a hammer right now, because it's backed by a mutex.  As a
result, it imposes some limitations to locking order, which are not
desirable, and can't be used just like get_online_cpus.  That's why in
patch 1 I substitute it with get/put_online_mems, which work exactly
like get/put_online_cpus except they block not cpu, but memory hotplug.

[ v1 can be found at https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/6/68.  I NAK'ed it by
  myself, because it used an rw semaphore for get/put_online_mems,
  making them dead lock prune.  ]

This patch (of 2):

{un}lock_memory_hotplug, which is used to synchronize against memory
hotplug, is currently backed by a mutex, which makes it a bit of a
hammer - threads that only want to get a stable value of online nodes
mask won't be able to proceed concurrently.  Also, it imposes some
strong locking ordering rules on it, which narrows down the set of its
usage scenarios.

This patch introduces get/put_online_mems, which are the same as
get/put_online_cpus, but for memory hotplug, i.e.  executing a code
inside a get/put_online_mems section will guarantee a stable value of
online nodes, present pages, etc.

lock_memory_hotplug()/unlock_memory_hotplug() are removed altogether.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <liuj97@gmail.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:59 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
52383431b3 mm: get rid of __GFP_KMEMCG
Currently to allocate a page that should be charged to kmemcg (e.g.
threadinfo), we pass __GFP_KMEMCG flag to the page allocator.  The page
allocated is then to be freed by free_memcg_kmem_pages.  Apart from
looking asymmetrical, this also requires intrusion to the general
allocation path.  So let's introduce separate functions that will
alloc/free pages charged to kmemcg.

The new functions are called alloc_kmem_pages and free_kmem_pages.  They
should be used when the caller actually would like to use kmalloc, but
has to fall back to the page allocator for the allocation is large.
They only differ from alloc_pages and free_pages in that besides
allocating or freeing pages they also charge them to the kmem resource
counter of the current memory cgroup.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: export kmalloc_order() to modules]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:56 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
5dfb417509 sl[au]b: charge slabs to kmemcg explicitly
We have only a few places where we actually want to charge kmem so
instead of intruding into the general page allocation path with
__GFP_KMEMCG it's better to explictly charge kmem there.  All kmem
charges will be easier to follow that way.

This is a step towards removing __GFP_KMEMCG.  It removes __GFP_KMEMCG
from memcg caches' allocflags.  Instead it makes slab allocation path
call memcg_charge_kmem directly getting memcg to charge from the cache's
memcg params.

This also eliminates any possibility of misaccounting an allocation
going from one memcg's cache to another memcg, because now we always
charge slabs against the memcg the cache belongs to.  That's why this
patch removes the big comment to memcg_kmem_get_cache.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:56 -07:00
Dave Hansen
8eae149267 mm: slub: fix ALLOC_SLOWPATH stat
There used to be only one path out of __slab_alloc(), and ALLOC_SLOWPATH
got bumped in that exit path.  Now there are two, and a bunch of gotos.
ALLOC_SLOWPATH can now get set more than once during a single call to
__slab_alloc() which is pretty bogus.  Here's the sequence:

1. Enter __slab_alloc(), fall through all the way to the
   stat(s, ALLOC_SLOWPATH);
2. hit 'if (!freelist)', and bump DEACTIVATE_BYPASS, jump to
   new_slab (goto #1)
3. Hit 'if (c->partial)', bump CPU_PARTIAL_ALLOC, goto redo
   (goto #2)
4. Fall through in the same path we did before all the way to
   stat(s, ALLOC_SLOWPATH)
5. bump ALLOC_REFILL stat, then return

Doing this is obviously bogus.  It keeps us from being able to
accurately compare ALLOC_SLOWPATH vs.  ALLOC_FASTPATH.  It also means
that the total number of allocs always exceeds the total number of
frees.

This patch moves stat(s, ALLOC_SLOWPATH) to be called from the same
place that __slab_alloc() is.  This makes it much less likely that
ALLOC_SLOWPATH will get botched again in the spaghetti-code inside
__slab_alloc().

Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:56 -07:00
David Rientjes
9a02d69993 mm, slab: suppress out of memory warning unless debug is enabled
When the slab or slub allocators cannot allocate additional slab pages,
they emit diagnostic information to the kernel log such as current
number of slabs, number of objects, active objects, etc.  This is always
coupled with a page allocation failure warning since it is controlled by
!__GFP_NOWARN.

Suppress this out of memory warning if the allocator is configured
without debug supported.  The page allocation failure warning will
indicate it is a failed slab allocation, the order, and the gfp mask, so
this is only useful to diagnose allocator issues.

Since CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG is already enabled by default for the slub
allocator, there is no functional change with this patch.  If debug is
disabled, however, the warnings are now suppressed.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:56 -07:00
Fabian Frederick
ecc42fbe95 mm/slub.c: convert vnsprintf-static to va_format
Inspired by Joe Perches suggestion in ntfs logging clean-up.

Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:55 -07:00
Fabian Frederick
f9f5828594 mm/slub.c: convert printk to pr_foo()
All printk(KERN_foo converted to pr_foo()

Default printk converted to pr_warn()

Coalesce format fragments

Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-04 16:53:55 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
41a212859a slub: use sysfs'es release mechanism for kmem_cache
debugobjects warning during netfilter exit:

    ------------[ cut here ]------------
    WARNING: CPU: 6 PID: 4178 at lib/debugobjects.c:260 debug_print_object+0x8d/0xb0()
    ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object type: timer_list hint: delayed_work_timer_fn+0x0/0x20
    Modules linked in:
    CPU: 6 PID: 4178 Comm: kworker/u16:2 Tainted: G        W 3.11.0-next-20130906-sasha #3984
    Workqueue: netns cleanup_net
    Call Trace:
      dump_stack+0x52/0x87
      warn_slowpath_common+0x8c/0xc0
      warn_slowpath_fmt+0x46/0x50
      debug_print_object+0x8d/0xb0
      __debug_check_no_obj_freed+0xa5/0x220
      debug_check_no_obj_freed+0x15/0x20
      kmem_cache_free+0x197/0x340
      kmem_cache_destroy+0x86/0xe0
      nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list+0x131/0x170
      nf_conntrack_pernet_exit+0x5d/0x70
      ops_exit_list+0x5e/0x70
      cleanup_net+0xfb/0x1c0
      process_one_work+0x338/0x550
      worker_thread+0x215/0x350
      kthread+0xe7/0xf0
      ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0

Also during dcookie cleanup:

    WARNING: CPU: 12 PID: 9725 at lib/debugobjects.c:260 debug_print_object+0x8c/0xb0()
    ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object type: timer_list hint: delayed_work_timer_fn+0x0/0x20
    Modules linked in:
    CPU: 12 PID: 9725 Comm: trinity-c141 Not tainted 3.15.0-rc2-next-20140423-sasha-00018-gc4ff6c4 #408
    Call Trace:
      dump_stack (lib/dump_stack.c:52)
      warn_slowpath_common (kernel/panic.c:430)
      warn_slowpath_fmt (kernel/panic.c:445)
      debug_print_object (lib/debugobjects.c:262)
      __debug_check_no_obj_freed (lib/debugobjects.c:697)
      debug_check_no_obj_freed (lib/debugobjects.c:726)
      kmem_cache_free (mm/slub.c:2689 mm/slub.c:2717)
      kmem_cache_destroy (mm/slab_common.c:363)
      dcookie_unregister (fs/dcookies.c:302 fs/dcookies.c:343)
      event_buffer_release (arch/x86/oprofile/../../../drivers/oprofile/event_buffer.c:153)
      __fput (fs/file_table.c:217)
      ____fput (fs/file_table.c:253)
      task_work_run (kernel/task_work.c:125 (discriminator 1))
      do_notify_resume (include/linux/tracehook.h:196 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:751)
      int_signal (arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S:807)

Sysfs has a release mechanism.  Use that to release the kmem_cache
structure if CONFIG_SYSFS is enabled.

Only slub is changed - slab currently only supports /proc/slabinfo and
not /sys/kernel/slab/*.  We talked about adding that and someone was
working on it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_SYSFS=n build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_SYSFS=n build even more]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-05-06 13:04:59 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
93030d83b9 slub: fix memcg_propagate_slab_attrs
After creating a cache for a memcg we should initialize its sysfs attrs
with the values from its parent.  That's what memcg_propagate_slab_attrs
is for.  Currently it's broken - we clearly muddled root-vs-memcg caches
there.  Let's fix it up.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-05-06 13:04:58 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
bf3a340738 Merge branch 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
Pull slab changes from Pekka Enberg:
 "The biggest change is byte-sized freelist indices which reduces slab
  freelist memory usage:

    https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/12/2/64"

* 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux:
  mm: slab/slub: use page->list consistently instead of page->lru
  mm/slab.c: cleanup outdated comments and unify variables naming
  slab: fix wrongly used macro
  slub: fix high order page allocation problem with __GFP_NOFAIL
  slab: Make allocations with GFP_ZERO slightly more efficient
  slab: make more slab management structure off the slab
  slab: introduce byte sized index for the freelist of a slab
  slab: restrict the number of objects in a slab
  slab: introduce helper functions to get/set free object
  slab: factor out calculate nr objects in cache_estimate
2014-04-13 13:28:13 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
88da03a676 slub: use raw_cpu_inc for incrementing statistics
Statistics are not critical to the operation of the allocation but
should also not cause too much overhead.

When __this_cpu_inc is altered to check if preemption is disabled this
triggers.  Use raw_cpu_inc to avoid the checks.  Using this_cpu_ops may
cause interrupt disable/enable sequences on various arches which may
significantly impact allocator performance.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:36:14 -07:00
Dave Jones
54b6a73102 slub: fix leak of 'name' in sysfs_slab_add
The failure paths of sysfs_slab_add don't release the allocation of
'name' made by create_unique_id() a few lines above the context of the
diff below.  Create a common exit path to make it more obvious what
needs freeing.

