The default_machine_specific_memory_setup() is a mouthful and despite the
many words it doesn't actually tell us clearly what it does.
The function is the x86 legacy memory layout setup code, based on
E820-formatted memory layout information passed by the bootloader
via the boot_params.
Rename it to e820__memory_setup_default() to better signal its purpose.
Also rename the related higher level function to be consistent with
this new naming:
setup_memory_map() => e820__memory_setup()
No change in functionality.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
So the e820_table->map and e820_table->nr_map names are a bit
confusing, because it's not clear what a 'map' really means
(it could be a bitmap, or some other data structure), nor is
it clear what nr_map means (is it a current index, or some
other count).
Rename the fields from:
e820_table->map => e820_table->entries
e820_table->nr_map => e820_table->nr_entries
which makes it abundantly clear that these are entries
of the table, and that the size of the table is ->nr_entries.
Propagate the changes to all affected files. Where necessary,
adjust local variable names to better reflect the new field names.
No change in functionality.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
No change in functionality.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
In line with the rename to 'struct e820_array', harmonize the naming of common e820
table variable names as well:
e820 => e820_array
e820_saved => e820_array_saved
e820_map => e820_array
initial_e820 => e820_array_init
This makes the variable names more consistent and easier to grep for.
No change in functionality.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The 'e820entry' and 'e820map' names have various annoyances:
- the missing underscore departs from the usual kernel style
and makes the code look weird,
- in the past I kept confusing the 'map' with the 'entry', because
a 'map' is ambiguous in that regard,
- it's not really clear from the 'e820map' that this is a regular
C array.
Rename them to 'struct e820_entry' and 'struct e820_array' accordingly.
( Leave the legacy UAPI header alone but do the rename in the bootparam.h
and e820/types.h file - outside tools relying on these defines should
either adjust their code, or should use the legacy header, or should
create their private copies for the definitions. )
No change in functionality.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
In line with asm/e820/types.h, move the e820 API declarations to
asm/e820/api.h and update all usage sites.
This is just a mechanical, obviously correct move & replace patch,
there will be subsequent changes to clean up the code and to make
better use of the new header organization.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
In commit c5320926e3 ("mem-hotplug: introduce movable_node boot
option"), the memblock allocation direction is changed to bottom-up and
then back to top-down like this:
1. memblock_set_bottom_up(true), called by cmdline_parse_movable_node().
2. memblock_set_bottom_up(false), called by x86's numa_init().
Even though (1) occurs in generic mm code, it is wrapped by #ifdef
CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE, which depends on X86_64.
This means that when we extend CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE to non-x86 arches,
things will be unbalanced. (1) will happen for them, but (2) will not.
This toggle was added in the first place because x86 has a delay between
adding memblocks and marking them as hotpluggable. Since other arches
do this marking either immediately or not at all, they do not require
the bottom-up toggle.
So, resolve things by moving (1) from cmdline_parse_movable_node() to
x86's setup_arch(), immediately after the movable_node parameter has
been parsed.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479160961-25840-3-git-send-email-arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@au1.ibm.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Stewart Smith <stewart@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The recent changes, which forced the registration of the boot cpu on UP
systems, which do not have ACPI tables, have been fixed for systems w/o
local APIC, but left a wreckage for systems which have neither ACPI nor
mptables, but the CPU has an APIC, e.g. virtualbox.
The boot process crashes in prefill_possible_map() as it wants to register
the boot cpu, which needs to access the local apic, but the local APIC is
not yet mapped.
There is no reason why init_apic_mapping() can't be invoked before
prefill_possible_map(). So instead of playing another silly early mapping
game, as the ACPI/mptables code does, we just move init_apic_mapping()
before the call to prefill_possible_map().
In hindsight, I should have noticed that combination earlier.
Sorry for the churn (also in stable)!
Fixes: ff8560512b ("x86/boot/smp: Don't try to poke disabled/non-existent APIC")
Reported-and-debugged-by: Michal Necasek <michal.necasek@oracle.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Wolfgang Bauer <wbauer@tmo.at>
Cc: prarit@redhat.com
Cc: ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com
Cc: michael.thayer@oracle.com
Cc: knut.osmundsen@oracle.com
Cc: frank.mehnert@oracle.com
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1610282114380.5053@nanos
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The changes in this cycle were:
- Save e820 table RAM footprint on larger kernel configurations.
(Denys Vlasenko)
- pmem related fixes (Dan Williams)
- theoretical e820 boundary condition fix (Wei Yang)"
* 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Fix kdump, cleanup aborted E820_PRAM max_pfn manipulation
x86/e820: Use much less memory for e820/e820_saved, save up to 120k
x86/e820: Prepare e280 code for switch to dynamic storage
x86/e820: Mark some static functions __init
x86/e820: Fix very large 'size' handling boundary condition
Pull low-level x86 updates from Ingo Molnar:
"In this cycle this topic tree has become one of those 'super topics'
that accumulated a lot of changes:
- Add CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y support to the core kernel and enable it on
x86 - preceded by an array of changes. v4.8 saw preparatory changes
in this area already - this is the rest of the work. Includes the
thread stack caching performance optimization. (Andy Lutomirski)
- switch_to() cleanups and all around enhancements. (Brian Gerst)
- A large number of dumpstack infrastructure enhancements and an
unwinder abstraction. The secret long term plan is safe(r) live
patching plus maybe another attempt at debuginfo based unwinding -
but all these current bits are standalone enhancements in a frame
pointer based debug environment as well. (Josh Poimboeuf)
- More __ro_after_init and const annotations. (Kees Cook)
- Enable KASLR for the vmemmap memory region. (Thomas Garnier)"
[ The virtually mapped stack changes are pretty fundamental, and not
x86-specific per se, even if they are only used on x86 right now. ]
* 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (70 commits)
x86/asm: Get rid of __read_cr4_safe()
thread_info: Use unsigned long for flags
x86/alternatives: Add stack frame dependency to alternative_call_2()
x86/dumpstack: Fix show_stack() task pointer regression
x86/dumpstack: Remove dump_trace() and related callbacks
x86/dumpstack: Convert show_trace_log_lvl() to use the new unwinder
oprofile/x86: Convert x86_backtrace() to use the new unwinder
x86/stacktrace: Convert save_stack_trace_*() to use the new unwinder
perf/x86: Convert perf_callchain_kernel() to use the new unwinder
x86/unwind: Add new unwind interface and implementations
x86/dumpstack: Remove NULL task pointer convention
fork: Optimize task creation by caching two thread stacks per CPU if CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y
sched/core: Free the stack early if CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
lib/syscall: Pin the task stack in collect_syscall()
x86/process: Pin the target stack in get_wchan()
x86/dumpstack: Pin the target stack when dumping it
kthread: Pin the stack via try_get_task_stack()/put_task_stack() in to_live_kthread() function
sched/core: Add try_get_task_stack() and put_task_stack()
x86/entry/64: Fix a minor comment rebase error
iommu/amd: Don't put completion-wait semaphore on stack
...
