From 457c89965399115e5cd8bf38f9c597293405703d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2019 13:08:55 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] treewide: Add SPDX license identifier for missed files

Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which:

 - Have no license information of any form

 - Have EXPORT_.*_SYMBOL_GPL inside which was used in the
   initial scan/conversion to ignore the file

These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:

  GPL-2.0-only

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
---
 arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c                     | 1 +
 arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c                            | 1 +
 arch/arm/mm/nommu.c                              | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c                         | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/mm.c                                | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/p2m.c                               | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S                      | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c                       | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c                       | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/time.c                          | 1 +
 arch/ia64/lib/flush.S                            | 1 +
 arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c                               | 1 +
 arch/ia64/pci/pci.c                              | 1 +
 arch/m68k/kernel/time.c                          | 1 +
 arch/m68k/mac/psc.c                              | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c                   | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c                   | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c               | 1 +
 arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c                    | 1 +
 arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c                    | 1 +
 arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c                  | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c                     | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c                   | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c                      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c           | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c     | 1 +
 arch/sh/mm/init.c                                | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S                      | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c                          | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c             | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c                          | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c                    | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c                   | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/events/amd/core.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/events/intel/core.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c                    | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c                    | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c                      | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c                        | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c             | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c               | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/crash.c                          | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/e820.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/irq.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c                          | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/cpu.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/extable.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/init_32.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/init_64.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/numa.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/pat.c                                | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/tlb.c                                | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/common.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/legacy.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/xen.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c              | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c                | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/debugfs.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/processor_core.c                    | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/scan.c                              | 1 +
 drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/edac/debugfs.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/edac/wq.c                                | 1 +
 drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c                      | 1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-eh.c                             | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-iops.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-lib.c                            | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-probe.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-proc.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c                       | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c                      | 1 +
 drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c                    | 1 +
 drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/md/md-bitmap.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c       | 1 +
 drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c    | 1 +
 drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c                       | 1 +
 drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c                | 1 +
 drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c      | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c       | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c       | 1 +
 drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ras/debugfs.c                            | 1 +
 drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c                   | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/hosts.c                             | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c                   | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/video/console/dummycon.c                 | 1 +
 drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c               | 1 +
 drivers/video/logo/logo.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/xen/dbgp.c                               | 1 +
 drivers/xen/efi.c                                | 1 +
 drivers/xen/events/events_base.c                 | 1 +
 drivers/xen/features.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/xen/manage.c                             | 1 +
 fs/anon_inodes.c                                 | 1 +
 fs/block_dev.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/buffer.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/crypto/hooks.c                                | 1 +
 fs/dcache.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/dcookies.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/direct-io.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/eventfd.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/exec.c                                        | 1 +
 fs/fat/dir.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/fat/file.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/fat/misc.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/file_table.c                                  | 1 +
 fs/fs-writeback.c                                | 1 +
 fs/fs_struct.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/inode.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/libfs.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/lockd/clntlock.c                              | 1 +
 fs/lockd/clntproc.c                              | 1 +
 fs/lockd/svcsubs.c                               | 1 +
 fs/locks.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/nfs/delegation.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/dir.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/nfs/direct.c                                  | 1 +
 fs/nfs/file.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/nfs/namespace.c                               | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs3client.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs4client.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs4session.c                             | 1 +
 fs/nfs/pagelist.c                                | 1 +
 fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c                                | 1 +
 fs/nfs/read.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/nfs/super.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/nfs/write.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/open.c                                        | 1 +
 fs/posix_acl.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/proc/generic.c                                | 1 +
 fs/proc/proc_net.c                               | 1 +
 fs/proc/vmcore.c                                 | 1 +
 fs/splice.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/stack.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/xattr.c                                       | 1 +
 include/linux/percpu-defs.h                      | 1 +
 init/do_mounts.c                                 | 1 +
 init/main.c                                      | 1 +
 init/version.c                                   | 1 +
 kernel/bpf/tnum.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c                        | 1 +
 kernel/cgroup/rstat.c                            | 1 +
 kernel/context_tracking.c                        | 1 +
 kernel/crash_dump.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/dma/swiotlb.c                             | 1 +
 kernel/exit.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/fork.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/freezer.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/hung_task.c                               | 1 +
 kernel/irq_work.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/jump_label.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/kallsyms.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/kthread.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/locking/lockdep.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/locking/mutex.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c                    | 1 +
 kernel/locking/rtmutex.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/notifier.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/panic.c                                   | 1 +
 kernel/pid.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/pid_namespace.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/power/qos.c                               | 1 +
 kernel/printk/printk.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/profile.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/ptrace.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/reboot.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/resource.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/sched/clock.c                             | 1 +
 kernel/sched/core.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/cputime.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/sched/idle.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/isolation.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/sched/wait.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/wait_bit.c                          | 1 +
 kernel/signal.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/smp.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/smpboot.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/stacktrace.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sysctl.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/umh.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/up.c                                      | 1 +
 kernel/user-return-notifier.c                    | 1 +
 kernel/user.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/workqueue.c                               | 1 +
 lib/debug_locks.c                                | 1 +
 lib/fault-inject.c                               | 1 +
 lib/idr.c                                        | 1 +
 lib/interval_tree.c                              | 1 +
 lib/iov_iter.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/math/gcd.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/math/lcm.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/percpu-refcount.c                            | 1 +
 lib/sg_pool.c                                    | 1 +
 lib/string_helpers.c                             | 1 +
 lib/vsprintf.c                                   | 1 +
 mm/backing-dev.c                                 | 1 +
 mm/balloon_compaction.c                          | 1 +
 mm/filemap.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/gup.c                                         | 1 +
 mm/hugetlb.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/list_lru.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/maccess.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/memory.c                                      | 1 +
 mm/memory_hotplug.c                              | 1 +
 mm/mm_init.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/mmap.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/nommu.c                                       | 1 +
 mm/oom_kill.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/page-writeback.c                              | 1 +
 mm/page_alloc.c                                  | 1 +
 mm/readahead.c                                   | 1 +
 mm/swap.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/swapfile.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/truncate.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/util.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/vmalloc.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/vmstat.c                                      | 1 +
 net/bridge/br_vlan.c                             | 1 +
 net/compat.c                                     | 1 +
 net/core/dst.c                                   | 1 +
 net/core/flow_dissector.c                        | 1 +
 net/core/net_namespace.c                         | 1 +
 net/core/netpoll.c                               | 1 +
 net/core/secure_seq.c                            | 1 +
 net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c                    | 1 +
 net/ipv4/ip_output.c                             | 1 +
