diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/README b/Documentation/sysctl/README
index 8c3306e01d52..91f54ffa0077 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/README
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/README
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ proc/		<empty>
 sunrpc/		SUN Remote Procedure Call (NFS)
 vm/		memory management tuning
 		buffer and cache management
+user/		Per user per user namespace limits
 
 These are the subdirs I have on my system. There might be more
 or other subdirs in another setup. If you see another dir, I'd
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
index 302b5ed616a6..35e17f748ca7 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
@@ -265,6 +265,13 @@ aio-nr can grow to.
 
 ==============================================================
 
+mount-max:
+
+This denotes the maximum number of mounts that may exist
+in a mount namespace.
+
+==============================================================
+
 
 2. /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
 ----------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/user.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/user.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1291c498f78f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/user.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+Documentation for /proc/sys/user/*	kernel version 4.9.0
+	(c) 2016		Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
+
+==============================================================
+
+This file contains the documetation for the sysctl files in
+/proc/sys/user.
+
+The files in this directory can be used to override the default
+limits on the number of namespaces and other objects that have
+per user per user namespace limits.
+
+The primary purpose of these limits is to stop programs that
+malfunction and attempt to create a ridiculous number of objects,
+before the malfunction becomes a system wide problem.  It is the
+intention that the defaults of these limits are set high enough that
+no program in normal operation should run into these limits.
+
+The creation of per user per user namespace objects are charged to
+the user in the user namespace who created the object and
+verified to be below the per user limit in that user namespace.
+
+The creation of objects is also charged to all of the users
+who created user namespaces the creation of the object happens
+in (user namespaces can be nested) and verified to be below the per user
+limits in the user namespaces of those users.
+
+This recursive counting of created objects ensures that creating a
+user namespace does not allow a user to escape their current limits.
+
+Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/user:
+
+- max_cgroup_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of cgroup namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
+
+- max_ipc_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of ipc namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
+
+- max_mnt_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of mount namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
+
+- max_net_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of network namespaces that any user in the
+  current user namespace may create.
+
+- max_pid_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of pid namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
+
+- max_user_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of user namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
+
+- max_uts_namespaces
+
+  The maximum number of user namespaces that any user in the current
+  user namespace may create.
diff --git a/fs/autofs4/waitq.c b/fs/autofs4/waitq.c
index 431fd7ee3488..e44271dfceb6 100644
--- a/fs/autofs4/waitq.c
+++ b/fs/autofs4/waitq.c
@@ -431,8 +431,8 @@ int autofs4_wait(struct autofs_sb_info *sbi,
 		memcpy(&wq->name, &qstr, sizeof(struct qstr));
 		wq->dev = autofs4_get_dev(sbi);
 		wq->ino = autofs4_get_ino(sbi);
-		wq->uid = current_uid();
-		wq->gid = current_gid();
+		wq->uid = current_real_cred()->uid;
+		wq->gid = current_real_cred()->gid;
 		wq->pid = pid;
 		wq->tgid = tgid;
 		wq->status = -EINTR; /* Status return if interrupted */
diff --git a/fs/mount.h b/fs/mount.h
index 14db05d424f7..d2e25d7b64b3 100644
--- a/fs/mount.h
+++ b/fs/mount.h
@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ struct mnt_namespace {
 	struct mount *	root;
 	struct list_head	list;
 	struct user_namespace	*user_ns;
+	struct ucounts		*ucounts;
 	u64			seq;	/* Sequence number to prevent loops */
 	wait_queue_head_t poll;
 	u64 event;
+	unsigned int		mounts; /* # of mounts in the namespace */
+	unsigned int		pending_mounts;
 };
 
 struct mnt_pcp {
diff --git a/fs/namespace.c b/fs/namespace.c
index 7bb2cda3bfef..db1b5a38864e 100644
--- a/fs/namespace.c
+++ b/fs/namespace.c
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #include "pnode.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 
+/* Maximum number of mounts in a mount namespace */
+unsigned int sysctl_mount_max __read_mostly = 100000;
+
 static unsigned int m_hash_mask __read_mostly;
 static unsigned int m_hash_shift __read_mostly;
 static unsigned int mp_hash_mask __read_mostly;
@@ -899,6 +902,9 @@ static void commit_tree(struct mount *mnt, struct mount *shadows)
 
 	list_splice(&head, n->list.prev);
 
+	n->mounts += n->pending_mounts;
+	n->pending_mounts = 0;
+
 	attach_shadowed(mnt, parent, shadows);
 	touch_mnt_namespace(n);
 }
@@ -1419,11 +1425,16 @@ static void umount_tree(struct mount *mnt, enum umount_tree_flags how)
 		propagate_umount(&tmp_list);
 
 	while (!list_empty(&tmp_list)) {
+		struct mnt_namespace *ns;
 		bool disconnect;
 		p = list_first_entry(&tmp_list, struct mount, mnt_list);
 		list_del_init(&p->mnt_expire);
 		list_del_init(&p->mnt_list);
-		__touch_mnt_namespace(p->mnt_ns);
+		ns = p->mnt_ns;
+		if (ns) {
+			ns->mounts--;
+			__touch_mnt_namespace(ns);
+		}
 		p->mnt_ns = NULL;
 		if (how & UMOUNT_SYNC)
 			p->mnt.mnt_flags |= MNT_SYNC_UMOUNT;
@@ -1840,6 +1851,28 @@ static int invent_group_ids(struct mount *mnt, bool recurse)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int count_mounts(struct mnt_namespace *ns, struct mount *mnt)
+{
+	unsigned int max = READ_ONCE(sysctl_mount_max);
+	unsigned int mounts = 0, old, pending, sum;
+	struct mount *p;
+
+	for (p = mnt; p; p = next_mnt(p, mnt))
+		mounts++;
+
+	old = ns->mounts;
+	pending = ns->pending_mounts;
+	sum = old + pending;
+	if ((old > sum) ||
+	    (pending > sum) ||
+	    (max < sum) ||
+	    (mounts > (max - sum)))
+		return -ENOSPC;
+
+	ns->pending_mounts = pending + mounts;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  *  @source_mnt : mount tree to be attached
  *  @nd         : place the mount tree @source_mnt is attached
@@ -1909,10 +1942,18 @@ static int attach_recursive_mnt(struct mount *source_mnt,
 			struct path *parent_path)
 {
 	HLIST_HEAD(tree_list);
+	struct mnt_namespace *ns = dest_mnt->mnt_ns;
 	struct mount *child, *p;
 	struct hlist_node *n;
 	int err;
 