Pull x86 apic updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes are:
- Persistent CPU/node numbering across CPU hotplug/unplug events.
This is a pretty involved series of changes that first fetches all
the information during bootup and then uses it for the various
hotplug/unplug methods. (Gu Zheng, Dou Liyang)
- IO-APIC hot-add/remove fixes and enhancements. (Rui Wang)
- ... various fixes, cleanups and enhancements"
* 'x86-apic-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (22 commits)
x86/apic: Fix silent & fatal merge conflict in __generic_processor_info()
acpi: Fix broken error check in map_processor()
acpi: Validate processor id when mapping the processor
acpi: Provide mechanism to validate processors in the ACPI tables
x86/acpi: Set persistent cpuid <-> nodeid mapping when booting
x86/acpi: Enable MADT APIs to return disabled apicids
x86/acpi: Introduce persistent storage for cpuid <-> apicid mapping
x86/acpi: Enable acpi to register all possible cpus at boot time
x86/numa: Online memory-less nodes at boot time
x86/apic: Get rid of apic_version[] array
x86/apic: Order irq_enter/exit() calls correctly vs. ack_APIC_irq()
x86/ioapic: Ignore root bridges without a companion ACPI device
x86/apic: Update comment about disabling processor focus
x86/smpboot: Check APIC ID before setting up default routing
x86/ioapic: Fix IOAPIC failing to request resource
x86/ioapic: Fix lost IOAPIC resource after hot-removal and hotadd
x86/ioapic: Fix setup_res() failing to get resource
x86/ioapic: Support hot-removal of IOAPICs present during boot
x86/ioapic: Change prototype of acpi_ioapic_add()
x86/apic, ACPI: Fix incorrect assignment when handling apic/x2apic entries
...
Pull EFI updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Main changes in this cycle were:
- Refactor the EFI memory map code into architecture neutral files
and allow drivers to permanently reserve EFI boot services regions
on x86, as well as ARM/arm64. (Matt Fleming)
- Add ARM support for the EFI ESRT driver. (Ard Biesheuvel)
- Make the EFI runtime services and efivar API interruptible by
swapping spinlocks for semaphores. (Sylvain Chouleur)
- Provide the EFI identity mapping for kexec which allows kexec to
work on SGI/UV platforms with requiring the "noefi" kernel command
line parameter. (Alex Thorlton)
- Add debugfs node to dump EFI page tables on arm64. (Ard Biesheuvel)
- Merge the EFI test driver being carried out of tree until now in
the FWTS project. (Ivan Hu)
- Expand the list of flags for classifying EFI regions as "RAM" on
arm64 so we align with the UEFI spec. (Ard Biesheuvel)
- Optimise out the EFI mixed mode if it's unsupported (CONFIG_X86_32)
or disabled (CONFIG_EFI_MIXED=n) and switch the early EFI boot
services function table for direct calls, alleviating us from
having to maintain the custom function table. (Lukas Wunner)
- Miscellaneous cleanups and fixes"
* 'efi-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
x86/efi: Round EFI memmap reservations to EFI_PAGE_SIZE
x86/efi: Allow invocation of arbitrary boot services
x86/efi: Optimize away setup_gop32/64 if unused
x86/efi: Use kmalloc_array() in efi_call_phys_prolog()
efi/arm64: Treat regions with WT/WC set but WB cleared as memory
efi: Add efi_test driver for exporting UEFI runtime service interfaces
x86/efi: Defer efi_esrt_init until after memblock_x86_fill
efi/arm64: Add debugfs node to dump UEFI runtime page tables
x86/efi: Remove unused find_bits() function
fs/efivarfs: Fix double kfree() in error path
x86/efi: Map in physical addresses in efi_map_region_fixed
lib/ucs2_string: Speed up ucs2_utf8size()
firmware-gsmi: Delete an unnecessary check before the function call "dma_pool_destroy"
x86/efi: Initialize status to ensure garbage is not returned on small size
efi: Replace runtime services spinlock with semaphore
efi: Don't use spinlocks for efi vars
efi: Use a file local lock for efivars
efi/arm*: esrt: Add missing call to efi_esrt_init()
efi/esrt: Use memremap not ioremap to access ESRT table in memory
x86/efi-bgrt: Use efi_mem_reserve() to avoid copying image data
...
We use __read_cr4() vs __read_cr4_safe() inconsistently. On
CR4-less CPUs, all CR4 bits are effectively clear, so we can make
the code simpler and more robust by making __read_cr4() always fix
up faults on 32-bit kernels.
This may fix some bugs on old 486-like CPUs, but I don't have any
easy way to test that.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: david@saggiorato.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ea647033d357d9ce2ad2bbde5a631045f5052fb6.1475178370.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The condition for reading CR4 was wrong: there are some CPUs with
CPUID but not CR4. Rather than trying to make the condition exact,
use __read_cr4_safe().