 net/ipv4/metrics.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv4/netlink.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c                              | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c                         | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c                            | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c                              | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c                             | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c                         | 1 +
 net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c                          | 1 +
 net/ipv6/output_core.c                           | 1 +
 net/mac80211/chan.c                              | 1 +
 net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c                     | 1 +
 net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c                    | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c           | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c              | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c                 | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_log.c                           | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/addr.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/auth.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/clnt.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c                            | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c                           | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/sched.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/socklib.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/stats.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svc.c                                 | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c                            | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcauth.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c                        | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcsock.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/sysctl.c                              | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/timer.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/xdr.c                                 | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/xprt.c                                | 1 +
 net/sysctl_net.c                                 | 1 +
 net/wireless/nl80211.c                           | 1 +
 net/wireless/wext-compat.h                       | 1 +
 net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c                           | 1 +
 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c                            | 1 +
 scripts/genksyms/keywords.c                      | 1 +
 scripts/tags.sh                                  | 1 +
 sound/hda/array.c                                | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_bus.c                             | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_controller.c                      | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_device.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_stream.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c                           | 1 +
 sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c                         | 1 +
 sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c                        | 1 +
 tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S                   | 1 +
 321 files changed, 321 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 86870f40f9a0..71778bb0475b 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c b/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
index 5bf9443cfbaa..d42b93316183 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c b/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
index 7d67c70bbded..24ecf8d30a1e 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
index 17e478928276..1e57692552d9 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <xen/xen.h>
 #include <xen/events.h>
 #include <xen/grant_table.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/mm.c b/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
index e1d44b903dfc..d33b77e9add3 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c b/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
index da2a7044a124..e52950a43f2e 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S b/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
index 2c369bf77c4b..821e68d10598 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * ESI call stub.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
index 5cabb3fd159f..6a52d761854b 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * File:	mca.c
  * Purpose:	Generic MCA handling layer
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
index 7a969f4c3534..58a6337c0690 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file implements the perfmon-2 subsystem which is used
  * to program the IA-64 Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU).
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
index 0464173ea568..9b2331ac10ce 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * System Abstraction Layer (SAL) interface routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
index 7f706d4f84f7..133b63355814 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * SMP Support
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
index 51ec944b036c..d0474a0c67db 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * SMP boot-related support
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
index 9025699049ca..4ecd81b0e8ec 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S b/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
index 9a5a2f9fad13..8573d59c9ed1 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
+++ b/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * Cache flushing routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c b/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
index 5158bd28de05..0714df1b7854 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * TLB support routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c b/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
index 196a0dd7ff97..e308196c2229 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * pci.c - Low-Level PCI Access in IA-64
  *
diff --git a/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c b/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
index 3a8b47f8f97b..c2697a4d4ddd 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c b/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
index 8d547df4e16c..0d0965b19c09 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Apple Peripheral System Controller (PSC)
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
index 634edd3ded38..5d618547ebf0 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * USB block power/access management abstraction.
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
index a7bd32e9831b..3d0d468d93a5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Au1300 media block power gating (VSS)
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
index c1a2daaf300a..8df0ccdc9287 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * bcsr.h -- Db1xxx/Pb1xxx Devboard CPLD registers ("BCSR") abstraction.
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 7c7c902249f2..f2e72094051b 100644
--- a/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Stack trace management functions
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c b/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
index b225033aade6..282b47c2dc27 100644
--- a/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
+++ b/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 6f0b9c8d8052..34bf6d6bf6e8 100644
--- a/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Stack trace management functions
  *
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
index 0417fda13636..50942a1d1a5f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common pmac/prep/chrp pci routines. -- Cort
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
index 3fb9f64f88fd..94517e4a2723 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common prep/pmac/chrp boot and setup code.
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
index 7a1708875d27..e2147d7c9e72 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
index 27ee65b89099..0be212a27254 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * cbe_regs.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
index b5f35cbe9e21..cbee3666da07 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * System call callback functions for SPUs
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
index 6b5dcccae1d3..32224cb489d7 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Miscellaneous procedures for dealing with the PowerMac hardware.
  * Contains support for the backlight.
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
index e0462fedcdb8..94df0a91b46f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *
  * FIXME: Properly make this race free with refcounting etc...
diff --git a/arch/sh/mm/init.c b/arch/sh/mm/init.c
index 5aeb4d7099a1..13c6a6bb5fd9 100644
--- a/arch/sh/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/sh/mm/init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/arch/sh/mm/init.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S b/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
index e4e5b832fcb6..9b3f74706cfb 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 	.align	32
 	.globl	__flushw_user
 	.type	__flushw_user,#function
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
index 8babbeb30adf..060fff95a305 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Pseudo NMI support on sparc64 systems.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2009 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
index b186b7f0f6c4..b32cc5610712 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
index eb978c77c76a..c0886b400dad 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* pcr.c: Generic sparc64 performance counter infrastructure.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2009 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
index e1d965e90e16..c9d41a96468f 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* ptrace.c: Sparc process tracing support.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1996, 2008 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
index dd654e651500..d8eb1d149f9f 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
index 0cd02a64a451..04aa588d5dd1 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* arch/sparc64/kernel/traps.c
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1995,1997,2008,2009,2012 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c b/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
index f15441b07dad..e7d35f60d53f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c b/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
index 546d13e436aa..a5436cee20b1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Per core/cpu state
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
index cb6e076a6d39..a5e5484988fd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Intel Corporation
  * 	Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
index 7b9b49dfc05a..390596b761e3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "SMP alternatives: " fmt
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
index ab6af775f06c..177aa8ef2afa 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Local APIC handling, local APIC timers
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
index fb6a64bd765f..80a405c2048a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/elf.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
index d7f55ad2dfb1..2c57fffebf9b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* cpu_feature_enabled() cannot be used this early */
 #define USE_EARLY_PGTABLE_L5
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
index 5112a50e6486..282916f3b8d8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Machine check handler.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
index 9690ec5c8051..7c8958dee103 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * /dev/mcelog driver
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
index 10a3b0599300..6e2becf547c5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Thermal throttle event support code (such as syslog messaging and rate
  * limiting) that was factored out from x86_64 (mce_intel.c) and i386 (p4.c).
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
index 86e277f8daf4..9356c1c9024d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This only handles 32bit MTRR on 32bit hosts. This is strictly wrong
  * because MTRRs can span up to 40 bits (36bits on most modern x86)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c b/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
index a96ca8584803..576b2e1bfc12 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Architecture specific (i386/x86_64) functions for kexec based crash dumps.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
index 76dd605ee2a3..8f32e705a980 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Low level x86 E820 memory map handling functions.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
index ce243f76bdb7..466fca686fb9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
index 20d8fa7124c7..ef0030e3fe6b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * x86 FPU boot time init code:
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
index 9c459fd1d38e..3c36dd1784db 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xsave/xrstor support.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c b/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
index fb32925a2e62..a0573f2e7763 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/clocksource.h>
 #include <linux/clockchips.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
index 59b5f2ea7c2f..9b68b5b00ac9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common interrupt code for 32 and 64 bit
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
index 05b09896cfaf..4df7705022b9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index f8e1af380cdf..250e4c4ac6d9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
index 4b8ee05dd6ad..a166c960bc9e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* By Ross Biro 1/23/92 */
 /*
  * Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
index 905dae880563..08a5f4a131f5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
index 356dfc555a27..0b29e58f288e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
index 9b9fd4826e7a..6106760de716 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
index 4f0e17b90463..c49f10ffd8cd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
index 89be1be1790c..33b66b5c5aec 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S b/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
index 88acd349911b..75a5a4515fa7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <asm/export.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c b/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
index 2dd1fe13a37b..04967cdce5d1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S b/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
index 9d05572370ed..92748660ba51 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /* Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen */
 