+	/* Is there space to add these mounts to the mount namespace? */
+	if (!parent_path) {
+		err = count_mounts(ns, source_mnt);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(dest_mnt)) {
 		err = invent_group_ids(source_mnt, true);
 		if (err)
@@ -1949,11 +1990,13 @@ static int attach_recursive_mnt(struct mount *source_mnt,
  out_cleanup_ids:
 	while (!hlist_empty(&tree_list)) {
 		child = hlist_entry(tree_list.first, struct mount, mnt_hash);
+		child->mnt_parent->mnt_ns->pending_mounts = 0;
 		umount_tree(child, UMOUNT_SYNC);
 	}
 	unlock_mount_hash();
 	cleanup_group_ids(source_mnt, NULL);
  out:
+	ns->pending_mounts = 0;
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -2719,9 +2762,20 @@ long do_mount(const char *dev_name, const char __user *dir_name,
 	return retval;
 }
 
+static struct ucounts *inc_mnt_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_MNT_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_mnt_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_MNT_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static void free_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *ns)
 {
 	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
+	dec_mnt_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
 	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
 	kfree(ns);
 }
@@ -2738,14 +2792,22 @@ static atomic64_t mnt_ns_seq = ATOMIC64_INIT(1);
 static struct mnt_namespace *alloc_mnt_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns)
 {
 	struct mnt_namespace *new_ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	int ret;
 
+	ucounts = inc_mnt_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
+
 	new_ns = kmalloc(sizeof(struct mnt_namespace), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!new_ns)
+	if (!new_ns) {
+		dec_mnt_namespaces(ucounts);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
 	ret = ns_alloc_inum(&new_ns->ns);
 	if (ret) {
 		kfree(new_ns);
+		dec_mnt_namespaces(ucounts);
 		return ERR_PTR(ret);
 	}
 	new_ns->ns.ops = &mntns_operations;
@@ -2756,6 +2818,9 @@ static struct mnt_namespace *alloc_mnt_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns)
 	init_waitqueue_head(&new_ns->poll);
 	new_ns->event = 0;
 	new_ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
+	new_ns->ucounts = ucounts;
+	new_ns->mounts = 0;
+	new_ns->pending_mounts = 0;
 	return new_ns;
 }
 
@@ -2805,6 +2870,7 @@ struct mnt_namespace *copy_mnt_ns(unsigned long flags, struct mnt_namespace *ns,
 	q = new;
 	while (p) {
 		q->mnt_ns = new_ns;
+		new_ns->mounts++;
 		if (new_fs) {
 			if (&p->mnt == new_fs->root.mnt) {
 				new_fs->root.mnt = mntget(&q->mnt);
@@ -2843,6 +2909,7 @@ static struct mnt_namespace *create_mnt_ns(struct vfsmount *m)
 		struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
 		mnt->mnt_ns = new_ns;
 		new_ns->root = mnt;
+		new_ns->mounts++;
 		list_add(&mnt->mnt_list, &new_ns->list);
 	} else {
 		mntput(m);
@@ -3348,10 +3415,16 @@ static int mntns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *mntns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_mnt_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations mntns_operations = {
 	.name		= "mnt",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWNS,
 	.get		= mntns_get,
 	.put		= mntns_put,
 	.install	= mntns_install,
+	.owner		= mntns_owner,
 };
diff --git a/fs/nsfs.c b/fs/nsfs.c
index 8f20d6016e20..30bb10034120 100644
--- a/fs/nsfs.c
+++ b/fs/nsfs.c
@@ -5,11 +5,16 @@
 #include <linux/magic.h>
 #include <linux/ktime.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
+#include <linux/nsfs.h>
 
 static struct vfsmount *nsfs_mnt;
 
+static long ns_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int ioctl,
+			unsigned long arg);
 static const struct file_operations ns_file_operations = {
 	.llseek		= no_llseek,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = ns_ioctl,
 };
 
 static char *ns_dname(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, int buflen)
@@ -44,22 +49,14 @@ static void nsfs_evict(struct inode *inode)
 	ns->ops->put(ns);
 }
 
-void *ns_get_path(struct path *path, struct task_struct *task,
-			const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops)
+static void *__ns_get_path(struct path *path, struct ns_common *ns)
 {
-	struct vfsmount *mnt = mntget(nsfs_mnt);
+	struct vfsmount *mnt = nsfs_mnt;
 	struct qstr qname = { .name = "", };
 	struct dentry *dentry;
 	struct inode *inode;
-	struct ns_common *ns;
 	unsigned long d;
 
-again:
-	ns = ns_ops->get(task);
-	if (!ns) {
-		mntput(mnt);
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
-	}
 	rcu_read_lock();
 	d = atomic_long_read(&ns->stashed);
 	if (!d)
@@ -68,17 +65,16 @@ void *ns_get_path(struct path *path, struct task_struct *task,
 	if (!lockref_get_not_dead(&dentry->d_lockref))
 		goto slow;
 	rcu_read_unlock();
-	ns_ops->put(ns);
+	ns->ops->put(ns);
 got_it:
-	path->mnt = mnt;
+	path->mnt = mntget(mnt);
 	path->dentry = dentry;
 	return NULL;
 slow:
 	rcu_read_unlock();
 	inode = new_inode_pseudo(mnt->mnt_sb);
 	if (!inode) {
-		ns_ops->put(ns);
-		mntput(mnt);
+		ns->ops->put(ns);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	}
 	inode->i_ino = ns->inum;
@@ -91,21 +87,96 @@ void *ns_get_path(struct path *path, struct task_struct *task,
 	dentry = d_alloc_pseudo(mnt->mnt_sb, &qname);
 	if (!dentry) {
 		iput(inode);
-		mntput(mnt);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	}
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
-	dentry->d_fsdata = (void *)ns_ops;
+	dentry->d_fsdata = (void *)ns->ops;
 	d = atomic_long_cmpxchg(&ns->stashed, 0, (unsigned long)dentry);
 	if (d) {
 		d_delete(dentry);	/* make sure ->d_prune() does nothing */
 		dput(dentry);
 		cpu_relax();
-		goto again;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN);
 	}
 	goto got_it;
 }
 