Fixes: 18bc7bd523 ("x86/boot: Synchronize trampoline_cr4_features and mmu_cr4_features directly")
Reported-by: david@saggiorato.net
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8c453a61c4f44ab6ff43c29780ba04835234d2e5.1475178369.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch turns e820 and e820_saved into pointers to e820 tables,
of the same size as before.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160917213927.1787-2-dvlasenk@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Commit 7b02d53e7852 ("efi: Allow drivers to reserve boot services forever")
introduced a new efi_mem_reserve to reserve the boot services memory
regions forever. This reservation involves allocating a new EFI memory
range descriptor. However, allocation can only succeed if there is memory
available for the allocation. Otherwise, error such as the following may
occur:
esrt: Reserving ESRT space from 0x000000003dd6a000 to 0x000000003dd6a010.
Kernel panic - not syncing: ERROR: Failed to allocate 0x9f0 bytes below \
0x0.
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.7.0-rc5+ #503
0000000000000000 ffffffff81e03ce0 ffffffff8131dae8 ffffffff81bb6c50
ffffffff81e03d70 ffffffff81e03d60 ffffffff8111f4df 0000000000000018
ffffffff81e03d70 ffffffff81e03d08 00000000000009f0 00000000000009f0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff8131dae8>] dump_stack+0x4d/0x65
[<ffffffff8111f4df>] panic+0xc5/0x206
[<ffffffff81f7c6d3>] memblock_alloc_base+0x29/0x2e
[<ffffffff81f7c6e3>] memblock_alloc+0xb/0xd
[<ffffffff81f6c86d>] efi_arch_mem_reserve+0xbc/0x134
[<ffffffff81fa3280>] efi_mem_reserve+0x2c/0x31
[<ffffffff81fa3280>] ? efi_mem_reserve+0x2c/0x31
[<ffffffff81fa40d3>] efi_esrt_init+0x19e/0x1b4
[<ffffffff81f6d2dd>] efi_init+0x398/0x44a
[<ffffffff81f5c782>] setup_arch+0x415/0xc30
[<ffffffff81f55af1>] start_kernel+0x5b/0x3ef
[<ffffffff81f55434>] x86_64_start_reservations+0x2f/0x31
[<ffffffff81f55520>] x86_64_start_kernel+0xea/0xed
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: ERROR: Failed to allocate 0x9f0
bytes below 0x0.
An inspection of the memblock configuration reveals that there is no memory
available for the allocation:
MEMBLOCK configuration:
memory size = 0x0 reserved size = 0x4f339c0
memory.cnt = 0x1
memory[0x0] [0x00000000000000-0xffffffffffffffff], 0x0 bytes on node 0\
flags: 0x0
reserved.cnt = 0x4
reserved[0x0] [0x0000000008c000-0x0000000008c9bf], 0x9c0 bytes flags: 0x0
reserved[0x1] [0x0000000009f000-0x000000000fffff], 0x61000 bytes\
flags: 0x0
reserved[0x2] [0x00000002800000-0x0000000394bfff], 0x114c000 bytes\
flags: 0x0
reserved[0x3] [0x000000304e4000-0x00000034269fff], 0x3d86000 bytes\
flags: 0x0
This situation can be avoided if we call efi_esrt_init after memblock has
memory regions for the allocation.
Also, the EFI ESRT driver makes use of early_memremap'pings. Therfore, we
do not want to defer efi_esrt_init for too long. We must call such function
while calls to early_memremap are still valid.
A good place to meet the two aforementioned conditions is right after
memblock_x86_fill, grouped with other EFI-related functions.
Reported-by: Scott Lawson <scott.lawson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Both efi_find_mirror() and efi_fake_memmap() really want to know
whether the EFI memory map is available, not just whether the machine
was booted using EFI. efi_fake_memmap() even has a check for
EFI_MEMMAP at the start of the function.
Since we've already got other code that has this dependency, merge
everything under one if() conditional, and remove the now superfluous
check from efi_fake_memmap().
Tested-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com> [kexec/kdump]
Tested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> [arm]
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Taku Izumi <izumi.taku@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Previously early_acpi_boot_init() was called in early_get_boot_cpu_id()
to get the value for boot_cpu_physical_apicid. Now early_acpi_boot_init()
has been taken out and moved to setup_arch(), the name of
early_get_boot_cpu_id() doesn't match its implementation anymore, and
only the getting boot-time SMP configuration code was left.
So in this patch we open code it.
Also move the smp_found_config check into default_get_smp_config to
simplify code, because both early_get_smp_config() and get_smp_config()
call x86_init.mpparse.get_smp_config().
Also remove the redundent CONFIG_X86_MPPARSE #ifdef check when we call
early_get_smp_config().
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: rjw@rjwysocki.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470985033-22493-1-git-send-email-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There's no need to run setup_real_mode() as early as we run it.
Defer it to the same early_initcall that sets up the page
permissions for the real mode code.
This should be a code size reduction. More importantly, it give us
a longer window in which we can allocate the real mode trampoline.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mario Limonciello <mario_limonciello@dell.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <mfleming@suse.de>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/fd62f0da4f79357695e9bf3e365623736b05f119.1470821230.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The initialization process for trampoline_cr4_features and
mmu_cr4_features was confusing. The intent is for mmu_cr4_features
and *trampoline_cr4_features to stay in sync, but
trampoline_cr4_features is NULL until setup_real_mode() runs. The
old code synchronized *trampoline_cr4_features *twice*, once in
setup_real_mode() and once in setup_arch(). It also initialized
mmu_cr4_features in setup_real_mode(), which causes the actual value
of mmu_cr4_features to potentially depend on when setup_real_mode()
is called.