[vdavydov@parallels.com: free the name only if !unmergeable]
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@fedoraproject.org>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:36:13 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
9a41707bd3 slub: rework sysfs layout for memcg caches
Currently, we try to arrange sysfs entries for memcg caches in the same
manner as for global caches.  Apart from turning /sys/kernel/slab into a
mess when there are a lot of kmem-active memcgs created, it actually
does not work properly - we won't create more than one link to a memcg
cache in case its parent is merged with another cache.  For instance, if
A is a root cache merged with another root cache B, we will have the
following sysfs setup:

  X
  A -> X
  B -> X

where X is some unique id (see create_unique_id()).  Now if memcgs M and
N start to allocate from cache A (or B, which is the same), we will get:

  X
  X:M
  X:N
  A -> X
  B -> X
  A:M -> X:M
  A:N -> X:N

Since B is an alias for A, we won't get entries B:M and B:N, which is
confusing.

It is more logical to have entries for memcg caches under the
corresponding root cache's sysfs directory.  This would allow us to keep
sysfs layout clean, and avoid such inconsistencies like one described
above.

This patch does the trick.  It creates a "cgroup" kset in each root
cache kobject to keep its children caches there.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:36:13 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
84d0ddd6b0 slub: adjust memcg caches when creating cache alias
Otherwise, kzalloc() called from a memcg won't clear the whole object.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:36:13 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
a44cb94491 memcg, slab: never try to merge memcg caches
When a kmem cache is created (kmem_cache_create_memcg()), we first try to
find a compatible cache that already exists and can handle requests from
the new cache, i.e.  has the same object size, alignment, ctor, etc.  If
there is such a cache, we do not create any new caches, instead we simply
increment the refcount of the cache found and return it.

Currently we do this procedure not only when creating root caches, but
also for memcg caches.  However, there is no point in that, because, as
every memcg cache has exactly the same parameters as its parent and cache
merging cannot be turned off in runtime (only on boot by passing
"slub_nomerge"), the root caches of any two potentially mergeable memcg
caches should be merged already, i.e.  it must be the same root cache, and
therefore we couldn't even get to the memcg cache creation, because it
already exists.

The only exception is boot caches - they are explicitly forbidden to be
merged by setting their refcount to -1.  There are currently only two of
them - kmem_cache and kmem_cache_node, which are used in slab internals (I
do not count kmalloc caches as their refcount is set to 1 immediately
after creation).  Since they are prevented from merging preliminary I
guess we should avoid to merge their children too.

So let's remove the useless code responsible for merging memcg caches.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:36:12 -07:00
David Rientjes
2a389610a7 mm, mempolicy: rename slab_node for clarity
slab_node() is actually a mempolicy function, so rename it to
mempolicy_slab_node() to make it clearer that it used for processes with
mempolicies.

At the same time, cleanup its code by saving numa_mem_id() in a local
variable (since we require a node with memory, not just any node) and
remove an obsolete comment that assumes the mempolicy is actually passed
into the function.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Tim Hockin <thockin@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-07 16:35:54 -07:00
Vladimir Davydov
421af243b1 slub: do not drop slab_mutex for sysfs_slab_add
We release the slab_mutex while calling sysfs_slab_add from
__kmem_cache_create since commit 66c4c35c6b ("slub: Do not hold
slub_lock when calling sysfs_slab_add()"), because kobject_uevent called
by sysfs_slab_add might block waiting for the usermode helper to exec,
which would result in a deadlock if we took the slab_mutex while
executing it.

However, apart from complicating synchronization rules, releasing the
slab_mutex on kmem cache creation can result in a kmemcg-related race.
The point is that we check if the memcg cache exists before going to
__kmem_cache_create, but register the new cache in memcg subsys after
it.  Since we can drop the mutex there, several threads can see that the
memcg cache does not exist and proceed to creating it, which is wrong.

Fortunately, recently kobject_uevent was patched to call the usermode
helper with the UMH_NO_WAIT flag, making the deadlock impossible.
Therefore there is no point in releasing the slab_mutex while calling
sysfs_slab_add, so let's simplify kmem_cache_create synchronization and
fix the kmemcg-race mentioned above by holding the slab_mutex during the
whole cache creation path.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-03 16:21:05 -07:00
Mel Gorman
d26914d117 mm: optimize put_mems_allowed() usage
Since put_mems_allowed() is strictly optional, its a seqcount retry, we
don't need to evaluate the function if the allocation was in fact
successful, saving a smp_rmb some loads and comparisons on some relative
fast-paths.

Since the naming, get/put_mems_allowed() does suggest a mandatory
pairing, rename the interface, as suggested by Mel, to resemble the
seqcount interface.

This gives us: read_mems_allowed_begin() and read_mems_allowed_retry(),
where it is important to note that the return value of the latter call
is inverted from its previous incarnation.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-03 16:20:58 -07:00
Joonsoo Kim
80c3a9981a slub: fix high order page allocation problem with __GFP_NOFAIL
SLUB already try to allocate high order page with clearing __GFP_NOFAIL.
But, when allocating shadow page for kmemcheck, it missed clearing
the flag. This trigger WARN_ON_ONCE() reported by Christian Casteyde.

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65991
https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/12/3/764

This patch fix this situation by using same allocation flag as original
allocation.