+void *ns_get_path(struct path *path, struct task_struct *task,
+			const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops)
+{
+	struct ns_common *ns;
+	void *ret;
+
+again:
+	ns = ns_ops->get(task);
+	if (!ns)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+
+	ret = __ns_get_path(path, ns);
+	if (IS_ERR(ret) && PTR_ERR(ret) == -EAGAIN)
+		goto again;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int open_related_ns(struct ns_common *ns,
+		   struct ns_common *(*get_ns)(struct ns_common *ns))
+{
+	struct path path = {};
+	struct file *f;
+	void *err;
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return fd;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct ns_common *relative;
+
+		relative = get_ns(ns);
+		if (IS_ERR(relative)) {
+			put_unused_fd(fd);
+			return PTR_ERR(relative);
+		}
+
+		err = __ns_get_path(&path, relative);
+		if (IS_ERR(err) && PTR_ERR(err) == -EAGAIN)
+			continue;
+		break;
+	}
+	if (IS_ERR(err)) {
+		put_unused_fd(fd);
+		return PTR_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	f = dentry_open(&path, O_RDONLY, current_cred());
+	path_put(&path);
+	if (IS_ERR(f)) {
+		put_unused_fd(fd);
+		fd = PTR_ERR(f);
+	} else
+		fd_install(fd, f);
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static long ns_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int ioctl,
+			unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct ns_common *ns = get_proc_ns(file_inode(filp));
+
+	switch (ioctl) {
+	case NS_GET_USERNS:
+		return open_related_ns(ns, ns_get_owner);
+	case NS_GET_PARENT:
+		if (!ns->ops->get_parent)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		return open_related_ns(ns, ns->ops->get_parent);
+	default:
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	}
+}
+
 int ns_get_name(char *buf, size_t size, struct task_struct *task,
 			const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops)
 {
diff --git a/fs/pnode.c b/fs/pnode.c
index 99899705b105..234a9ac49958 100644
--- a/fs/pnode.c
+++ b/fs/pnode.c
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ static int propagate_one(struct mount *m)
 		read_sequnlock_excl(&mount_lock);
 	}
 	hlist_add_head(&child->mnt_hash, list);
-	return 0;
+	return count_mounts(m->mnt_ns, child);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/fs/pnode.h b/fs/pnode.h
index 0fcdbe7ca648..550f5a8b4fcf 100644
--- a/fs/pnode.h
+++ b/fs/pnode.h
@@ -52,4 +52,5 @@ void mnt_set_mountpoint(struct mount *, struct mountpoint *,
 struct mount *copy_tree(struct mount *, struct dentry *, int);
 bool is_path_reachable(struct mount *, struct dentry *,
 			 const struct path *root);
+int count_mounts(struct mnt_namespace *ns, struct mount *mnt);
 #endif /* _LINUX_PNODE_H */
diff --git a/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c b/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
index 2ed3d71d4767..71025b9e2a4e 100644
--- a/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
+++ b/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sysctl_lock);
 
 static void drop_sysctl_table(struct ctl_table_header *header);
 static int sysctl_follow_link(struct ctl_table_header **phead,
-	struct ctl_table **pentry, struct nsproxy *namespaces);
+	struct ctl_table **pentry);
 static int insert_links(struct ctl_table_header *head);
 static void put_links(struct ctl_table_header *header);
 
@@ -319,11 +319,11 @@ static void sysctl_head_finish(struct ctl_table_header *head)
 }
 
 static struct ctl_table_set *
-lookup_header_set(struct ctl_table_root *root, struct nsproxy *namespaces)
+lookup_header_set(struct ctl_table_root *root)
 {
 	struct ctl_table_set *set = &root->default_set;
 	if (root->lookup)
-		set = root->lookup(root, namespaces);
+		set = root->lookup(root);
 	return set;
 }
 
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ static struct dentry *proc_sys_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
 		goto out;
 
 	if (S_ISLNK(p->mode)) {
-		ret = sysctl_follow_link(&h, &p, current->nsproxy);
+		ret = sysctl_follow_link(&h, &p);
 		err = ERR_PTR(ret);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ static bool proc_sys_link_fill_cache(struct file *file,
 
 	if (S_ISLNK(table->mode)) {
 		/* It is not an error if we can not follow the link ignore it */
-		int err = sysctl_follow_link(&head, &table, current->nsproxy);
+		int err = sysctl_follow_link(&head, &table);
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
 	}
@@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ static struct ctl_dir *xlate_dir(struct ctl_table_set *set, struct ctl_dir *dir)
 }
 
 static int sysctl_follow_link(struct ctl_table_header **phead,
-	struct ctl_table **pentry, struct nsproxy *namespaces)
+	struct ctl_table **pentry)
 {
 	struct ctl_table_header *head;
 	struct ctl_table_root *root;
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ static int sysctl_follow_link(struct ctl_table_header **phead,
 	ret = 0;
 	spin_lock(&sysctl_lock);
 	root = (*pentry)->data;
-	set = lookup_header_set(root, namespaces);
+	set = lookup_header_set(root);
 	dir = xlate_dir(set, (*phead)->parent);
 	if (IS_ERR(dir))
 		ret = PTR_ERR(dir);
diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h
index a4414a11eea7..440a72164a11 100644
--- a/include/linux/cgroup.h
+++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h
@@ -644,6 +644,7 @@ struct cgroup_namespace {
 	atomic_t		count;
 	struct ns_common	ns;
 	struct user_namespace	*user_ns;
+	struct ucounts		*ucounts;
 	struct css_set          *root_cset;
 };
 
diff --git a/include/linux/ipc_namespace.h b/include/linux/ipc_namespace.h
index d10e54f03c09..848e5796400e 100644
--- a/include/linux/ipc_namespace.h
+++ b/include/linux/ipc_namespace.h
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ struct ipc_namespace {
 
 	/* user_ns which owns the ipc ns */
 	struct user_namespace *user_ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 
 	struct ns_common ns;
 };
diff --git a/include/linux/mount.h b/include/linux/mount.h
index 54a594d49733..1172cce949a4 100644
--- a/include/linux/mount.h
+++ b/include/linux/mount.h
@@ -96,4 +96,6 @@ extern void mark_mounts_for_expiry(struct list_head *mounts);
 
 extern dev_t name_to_dev_t(const char *name);
 
+extern unsigned int sysctl_mount_max;
+
 #endif /* _LINUX_MOUNT_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/pid_namespace.h b/include/linux/pid_namespace.h
index 918b117a7cd3..34cce96741bc 100644
--- a/include/linux/pid_namespace.h
+++ b/include/linux/pid_namespace.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ struct pid_namespace {
 	struct fs_pin *bacct;
 #endif
 	struct user_namespace *user_ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	struct work_struct proc_work;
 	kgid_t pid_gid;
 	int hide_pid;
diff --git a/include/linux/proc_ns.h b/include/linux/proc_ns.h
index de0e7719d4c5..12cb8bd81d2d 100644
--- a/include/linux/proc_ns.h
+++ b/include/linux/proc_ns.h
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ struct proc_ns_operations {
 	struct ns_common *(*get)(struct task_struct *task);
 	void (*put)(struct ns_common *ns);
 	int (*install)(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns);
+	struct user_namespace *(*owner)(struct ns_common *ns);
+	struct ns_common *(*get_parent)(struct ns_common *ns);
 };
 
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations netns_operations;
diff --git a/include/linux/sysctl.h b/include/linux/sysctl.h
index ecc3e07c6e63..adf4e51cf597 100644
--- a/include/linux/sysctl.h
+++ b/include/linux/sysctl.h
@@ -158,8 +158,7 @@ struct ctl_table_set {
 
 struct ctl_table_root {
 	struct ctl_table_set default_set;
-	struct ctl_table_set *(*lookup)(struct ctl_table_root *root,
-					   struct nsproxy *namespaces);
+	struct ctl_table_set *(*lookup)(struct ctl_table_root *root);
 	void (*set_ownership)(struct ctl_table_header *head,
 			      struct ctl_table *table,
 			      kuid_t *uid, kgid_t *gid);
diff --git a/include/linux/user_namespace.h b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
index 9217169c64cb..eb209d4523f5 100644
--- a/include/linux/user_namespace.h
+++ b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
@@ -22,6 +22,19 @@ struct uid_gid_map {	/* 64 bytes -- 1 cache line */
 