With this patch, mmu_cr4_features is initialized directly in
setup_arch(), and *trampoline_cr4_features is synchronized to
mmu_cr4_features when the trampoline is set up.
After this patch, it should be safe to defer setup_real_mode().
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mario Limonciello <mario_limonciello@dell.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <mfleming@suse.de>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/d48a263f9912389b957dd495a7127b009259ffe0.1470821230.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
reserve_bios_regions() is a quirk that reserves memory that we might
otherwise think is available. There's no need to run it so early,
and running it before we have the memory map initialized with its
non-quirky inputs makes it hard to make reserve_bios_regions() more
intelligent.
Move it right after we populate the memblock state.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mario Limonciello <mario_limonciello@dell.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <mfleming@suse.de>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/59f58618911005c799c6c9979ce6ae4881d907c2.1470821230.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Guided by grsecurity's analogous __read_only markings in arch/x86,
this applies several uses of __ro_after_init to structures that are
only updated during __init, and const for some structures that are
never updated. Additionally extends __init markings to some functions
that are only used during __init, and cleans up some missing C99 style
static initializers.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160808232906.GA29731@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Initialize KASLR memory randomization after max_pfn is initialized. Also
ensure the size is rounded up. It could create problems on machines
with more than 1Tb of memory on certain random addresses.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Aleksey Makarov <aleksey.makarov@linaro.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J . Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Fixes: 021182e52f ("Enable KASLR for physical mapping memory regions")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470762665-88032-1-git-send-email-thgarnie@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 header cleanups from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree is a cleanup of the x86 tree reducing spurious uses of
module.h - which should improve build performance a bit"
* 'x86-headers-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, crypto: Restore MODULE_LICENSE() to glue_helper.c so it loads
x86/apic: Remove duplicated include from probe_64.c
x86/ce4100: Remove duplicated include from ce4100.c
x86/headers: Include spinlock_types.h in x8664_ksyms_64.c for missing spinlock_t
x86/platform: Delete extraneous MODULE_* tags fromm ts5500
x86: Audit and remove any remaining unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/kvm: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/xen: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/platform: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/lib: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/kernel: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/mm: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86: Don't use module.h just for AUTHOR / LICENSE tags
- Support for ACPI SSDT overlays allowing Secondary System
Description Tables (SSDTs) to be loaded at any time from EFI
variables or via configfs (Octavian Purdila, Mika Westerberg).
- Support for the ACPI LPI (Low-Power Idle) feature introduced in
ACPI 6.0 and allowing processor idle states to be represented in
ACPI tables in a hierarchical way (with the help of Processor
Container objects) and support for ACPI idle states management
on ARM64, based on LPI (Sudeep Holla).
- General improvements of ACPI support for NUMA and ARM64 support
for ACPI-based NUMA (Hanjun Guo, David Daney, Robert Richter).
- General improvements of the ACPI table upgrade mechanism and
ARM64 support for that feature (Aleksey Makarov, Jon Masters).
- Support for the Boot Error Record Table (BERT) in APEI and
improvements of kernel messages printed by the error injection
code (Huang Ying, Borislav Petkov).
- New driver for the Intel Broxton WhiskeyCove PMIC operation
region and support for the REGS operation region on Broxton,
PMIC code cleanups (Bin Gao, Felipe Balbi, Paul Gortmaker).
- New driver for the power participant device which is part of the
Dynamic Power and Thermal Framework (DPTF) and DPTF-related code
reorganization (Srinivas Pandruvada).
- Support for the platform-initiated graceful shutdown feature
introduced in ACPI 6.1 (Prashanth Prakash).
- ACPI button driver update related to lid input events generated
automatically on initialization and system resume that have been
problematic for some time (Lv Zheng).
- ACPI EC driver cleanups (Lv Zheng).
- Documentation of the ACPICA release automation process and the
in-kernel ACPI AML debugger (Lv Zheng).
- New blacklist entry and two fixes for the ACPI backlight driver
(Alex Hung, Arvind Yadav, Ralf Gerbig).
- Cleanups of the ACPI pci_slot driver (Joe Perches, Paul Gortmaker).
- ACPI CPPC code changes to make it more robust against possible
defects in ACPI tables and new symbol definitions for PCC (Hoan
Tran).
- System reboot code modification to execute the ACPI _PTS (Prepare
To Sleep) method in addition to _TTS (Ocean He).
- ACPICA-related change to carry out lock ordering checks in ACPICA
if ACPICA debug is enabled in the kernel (Lv Zheng).
- Assorted minor fixes and cleanups (Andy Shevchenko, Baoquan He,
Bhaktipriya Shridhar, Paul Gortmaker, Rafael Wysocki).
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Merge tag 'acpi-4.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull ACPI updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"The new feaures here are the support for ACPI overlays (allowing ACPI
tables to be loaded at any time from EFI variables or via configfs)
and the LPI (Low-Power Idle) support. Also notable is the ACPI-based
NUMA support for ARM64.
Apart from that we have two new drivers, for the DPTF (Dynamic Power
and Thermal Framework) power participant device and for the Intel
Broxton WhiskeyCove PMIC, some more PMIC-related changes, support for
the Boot Error Record Table (BERT) in APEI and support for
platform-initiated graceful shutdown.
Plus two new pieces of documentation and usual assorted fixes and
cleanups in quite a few places.
Specifics:
- Support for ACPI SSDT overlays allowing Secondary System
Description Tables (SSDTs) to be loaded at any time from EFI
variables or via configfs (Octavian Purdila, Mika Westerberg).
- Support for the ACPI LPI (Low-Power Idle) feature introduced in
ACPI 6.0 and allowing processor idle states to be represented in
ACPI tables in a hierarchical way (with the help of Processor
Container objects) and support for ACPI idle states management on
ARM64, based on LPI (Sudeep Holla).
- General improvements of ACPI support for NUMA and ARM64 support for
ACPI-based NUMA (Hanjun Guo, David Daney, Robert Richter).