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c b/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
index 9952a01cad24..e0e006f1624e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* 
  * User address space access functions.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/extable.c b/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
index b0a2de8d2f9e..4d75bc656f97 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/extable.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c b/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
index 0d4bdcb84da5..0a1898b8552e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/highmem.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h> /* for totalram_pages */
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c b/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
index 075e568098f2..f265a4316179 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c b/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
index 62fc457f3849..693aaf28d5fe 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/x86_64/mm/init.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c b/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
index dd73d5d74393..4b6423e7bd21 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Re-map IO memory to kernel address space so that we can access it.
  * This is needed for high PCI addresses that aren't mapped in the
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/numa.c b/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
index dfb6c4df639a..e6dad600614c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Common code for 32 and 64-bit NUMA */
 #include <linux/acpi.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c b/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
index daf4d645e537..6a9a77a403c9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
  * Thanks to Ben LaHaise for precious feedback.
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
index 4fe956a63b25..d9fbd4f69920 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Handle caching attributes in page tables (PAT)
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
index 7f61431c75fb..91f6db92554c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/init.h>
 
 #include <linux/mm.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/common.c b/arch/x86/pci/common.c
index d4ec117c1142..9acab6ac28f5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Low-Level PCI Support for PC
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c b/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
index dfbe6ac38830..467311b1eeea 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * legacy.c - traditional, old school PCI bus probing
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/xen.c b/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
index 9112d1cb397b..91220cc25854 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Xen PCI - handle PCI (INTx) and MSI infrastructure calls for PV, HVM and
  * initial domain support. We also handle the DSDT _PRT callbacks for GSI's
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c b/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
index a25a9fd987a9..feb77777c8b8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "efi: " fmt
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c b/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
index 49828c2707ac..b5420371d32d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /**
  * imr.c -- Intel Isolated Memory Region driver
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c b/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
index f1aab8cdb33f..20a064568463 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock_types.h>
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c b/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
index 68bb305b977f..d5ecea3715f8 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * debugfs.c - ACPI debugfs interface to userspace.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c b/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
index 8c0a54d50d0e..f32beb7d7882 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Intel Corporation
  * Copyright (C) 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/scan.c b/drivers/acpi/scan.c
index 566270d0e91a..0e28270b0fd8 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/scan.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/scan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * scan.c - support for transforming the ACPI namespace into individual objects
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c b/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
index 97a14fe47de1..224e3486e9a5 100644
--- a/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
+++ b/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * libata-acpi.c
  * Provides ACPI support for PATA/SATA.
diff --git a/drivers/edac/debugfs.c b/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
index 0a9277228c50..6b8e484db851 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "edac_module.h"
 
 static struct dentry *edac_debugfs;
diff --git a/drivers/edac/wq.c b/drivers/edac/wq.c
index 2a9a11ae2461..d021d287eaec 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/wq.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/wq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "edac_module.h"
 
 static struct workqueue_struct *wq;
diff --git a/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c b/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
index fae2d5c43314..35ed56b9c34f 100644
--- a/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
+++ b/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
index f2f71d71494a..6becf63f9166 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/component.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
index 1c318ad32a8c..38f4ee05285e 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/amba/clcd-regs.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c b/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
index 33a28cde126c..80bc3bf82f4d 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ATAPI support.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c b/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
index 289d16c87b8f..b7c2c0bd18b5 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c b/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
index e1323e058454..2f378213e9b5 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c b/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
index 19763977568c..18c20a7aa0ce 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c b/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
index af5119a73689..d48c17003874 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IDE ioctls handling.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c b/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
index d55e9ebd5628..d1445d74e9c3 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
  *  Copyright (C) 2003		Red Hat
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c b/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
index 30fe3630734f..be65b411ab53 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/ide.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c b/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
index 78cb79eddc8b..7b9f655adbc2 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c b/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
index 4ad824984581..e867129466b0 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994-1998   Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
  *  Copyright (C) 2005, 2007  Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c b/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
index a5dc13576394..0363d73b0be0 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1997-1998	Mark Lord
  *  Copyright (C) 2003		Red Hat
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c b/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
index 17b2e379e872..aab6a10435b6 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	   Michael Cornwell <cornwell@acm.org>
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	   Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c b/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
index eb421883c16d..0b9709b489b7 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c b/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
index 81cf2908c531..83f36f61416e 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c b/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
index 7369bda3442f..3b69e6aa3d88 100644
--- a/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
+++ b/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/ioport.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
index 3a62a46b75c7..c01d41198f5e 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * bitmap.c two-level bitmap (C) Peter T. Breuer (ptb@ot.uc3m.es) 2003
  *
diff --git a/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c b/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
index 6ebcbc6450f5..6c9946a402ee 100644
--- a/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
+++ b/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
index 73dac1d8d4f6..e1eaf1135c7f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
+++ b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ioctl32.c: Conversion between 32bit and 64bit native ioctls.
  *	Separated from fs stuff by Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
diff --git a/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c b/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
index 2c6850ef0e9c..08b5b639d77f 100644
--- a/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
+++ b/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/clk.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
index a611217769f5..18638fb363d8 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/mmc/sdhci-pci-data.h>
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c b/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
index abe13dfe50ad..b9d4145781ca 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Clause 45 PHY support
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c b/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
index fef701bfad62..e9c187946cca 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/kref.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
index c1f422918737..a4d9dd73b258 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of command.
  * It prepares command and sends it to firmware when it is ready.
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
index 51b92b5df119..69029c59a272 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Firmware loading and handling functions.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
index 7586ff681b23..58a1fc433b73 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of RX in wlan driver.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
index 723ba5fd0bfe..aeb481740df6 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of TX in wlan driver.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c b/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
index eec75b97e7ea..2d06b8095a19 100644
--- a/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
+++ b/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #undef DEBUG
 