 #define USERNS_INIT_FLAGS USERNS_SETGROUPS_ALLOWED
 
+struct ucounts;
+
+enum ucount_type {
+	UCOUNT_USER_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_PID_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_UTS_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_IPC_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_NET_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_MNT_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_CGROUP_NAMESPACES,
+	UCOUNT_COUNTS,
+};
+
 struct user_namespace {
 	struct uid_gid_map	uid_map;
 	struct uid_gid_map	gid_map;
@@ -39,10 +52,30 @@ struct user_namespace {
 	struct key		*persistent_keyring_register;
 	struct rw_semaphore	persistent_keyring_register_sem;
 #endif
+	struct work_struct	work;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
+	struct ctl_table_set	set;
+	struct ctl_table_header *sysctls;
+#endif
+	struct ucounts		*ucounts;
+	int ucount_max[UCOUNT_COUNTS];
+};
+
+struct ucounts {
+	struct hlist_node node;
+	struct user_namespace *ns;
+	kuid_t uid;
+	atomic_t count;
+	atomic_t ucount[UCOUNT_COUNTS];
 };
 
 extern struct user_namespace init_user_ns;
 
+bool setup_userns_sysctls(struct user_namespace *ns);
+void retire_userns_sysctls(struct user_namespace *ns);
+struct ucounts *inc_ucount(struct user_namespace *ns, kuid_t uid, enum ucount_type type);
+void dec_ucount(struct ucounts *ucounts, enum ucount_type type);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_NS
 
 static inline struct user_namespace *get_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
@@ -54,12 +87,12 @@ static inline struct user_namespace *get_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
 
 extern int create_user_ns(struct cred *new);
 extern int unshare_userns(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct cred **new_cred);
-extern void free_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns);
+extern void __put_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns);
 
 static inline void put_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
 {
 	if (ns && atomic_dec_and_test(&ns->count))
-		free_user_ns(ns);
+		__put_user_ns(ns);
 }
 
 struct seq_operations;
@@ -73,6 +106,8 @@ extern ssize_t proc_setgroups_write(struct file *, const char __user *, size_t,
 extern int proc_setgroups_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v);
 extern bool userns_may_setgroups(const struct user_namespace *ns);
 extern bool current_in_userns(const struct user_namespace *target_ns);
+
+struct ns_common *ns_get_owner(struct ns_common *ns);
 #else
 
 static inline struct user_namespace *get_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
@@ -106,6 +141,11 @@ static inline bool current_in_userns(const struct user_namespace *target_ns)
 {
 	return true;
 }
+
+static inline struct ns_common *ns_get_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+}
 #endif
 
 #endif /* _LINUX_USER_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/utsname.h b/include/linux/utsname.h
index 5093f58ae192..60f0bb83b313 100644
--- a/include/linux/utsname.h
+++ b/include/linux/utsname.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ struct uts_namespace {
 	struct kref kref;
 	struct new_utsname name;
 	struct user_namespace *user_ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	struct ns_common ns;
 };
 extern struct uts_namespace init_uts_ns;
diff --git a/include/net/net_namespace.h b/include/net/net_namespace.h
index 0933c7455a30..fc4f757107df 100644
--- a/include/net/net_namespace.h
+++ b/include/net/net_namespace.h
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ struct net {
 	struct list_head	exit_list;	/* Use only net_mutex */
 
 	struct user_namespace   *user_ns;	/* Owning user namespace */
+	struct ucounts		*ucounts;
 	spinlock_t		nsid_lock;
 	struct idr		netns_ids;
 
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/nsfs.h b/include/uapi/linux/nsfs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3af617230d1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/nsfs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef __LINUX_NSFS_H
+#define __LINUX_NSFS_H
+
+#include <linux/ioctl.h>
+
+#define NSIO	0xb7
+
+/* Returns a file descriptor that refers to an owning user namespace */
+#define NS_GET_USERNS	_IO(NSIO, 0x1)
+/* Returns a file descriptor that refers to a parent namespace */
+#define NS_GET_PARENT	_IO(NSIO, 0x2)
+
+#endif /* __LINUX_NSFS_H */
diff --git a/ipc/namespace.c b/ipc/namespace.c
index d87e6baa1323..0abdea496493 100644
--- a/ipc/namespace.c
+++ b/ipc/namespace.c
@@ -16,39 +16,61 @@
 
 #include "util.h"
 
+static struct ucounts *inc_ipc_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_IPC_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_ipc_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_IPC_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static struct ipc_namespace *create_ipc_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
 					   struct ipc_namespace *old_ns)
 {
 	struct ipc_namespace *ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	int err;
 
+	err = -ENOSPC;
+	ucounts = inc_ipc_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		goto fail;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
 	ns = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ipc_namespace), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ns == NULL)
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto fail_dec;
 
 	err = ns_alloc_inum(&ns->ns);
-	if (err) {
-		kfree(ns);
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_free;
 	ns->ns.ops = &ipcns_operations;
 
 	atomic_set(&ns->count, 1);
 	ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
+	ns->ucounts = ucounts;
 
 	err = mq_init_ns(ns);
-	if (err) {
-		put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
-		ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
-		kfree(ns);
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_put;
 
 	sem_init_ns(ns);
 	msg_init_ns(ns);
 	shm_init_ns(ns);
 
 	return ns;
+
+fail_put:
+	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
+	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
+fail_free:
+	kfree(ns);
+fail_dec:
+	dec_ipc_namespaces(ucounts);
+fail:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
 
 struct ipc_namespace *copy_ipcs(unsigned long flags,
@@ -96,6 +118,7 @@ static void free_ipc_ns(struct ipc_namespace *ns)
 	msg_exit_ns(ns);
 	shm_exit_ns(ns);
 
+	dec_ipc_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
 	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
 	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
 	kfree(ns);
@@ -165,10 +188,16 @@ static int ipcns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *new)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *ipcns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_ipc_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations ipcns_operations = {
 	.name		= "ipc",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWIPC,
 	.get		= ipcns_get,
 	.put		= ipcns_put,
 	.install	= ipcns_install,
+	.owner		= ipcns_owner,
 };
diff --git a/kernel/Makefile b/kernel/Makefile
index e2ec54e2b952..eb26e12c6c2a 100644
--- a/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/Makefile
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ obj-y     = fork.o exec_domain.o panic.o \
 	    extable.o params.o \
 	    kthread.o sys_ni.o nsproxy.o \
 	    notifier.o ksysfs.o cred.o reboot.o \
-	    async.o range.o smpboot.o
+	    async.o range.o smpboot.o ucount.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_MULTIUSER) += groups.o
 
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup.c
index 9ba28310eab6..44066158f0d1 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup.c
@@ -6328,6 +6328,16 @@ void cgroup_sk_free(struct sock_cgroup_data *skcd)
 