- General improvements of the ACPI table upgrade mechanism and ARM64
support for that feature (Aleksey Makarov, Jon Masters).
- Support for the Boot Error Record Table (BERT) in APEI and
improvements of kernel messages printed by the error injection code
(Huang Ying, Borislav Petkov).
- New driver for the Intel Broxton WhiskeyCove PMIC operation region
and support for the REGS operation region on Broxton, PMIC code
cleanups (Bin Gao, Felipe Balbi, Paul Gortmaker).
- New driver for the power participant device which is part of the
Dynamic Power and Thermal Framework (DPTF) and DPTF-related code
reorganization (Srinivas Pandruvada).
- Support for the platform-initiated graceful shutdown feature
introduced in ACPI 6.1 (Prashanth Prakash).
- ACPI button driver update related to lid input events generated
automatically on initialization and system resume that have been
problematic for some time (Lv Zheng).
- ACPI EC driver cleanups (Lv Zheng).
- Documentation of the ACPICA release automation process and the
in-kernel ACPI AML debugger (Lv Zheng).
- New blacklist entry and two fixes for the ACPI backlight driver
(Alex Hung, Arvind Yadav, Ralf Gerbig).
- Cleanups of the ACPI pci_slot driver (Joe Perches, Paul Gortmaker).
- ACPI CPPC code changes to make it more robust against possible
defects in ACPI tables and new symbol definitions for PCC (Hoan
Tran).
- System reboot code modification to execute the ACPI _PTS (Prepare
To Sleep) method in addition to _TTS (Ocean He).
- ACPICA-related change to carry out lock ordering checks in ACPICA
if ACPICA debug is enabled in the kernel (Lv Zheng).
- Assorted minor fixes and cleanups (Andy Shevchenko, Baoquan He,
Bhaktipriya Shridhar, Paul Gortmaker, Rafael Wysocki)"
* tag 'acpi-4.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (71 commits)
ACPI: enable ACPI_PROCESSOR_IDLE on ARM64
arm64: add support for ACPI Low Power Idle(LPI)
drivers: firmware: psci: initialise idle states using ACPI LPI
cpuidle: introduce CPU_PM_CPU_IDLE_ENTER macro for ARM{32, 64}
arm64: cpuidle: drop __init section marker to arm_cpuidle_init
ACPI / processor_idle: Add support for Low Power Idle(LPI) states
ACPI / processor_idle: introduce ACPI_PROCESSOR_CSTATE
ACPI / DPTF: move int340x_thermal.c to the DPTF folder
ACPI / DPTF: Add DPTF power participant driver
ACPI / lpat: make it explicitly non-modular
ACPI / dock: make dock explicitly non-modular
ACPI / PCI: make pci_slot explicitly non-modular
ACPI / PMIC: remove modular references from non-modular code
ACPICA: Linux: Enable ACPI_MUTEX_DEBUG for Linux kernel
ACPI: Rename configfs.c to acpi_configfs.c to prevent link error
ACPI / debugger: Add AML debugger documentation
ACPI: Add documentation describing ACPICA release automation
ACPI: add support for loading SSDTs via configfs
ACPI: add support for configfs
efi / ACPI: load SSTDs from EFI variables
...
Historically a lot of these existed because we did not have
a distinction between what was modular code and what was providing
support to modules via EXPORT_SYMBOL and friends. That changed
when we forked out support for the latter into the export.h file.
This means we should be able to reduce the usage of module.h
in code that is obj-y Makefile or bool Kconfig. The advantage
in doing so is that module.h itself sources about 15 other headers;
adding significantly to what we feed cpp, and it can obscure what
headers we are effectively using.
Since module.h was the source for init.h (for __init) and for
export.h (for EXPORT_SYMBOL) we consider each obj-y/bool instance
for the presence of either and replace as needed. Build testing
revealed some implicit header usage that was fixed up accordingly.
Note that some bool/obj-y instances remain since module.h is
the header for some exception table entry stuff, and for things
like __init_or_module (code that is tossed when MODULES=n).
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160714001901.31603-4-paul.gortmaker@windriver.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Randomizes the virtual address space of kernel memory regions for
x86_64. This first patch adds the infrastructure and does not randomize
any region. The following patches will randomize the physical memory
mapping, vmalloc and vmemmap regions.
This security feature mitigates exploits relying on predictable kernel
addresses. These addresses can be used to disclose the kernel modules
base addresses or corrupt specific structures to elevate privileges
bypassing the current implementation of KASLR. This feature can be
enabled with the CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY option.
The order of each memory region is not changed. The feature looks at the
available space for the regions based on different configuration options
and randomizes the base and space between each. The size of the physical
memory mapping is the available physical memory. No performance impact
was detected while testing the feature.
Entropy is generated using the KASLR early boot functions now shared in
the lib directory (originally written by Kees Cook). Randomization is
done on PGD & PUD page table levels to increase possible addresses. The
physical memory mapping code was adapted to support PUD level virtual
addresses. This implementation on the best configuration provides 30,000
possible virtual addresses in average for each memory region. An
additional low memory page is used to ensure each CPU can start with a
PGD aligned virtual address (for realmode).
x86/dump_pagetable was updated to correctly display each region.
Updated documentation on x86_64 memory layout accordingly.