 /*
diff --git a/drivers/ras/debugfs.c b/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
index 501603057dff..9c1b717efad8 100644
--- a/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
 
 struct dentry *ras_debugfs_dir;
diff --git a/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c b/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
index 18a6f15e313d..2ecd8752b088 100644
--- a/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
+++ b/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/bcd.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/hosts.c b/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
index eaf329db3973..ff0d8c6a8d0c 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  hosts.c Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt
  *          Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 Eric Youngdale
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c b/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
index c3b9befad4e6..1ded7d85027e 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include "sas_internal.h"
 
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
index 8e9680572b9f..bfa569facd5b 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  scsi_error.c Copyright (C) 1997 Eric Youngdale
  *
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
index 840d96fe81bc..57bcd05605bf 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Changes:
  * Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br> 08/23/2000
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
index 0916bd6d22b0..65d0a10c76ad 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1999 Eric Youngdale
  * Copyright (C) 2014 Christoph Hellwig
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
index 7639df91b110..48ee68059fe6 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	scsi_pm.c	Copyright (C) 2010 Alan Stern
  *
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
index 3b119ca0cc0c..dbb206c90ecf 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * scsi_sysfs.c
  *
diff --git a/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c b/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
index 45ad925ad5f8..ff886e99104b 100644
--- a/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
+++ b/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/drivers/video/dummycon.c -- A dummy console driver
  *
diff --git a/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c b/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
index b041eb27a9bf..e2b2062673da 100644
--- a/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
+++ b/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 1998-2009 VIA Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  * Copyright 2001-2008 S3 Graphics, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
diff --git a/drivers/video/logo/logo.c b/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
index 36aa050f9a21..141f15a9a459 100644
--- a/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
+++ b/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 /*
  *  Linux logo to be displayed on boot
diff --git a/drivers/xen/dbgp.c b/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
index 8145a59fd9f6..cfb5de31d860 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/usb.h>
 #include <linux/usb/ehci_def.h>
diff --git a/drivers/xen/efi.c b/drivers/xen/efi.c
index 9243a9051078..89d60f8e3c18 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/efi.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/efi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * EFI support for Xen.
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c b/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
index 084e45882c73..ff9b51055b14 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Xen event channels
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/features.c b/drivers/xen/features.c
index d7d34fdfc993..25c053b09605 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/features.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/features.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /******************************************************************************
  * features.c
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/manage.c b/drivers/xen/manage.c
index 5bb01a62f214..cd046684e0d1 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/manage.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/manage.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Handle extern requests for shutdown, reboot and sysrq
  */
diff --git a/fs/anon_inodes.c b/fs/anon_inodes.c
index 91262c34b797..c2b8663f5b00 100644
--- a/fs/anon_inodes.c
+++ b/fs/anon_inodes.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  fs/anon_inodes.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/block_dev.c b/fs/block_dev.c
index 0f7552a87d54..e6886c93c89d 100644
--- a/fs/block_dev.c
+++ b/fs/block_dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/block_dev.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/buffer.c b/fs/buffer.c
index 0faa41fb4c88..e450c55f6434 100644
--- a/fs/buffer.c
+++ b/fs/buffer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/buffer.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/crypto/hooks.c b/fs/crypto/hooks.c
index 2dc22549d724..bd525f7573a4 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/hooks.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/hooks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/crypto/hooks.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/dcache.c b/fs/dcache.c
index 8136bda27a1f..c435398f2c81 100644
--- a/fs/dcache.c
+++ b/fs/dcache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/dcache.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/dcookies.c b/fs/dcookies.c
index 57bc96435feb..6eeb61100a09 100644
--- a/fs/dcookies.c
+++ b/fs/dcookies.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * dcookies.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/direct-io.c b/fs/direct-io.c
index fbe885d68035..ac7fb19b6ade 100644
--- a/fs/direct-io.c
+++ b/fs/direct-io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/direct-io.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/eventfd.c b/fs/eventfd.c
index 93b1fa7bb298..8aa0ea8c55e8 100644
--- a/fs/eventfd.c
+++ b/fs/eventfd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  fs/eventfd.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index d88584ebf07f..89a500bb897a 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/exec.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/dir.c b/fs/fat/dir.c
index 9d01db37183f..1bda2ab6745b 100644
--- a/fs/fat/dir.c
+++ b/fs/fat/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/dir.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/file.c b/fs/fat/file.c
index 0e3ed79fcc3f..4614c0ba5f1c 100644
--- a/fs/fat/file.c
+++ b/fs/fat/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/file.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/misc.c b/fs/fat/misc.c
index 4fc950bb6433..1e08bd54c5fb 100644
--- a/fs/fat/misc.c
+++ b/fs/fat/misc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/misc.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/file_table.c b/fs/file_table.c
index 3f9c1b452c1d..b07b53f24ff5 100644
--- a/fs/file_table.c
+++ b/fs/file_table.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/file_table.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
index b16645b417d9..e41cbe8e81b9 100644
--- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
+++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/fs-writeback.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fs_struct.c b/fs/fs_struct.c
index be0250788b73..ca639ed967b7 100644
--- a/fs/fs_struct.c
+++ b/fs/fs_struct.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
diff --git a/fs/inode.c b/fs/inode.c
index e9d18b2c3f91..df6542ec3b88 100644
--- a/fs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * (C) 1997 Linus Torvalds
  * (C) 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> (dynamic inode allocation)
diff --git a/fs/libfs.c b/fs/libfs.c
index 4b59b1816efb..7e52e77692ec 100644
--- a/fs/libfs.c
+++ b/fs/libfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	fs/libfs.c
  *	Library for filesystems writers.
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clntlock.c b/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
index 5fb4f8910aab..a5bb3f721a9d 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clntproc.c b/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
index d9c32d1a20c0..62f98225abb3 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c b/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
index 899360ba3b84..0e610f422406 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/locks.c b/fs/locks.c
index 8af49f89ac2f..ec1e4a5df629 100644
--- a/fs/locks.c
+++ b/fs/locks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/locks.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/delegation.c b/fs/nfs/delegation.c
index 8b78274e3e56..0ff3facf81da 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/delegation.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/delegation.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/delegation.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/dir.c b/fs/nfs/dir.c
index 47d445bec8c9..57b6a45576ad 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/dir.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/direct.c b/fs/nfs/direct.c
index 2436bd92bc00..0cb442406168 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/direct.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/direct.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/direct.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/file.c b/fs/nfs/file.c
index 144e183250c3..95dc90570786 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/file.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/namespace.c b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
index 15f099a24c29..9287eb666322 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/namespace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/namespace.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
index 1afdb0f7473f..fb0c425b5d45 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
 #include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
 #include <linux/sunrpc/addr.h>
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
index 3ce246346f02..81b9b6d7927a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
index bcb532def9e2..4145a0138907 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
index 6ec30014a439..6ef5278326b6 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c b/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
index f5ad75fafc3c..c0046c348910 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common NFS I/O  operations for the pnfs file based
  * layout drivers.
diff --git a/fs/nfs/read.c b/fs/nfs/read.c
index c799e540ed1e..c19841c82b6a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/read.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/read.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/read.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/super.c b/fs/nfs/super.c
index d6c687419a81..f88ddac2dcdf 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/super.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/super.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/super.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index bc5bb9323412..059a7c38bc4f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/write.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/open.c b/fs/open.c
index 9c7d724a6f67..b5b80469b93d 100644
--- a/fs/open.c
+++ b/fs/open.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/open.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/posix_acl.c b/fs/posix_acl.c
index 2fd0fde16fe1..84ad1c90d535 100644
--- a/fs/posix_acl.c
+++ b/fs/posix_acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2002,2003 by Andreas Gruenbacher <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/generic.c b/fs/proc/generic.c
index e39bac94dead..64e9ee1b129e 100644
--- a/fs/proc/generic.c
+++ b/fs/proc/generic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * proc/fs/generic.c --- generic routines for the proc-fs
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/proc_net.c b/fs/proc/proc_net.c
index a7b12435519e..76ae278df1c4 100644
--- a/fs/proc/proc_net.c
+++ b/fs/proc/proc_net.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/proc/net.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/vmcore.c b/fs/proc/vmcore.c
index 3fe90443c1bb..7bb96fdd38ad 100644
--- a/fs/proc/vmcore.c
+++ b/fs/proc/vmcore.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	fs/proc/vmcore.c Interface for accessing the crash
  * 				 dump from the system's previous life.
diff --git a/fs/splice.c b/fs/splice.c
index 25212dcca2df..14cb602d9a2f 100644
--- a/fs/splice.c
+++ b/fs/splice.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * "splice": joining two ropes together by interweaving their strands.
  *
diff --git a/fs/stack.c b/fs/stack.c
index 664ed35558bd..4ef2c056269d 100644
--- a/fs/stack.c
+++ b/fs/stack.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/fs_stack.h>
diff --git a/fs/xattr.c b/fs/xattr.c
index 0d6a6a4af861..90dd78f0eb27 100644
--- a/fs/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
   File: fs/xattr.c
 