 /* cgroup namespaces */
 
+static struct ucounts *inc_cgroup_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_CGROUP_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_cgroup_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_CGROUP_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static struct cgroup_namespace *alloc_cgroup_ns(void)
 {
 	struct cgroup_namespace *new_ns;
@@ -6349,6 +6359,7 @@ static struct cgroup_namespace *alloc_cgroup_ns(void)
 void free_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
 {
 	put_css_set(ns->root_cset);
+	dec_cgroup_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
 	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
 	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
 	kfree(ns);
@@ -6360,6 +6371,7 @@ struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
 					struct cgroup_namespace *old_ns)
 {
 	struct cgroup_namespace *new_ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	struct css_set *cset;
 
 	BUG_ON(!old_ns);
@@ -6373,6 +6385,10 @@ struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
 	if (!ns_capable(user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
 
+	ucounts = inc_cgroup_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
+
 	/* It is not safe to take cgroup_mutex here */
 	spin_lock_irq(&css_set_lock);
 	cset = task_css_set(current);
@@ -6382,10 +6398,12 @@ struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
 	new_ns = alloc_cgroup_ns();
 	if (IS_ERR(new_ns)) {
 		put_css_set(cset);
+		dec_cgroup_namespaces(ucounts);
 		return new_ns;
 	}
 
 	new_ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
+	new_ns->ucounts = ucounts;
 	new_ns->root_cset = cset;
 
 	return new_ns;
@@ -6436,12 +6454,18 @@ static void cgroupns_put(struct ns_common *ns)
 	put_cgroup_ns(to_cg_ns(ns));
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *cgroupns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_cg_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations cgroupns_operations = {
 	.name		= "cgroup",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
 	.get		= cgroupns_get,
 	.put		= cgroupns_put,
 	.install	= cgroupns_install,
+	.owner		= cgroupns_owner,
 };
 
 static __init int cgroup_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index c060c7e7c247..9a05bd93f8e7 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -418,6 +418,7 @@ int arch_task_struct_size __read_mostly;
 
 void __init fork_init(void)
 {
+	int i;
 #ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN	L1_CACHE_BYTES
@@ -437,6 +438,10 @@ void __init fork_init(void)
 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
 		init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
+
+	for (i = 0; i < UCOUNT_COUNTS; i++) {
+		init_user_ns.ucount_max[i] = max_threads/2;
+	}
 }
 
 int __weak arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst,
diff --git a/kernel/pid_namespace.c b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
index a65ba137fd15..df9e8e9e0be7 100644
--- a/kernel/pid_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
@@ -79,23 +79,36 @@ static void proc_cleanup_work(struct work_struct *work)
 /* MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL is needed for limiting size of 'struct pid' */
 #define MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL 32
 
+static struct ucounts *inc_pid_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_PID_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_pid_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_PID_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static struct pid_namespace *create_pid_namespace(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
 	struct pid_namespace *parent_pid_ns)
 {
 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
 	unsigned int level = parent_pid_ns->level + 1;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	int i;
 	int err;
 
-	if (level > MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL) {
-		err = -EINVAL;
+	err = -ENOSPC;
+	if (level > MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL)
+		goto out;
+	ucounts = inc_pid_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
 		goto out;
-	}
 
 	err = -ENOMEM;
 	ns = kmem_cache_zalloc(pid_ns_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ns == NULL)
-		goto out;
+		goto out_dec;
 
 	ns->pidmap[0].page = kzalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!ns->pidmap[0].page)
@@ -114,6 +127,7 @@ static struct pid_namespace *create_pid_namespace(struct user_namespace *user_ns
 	ns->level = level;
 	ns->parent = get_pid_ns(parent_pid_ns);
 	ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
+	ns->ucounts = ucounts;
 	ns->nr_hashed = PIDNS_HASH_ADDING;
 	INIT_WORK(&ns->proc_work, proc_cleanup_work);
 
@@ -129,6 +143,8 @@ static struct pid_namespace *create_pid_namespace(struct user_namespace *user_ns
 	kfree(ns->pidmap[0].page);
 out_free:
 	kmem_cache_free(pid_ns_cachep, ns);
+out_dec:
+	dec_pid_namespaces(ucounts);
 out:
 	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
@@ -146,6 +162,7 @@ static void destroy_pid_namespace(struct pid_namespace *ns)
 	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
 	for (i = 0; i < PIDMAP_ENTRIES; i++)
 		kfree(ns->pidmap[i].page);
+	dec_pid_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
 	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
 	call_rcu(&ns->rcu, delayed_free_pidns);
 }
@@ -388,12 +405,37 @@ static int pidns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct ns_common *pidns_get_parent(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	struct pid_namespace *active = task_active_pid_ns(current);
+	struct pid_namespace *pid_ns, *p;
+
+	/* See if the parent is in the current namespace */
+	pid_ns = p = to_pid_ns(ns)->parent;
+	for (;;) {
+		if (!p)
+			return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+		if (p == active)
+			break;
+		p = p->parent;
+	}
+
+	return &get_pid_ns(pid_ns)->ns;
+}
+
+static struct user_namespace *pidns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_pid_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_operations = {
 	.name		= "pid",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWPID,
 	.get		= pidns_get,
 	.put		= pidns_put,
 	.install	= pidns_install,
+	.owner		= pidns_owner,
+	.get_parent	= pidns_get_parent,
 };
 
 static __init int pid_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index a13bbdaab47d..a43775c6646c 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
 #include <linux/kexec.h>
 #include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/processor.h>
@@ -1838,6 +1839,14 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
 		.mode		= 0644,
 		.proc_handler	= proc_doulongvec_minmax,
 	},
+	{
+		.procname	= "mount-max",
+		.data		= &sysctl_mount_max,
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(unsigned int),
+		.mode		= 0644,
+		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_minmax,
+		.extra1		= &one,
+	},
 	{ }
 };
 