Performance data, after all patches in the series:
Kernbench shows almost no difference (-+ less than 1%):
Before:
Average Optimal load -j 12 Run (std deviation): Elapsed Time 102.63 (1.2695)
User Time 1034.89 (1.18115) System Time 87.056 (0.456416) Percent CPU 1092.9
(13.892) Context Switches 199805 (3455.33) Sleeps 97907.8 (900.636)
After:
Average Optimal load -j 12 Run (std deviation): Elapsed Time 102.489 (1.10636)
User Time 1034.86 (1.36053) System Time 87.764 (0.49345) Percent CPU 1095
(12.7715) Context Switches 199036 (4298.1) Sleeps 97681.6 (1031.11)
Hackbench shows 0% difference on average (hackbench 90 repeated 10 times):
attemp,before,after 1,0.076,0.069 2,0.072,0.069 3,0.066,0.066 4,0.066,0.068
5,0.066,0.067 6,0.066,0.069 7,0.067,0.066 8,0.063,0.067 9,0.067,0.065
10,0.068,0.071 average,0.0677,0.0677
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Popov <alpopov@ptsecurity.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Xiao Guangrong <guangrong.xiao@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466556426-32664-6-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Refer initrd_start, initrd_end directly from drivers/acpi/tables.c.
This allows to use the table upgrade feature in architectures
other than x86. Also this simplifies header files.
The patch renames acpi_table_initrd_init() to acpi_table_upgrade()
(what reflects the purpose of the function) and removes the unneeded
wraps early_acpi_table_init() and early_initrd_acpi_init().
Signed-off-by: Aleksey Makarov <aleksey.makarov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
In arch/x86/kernel/setup.c, the #ifdef kept for CONFIG_ACPI actually is
related to the accessibility of initrd_start/initrd_end, so the stub should
be provided from this source file and should only be dependent on
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD.
Note that when ACPI=n and BLK_DEV_INITRD=y, early_initrd_acpi_init() is
still a stub because of the stub prepared for early_acpi_table_init().
Signed-off-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This patch moves acpi_os_table_override() and
acpi_os_physical_table_override() to tables.c.
Along with the mechanisms, acpi_initrd_initialize_tables() is also moved to
tables.c to form a static function. The following functions are renamed
according to this change:
1. acpi_initrd_override() -> renamed to early_acpi_table_init(), which
invokes acpi_table_initrd_init()
2. acpi_os_physical_table_override() -> which invokes
acpi_table_initrd_override()
3. acpi_initialize_initrd_tables() -> renamed to acpi_table_initrd_scan()
Signed-off-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This reverts commit c4004b02f8.
Sadly, my hope that nobody would actually use the special kernel entries
in /proc/iomem were dashed by kexec. Which reads /proc/iomem explicitly
to find the kernel base address. Nasty.
Anyway, that means we can't do the sane and simple thing and just remove
the entries, and we'll instead have to mask them out based on permissions.
Reported-by: Zhengyu Zhang <zhezhang@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Freeman Zhang <freeman.zhang1992@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Emrah Demir <ed@abdsec.com>
Reported-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's see if anybody even notices. I doubt anybody uses this, and it
does expose addresses that should be randomized, so let's just remove
the code. It's old and traditional, and it used to be cute, but we
should have removed this long ago.
If it turns out anybody notices and this breaks something, we'll have to
revert this, and maybe we'll end up using other approaches instead
(using %pK or similar). But removing unnecessary code is always the
preferred option.
Noted-by: Emrah Demir <ed@abdsec.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull x86 protection key support from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree adds support for a new memory protection hardware feature
that is available in upcoming Intel CPUs: 'protection keys' (pkeys).
There's a background article at LWN.net:
https://lwn.net/Articles/643797/
The gist is that protection keys allow the encoding of
user-controllable permission masks in the pte. So instead of having a
fixed protection mask in the pte (which needs a system call to change
and works on a per page basis), the user can map a (handful of)
protection mask variants and can change the masks runtime relatively
cheaply, without having to change every single page in the affected
virtual memory range.
This allows the dynamic switching of the protection bits of large
amounts of virtual memory, via user-space instructions. It also
allows more precise control of MMU permission bits: for example the
executable bit is separate from the read bit (see more about that
below).
This tree adds the MM infrastructure and low level x86 glue needed for
that, plus it adds a high level API to make use of protection keys -
if a user-space application calls:
mmap(..., PROT_EXEC);
or
mprotect(ptr, sz, PROT_EXEC);
(note PROT_EXEC-only, without PROT_READ/WRITE), the kernel will notice
this special case, and will set a special protection key on this
memory range. It also sets the appropriate bits in the Protection
Keys User Rights (PKRU) register so that the memory becomes unreadable
and unwritable.
So using protection keys the kernel is able to implement 'true'
PROT_EXEC on x86 CPUs: without protection keys PROT_EXEC implies
PROT_READ as well. Unreadable executable mappings have security
advantages: they cannot be read via information leaks to figure out
ASLR details, nor can they be scanned for ROP gadgets - and they
cannot be used by exploits for data purposes either.
We know about no user-space code that relies on pure PROT_EXEC
mappings today, but binary loaders could start making use of this new
feature to map binaries and libraries in a more secure fashion.
There is other pending pkeys work that offers more high level system
call APIs to manage protection keys - but those are not part of this
pull request.
Right now there's a Kconfig that controls this feature
(CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MEMORY_PROTECTION_KEYS) that is default enabled
(like most x86 CPU feature enablement code that has no runtime
overhead), but it's not user-configurable at the moment. If there's
any serious problem with this then we can make it configurable and/or
flip the default"
* 'mm-pkeys-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (38 commits)
x86/mm/pkeys: Fix mismerge of protection keys CPUID bits
mm/pkeys: Fix siginfo ABI breakage caused by new u64 field
x86/mm/pkeys: Fix access_error() denial of writes to write-only VMA
mm/core, x86/mm/pkeys: Add execute-only protection keys support
x86/mm/pkeys: Create an x86 arch_calc_vm_prot_bits() for VMA flags
x86/mm/pkeys: Allow kernel to modify user pkey rights register
x86/fpu: Allow setting of XSAVE state
x86/mm: Factor out LDT init from context init
mm/core, x86/mm/pkeys: Add arch_validate_pkey()
mm/core, arch, powerpc: Pass a protection key in to calc_vm_flag_bits()
x86/mm/pkeys: Actually enable Memory Protection Keys in the CPU
x86/mm/pkeys: Add Kconfig prompt to existing config option
x86/mm/pkeys: Dump pkey from VMA in /proc/pid/smaps
x86/mm/pkeys: Dump PKRU with other kernel registers
mm/core, x86/mm/pkeys: Differentiate instruction fetches
x86/mm/pkeys: Optimize fault handling in access_error()
mm/core: Do not enforce PKEY permissions on remote mm access
um, pkeys: Add UML arch_*_access_permitted() methods
mm/gup, x86/mm/pkeys: Check VMAs and PTEs for protection keys
x86/mm/gup: Simplify get_user_pages() PTE bit handling
...
