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x86/kprobes: Fix instruction recovery on optimized path

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Current probed-instruction recovery expects that only breakpoint
instruction modifies instruction. However, since kprobes jump
optimization can replace original instructions with a jump,
that expectation is not enough. And it may cause instruction
decoding failure on the function where an optimized probe
already exists.

This bug can reproduce easily as below:

1) find a target function address (any kprobe-able function is OK)

 $ grep __secure_computing /proc/kallsyms
   ffffffff810c19d0 T __secure_computing

2) decode the function
   $ objdump -d vmlinux --start-address=0xffffffff810c19d0 --stop-address=0xffffffff810c19eb

  vmlinux:     file format elf64-x86-64

Disassembly of section .text:

ffffffff810c19d0 <__secure_computing>:
ffffffff810c19d0:       55                      push   %rbp
ffffffff810c19d1:       48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp
ffffffff810c19d4:       e8 67 8f 72 00          callq
ffffffff817ea940 <mcount>
ffffffff810c19d9:       65 48 8b 04 25 40 b8    mov    %gs:0xb840,%rax
ffffffff810c19e0:       00 00
ffffffff810c19e2:       83 b8 88 05 00 00 01    cmpl $0x1,0x588(%rax)
ffffffff810c19e9:       74 05                   je     ffffffff810c19f0 <__secure_computing+0x20>

3) put a kprobe-event at an optimize-able place, where no
 call/jump places within the 5 bytes.
 $ su -
 # cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
 # echo p __secure_computing+0x9 > kprobe_events

4) enable it and check it is optimized.
 # echo 1 > events/kprobes/p___secure_computing_9/enable
 # cat ../kprobes/list
 ffffffff810c19d9  k  __secure_computing+0x9    [OPTIMIZED]

5) put another kprobe on an instruction after previous probe in
  the same function.
 # echo p __secure_computing+0x12 >> kprobe_events
 bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
 # dmesg | tail -n 1
 [ 1666.500016] Probing address(0xffffffff810c19e2) is not an instruction boundary.

6) however, if the kprobes optimization is disabled, it works.
 # echo 0 > /proc/sys/debug/kprobes-optimization
 # cat ../kprobes/list
 ffffffff810c19d9  k  __secure_computing+0x9
 # echo p __secure_computing+0x12 >> kprobe_events
 (no error)

This is because kprobes doesn't recover the instruction
which is overwritten with a relative jump by another kprobe
when finding instruction boundary.
It only recovers the breakpoint instruction.

This patch fixes kprobes to recover such instructions.

With this fix:

 # echo p __secure_computing+0x9 > kprobe_events
 # echo 1 > events/kprobes/p___secure_computing_9/enable
 # cat ../kprobes/list
 ffffffff810c1aa9  k  __secure_computing+0x9    [OPTIMIZED]
 # echo p __secure_computing+0x12 >> kprobe_events
 # cat ../kprobes/list
 ffffffff810c1aa9  k  __secure_computing+0x9    [OPTIMIZED]
 ffffffff810c1ab2  k  __secure_computing+0x12    [DISABLED]

Changes in v4:
 - Fix a bug to ensure optimized probe is really optimized
   by jump.
 - Remove kprobe_optready() dependency.
 - Cleanup code for preparing optprobe separation.

Changes in v3:
 - Fix a build error when CONFIG_OPTPROBE=n. (Thanks, Ingo!)
   To fix the error, split optprobe instruction recovering
   path from kprobes path.
 - Cleanup comments/styles.

Changes in v2:
 - Fix a bug to recover original instruction address in
   RIP-relative instruction fixup.
 - Moved on tip/master.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com
Cc: systemtap@sourceware.org
Cc: anderson@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120305133209.5982.36568.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This commit is contained in:
Masami Hiramatsu 2012-03-05 22:32:09 +09:00 committed by Ingo Molnar
parent 262760894c
commit 86b4ce3156
1 changed files with 97 additions and 43 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