diff --git a/kernel/ucount.c b/kernel/ucount.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9d20d5dd298a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/ucount.c
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ *  published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the
+ *  License.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/sysctl.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/hash.h>
+#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
+
+#define UCOUNTS_HASHTABLE_BITS 10
+static struct hlist_head ucounts_hashtable[(1 << UCOUNTS_HASHTABLE_BITS)];
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ucounts_lock);
+
+#define ucounts_hashfn(ns, uid)						\
+	hash_long((unsigned long)__kuid_val(uid) + (unsigned long)(ns), \
+		  UCOUNTS_HASHTABLE_BITS)
+#define ucounts_hashentry(ns, uid)	\
+	(ucounts_hashtable + ucounts_hashfn(ns, uid))
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
+static struct ctl_table_set *
+set_lookup(struct ctl_table_root *root)
+{
+	return &current_user_ns()->set;
+}
+
+static int set_is_seen(struct ctl_table_set *set)
+{
+	return &current_user_ns()->set == set;
+}
+
+static int set_permissions(struct ctl_table_header *head,
+				  struct ctl_table *table)
+{
+	struct user_namespace *user_ns =
+		container_of(head->set, struct user_namespace, set);
+	int mode;
+
+	/* Allow users with CAP_SYS_RESOURCE unrestrained access */
+	if (ns_capable(user_ns, CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
+		mode = (table->mode & S_IRWXU) >> 6;
+	else
+	/* Allow all others at most read-only access */
+		mode = table->mode & S_IROTH;
+	return (mode << 6) | (mode << 3) | mode;
+}
+
+static struct ctl_table_root set_root = {
+	.lookup = set_lookup,
+	.permissions = set_permissions,
+};
+
+static int zero = 0;
+static int int_max = INT_MAX;
+#define UCOUNT_ENTRY(name) 				\
+	{						\
+		.procname	= name,			\
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),		\
+		.mode		= 0644,			\
+		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_minmax,	\
+		.extra1		= &zero,		\
+		.extra2		= &int_max,		\
+	}
+static struct ctl_table user_table[] = {
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_user_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_pid_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_uts_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_ipc_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_net_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_mnt_namespaces"),
+	UCOUNT_ENTRY("max_cgroup_namespaces"),
+	{ }
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_SYSCTL */
+
+bool setup_userns_sysctls(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
+	struct ctl_table *tbl;
+	setup_sysctl_set(&ns->set, &set_root, set_is_seen);
+	tbl = kmemdup(user_table, sizeof(user_table), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (tbl) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < UCOUNT_COUNTS; i++) {
+			tbl[i].data = &ns->ucount_max[i];
+		}
+		ns->sysctls = __register_sysctl_table(&ns->set, "user", tbl);
+	}
+	if (!ns->sysctls) {
+		kfree(tbl);
+		retire_sysctl_set(&ns->set);
+		return false;
+	}
+#endif
+	return true;
+}
+
+void retire_userns_sysctls(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
+	struct ctl_table *tbl;
+
+	tbl = ns->sysctls->ctl_table_arg;
+	unregister_sysctl_table(ns->sysctls);
+	retire_sysctl_set(&ns->set);
+	kfree(tbl);
+#endif
+}
+
+static struct ucounts *find_ucounts(struct user_namespace *ns, kuid_t uid, struct hlist_head *hashent)
+{
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry(ucounts, hashent, node) {
+		if (uid_eq(ucounts->uid, uid) && (ucounts->ns == ns))
+			return ucounts;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct ucounts *get_ucounts(struct user_namespace *ns, kuid_t uid)
+{
+	struct hlist_head *hashent = ucounts_hashentry(ns, uid);
+	struct ucounts *ucounts, *new;
+
+	spin_lock(&ucounts_lock);
+	ucounts = find_ucounts(ns, uid, hashent);
+	if (!ucounts) {
+		spin_unlock(&ucounts_lock);
+
+		new = kzalloc(sizeof(*new), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!new)
+			return NULL;
+
+		new->ns = ns;
+		new->uid = uid;
+		atomic_set(&new->count, 0);
+
+		spin_lock(&ucounts_lock);
+		ucounts = find_ucounts(ns, uid, hashent);
+		if (ucounts) {
+			kfree(new);
+		} else {
+			hlist_add_head(&new->node, hashent);
+			ucounts = new;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!atomic_add_unless(&ucounts->count, 1, INT_MAX))
+		ucounts = NULL;
+	spin_unlock(&ucounts_lock);
+	return ucounts;
+}
+
+static void put_ucounts(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&ucounts->count)) {
+		spin_lock(&ucounts_lock);
+		hlist_del_init(&ucounts->node);
+		spin_unlock(&ucounts_lock);
+
+		kfree(ucounts);
+	}
+}
+
+static inline bool atomic_inc_below(atomic_t *v, int u)
+{
+	int c, old;
+	c = atomic_read(v);
+	for (;;) {
+		if (unlikely(c >= u))
+			return false;
+		old = atomic_cmpxchg(v, c, c+1);
+		if (likely(old == c))
+			return true;
+		c = old;
+	}
+}
+
+struct ucounts *inc_ucount(struct user_namespace *ns, kuid_t uid,
+			   enum ucount_type type)
+{
+	struct ucounts *ucounts, *iter, *bad;
+	struct user_namespace *tns;
+	ucounts = get_ucounts(ns, uid);
+	for (iter = ucounts; iter; iter = tns->ucounts) {
+		int max;
+		tns = iter->ns;
+		max = READ_ONCE(tns->ucount_max[type]);
+		if (!atomic_inc_below(&iter->ucount[type], max))
+			goto fail;
+	}
+	return ucounts;
+fail:
+	bad = iter;
+	for (iter = ucounts; iter != bad; iter = iter->ns->ucounts)
+		atomic_dec(&iter->ucount[type]);
+
+	put_ucounts(ucounts);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void dec_ucount(struct ucounts *ucounts, enum ucount_type type)
+{
+	struct ucounts *iter;
+	for (iter = ucounts; iter; iter = iter->ns->ucounts) {
+		int dec = atomic_dec_if_positive(&iter->ucount[type]);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(dec < 0);
+	}
+	put_ucounts(ucounts);
+}
+
+static __init int user_namespace_sysctl_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
+	static struct ctl_table_header *user_header;
+	static struct ctl_table empty[1];
+	/*
+	 * It is necessary to register the user directory in the
+	 * default set so that registrations in the child sets work
+	 * properly.
+	 */
+	user_header = register_sysctl("user", empty);
+	BUG_ON(!user_header);
+	BUG_ON(!setup_userns_sysctls(&init_user_ns));
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+subsys_initcall(user_namespace_sysctl_init);
+
+
diff --git a/kernel/user_namespace.c b/kernel/user_namespace.c
index 68f594212759..86b7854fec8e 100644
--- a/kernel/user_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/user_namespace.c
@@ -29,6 +29,17 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(userns_state_mutex);
 static bool new_idmap_permitted(const struct file *file,
 				struct user_namespace *ns, int cap_setid,
 				struct uid_gid_map *map);
+static void free_user_ns(struct work_struct *work);
+
+static struct ucounts *inc_user_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns, kuid_t uid)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, uid, UCOUNT_USER_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_user_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	return dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_USER_NAMESPACES);
+}
 
 static void set_cred_user_ns(struct cred *cred, struct user_namespace *user_ns)
 {
@@ -62,10 +73,16 @@ int create_user_ns(struct cred *new)
 	struct user_namespace *ns, *parent_ns = new->user_ns;
 	kuid_t owner = new->euid;
 	kgid_t group = new->egid;
-	int ret;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
+	int ret, i;
 
+	ret = -ENOSPC;
 	if (parent_ns->level > 32)
-		return -EUSERS;
+		goto fail;
+
+	ucounts = inc_user_namespaces(parent_ns, owner);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		goto fail;
 