The protection key can now be just as important as read/write
permissions on a VMA. We need some debug mechanism to help
figure out if it is in play. smaps seems like a logical
place to expose it.
arch/x86/kernel/setup.c is a bit of a weirdo place to put
this code, but it already had seq_file.h and there was not
a much better existing place to put it.
We also use no #ifdef. If protection keys is .config'd out we
will effectively get the same function as if we used the weak
generic function.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160212210227.4F8EB3F8@viggo.jf.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Change e820_reserve_resources() to set 'flags' and 'desc' from
e820 types.
Set E820_RESERVED_KERN and E820_RAM's (System RAM) io resource
type to IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM.
Do the same for "Kernel data", "Kernel code", and "Kernel bss",
which are child nodes of System RAM.
I/O resource descriptor is set to 'desc' for entries that are
(and will be) target ranges of walk_iomem_res() and
region_intersects().
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1453841853-11383-5-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 mm updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- make the debugfs 'kernel_page_tables' file read-only, as it only
has read ops. (Borislav Petkov)
- micro-optimize clflush_cache_range() (Chris Wilson)
- swiotlb enhancements, which fixes certain KVM emulated devices
(Igor Mammedov)
- fix an LDT related debug message (Jan Beulich)
- modularize CONFIG_X86_PTDUMP (Kees Cook)
- tone down an overly alarming warning (Laura Abbott)
- Mark variable __initdata (Rasmus Villemoes)
- PAT additions (Toshi Kani)"
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/mm: Micro-optimise clflush_cache_range()
x86/mm/pat: Change free_memtype() to support shrinking case
x86/mm/pat: Add untrack_pfn_moved for mremap
x86/mm: Drop WARN from multi-BAR check
x86/LDT: Print the real LDT base address
x86/mm/64: Enable SWIOTLB if system has SRAT memory regions above MAX_DMA32_PFN
x86/mm: Introduce max_possible_pfn
x86/mm/ptdump: Make (debugfs)/kernel_page_tables read-only
x86/mm/mtrr: Mark the 'range_new' static variable in mtrr_calc_range_state() as __initdata
x86/mm: Turn CONFIG_X86_PTDUMP into a module
max_possible_pfn will be used for tracking max possible
PFN for memory that isn't present in E820 table and
could be hotplugged later.
By default max_possible_pfn is initialized with max_pfn,
but later it could be updated with highest PFN of
hotpluggable memory ranges declared in ACPI SRAT table
if any present.
Signed-off-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akataria@vmware.com
Cc: fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp
Cc: konrad.wilk@oracle.com
Cc: pbonzini@redhat.com
Cc: revers@redhat.com
Cc: riel@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1449234426-273049-2-git-send-email-imammedo@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Running microcode_init() from setup_arch() is a bad idea because
not even kmalloc() is ready at that point and the loader does
all kinds of allocations and init/registration with various
subsystems.
Make it a late initcall when required facilities are initialized
so that the microcode driver initialization can succeed too.
Reported-and-tested-by: Markus Trippelsdorf <markus@trippelsdorf.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151120112400.GC4028@pd.tnic
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The commit f5f3497cad extended the low identity mapping. However, if
the kernel uses more than 2 GB (VMSPLIT_2G_OPT or VMSPLIT_1G memory
split), the normal memory mapping is overwritten by the low identity
mapping causing a crash. To avoid overwritting, limit the low identity
map to cover only memory before kernel range (PAGE_OFFSET).
Fixes: f5f3497cad "x86/setup: Extend low identity map to cover whole kernel range
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Mazur <krzysiek@podlesie.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1446815916-22105-1-git-send-email-krzysiek@podlesie.net
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Pull RAS changes from Ingo Molnar:
"The main system reliability related changes were from x86, but also
some generic RAS changes:
- AMD MCE error injection subsystem enhancements. (Aravind
Gopalakrishnan)
- Fix MCE and CPU hotplug interaction bug. (Ashok Raj)
- kcrash bootup robustness fix. (Baoquan He)
- kcrash cleanups. (Borislav Petkov)
- x86 microcode driver rework: simplify it by unmodularizing it and
other cleanups. (Borislav Petkov)"
* 'ras-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits)
x86/mce: Add a default case to the switch in __mcheck_cpu_ancient_init()
x86/mce: Add a Scalable MCA vendor flags bit
MAINTAINERS: Unify the microcode driver section
x86/microcode/intel: Move #ifdef DEBUG inside the function
x86/microcode/amd: Remove maintainers from comments
x86/microcode: Remove modularization leftovers
x86/microcode: Merge the early microcode loader
x86/microcode: Unmodularize the microcode driver
x86/mce: Fix thermal throttling reporting after kexec
kexec/crash: Say which char is the unrecognized
x86/setup/crash: Check memblock_reserve() retval
x86/setup/crash: Cleanup some more
x86/setup/crash: Remove alignment variable
x86/setup: Cleanup crashkernel reservation functions
x86/amd_nb, EDAC: Rename amd_get_node_id()
x86/setup: Do not reserve crashkernel high memory if low reservation failed
x86/microcode/amd: Do not overwrite final patch levels
x86/microcode/amd: Extract current patch level read to a function
x86/ras/mce_amd_inj: Inject bank 4 errors on the NBC
x86/ras/mce_amd_inj: Trigger deferred and thresholding errors interrupts
...