Reported-by: Christian Casteyde <casteyde.christian@free.fr>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2014-03-27 14:27:34 +02:00
Steven Rostedt
1e4dd9461f slub: do not assert not having lock in removing freed partial
Vladimir reported the following issue:

Commit c65c1877bd ("slub: use lockdep_assert_held") requires
remove_partial() to be called with n->list_lock held, but free_partial()
called from kmem_cache_close() on cache destruction does not follow this
rule, leading to a warning:

  WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 2787 at mm/slub.c:1536 __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x1b2/0x1f0()
  Modules linked in:
  CPU: 0 PID: 2787 Comm: modprobe Tainted: G        W    3.14.0-rc1-mm1+ #1
  Hardware name:
   0000000000000600 ffff88003ae1dde8 ffffffff816d9583 0000000000000600
   0000000000000000 ffff88003ae1de28 ffffffff8107c107 0000000000000000
   ffff880037ab2b00 ffff88007c240d30 ffffea0001ee5280 ffffea0001ee52a0
  Call Trace:
    __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x1b2/0x1f0
    kmem_cache_destroy+0x43/0xf0
    xfs_destroy_zones+0x103/0x110 [xfs]
    exit_xfs_fs+0x38/0x4e4 [xfs]
    SyS_delete_module+0x19a/0x1f0
    system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

His solution was to add a spinlock in order to quiet lockdep.  Although
there would be no contention to adding the lock, that lock also requires
disabling of interrupts which will have a larger impact on the system.

Instead of adding a spinlock to a location where it is not needed for
lockdep, make a __remove_partial() function that does not test if the
list_lock is held, as no one should have it due to it being freed.

Also added a __add_partial() function that does not do the lock
validation either, as it is not needed for the creation of the cache.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reported-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Suggested-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-02-10 16:01:42 -08:00
David Rientjes
255d0884f5 mm/slub.c: list_lock may not be held in some circumstances
Commit c65c1877bd ("slub: use lockdep_assert_held") incorrectly
required that add_full() and remove_full() hold n->list_lock.  The lock
is only taken when kmem_cache_debug(s), since that's the only time it
actually does anything.

Require that the lock only be taken under such a condition.

Reported-by: Larry Finger <Larry.Finger@lwfinger.net>
Tested-by: Larry Finger <Larry.Finger@lwfinger.net>
Tested-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-02-10 16:01:41 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
7b383bef25 Merge branch 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
Pull SLAB changes from Pekka Enberg:
 "Random bug fixes that have accumulated in my inbox over the past few
  months"

* 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux:
  mm: Fix warning on make htmldocs caused by slab.c
  mm: slub: work around unneeded lockdep warning
  mm: sl[uo]b: fix misleading comments
  slub: Fix possible format string bug.
  slub: use lockdep_assert_held
  slub: Fix calculation of cpu slabs
  slab.h: remove duplicate kmalloc declaration and fix kernel-doc warnings
2014-02-02 11:30:08 -08:00
Dave Hansen
67b6c900dc mm: slub: work around unneeded lockdep warning
The slub code does some setup during early boot in
early_kmem_cache_node_alloc() with some local data.  There is no
possible way that another CPU can see this data, so the slub code
doesn't unnecessarily lock it.  However, some new lockdep asserts
check to make sure that add_partial() _always_ has the list_lock
held.

Just add the locking, even though it is technically unnecessary.

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2014-01-31 13:41:26 +02:00
Dave Hansen
a03208652d mm/slub.c: fix page->_count corruption (again)
Commit abca7c4965 ("mm: fix slab->page _count corruption when using
slub") notes that we can not _set_ a page->counters directly, except
when using a real double-cmpxchg.  Doing so can lose updates to
->_count.

That is an absolute rule:

        You may not *set* page->counters except via a cmpxchg.

Commit abca7c4965 fixed this for the folks who have the slub
cmpxchg_double code turned off at compile time, but it left the bad case
alone.  It can still be reached, and the same bug triggered in two
cases:

1. Turning on slub debugging at runtime, which is available on
   the distro kernels that I looked at.
2. On 64-bit CPUs with no CMPXCHG16B (some early AMD x86-64
   cpus, evidently)

There are at least 3 ways we could fix this:

1. Take all of the exising calls to cmpxchg_double_slab() and
   __cmpxchg_double_slab() and convert them to take an old, new
   and target 'struct page'.
2. Do (1), but with the newly-introduced 'slub_data'.
3. Do some magic inside the two cmpxchg...slab() functions to
   pull the counters out of new_counters and only set those
   fields in page->{inuse,frozen,objects}.

I've done (2) as well, but it's a bunch more code.  This patch is an
attempt at (3).  This was the most straightforward and foolproof way
that I could think to do this.

This would also technically allow us to get rid of the ugly

#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) && \
       defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE)

in 'struct page', but leaving it alone has the added benefit that
'counters' stays 'unsigned' instead of 'unsigned long', so all the
copies that the slub code does stay a bit smaller.

Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Cc: Pravin B Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-01-30 16:56:56 -08:00
Dave Hansen
a0132ac0f2 mm/slub.c: do not VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() for temporary on-stack pages
Commit 309381feae ("mm: dump page when hitting a VM_BUG_ON using
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE") added a bunch of VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() calls.

But, most of the ones in the slub code are for _temporary_ 'struct
page's which are declared on the stack and likely have lots of gunk in
them.  Dumping their contents out will just confuse folks looking at
bad_page() output.  Plus, if we try to page_to_pfn() on them or
soemthing, we'll probably oops anyway.

Turn them back in to VM_BUG_ON()s.

Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-01-29 16:22:40 -08:00
Sasha Levin
309381feae mm: dump page when hitting a VM_BUG_ON using VM_BUG_ON_PAGE
Most of the VM_BUG_ON assertions are performed on a page.  Usually, when
one of these assertions fails we'll get a BUG_ON with a call stack and
the registers.

I've recently noticed based on the requests to add a small piece of code
that dumps the page to various VM_BUG_ON sites that the page dump is
quite useful to people debugging issues in mm.

This patch adds a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(cond, page) which beyond doing what
VM_BUG_ON() does, also dumps the page before executing the actual
BUG_ON.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up includes]
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-01-23 16:36:50 -08:00
Tetsuo Handa
26e4f20575 slub: Fix possible format string bug.
The "name" is determined at runtime and is parsed as format string.

Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 21:36:34 +02:00
Peter Zijlstra
c65c1877bd slub: use lockdep_assert_held
Instead of using comments in an attempt at getting the locking right,
use proper assertions that actively warn you if you got it wrong.

Also add extra braces in a few sites to comply with coding-style.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 21:34:39 +02:00
Li Zefan
8afb1474db slub: Fix calculation of cpu slabs
/sys/kernel/slab/:t-0000048 # cat cpu_slabs
  231 N0=16 N1=215
  /sys/kernel/slab/:t-0000048 # cat slabs
  145 N0=36 N1=109

See, the number of slabs is smaller than that of cpu slabs.

The bug was introduced by commit 49e2258586
("slub: per cpu cache for partial pages").

We should use page->pages instead of page->pobjects when calculating
the number of cpu partial slabs. This also fixes the mapping of slabs
and nodes.

As there's no variable storing the number of total/active objects in
cpu partial slabs, and we don't have user interfaces requiring those
statistics, I just add WARN_ON for those cases.

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.2+
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-12-29 13:44:45 +02:00
Linus Torvalds
24f971abbd Merge branch 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
Pull SLAB changes from Pekka Enberg:
 "The patches from Joonsoo Kim switch mm/slab.c to use 'struct page' for
  slab internals similar to mm/slub.c.  This reduces memory usage and
  improves performance:

    https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/16/155

  Rest of the changes are bug fixes from various people"

* 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux: (21 commits)
  mm, slub: fix the typo in mm/slub.c
  mm, slub: fix the typo in include/linux/slub_def.h
  slub: Handle NULL parameter in kmem_cache_flags
  slab: replace non-existing 'struct freelist *' with 'void *'
  slab: fix to calm down kmemleak warning
  slub: proper kmemleak tracking if CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG disabled
  slab: rename slab_bufctl to slab_freelist
  slab: remove useless statement for checking pfmemalloc
  slab: use struct page for slab management
  slab: replace free and inuse in struct slab with newly introduced active
  slab: remove SLAB_LIMIT
  slab: remove kmem_bufctl_t
  slab: change the management method of free objects of the slab
  slab: use __GFP_COMP flag for allocating slab pages
  slab: use well-defined macro, virt_to_slab()
  slab: overloading the RCU head over the LRU for RCU free
  slab: remove cachep in struct slab_rcu
  slab: remove nodeid in struct slab
  slab: remove colouroff in struct slab
  slab: change return type of kmem_getpages() to struct page
  ...
2013-11-22 08:10:34 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
9073e1a804 Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial
Pull trivial tree updates from Jiri Kosina:
 "Usual earth-shaking, news-breaking, rocket science pile from
  trivial.git"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (23 commits)
  doc: usb: Fix typo in Documentation/usb/gadget_configs.txt
  doc: add missing files to timers/00-INDEX
  timekeeping: Fix some trivial typos in comments
  mm: Fix some trivial typos in comments
  irq: Fix some trivial typos in comments
  NUMA: fix typos in Kconfig help text
  mm: update 00-INDEX
  doc: Documentation/DMA-attributes.txt fix typo
  DRM: comment: `halve' -> `half'
  Docs: Kconfig: `devlopers' -> `developers'
  doc: typo on word accounting in kprobes.c in mutliple architectures
  treewide: fix "usefull" typo
  treewide: fix "distingush" typo
  mm/Kconfig: Grammar s/an/a/
  kexec: Typo s/the/then/
  Documentation/kvm: Update cpuid documentation for steal time and pv eoi
  treewide: Fix common typo in "identify"
  __page_to_pfn: Fix typo in comment
  Correct some typos for word frequency
  clk: fixed-factor: Fix a trivial typo
  ...
2013-11-15 16:47:22 -08:00
Qiang Huang
2ade4de871 memcg, kmem: rename cache_from_memcg to cache_from_memcg_idx
We can't see the relationship with memcg from the parameters,
so the name with memcg_idx would be more reasonable.