diff --git a/include/linux/percpu-defs.h b/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
index 1ce8e264a269..a6fabd865211 100644
--- a/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
+++ b/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * linux/percpu-defs.h - basic definitions for percpu areas
  *
diff --git a/init/do_mounts.c b/init/do_mounts.c
index f8c230c77035..2d1ea3028454 100644
--- a/init/do_mounts.c
+++ b/init/do_mounts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index 5a2c69b4d7b3..66a196c5e4c3 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/init/main.c
  *
diff --git a/init/version.c b/init/version.c
index ef4012ec4375..cba341161b58 100644
--- a/init/version.c
+++ b/init/version.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/init/version.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/tnum.c b/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
index 938d41211be7..ca52b9642943 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* tnum: tracked (or tristate) numbers
  *
  * A tnum tracks knowledge about the bits of a value.  Each bit can be either
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
index 68ca5de7ec27..88006be40ea3 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "cgroup-internal.h"
 
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c b/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
index bb95a35e8c2d..ca19b4c8acf5 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "cgroup-internal.h"
 
 #include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
diff --git a/kernel/context_tracking.c b/kernel/context_tracking.c
index 9ad37b9e44a7..be01a4d627c9 100644
--- a/kernel/context_tracking.c
+++ b/kernel/context_tracking.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Context tracking: Probe on high level context boundaries such as kernel
  * and userspace. This includes syscalls and exceptions entry/exit.
diff --git a/kernel/crash_dump.c b/kernel/crash_dump.c
index b64e238b553b..9c23ae074b40 100644
--- a/kernel/crash_dump.c
+++ b/kernel/crash_dump.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
index 6f7619c1f877..13f0cb080a4d 100644
--- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
+++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Dynamic DMA mapping support.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c
index 8361a560cd1d..1803efb2922f 100644
--- a/kernel/exit.c
+++ b/kernel/exit.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/exit.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index b4cba953040a..b2b87d450b80 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/fork.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/freezer.c b/kernel/freezer.c
index b162b74611e4..c0738424bb43 100644
--- a/kernel/freezer.c
+++ b/kernel/freezer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/freezer.c - Function to freeze a process
  *
diff --git a/kernel/hung_task.c b/kernel/hung_task.c
index f108a95882c6..14a625c16cb3 100644
--- a/kernel/hung_task.c
+++ b/kernel/hung_task.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Detect Hung Task
  *
diff --git a/kernel/irq_work.c b/kernel/irq_work.c
index 73288914ed5e..d42acaf81886 100644
--- a/kernel/irq_work.c
+++ b/kernel/irq_work.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
  *
diff --git a/kernel/jump_label.c b/kernel/jump_label.c
index de6efdecc70d..0bfa10f4410c 100644
--- a/kernel/jump_label.c
+++ b/kernel/jump_label.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * jump label support
  *
diff --git a/kernel/kallsyms.c b/kernel/kallsyms.c
index 14934afa9e68..95a260f9214b 100644
--- a/kernel/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/kallsyms.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kallsyms.c: in-kernel printing of symbolic oopses and stack traces.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/kthread.c b/kernel/kthread.c
index be4e8795561a..621467c33fef 100644
--- a/kernel/kthread.c
+++ b/kernel/kthread.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Kernel thread helper functions.
  *   Copyright (C) 2004 IBM Corporation, Rusty Russell.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/lockdep.c b/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
index d06190fa5082..c47788fa85f9 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/lockdep.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/mutex.c b/kernel/locking/mutex.c
index db578783dd36..0c601ae072b3 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/mutex.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/mutex.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/locking/mutex.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c b/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
index f17dad99eec8..b6a9cc62099a 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
diff --git a/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c b/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
index 978d63a8261c..38fbf9fa7f1b 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * RT-Mutexes: simple blocking mutual exclusion locks with PI support
  *
diff --git a/kernel/notifier.c b/kernel/notifier.c
index bfc95b3e4235..d9f5081d578d 100644
--- a/kernel/notifier.c
+++ b/kernel/notifier.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
index b4543a31a495..4d9f55bf7d38 100644
--- a/kernel/panic.c
+++ b/kernel/panic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/panic.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/pid.c b/kernel/pid.c
index 89548d35eefb..e5cad0c7d5dd 100644
--- a/kernel/pid.c
+++ b/kernel/pid.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic pidhash and scalable, time-bounded PID allocator
  *
diff --git a/kernel/pid_namespace.c b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
index aa6e72fb7c08..f54bc7cb6c2d 100644
--- a/kernel/pid_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pid namespaces
  *
diff --git a/kernel/power/qos.c b/kernel/power/qos.c
index 9d22131afc1e..33e3febaba53 100644
--- a/kernel/power/qos.c
+++ b/kernel/power/qos.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This module exposes the interface to kernel space for specifying
  * QoS dependencies.  It provides infrastructure for registration of:
diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
index a6e06fe38e41..1888f6a3b694 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
+++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/printk.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/profile.c b/kernel/profile.c
index 9c08a2c7cb1d..af7c94bf5fa1 100644
--- a/kernel/profile.c
+++ b/kernel/profile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/profile.c
  *  Simple profiling. Manages a direct-mapped profile hit count buffer,
diff --git a/kernel/ptrace.c b/kernel/ptrace.c
index 6f357f4fc859..5710d07e67cf 100644
--- a/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/kernel/ptrace.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/reboot.c b/kernel/reboot.c
index b9e79e8c7226..c4d472b7f1b4 100644
--- a/kernel/reboot.c
+++ b/kernel/reboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/reboot.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/resource.c b/kernel/resource.c
index 8c15f846e8ef..158f04ec1d4f 100644
--- a/kernel/resource.c
+++ b/kernel/resource.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	linux/kernel/resource.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/clock.c b/kernel/sched/clock.c
index e3e3b979f9bd..1152259a4ca0 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/clock.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/clock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sched_clock() for unstable CPU clocks
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 102dfcf0a29a..874c427742a9 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  kernel/sched/core.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/cputime.c b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
index ba4a143bdcf3..2305ce89a26c 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/cputime.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Simple CPU accounting cgroup controller
  */
diff --git a/kernel/sched/idle.c b/kernel/sched/idle.c
index f5516bae0c1b..80940939b733 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/idle.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/idle.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic entry points for the idle threads and
  * implementation of the idle task scheduling class.
diff --git a/kernel/sched/isolation.c b/kernel/sched/isolation.c
index 687302051a27..123ea07a3f3b 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/isolation.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/isolation.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Housekeeping management. Manage the targets for routine code that can run on
  *  any CPU: unbound workqueues, timers, kthreads and any offloadable work.
diff --git a/kernel/sched/wait.c b/kernel/sched/wait.c
index 6eb1f8efd221..fa0f9adfb752 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/wait.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/wait.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic waiting primitives.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c b/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
index c67c6d24adc2..45eba18a2898 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * The implementation of the wait_bit*() and related waiting APIs:
  */
diff --git a/kernel/signal.c b/kernel/signal.c
index a1eb44dc9ff5..d7b9d14ac80d 100644
--- a/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/kernel/signal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/signal.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/smp.c b/kernel/smp.c
index f4cf1b0bb3b8..d155374632eb 100644
--- a/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/kernel/smp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic helpers for smp ipi calls
  *
diff --git a/kernel/smpboot.c b/kernel/smpboot.c
index c230c2dd48e1..2efe1e206167 100644
--- a/kernel/smpboot.c
+++ b/kernel/smpboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common SMP CPU bringup/teardown functions
  */
diff --git a/kernel/stacktrace.c b/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 27bafc1e271e..5667f1da3ede 100644
--- a/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/stacktrace.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 943c89178e3d..7d1008be6173 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sysctl.c: General linux system control interface
  *
diff --git a/kernel/umh.c b/kernel/umh.c
index d937cbad903a..7f255b5a8845 100644
--- a/kernel/umh.c
+++ b/kernel/umh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * umh - the kernel usermode helper