Pull EFI changes from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- further EFI code generalization to make it more workable for ARM64
- various extensions, such as 64-bit framebuffer address support,
UEFI v2.5 EFI_PROPERTIES_TABLE support
- code modularization simplifications and cleanups
- new debugging parameters
- various fixes and smaller additions"
* 'core-efi-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits)
efi: Fix warning of int-to-pointer-cast on x86 32-bit builds
efi: Use correct type for struct efi_memory_map::phys_map
x86/efi: Fix kernel panic when CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL is enabled
efi: Add "efi_fake_mem" boot option
x86/efi: Rename print_efi_memmap() to efi_print_memmap()
efi: Auto-load the efi-pstore module
efi: Introduce EFI_NX_PE_DATA bit and set it from properties table
efi: Add support for UEFIv2.5 Properties table
efi: Add EFI_MEMORY_MORE_RELIABLE support to efi_md_typeattr_format()
efifb: Add support for 64-bit frame buffer addresses
efi/arm64: Clean up efi_get_fdt_params() interface
arm64: Use core efi=debug instead of uefi_debug command line parameter
efi/x86: Move efi=debug option parsing to core
drivers/firmware: Make efi/esrt.c driver explicitly non-modular
efi: Use the generic efi.memmap instead of 'memmap'
acpi/apei: Use appropriate pgprot_t to map GHES memory
arm64, acpi/apei: Implement arch_apei_get_mem_attributes()
arm64/mm: Add PROT_DEVICE_nGnRnE and PROT_NORMAL_WT
acpi, x86: Implement arch_apei_get_mem_attributes()
efi, x86: Rearrange efi_mem_attributes()
...
Make CONFIG_MICROCODE a bool. It was practically a bool already anyway,
since early loader was forcing it to =y.
Regardless, there's no real reason to have something be a module which
gets built-in on the majority of installations out there. And its not
like there's noticeable change in functionality - we still can load late
microcode - just the module glue disappears.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1445334889-300-2-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
memblock_reserve() can fail but the crashkernel reservation code
doesn't check that and this can lead the user into believing
that the crashkernel region was actually reserved. Make sure we
check that return value and we exit early with a failure message
in the error case.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Cc: jerry_hoemann@hp.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1445246268-26285-7-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
People reported that when allocating crashkernel memory using
the ",high" and ",low" syntax, there were cases where the
reservation of the high portion succeeds but the reservation of
the low portion fails.
Then kexec can load the kdump kernel successfully, but booting
the kdump kernel fails as there's no low memory.
The low memory allocation for the kdump kernel can fail on large
systems for a couple of reasons. For example, the manually
specified crashkernel low memory can be too large and thus no
adequate memblock region would be found.
Therefore, we try to reserve low memory for the crash kernel
*after* the high memory portion has been allocated. If that
fails, we free crashkernel high memory too and return. The user
can then take measures accordingly.
Tested-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
[ Massage text. ]
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: WANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Cc: jerry_hoemann@hp.com
Cc: yinghai@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1445246268-26285-2-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
On 32-bit systems, the initial_page_table is reused by
efi_call_phys_prolog as an identity map to call
SetVirtualAddressMap. efi_call_phys_prolog takes care of
converting the current CPU's GDT to a physical address too.
For PAE kernels the identity mapping is achieved by aliasing the
first PDPE for the kernel memory mapping into the first PDPE
of initial_page_table. This makes the EFI stub's trick "just work".
However, for non-PAE kernels there is no guarantee that the identity
mapping in the initial_page_table extends as far as the GDT; in this
case, accesses to the GDT will cause a page fault (which quickly becomes
a triple fault). Fix this by copying the kernel mappings from
swapper_pg_dir to initial_page_table twice, both at PAGE_OFFSET and at
identity mapping.
For some reason, this is only reproducible with QEMU's dynamic translation
mode, and not for example with KVM. However, even under KVM one can clearly
see that the page table is bogus:
$ qemu-system-i386 -pflash OVMF.fd -M q35 vmlinuz0 -s -S -daemonize
$ gdb
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234
(gdb) hb *0x02858f6f
Hardware assisted breakpoint 1 at 0x2858f6f
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Breakpoint 1, 0x02858f6f in ?? ()
(gdb) monitor info registers
...
GDT= 0724e000 000000ff
IDT= fffbb000 000007ff
CR0=0005003b CR2=ff896000 CR3=032b7000 CR4=00000690
...
The page directory is sane:
(gdb) x/4wx 0x32b7000
0x32b7000: 0x03398063 0x03399063 0x0339a063 0x0339b063
(gdb) x/4wx 0x3398000
0x3398000: 0x00000163 0x00001163 0x00002163 0x00003163
(gdb) x/4wx 0x3399000
0x3399000: 0x00400003 0x00401003 0x00402003 0x00403003
but our particular page directory entry is empty:
(gdb) x/1wx 0x32b7000 + (0x724e000 >> 22) * 4
0x32b7070: 0x00000000
[ It appears that you can skate past this issue if you don't receive
any interrupts while the bogus GDT pointer is loaded, or if you avoid
reloading the segment registers in general.
Andy Lutomirski provides some additional insight:
"AFAICT it's entirely permissible for the GDTR and/or LDT
descriptor to point to unmapped memory. Any attempt to use them
(segment loads, interrupts, IRET, etc) will try to access that memory
as if the access came from CPL 0 and, if the access fails, will
generate a valid page fault with CR2 pointing into the GDT or
LDT."
Up until commit 23a0d4e8fa ("efi: Disable interrupts around EFI
calls, not in the epilog/prolog calls") interrupts were disabled
around the prolog and epilog calls, and the functional GDT was
re-installed before interrupts were re-enabled.
Which explains why no one has hit this issue until now. ]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
[ Updated changelog. ]