 	/*
 	 * Verify that we can not violate the policy of which files
@@ -73,26 +90,27 @@ int create_user_ns(struct cred *new)
 	 * by verifing that the root directory is at the root of the
 	 * mount namespace which allows all files to be accessed.
 	 */
+	ret = -EPERM;
 	if (current_chrooted())
-		return -EPERM;
+		goto fail_dec;
 
 	/* The creator needs a mapping in the parent user namespace
 	 * or else we won't be able to reasonably tell userspace who
 	 * created a user_namespace.
 	 */
+	ret = -EPERM;
 	if (!kuid_has_mapping(parent_ns, owner) ||
 	    !kgid_has_mapping(parent_ns, group))
-		return -EPERM;
+		goto fail_dec;
 
+	ret = -ENOMEM;
 	ns = kmem_cache_zalloc(user_ns_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!ns)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		goto fail_dec;
 
 	ret = ns_alloc_inum(&ns->ns);
-	if (ret) {
-		kmem_cache_free(user_ns_cachep, ns);
-		return ret;
-	}
+	if (ret)
+		goto fail_free;
 	ns->ns.ops = &userns_operations;
 
 	atomic_set(&ns->count, 1);
@@ -101,18 +119,37 @@ int create_user_ns(struct cred *new)
 	ns->level = parent_ns->level + 1;
 	ns->owner = owner;
 	ns->group = group;
+	INIT_WORK(&ns->work, free_user_ns);
+	for (i = 0; i < UCOUNT_COUNTS; i++) {
+		ns->ucount_max[i] = INT_MAX;
+	}
+	ns->ucounts = ucounts;
 
 	/* Inherit USERNS_SETGROUPS_ALLOWED from our parent */
 	mutex_lock(&userns_state_mutex);
 	ns->flags = parent_ns->flags;
 	mutex_unlock(&userns_state_mutex);
 
-	set_cred_user_ns(new, ns);
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS
 	init_rwsem(&ns->persistent_keyring_register_sem);
 #endif
+	ret = -ENOMEM;
+	if (!setup_userns_sysctls(ns))
+		goto fail_keyring;
+
+	set_cred_user_ns(new, ns);
 	return 0;
+fail_keyring:
+#ifdef CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS
+	key_put(ns->persistent_keyring_register);
+#endif
+	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
+fail_free:
+	kmem_cache_free(user_ns_cachep, ns);
+fail_dec:
+	dec_user_namespaces(ucounts);
+fail:
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int unshare_userns(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct cred **new_cred)
@@ -135,21 +172,30 @@ int unshare_userns(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct cred **new_cred)
 	return err;
 }
 
-void free_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
+static void free_user_ns(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-	struct user_namespace *parent;
+	struct user_namespace *parent, *ns =
+		container_of(work, struct user_namespace, work);
 
 	do {
+		struct ucounts *ucounts = ns->ucounts;
 		parent = ns->parent;
+		retire_userns_sysctls(ns);
 #ifdef CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS
 		key_put(ns->persistent_keyring_register);
 #endif
 		ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
 		kmem_cache_free(user_ns_cachep, ns);
+		dec_user_namespaces(ucounts);
 		ns = parent;
 	} while (atomic_dec_and_test(&parent->count));
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_user_ns);
+
+void __put_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	schedule_work(&ns->work);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__put_user_ns);
 
 static u32 map_id_range_down(struct uid_gid_map *map, u32 id, u32 count)
 {
@@ -1004,12 +1050,37 @@ static int userns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
 	return commit_creds(cred);
 }
 
+struct ns_common *ns_get_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	struct user_namespace *my_user_ns = current_user_ns();
+	struct user_namespace *owner, *p;
+
+	/* See if the owner is in the current user namespace */
+	owner = p = ns->ops->owner(ns);
+	for (;;) {
+		if (!p)
+			return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+		if (p == my_user_ns)
+			break;
+		p = p->parent;
+	}
+
+	return &get_user_ns(owner)->ns;
+}
+
+static struct user_namespace *userns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_user_ns(ns)->parent;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations userns_operations = {
 	.name		= "user",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWUSER,
 	.get		= userns_get,
 	.put		= userns_put,
 	.install	= userns_install,
+	.owner		= userns_owner,
+	.get_parent	= ns_get_owner,
 };
 
 static __init int user_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/utsname.c b/kernel/utsname.c
index 831ea7108232..6976cd47dcf6 100644
--- a/kernel/utsname.c
+++ b/kernel/utsname.c
@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@
 #include <linux/user_namespace.h>
 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
 
+static struct ucounts *inc_uts_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_UTS_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_uts_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_UTS_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static struct uts_namespace *create_uts_ns(void)
 {
 	struct uts_namespace *uts_ns;
@@ -36,18 +46,24 @@ static struct uts_namespace *clone_uts_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
 					  struct uts_namespace *old_ns)
 {
 	struct uts_namespace *ns;
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	int err;
 
+	err = -ENOSPC;
+	ucounts = inc_uts_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		goto fail;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
 	ns = create_uts_ns();
 	if (!ns)
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto fail_dec;
 
 	err = ns_alloc_inum(&ns->ns);
-	if (err) {
-		kfree(ns);
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_free;
 
+	ns->ucounts = ucounts;
 	ns->ns.ops = &utsns_operations;
 
 	down_read(&uts_sem);
@@ -55,6 +71,13 @@ static struct uts_namespace *clone_uts_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
 	ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
 	up_read(&uts_sem);
 	return ns;
+
+fail_free:
+	kfree(ns);
+fail_dec:
+	dec_uts_namespaces(ucounts);
+fail:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -85,6 +108,7 @@ void free_uts_ns(struct kref *kref)
 	struct uts_namespace *ns;
 
 	ns = container_of(kref, struct uts_namespace, kref);
+	dec_uts_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
 	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
 	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
 	kfree(ns);
@@ -130,10 +154,16 @@ static int utsns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *new)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *utsns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_uts_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations utsns_operations = {
 	.name		= "uts",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWUTS,
 	.get		= utsns_get,
 	.put		= utsns_put,
 	.install	= utsns_install,
+	.owner		= utsns_owner,
 };
diff --git a/net/core/net_namespace.c b/net/core/net_namespace.c
index 42bdda0e616b..989434f36f96 100644
--- a/net/core/net_namespace.c
+++ b/net/core/net_namespace.c
@@ -309,6 +309,16 @@ static __net_init int setup_net(struct net *net, struct user_namespace *user_ns)
 
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_NS
+static struct ucounts *inc_net_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
+{
+	return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_NET_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
+static void dec_net_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
+{
+	dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_NET_NAMESPACES);
+}
+
 static struct kmem_cache *net_cachep;
 static struct workqueue_struct *netns_wq;
 
@@ -350,19 +360,27 @@ void net_drop_ns(void *p)
 struct net *copy_net_ns(unsigned long flags,
 			struct user_namespace *user_ns, struct net *old_net)
 {
+	struct ucounts *ucounts;
 	struct net *net;
 	int rv;
 
 	if (!(flags & CLONE_NEWNET))
 		return get_net(old_net);
 