  */
diff --git a/kernel/up.c b/kernel/up.c
index ff536f9cc8a2..483c9962c999 100644
--- a/kernel/up.c
+++ b/kernel/up.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Uniprocessor-only support functions.  The counterpart to kernel/smp.c
  */
diff --git a/kernel/user-return-notifier.c b/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
index 9586b670a5b2..870ecd7c63ed 100644
--- a/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
+++ b/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/user-return-notifier.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
diff --git a/kernel/user.c b/kernel/user.c
index 88b834f0eebc..78b17e36e705 100644
--- a/kernel/user.c
+++ b/kernel/user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * The "user cache".
  *
diff --git a/kernel/workqueue.c b/kernel/workqueue.c
index 9657315405de..95aea04ff722 100644
--- a/kernel/workqueue.c
+++ b/kernel/workqueue.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/workqueue.c - generic async execution with shared worker pool
  *
diff --git a/lib/debug_locks.c b/lib/debug_locks.c
index ce51749cc145..a75ee30b77cb 100644
--- a/lib/debug_locks.c
+++ b/lib/debug_locks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * lib/debug_locks.c
  *
diff --git a/lib/fault-inject.c b/lib/fault-inject.c
index e26aa4f65eb9..3cb21b2bf088 100644
--- a/lib/fault-inject.c
+++ b/lib/fault-inject.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
diff --git a/lib/idr.c b/lib/idr.c
index cb1db9b8d3f6..c34e256d2f01 100644
--- a/lib/idr.c
+++ b/lib/idr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/interval_tree.c b/lib/interval_tree.c
index c85f6600a5f8..593ce56ece50 100644
--- a/lib/interval_tree.c
+++ b/lib/interval_tree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/interval_tree.h>
 #include <linux/interval_tree_generic.h>
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
diff --git a/lib/iov_iter.c b/lib/iov_iter.c
index f74fa832f3aa..f99c41d4eb54 100644
--- a/lib/iov_iter.c
+++ b/lib/iov_iter.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/bvec.h>
 #include <linux/uio.h>
diff --git a/lib/math/gcd.c b/lib/math/gcd.c
index 7948ab27f0a4..e3b042214d1b 100644
--- a/lib/math/gcd.c
+++ b/lib/math/gcd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/gcd.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/math/lcm.c b/lib/math/lcm.c
index 03d7fcb420b5..6e0b2e736700 100644
--- a/lib/math/lcm.c
+++ b/lib/math/lcm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 #include <linux/gcd.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/percpu-refcount.c b/lib/percpu-refcount.c
index da54318d3b55..071a76c7bac0 100644
--- a/lib/percpu-refcount.c
+++ b/lib/percpu-refcount.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "%s: " fmt "\n", __func__
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/lib/sg_pool.c b/lib/sg_pool.c
index d1c1e6388eaa..cff20df2695e 100644
--- a/lib/sg_pool.c
+++ b/lib/sg_pool.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
 #include <linux/mempool.h>
diff --git a/lib/string_helpers.c b/lib/string_helpers.c
index 29c490e5d478..4403e1924f73 100644
--- a/lib/string_helpers.c
+++ b/lib/string_helpers.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Helpers for formatting and printing strings
  *
diff --git a/lib/vsprintf.c b/lib/vsprintf.c
index 2f003cfe340e..63937044c57d 100644
--- a/lib/vsprintf.c
+++ b/lib/vsprintf.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/backing-dev.c b/mm/backing-dev.c
index 72e6d0c55cfa..909dae445ea7 100644
--- a/mm/backing-dev.c
+++ b/mm/backing-dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
diff --git a/mm/balloon_compaction.c b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
index ef858d547e2d..ba739b76e6c5 100644
--- a/mm/balloon_compaction.c
+++ b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/balloon_compaction.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index c5af80c43d36..df2006ba0cfa 100644
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	linux/mm/filemap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/gup.c b/mm/gup.c
index 2c08248d4fa2..f173fcbaf1b2 100644
--- a/mm/gup.c
+++ b/mm/gup.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
index 81718c56b8f5..ac843d32b019 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic hugetlb support.
  * (C) Nadia Yvette Chambers, April 2004
diff --git a/mm/list_lru.c b/mm/list_lru.c
index 0730bf8ff39f..0bdf3152735e 100644
--- a/mm/list_lru.c
+++ b/mm/list_lru.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2013 Red Hat, Inc. and Parallels Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Authors: David Chinner and Glauber Costa
diff --git a/mm/maccess.c b/mm/maccess.c
index ec00be51a24f..482d4d670f19 100644
--- a/mm/maccess.c
+++ b/mm/maccess.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Access kernel memory without faulting.
  */
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 96f1d473c89a..ddf20bd0c317 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/memory.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
index 328878b6799d..e096c987d261 100644
--- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
+++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/memory_hotplug.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/mm_init.c b/mm/mm_init.c
index 33917105a3a2..5c918388de99 100644
--- a/mm/mm_init.c
+++ b/mm/mm_init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm_init.c - Memory initialisation verification and debugging
  *
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index 2d6a6662edb9..7e8c3e8ae75f 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/mmap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/nommu.c b/mm/nommu.c
index b492fd1fcf9f..d8c02fbe03b5 100644
--- a/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/nommu.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
index 539c91d0b26a..5a58778c91d4 100644
--- a/mm/oom_kill.c
+++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/oom_kill.c
  * 
diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
index 07656485c0e6..bdbe8b6b1225 100644
--- a/mm/page-writeback.c
+++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/page-writeback.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 3b13d3914176..d66bc8abe0af 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/page_alloc.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/readahead.c b/mm/readahead.c
index a4593654a26c..2fe72cd29b47 100644
--- a/mm/readahead.c
+++ b/mm/readahead.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/readahead.c - address_space-level file readahead.
  *
diff --git a/mm/swap.c b/mm/swap.c
index 3a75722e68a9..7ede3eddc12a 100644
--- a/mm/swap.c
+++ b/mm/swap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/swap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index cf63b5f01adf..596ac98051c5 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/swapfile.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/truncate.c b/mm/truncate.c
index b7d3c99f00c9..8563339041f6 100644
--- a/mm/truncate.c
+++ b/mm/truncate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/truncate.c - code for taking down pages from address_spaces
  *
diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
index e2e4f8c3fa12..91682a2090ee 100644
--- a/mm/util.c
+++ b/mm/util.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/mm/vmalloc.c b/mm/vmalloc.c
index c42872ed82ac..233af6936c93 100644
--- a/mm/vmalloc.c
+++ b/mm/vmalloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/vmalloc.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/vmstat.c b/mm/vmstat.c
index a7d493366a65..fd7e16ca6996 100644
--- a/mm/vmstat.c
+++ b/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/vmstat.c
  *
diff --git a/net/bridge/br_vlan.c b/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
index 2db63997f313..f47f526b4f19 100644
--- a/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
+++ b/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
diff --git a/net/compat.c b/net/compat.c
index a031bd333092..3f9ce609397f 100644
--- a/net/compat.c
+++ b/net/compat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * 32bit Socket syscall emulation. Based on arch/sparc64/kernel/sys_sparc32.c.
  *
diff --git a/net/core/dst.c b/net/core/dst.c
index 1f13d90cd0e4..e46366228eaf 100644
--- a/net/core/dst.c
+++ b/net/core/dst.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * net/core/dst.c	Protocol independent destination cache.
  *
diff --git a/net/core/flow_dissector.c b/net/core/flow_dissector.c
index 548f39dde307..edd622956083 100644
--- a/net/core/flow_dissector.c
+++ b/net/core/flow_dissector.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/net/core/net_namespace.c b/net/core/net_namespace.c
index 711b161505ac..15f68842ac6b 100644
--- a/net/core/net_namespace.c
+++ b/net/core/net_namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
diff --git a/net/core/netpoll.c b/net/core/netpoll.c
index a0f05416657b..dd8b1a460d64 100644
--- a/net/core/netpoll.c
+++ b/net/core/netpoll.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common framework for low-level network console, dump, and debugger code
  *
diff --git a/net/core/secure_seq.c b/net/core/secure_seq.c
index af6ad467ed61..7b6b1d2c3d10 100644
--- a/net/core/secure_seq.c
+++ b/net/core/secure_seq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2016 Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>. All Rights Reserved.
  */
diff --git a/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c b/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
index 88c5069b5d20..c411c87ae865 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/ip_output.c b/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
index ac880beda8a7..bfd0ca554977 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/metrics.c b/net/ipv4/metrics.c
index ca9a5fefdefa..3205d5f7c8c9 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/metrics.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/metrics.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netlink.c b/net/ipv4/netlink.c
index d8e3a1fb8e82..b920e1bdcf58 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netlink.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
index bc6c02f16243..e1862b64a90f 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pluggable TCP congestion control support and newReno
  * congestion control.
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
index 9c2a0d36fb20..7c35731816e2 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
index 0c4ed66dc1bf..f429e856e263 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
index baed2186c7c6..0de693565963 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <net/tcp.h>
 