Signed-off-by: Qiang Huang <h.huangqiang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-11-13 12:09:10 +09:00
Zhi Yong Wu
721ae22ae1 mm, slub: fix the typo in mm/slub.c
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-11-11 18:19:07 +02:00
Christoph Lameter
c6f58d9b36 slub: Handle NULL parameter in kmem_cache_flags
Andreas Herrmann writes:

  When I've used slub_debug kernel option (e.g.
  "slub_debug=,skbuff_fclone_cache" or similar) on a debug session I've
  seen a panic like:

    Highbank #setenv bootargs console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/sda2 kgdboc.kgdboc=ttyAMA0,115200 slub_debug=,kmalloc-4096 earlyprintk=ttyAMA0
    ...
    Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000
    pgd = c0004000
    [00000000] *pgd=00000000
    Internal error: Oops: 5 [#1] SMP ARM
    Modules linked in:
    CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G        W    3.12.0-00048-gbe408cd #314
    task: c0898360 ti: c088a000 task.ti: c088a000
    PC is at strncmp+0x1c/0x84
    LR is at kmem_cache_flags.isra.46.part.47+0x44/0x60
    pc : [<c02c6da0>]    lr : [<c0110a3c>]    psr: 200001d3
    sp : c088bea8  ip : c088beb8  fp : c088beb4
    r10: 00000000  r9 : 413fc090  r8 : 00000001
    r7 : 00000000  r6 : c2984a08  r5 : c0966e78  r4 : 00000000
    r3 : 0000006b  r2 : 0000000c  r1 : 00000000  r0 : c2984a08
    Flags: nzCv  IRQs off  FIQs off  Mode SVC_32  ISA ARM  Segment kernel
    Control: 10c5387d  Table: 0000404a  DAC: 00000015
    Process swapper (pid: 0, stack limit = 0xc088a248)
    Stack: (0xc088bea8 to 0xc088c000)
    bea0:                   c088bed4 c088beb8 c0110a3c c02c6d90 c0966e78 00000040
    bec0: ef001f00 00000040 c088bf14 c088bed8 c0112070 c0110a04 00000005 c010fac8
    bee0: c088bf5c c088bef0 c010fac8 ef001f00 00000040 00000000 00000040 00000001
    bf00: 413fc090 00000000 c088bf34 c088bf18 c0839190 c0112040 00000000 ef001f00
    bf20: 00000000 00000000 c088bf54 c088bf38 c0839200 c083914c 00000006 c0961c4c
    bf40: c0961c28 00000000 c088bf7c c088bf58 c08392ac c08391c0 c08a2ed8 c0966e78
    bf60: c086b874 c08a3f50 c0961c28 00000001 c088bfb4 c088bf80 c083b258 c0839248
    bf80: 2f800000 0f000000 c08935b4 ffffffff c08cd400 ffffffff c08cd400 c0868408
    bfa0: c29849c0 00000000 c088bff4 c088bfb8 c0824974 c083b1e4 ffffffff ffffffff
    bfc0: c08245c0 00000000 00000000 c0868408 00000000 10c5387d c0892bcc c0868404
    bfe0: c0899440 0000406a 00000000 c088bff8 00008074 c0824824 00000000 00000000
    [<c02c6da0>] (strncmp+0x1c/0x84) from [<c0110a3c>] (kmem_cache_flags.isra.46.part.47+0x44/0x60)
    [<c0110a3c>] (kmem_cache_flags.isra.46.part.47+0x44/0x60) from [<c0112070>] (__kmem_cache_create+0x3c/0x410)
    [<c0112070>] (__kmem_cache_create+0x3c/0x410) from [<c0839190>] (create_boot_cache+0x50/0x74)
    [<c0839190>] (create_boot_cache+0x50/0x74) from [<c0839200>] (create_kmalloc_cache+0x4c/0x88)
    [<c0839200>] (create_kmalloc_cache+0x4c/0x88) from [<c08392ac>] (create_kmalloc_caches+0x70/0x114)
    [<c08392ac>] (create_kmalloc_caches+0x70/0x114) from [<c083b258>] (kmem_cache_init+0x80/0xe0)
    [<c083b258>] (kmem_cache_init+0x80/0xe0) from [<c0824974>] (start_kernel+0x15c/0x318)
    [<c0824974>] (start_kernel+0x15c/0x318) from [<00008074>] (0x8074)
    Code: e3520000 01a00002 089da800 e5d03000 (e5d1c000)
    ---[ end trace 1b75b31a2719ed1d ]---
    Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

  Problem is that slub_debug option is not parsed before
  create_boot_cache is called. Solve this by changing slub_debug to
  early_param.

  Kernels 3.11, 3.10 are also affected.  I am not sure about older
  kernels.

Christoph Lameter explains:

  kmem_cache_flags may be called with NULL parameter during early boot.
  Skip the test in that case.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.10 and 3.11
Reported-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann@calxeda.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-11-11 18:15:45 +02:00
Roman Bobniev
d56791b38e slub: proper kmemleak tracking if CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG disabled
Move all kmemleak calls into hook functions, and make it so
that all hooks (both inside and outside of #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG)
call the appropriate kmemleak routines.  This allows for kmemleak
to be configured independently of slub debug features.

It also fixes a bug where kmemleak was only partially enabled in some
configurations.

Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Roman Bobniev <Roman.Bobniev@sonymobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Bird <tim.bird@sonymobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@iki.fi>
2013-10-24 20:25:10 +03:00
Xie XiuQi
d175617436 mm: Fix some trivial typos in comments
Signed-off-by: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2013-10-18 14:49:53 +02:00
Linus Torvalds
bff157b3ad Merge branch 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
Pull SLAB update from Pekka Enberg:
 "Nothing terribly exciting here apart from Christoph's kmalloc
  unification patches that brings sl[aou]b implementations closer to
  each other"

* 'slab/next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux:
  slab: Use correct GFP_DMA constant
  slub: remove verify_mem_not_deleted()
  mm/sl[aou]b: Move kmallocXXX functions to common code
  mm, slab_common: add 'unlikely' to size check of kmalloc_slab()
  mm/slub.c: beautify code for removing redundancy 'break' statement.
  slub: Remove unnecessary page NULL check
  slub: don't use cpu partial pages on UP
  mm/slub: beautify code for 80 column limitation and tab alignment
  mm/slub: remove 'per_cpu' which is useless variable
2013-09-15 07:15:06 -04:00
Jingoo Han
3dbb95f789 mm: replace strict_strtoul() with kstrtoul()
The use of strict_strtoul() is not preferred, because strict_strtoul() is
obsolete.  Thus, kstrtoul() should be used.

Signed-off-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-11 15:57:11 -07:00
Christoph Lameter
76b6f3d255 slub: remove verify_mem_not_deleted()
I do not see any user for this code in the tree.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-09-04 20:53:16 +03:00
Christoph Lameter
f1b6eb6e6b mm/sl[aou]b: Move kmallocXXX functions to common code
The kmalloc* functions of all slab allcoators are similar now so
lets move them into slab.h. This requires some function naming changes
in slob.

As a results of this patch there is a common set of functions for
all allocators. Also means that kmalloc_large() is now available
in general to perform large order allocations that go directly
via the page allocator. kmalloc_large() can be substituted if
kmalloc() throws warnings because of too large allocations.

kmalloc_large() has exactly the same semantics as kmalloc but
can only used for allocations > PAGE_SIZE.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-09-04 20:51:33 +03:00
Chen Gang
68f06650ea mm/slub.c: beautify code for removing redundancy 'break' statement.
Remove redundancy 'break' statement.

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-08-13 09:21:46 +03:00
Libin
ac6434e6b8 slub: Remove unnecessary page NULL check
In commit 4d7868e6(slub: Do not dereference NULL pointer in node_match)
had added check for page NULL in node_match.  Thus, it is not needed
to check it before node_match, remove it.

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Libin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-08-13 09:21:46 +03:00
Linus Torvalds
370905069c Revert "slub: do not put a slab to cpu partial list when cpu_partial is 0"
This reverts commit 318df36e57.

This commit caused Steven Rostedt's hackbench runs to run out of memory
due to a leak.  As noted by Joonsoo Kim, it is buggy in the following
scenario:

 "I guess, you may set 0 to all kmem caches's cpu_partial via sysfs,
  doesn't it?

  In this case, memory leak is possible in following case.  Code flow of
  possible leak is follwing case.

   * in __slab_free()
   1. (!new.inuse || !prior) && !was_frozen
   2. !kmem_cache_debug && !prior
   3. new.frozen = 1
   4. after cmpxchg_double_slab, run the (!n) case with new.frozen=1
   5. with this patch, put_cpu_partial() doesn't do anything,
      because this cache's cpu_partial is 0
   6. return

  In step 5, leak occur"

And Steven does indeed have cpu_partial set to 0 due to RT testing.

Joonsoo is cooking up a patch, but everybody agrees that reverting this
for now is the right thing to do.

Reported-and-bisected-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-08-08 09:06:37 -07:00
Chen Gang
d0e0ac9772 mm/slub: beautify code for 80 column limitation and tab alignment
Be sure of 80 column limitation for both code and comments.

Correct tab alignment for 'if-else' statement.

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-07-17 10:11:57 +03:00
Chen Gang
e35e1a9744 mm/slub: remove 'per_cpu' which is useless variable
Remove 'per_cpu', since it is useless now after the patch: "205ab99
slub: Update statistics handling for variable order slabs". And the
partial list is handled in the same way as the per cpu slab.

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-07-15 12:37:55 +03:00
Paul Gortmaker
0db0628d90 kernel: delete __cpuinit usage from all core kernel files
The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications.  For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.

After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out.  Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.

This removes all the uses of the __cpuinit macros from C files in
the core kernel directories (kernel, init, lib, mm, and include)
that don't really have a specific maintainer.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589

Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2013-07-14 19:36:59 -04:00
Linus Torvalds
54be820019 Merge branch 'slab/for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
Pull slab update from Pekka Enberg:
 "Highlights:

  - Fix for boot-time problems on some architectures due to
    init_lock_keys() not respecting kmalloc_caches boundaries
    (Christoph Lameter)

  - CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL requested by RT folks (Joonsoo Kim)

  - Fix for excessive slab freelist draining (Wanpeng Li)

  - SLUB and SLOB cleanups and fixes (various people)"

I ended up editing the branch, and this avoids two commits at the end
that were immediately reverted, and I instead just applied the oneliner
fix in between myself.