140
arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c
View File

@ -207,13 +207,15 @@ static int __kprobes can_boost(kprobe_opcode_t *opcodes)
}
}
/* Recover the probed instruction at addr for further analysis. */
static int recover_probed_instruction(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr)
static unsigned long __recover_probed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf,
unsigned long addr)
{
struct kprobe *kp;
kp = get_kprobe((void *)addr);
/* There is no probe, return original address */
if (!kp)
return -EINVAL;
return addr;
/*
* Basically, kp->ainsn.insn has an original instruction.
@ -230,14 +232,76 @@ static int recover_probed_instruction(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr)
*/
memcpy(buf, kp->addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
buf[0] = kp->opcode;
return 0;
return (unsigned long)buf;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_OPTPROBES
static unsigned long __recover_optprobed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf,
unsigned long addr)
{
struct optimized_kprobe *op;
struct kprobe *kp;
long offs;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < RELATIVEJUMP_SIZE; i++) {
kp = get_kprobe((void *)addr - i);
/* This function only handles jump-optimized kprobe */
if (kp && kprobe_optimized(kp)) {
op = container_of(kp, struct optimized_kprobe, kp);
/* If op->list is not empty, op is under optimizing */
if (list_empty(&op->list))
goto found;
}
}
return addr;
found:
/*
* If the kprobe can be optimized, original bytes which can be
* overwritten by jump destination address. In this case, original
* bytes must be recovered from op->optinsn.copied_insn buffer.
*/
memcpy(buf, (void *)addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
if (addr == (unsigned long)kp->addr) {
buf[0] = kp->opcode;
memcpy(buf + 1, op->optinsn.copied_insn, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE);
} else {
offs = addr - (unsigned long)kp->addr - 1;
memcpy(buf, op->optinsn.copied_insn + offs, RELATIVE_ADDR_SIZE - offs);
}
return (unsigned long)buf;
}
#else
static inline unsigned long __recover_optprobed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf,
unsigned long addr)
{
return addr;
}
#endif
/*
* Recover the probed instruction at addr for further analysis.
* Caller must lock kprobes by kprobe_mutex, or disable preemption
* for preventing to release referencing kprobes.
*/
static unsigned long recover_probed_instruction(kprobe_opcode_t *buf,
unsigned long addr)
{
unsigned long __addr;
__addr = __recover_optprobed_insn(buf, addr);
if (__addr != addr)
return __addr;
return __recover_probed_insn(buf, addr);
}
/* Check if paddr is at an instruction boundary */
static int __kprobes can_probe(unsigned long paddr)
{
int ret;
unsigned long addr, offset = 0;
unsigned long addr, __addr, offset = 0;
struct insn insn;
kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
@ -247,26 +311,24 @@ static int __kprobes can_probe(unsigned long paddr)
/* Decode instructions */
addr = paddr - offset;
while (addr < paddr) {
kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)addr);
insn_get_opcode(&insn);
/*
* Check if the instruction has been modified by another
* kprobe, in which case we replace the breakpoint by the
* original instruction in our buffer.
* Also, jump optimization will change the breakpoint to
* relative-jump. Since the relative-jump itself is
* normally used, we just go through if there is no kprobe.
*/
if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
ret = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
if (ret)
/*
* Another debugging subsystem might insert
* this breakpoint. In that case, we can't
* recover it.
*/
return 0;
kernel_insn_init(&insn, buf);
}
__addr = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)__addr);
insn_get_length(&insn);
/*
* Another debugging subsystem might insert this breakpoint.
* In that case, we can't recover it.
*/
if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
return 0;
addr += insn.length;
}
@ -302,21 +364,17 @@ static int __kprobes is_IF_modifier(kprobe_opcode_t *insn)
static int __kprobes __copy_instruction(u8 *dest, u8 *src, int recover)
{
struct insn insn;
int ret;
kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
u8 *orig_src = src; /* Back up original src for RIP calculation */
if (recover)
src = (u8 *)recover_probed_instruction(buf, (unsigned long)src);
kernel_insn_init(&insn, src);
if (recover) {
insn_get_opcode(&insn);
if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
ret = recover_probed_instruction(buf,
(unsigned long)src);
if (ret)
return 0;
kernel_insn_init(&insn, buf);
}
}
insn_get_length(&insn);
/* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint, failed to recover */
if (recover && insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
return 0;
memcpy(dest, insn.kaddr, insn.length);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
@ -337,8 +395,7 @@ static int __kprobes __copy_instruction(u8 *dest, u8 *src, int recover)
* extension of the original signed 32-bit displacement would
* have given.
*/
newdisp = (u8 *) src + (s64) insn.displacement.value -
(u8 *) dest;
newdisp = (u8 *) orig_src + (s64) insn.displacement.value - (u8 *) dest;
BUG_ON((s64) (s32) newdisp != newdisp); /* Sanity check. */
disp = (u8 *) dest + insn_offset_displacement(&insn);
*(s32 *) disp = (s32) newdisp;
@ -1271,8 +1328,7 @@ static int insn_jump_into_range(struct insn *insn, unsigned long start, int len)
/* Decode whole function to ensure any instructions don't jump into target */
static int __kprobes can_optimize(unsigned long paddr)
{
int ret;
unsigned long addr, size = 0, offset = 0;
unsigned long addr, __addr, size = 0, offset = 0;
struct insn insn;
kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
@ -1301,15 +1357,12 @@ static int __kprobes can_optimize(unsigned long paddr)
* we can't optimize kprobe in this function.
*/
return 0;
kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)addr);
insn_get_opcode(&insn);
if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
ret = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
if (ret)
return 0;
kernel_insn_init(&insn, buf);
}
__addr = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)__addr);
insn_get_length(&insn);
/* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint */
if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
return 0;
/* Recover address */
insn.kaddr = (void *)addr;
insn.next_byte = (void *)(addr + insn.length);
@ -1366,6 +1419,7 @@ void __kprobes arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op)
/*
* Copy replacing target instructions
* Target instructions MUST be relocatable (checked inside)
* This is called when new aggr(opt)probe is allocated or reused.
*/
int __kprobes arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe(struct optimized_kprobe *op)
{