 /* The bandwidth estimator estimates the rate at which the network
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
index 2ac23da42dd2..5bad937ce779 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
index 95df7f7f6328..3d8a1d835471 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pluggable TCP upper layer protocol support.
  *
diff --git a/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c b/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
index 763a947e0d14..5b1246635e02 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.
diff --git a/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c b/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
index ae365df8abf7..11a43ee4dd45 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.
diff --git a/net/ipv6/output_core.c b/net/ipv6/output_core.c
index 868ae23dbae1..af36acc1a644 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/output_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/output_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.  These functions are needed by GSO/GRO implementation.
diff --git a/net/mac80211/chan.c b/net/mac80211/chan.c
index d9558ffb8acf..9c94baaf693c 100644
--- a/net/mac80211/chan.c
+++ b/net/mac80211/chan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mac80211 - channel management
  */
diff --git a/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c b/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
index d5be9c25fad6..ff570bff9221 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.h>
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c b/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
index 0df17caa8af6..8e104dff7abc 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define KMSG_COMPONENT "IPVS"
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
index ee9ab10a32e4..c2eb365f1723 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ip_conntrack_proto_gre.c - Version 3.0
  *
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
index 9da303461069..dc21a43cd145 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter.h>
 #include <net/tcp.h>
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
index 0d603e20b519..96825e20368f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_log.c b/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
index a61d6df6e5f6..3574a212bdc2 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/addr.c b/net/sunrpc/addr.c
index 2e0a6f92e563..d024af4be85e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/addr.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/addr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/auth.c b/net/sunrpc/auth.c
index e7861026b9e5..cdb05b48de44 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/auth.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/auth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/auth.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
index c1f1afabd024..d6e57da56c94 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c b/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
index 979d23646e33..126d31472a99 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c b/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
index 2277b7cdad27..4a020b688860 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * In-kernel rpcbind client supporting versions 2, 3, and 4 of the rpcbind
  * protocol
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/sched.c b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
index 1a12fb03e611..bb04ae52803a 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/sched.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/sched.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/socklib.c b/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
index 9faea12624a6..1a864f1ed119 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/stats.c b/net/sunrpc/stats.c
index 71166b393732..2b6dc7e5f74f 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/stats.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/stats.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/stats.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svc.c b/net/sunrpc/svc.c
index 2be827820247..e15cb704453e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svc.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svc.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c b/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
index 9429b28e9ba0..869ce7737997 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c b/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
index 775b8c94265b..550b214cb001 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c b/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
index f92ef79c8ea5..5c04ba7d456b 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c b/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
index 540fde2804d0..2934dd711715 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c b/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
index 0bea8ff8b0d3..d75f17b56f0e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/timer.c b/net/sunrpc/timer.c
index 08881d0c9672..81ae35b3764f 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/timer.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/timer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/timer.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xdr.c b/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
index aa8177ddcbda..48c93b9e525e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xprt.c b/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
index a9d40bc7ebed..ad21880d5601 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sysctl_net.c b/net/sysctl_net.c
index 9aed6fe1bf1a..d14dab8b6774 100644
--- a/net/sysctl_net.c
+++ b/net/sysctl_net.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* -*- linux-c -*-
  * sysctl_net.c: sysctl interface to net subsystem.
  *
diff --git a/net/wireless/nl80211.c b/net/wireless/nl80211.c
index fffe4b371e23..c391b560d986 100644
--- a/net/wireless/nl80211.c
+++ b/net/wireless/nl80211.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This is the new netlink-based wireless configuration interface.
  *
diff --git a/net/wireless/wext-compat.h b/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
index 94c7405a5413..8d3cc1552e2f 100644
--- a/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
+++ b/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 #ifndef __WEXT_COMPAT
 #define __WEXT_COMPAT
 