* 'slab/for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux
  slub: Check for page NULL before doing the node_match check
  mm/slab: Give s_next and s_stop slab-specific names
  slob: Check for NULL pointer before calling ctor()
  slub: Make cpu partial slab support configurable
  slab: add kmalloc() to kernel API documentation
  slab: fix init_lock_keys
  slob: use DIV_ROUND_UP where possible
  slub: do not put a slab to cpu partial list when cpu_partial is 0
  mm/slub: Use node_nr_slabs and node_nr_objs in get_slabinfo
  mm/slub: Drop unnecessary nr_partials
  mm/slab: Fix /proc/slabinfo unwriteable for slab
  mm/slab: Sharing s_next and s_stop between slab and slub
  mm/slab: Fix drain freelist excessively
  slob: Rework #ifdeffery in slab.h
  mm, slab: moved kmem_cache_alloc_node comment to correct place
2013-07-14 15:14:29 -07:00
Steven Rostedt
c25f195e82 slub: Check for page NULL before doing the node_match check
In the -rt kernel (mrg), we hit the following dump:

BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at           (null)
IP: [<ffffffff811573f1>] kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x51/0x180
PGD a2d39067 PUD b1641067 PMD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
Modules linked in: sunrpc cpufreq_ondemand ipv6 tg3 joydev sg serio_raw pcspkr k8temp amd64_edac_mod edac_core i2c_piix4 e100 mii shpchp ext4 mbcache jbd2 sd_mod crc_t10dif sr_mod cdrom sata_svw ata_generic pata_acpi pata_serverworks radeon ttm drm_kms_helper drm hwmon i2c_algo_bit i2c_core dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
CPU 3
Pid: 20878, comm: hackbench Not tainted 3.6.11-rt25.14.el6rt.x86_64 #1 empty empty/Tyan Transport GT24-B3992
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff811573f1>]  [<ffffffff811573f1>] kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x51/0x180
RSP: 0018:ffff8800a9b17d70  EFLAGS: 00010213
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000001200011 RCX: ffff8800a06d8000
RDX: 0000000004d92a03 RSI: 00000000000000d0 RDI: ffff88013b805500
RBP: ffff8800a9b17dc0 R08: ffff88023fd14d10 R09: ffffffff81041cbd
R10: 00007f4e3f06e9d0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: ffff88013b805500
R13: ffff8801ff46af40 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000000
FS:  00007f4e3f06e700(0000) GS:ffff88023fd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 00000000a2d3a000 CR4: 00000000000007e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process hackbench (pid: 20878, threadinfo ffff8800a9b16000, task ffff8800a06d8000)
Stack:
 ffff8800a9b17da0 ffffffff81202e08 ffff8800a9b17de0 000000d001200011
 0000000001200011 0000000001200011 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
 00007f4e3f06e9d0 0000000000000000 ffff8800a9b17e60 ffffffff81041cbd
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff81202e08>] ? current_has_perm+0x68/0x80
 [<ffffffff81041cbd>] copy_process+0xdd/0x15b0
 [<ffffffff810a2125>] ? rt_up_read+0x25/0x30
 [<ffffffff8104369a>] do_fork+0x5a/0x360
 [<ffffffff8107c66b>] ? migrate_enable+0xeb/0x220
 [<ffffffff8100b068>] sys_clone+0x28/0x30
 [<ffffffff81527423>] stub_clone+0x13/0x20
 [<ffffffff81527152>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Code: 89 fc 89 75 cc 41 89 d6 4d 8b 04 24 65 4c 03 04 25 48 ae 00 00 49 8b 50 08 4d 8b 28 49 8b 40 10 4d 85 ed 74 12 41 83 fe ff 74 27 <48> 8b 00 48 c1 e8 3a 41 39 c6 74 1b 8b 75 cc 4c 89 c9 44 89 f2
RIP  [<ffffffff811573f1>] kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x51/0x180
 RSP <ffff8800a9b17d70>
CR2: 0000000000000000
---[ end trace 0000000000000002 ]---

Now, this uses SLUB pretty much unmodified, but as it is the -rt kernel
with CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT set, spinlocks are mutexes, although they do
disable migration. But the SLUB code is relatively lockless, and the
spin_locks there are raw_spin_locks (not converted to mutexes), thus I
believe this bug can happen in mainline without -rt features. The -rt
patch is just good at triggering mainline bugs ;-)

Anyway, looking at where this crashed, it seems that the page variable
can be NULL when passed to the node_match() function (which does not
check if it is NULL). When this happens we get the above panic.

As page is only used in slab_alloc() to check if the node matches, if
it's NULL I'm assuming that we can say it doesn't and call the
__slab_alloc() code. Is this a correct assumption?

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-14 15:13:16 -07:00
Joonsoo Kim
345c905d13 slub: Make cpu partial slab support configurable
CPU partial support can introduce level of indeterminism that is not
wanted in certain context (like a realtime kernel). Make it
configurable.

This patch is based on Christoph Lameter's "slub: Make cpu partial slab
support configurable V2".

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-07-07 19:09:56 +03:00
Joonsoo Kim
318df36e57 slub: do not put a slab to cpu partial list when cpu_partial is 0
In free path, we don't check number of cpu_partial, so one slab can
be linked in cpu partial list even if cpu_partial is 0. To prevent this,
we should check number of cpu_partial in put_cpu_partial().

Acked-by: Christoph Lameeter <cl@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-07-07 18:46:30 +03:00
Wanpeng Li
c17fd13ec0 mm/slub: Use node_nr_slabs and node_nr_objs in get_slabinfo
Use existing interface node_nr_slabs and node_nr_objs to get
nr_slabs and nr_objs.

Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
2013-07-07 18:37:48 +03:00