+	ucounts = inc_net_namespaces(user_ns);
+	if (!ucounts)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
+
 	net = net_alloc();
-	if (!net)
+	if (!net) {
+		dec_net_namespaces(ucounts);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
 
 	get_user_ns(user_ns);
 
 	mutex_lock(&net_mutex);
+	net->ucounts = ucounts;
 	rv = setup_net(net, user_ns);
 	if (rv == 0) {
 		rtnl_lock();
@@ -371,6 +389,7 @@ struct net *copy_net_ns(unsigned long flags,
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&net_mutex);
 	if (rv < 0) {
+		dec_net_namespaces(ucounts);
 		put_user_ns(user_ns);
 		net_drop_ns(net);
 		return ERR_PTR(rv);
@@ -443,6 +462,7 @@ static void cleanup_net(struct work_struct *work)
 	/* Finally it is safe to free my network namespace structure */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(net, tmp, &net_exit_list, exit_list) {
 		list_del_init(&net->exit_list);
+		dec_net_namespaces(net->ucounts);
 		put_user_ns(net->user_ns);
 		net_drop_ns(net);
 	}
@@ -1004,11 +1024,17 @@ static int netns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *netns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return to_net_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations netns_operations = {
 	.name		= "net",
 	.type		= CLONE_NEWNET,
 	.get		= netns_get,
 	.put		= netns_put,
 	.install	= netns_install,
+	.owner		= netns_owner,
 };
 #endif
diff --git a/net/sysctl_net.c b/net/sysctl_net.c
index e0c71bd8f7cf..919981324171 100644
--- a/net/sysctl_net.c
+++ b/net/sysctl_net.c
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@
 #endif
 
 static struct ctl_table_set *
-net_ctl_header_lookup(struct ctl_table_root *root, struct nsproxy *namespaces)
+net_ctl_header_lookup(struct ctl_table_root *root)
 {
-	return &namespaces->net_ns->sysctls;
+	return &current->nsproxy->net_ns->sysctls;
 }
 
 static int is_seen(struct ctl_table_set *set)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
index ff9e5f20a5a7..f770dba2a6f6 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ TARGETS += memory-hotplug
 TARGETS += mount
 TARGETS += mqueue
 TARGETS += net
+TARGETS += nsfs
 TARGETS += powerpc
 TARGETS += pstore
 TARGETS += ptrace
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2306054a901a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+TEST_PROGS := owner pidns
+
+CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
+all: owner pidns
+owner: owner.c
+pidns: pidns.c
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) owner pidns
+
+include ../lib.mk
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/owner.c b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/owner.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..437205f8b714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/owner.c
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#define NSIO    0xb7
+#define NS_GET_USERNS   _IO(NSIO, 0x1)
+
+#define pr_err(fmt, ...) \
+		({ \
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d:" fmt ": %m\n", \
+				__func__, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
+			1; \
+		})
+
+int main(int argc, char *argvp[])
+{
+	int pfd[2], ns, uns, init_uns;
+	struct stat st1, st2;
+	char path[128];
+	pid_t pid;
+	char c;
+
+	if (pipe(pfd))
+		return 1;
+
+	pid = fork();
+	if (pid < 0)
+		return pr_err("fork");
+	if (pid == 0) {
+		prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL);
+		if (unshare(CLONE_NEWUTS | CLONE_NEWUSER))
+			return pr_err("unshare");
+		close(pfd[0]);
+		close(pfd[1]);
+		while (1)
+			sleep(1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	close(pfd[1]);
+	if (read(pfd[0], &c, 1) != 0)
+		return pr_err("Unable to read from pipe");
+	close(pfd[0]);
+
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/ns/uts", pid);
+	ns = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (ns < 0)
+		return pr_err("Unable to open %s", path);
+
+	uns = ioctl(ns, NS_GET_USERNS);
+	if (uns < 0)
+		return pr_err("Unable to get an owning user namespace");
+
+	if (fstat(uns, &st1))
+		return pr_err("fstat");
+
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/ns/user", pid);
+	if (stat(path, &st2))
+		return pr_err("stat");
+
+	if (st1.st_ino != st2.st_ino)
+		return pr_err("NS_GET_USERNS returned a wrong namespace");
+
+	init_uns = ioctl(uns, NS_GET_USERNS);
+	if (uns < 0)
+		return pr_err("Unable to get an owning user namespace");
+
+	if (ioctl(init_uns, NS_GET_USERNS) >= 0 || errno != EPERM)
+		return pr_err("Don't get EPERM");
+
+	if (unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER))
+		return pr_err("unshare");
+
+	if (ioctl(ns, NS_GET_USERNS) >= 0 || errno != EPERM)
+		return pr_err("Don't get EPERM");
+	if (ioctl(init_uns, NS_GET_USERNS) >= 0 || errno != EPERM)
+		return pr_err("Don't get EPERM");
+
+	kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+	wait(NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/pidns.c b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/pidns.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ae3a0d68e966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/nsfs/pidns.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#define pr_err(fmt, ...) \
+		({ \
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d:" fmt ": %m\n", \
+				__func__, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
+			1; \
+		})
+
+#define NSIO	0xb7
+#define NS_GET_USERNS   _IO(NSIO, 0x1)
+#define NS_GET_PARENT   _IO(NSIO, 0x2)
+
+#define __stack_aligned__	__attribute__((aligned(16)))
+struct cr_clone_arg {
+	char stack[128] __stack_aligned__;
+	char stack_ptr[0];
+};
+
+static int child(void *args)
+{
+	prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL);
+	while (1)
+		sleep(1);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	char *ns_strs[] = {"pid", "user"};
+	char path[] = "/proc/0123456789/ns/pid";
+	struct cr_clone_arg ca;
+	struct stat st1, st2;
+	int ns, pns, i;
+	pid_t pid;
+
+	pid = clone(child, ca.stack_ptr, CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWPID | SIGCHLD, NULL);
+	if (pid < 0)
+		return pr_err("clone");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/ns/%s", pid, ns_strs[i]);
+		ns = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+		if (ns < 0)
+			return pr_err("Unable to open %s", path);
+
+		pns = ioctl(ns, NS_GET_PARENT);
+		if (pns < 0)
+			return pr_err("Unable to get a parent pidns");
+
+		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/self/ns/%s", ns_strs[i]);
+		if (stat(path, &st2))
+			return pr_err("Unable to stat %s", path);
+		if (fstat(pns, &st1))
+			return pr_err("Unable to stat the parent pidns");
+		if (st1.st_ino != st2.st_ino)
+			return pr_err("NS_GET_PARENT returned a wrong namespace");
+
+		if (ioctl(pns, NS_GET_PARENT) >= 0 || errno != EPERM)
+			return pr_err("Don't get EPERM");;
+	}
+
+	kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+	wait(NULL);
+	return 0;
+}