diff --git a/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c b/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
index 410233c5681e..7ce1eda4b1f5 100644
--- a/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
+++ b/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xfrm_policy.c
  *
diff --git a/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c b/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
index c5d81316330b..50621d982970 100644
--- a/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
+++ b/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xfrm_state.c
  *
diff --git a/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c b/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
index 9f40bcd17d07..e93336baaaed 100644
--- a/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
+++ b/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 static struct resword {
 	const char *name;
 	int token;
diff --git a/scripts/tags.sh b/scripts/tags.sh
index 70e14c67bde7..d46be47633af 100755
--- a/scripts/tags.sh
+++ b/scripts/tags.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # Generate tags or cscope files
 # Usage tags.sh <mode>
 #
diff --git a/sound/hda/array.c b/sound/hda/array.c
index 5dfa610e4471..a204dcee0034 100644
--- a/sound/hda/array.c
+++ b/sound/hda/array.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * generic arrays
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
index 10e5d261fde1..14e57ffd5bc1 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio core bus driver
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
index b2e9454f5816..b02f74528b66 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio controller helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
index 4769f4c03e14..6907dbefd08c 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec core device
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
index 996dbc850224..f399a1552e73 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Regmap support for HD-audio verbs
  *
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
index 76e9b41fcea2..55d53b89ac21 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio stream operations
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
index f21633cd9b38..886cb7811bd6 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HDMI Channel map support helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
index 1ec706ced75c..8272b50b8349 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec driver binding
  * Copyright (c) Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
index c154b19a0c45..fcc34417cbce 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sysfs interface for HD-audio codec
  *
diff --git a/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S b/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
index 9d05572370ed..92748660ba51 100644
--- a/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
+++ b/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /* Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen */
 
 #include <linux/linkage.h>