License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 21:07:57 +07:00
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2014-12-09 22:45:17 +07:00
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#ifndef __LINUX_KBUILD_H
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# error "Please do not build this file directly, build asm-offsets.c instead"
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#endif
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2007-10-11 16:12:08 +07:00
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#include <asm/ucontext.h>
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2016-01-29 06:11:24 +07:00
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#define __SYSCALL_I386(nr, sym, qual) [nr] = 1,
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2011-11-12 07:07:41 +07:00
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static char syscalls[] = {
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#include <asm/syscalls_32.h>
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};
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2007-10-11 16:12:08 +07:00
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/* workaround for a warning with -Wmissing-prototypes */
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void foo(void);
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void foo(void)
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{
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86, cpuinfo_x86, x86);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86_vendor, cpuinfo_x86, x86_vendor);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86_model, cpuinfo_x86, x86_model);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86_mask, cpuinfo_x86, x86_mask);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_cpuid_level, cpuinfo_x86, cpuid_level);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86_capability, cpuinfo_x86, x86_capability);
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OFFSET(CPUINFO_x86_vendor_id, cpuinfo_x86, x86_vendor_id);
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BLANK();
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2008-01-30 19:30:56 +07:00
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OFFSET(PT_EBX, pt_regs, bx);
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OFFSET(PT_ECX, pt_regs, cx);
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OFFSET(PT_EDX, pt_regs, dx);
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OFFSET(PT_ESI, pt_regs, si);
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OFFSET(PT_EDI, pt_regs, di);
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OFFSET(PT_EBP, pt_regs, bp);
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OFFSET(PT_EAX, pt_regs, ax);
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OFFSET(PT_DS, pt_regs, ds);
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OFFSET(PT_ES, pt_regs, es);
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OFFSET(PT_FS, pt_regs, fs);
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2009-02-09 20:17:40 +07:00
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OFFSET(PT_GS, pt_regs, gs);
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2008-01-30 19:30:56 +07:00
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OFFSET(PT_ORIG_EAX, pt_regs, orig_ax);
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OFFSET(PT_EIP, pt_regs, ip);
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OFFSET(PT_CS, pt_regs, cs);
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OFFSET(PT_EFLAGS, pt_regs, flags);
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OFFSET(PT_OLDESP, pt_regs, sp);
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OFFSET(PT_OLDSS, pt_regs, ss);
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2007-10-11 16:12:08 +07:00
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BLANK();
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2013-05-02 08:53:30 +07:00
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OFFSET(saved_context_gdt_desc, saved_context, gdt_desc);
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BLANK();
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2008-01-30 19:31:02 +07:00
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/* Offset from the sysenter stack to tss.sp0 */
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DEFINE(TSS_sysenter_sp0, offsetof(struct tss_struct, x86_tss.sp0) -
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2015-03-09 21:52:18 +07:00
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offsetofend(struct tss_struct, SYSENTER_stack));
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2007-10-11 16:12:08 +07:00
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x86/entry/32: Simplify and fix up the SYSENTER stack #DB/NMI fixup
Right after SYSENTER, we can get a #DB or NMI. On x86_32, there's no IST,
so the exception handler is invoked on the temporary SYSENTER stack.
Because the SYSENTER stack is very small, we have a fixup to switch
off the stack quickly when this happens. The old fixup had several issues:
1. It checked the interrupt frame's CS and EIP. This wasn't
obviously correct on Xen or if vm86 mode was in use [1].
2. In the NMI handler, it did some frightening digging into the
stack frame. I'm not convinced this digging was correct.
3. The fixup didn't switch stacks and then switch back. Instead, it
synthesized a brand new stack frame that would redirect the IRET
back to the SYSENTER code. That frame was highly questionable.
For one thing, if NMI nested inside #DB, we would effectively
abort the #DB prologue, which was probably safe but was
frightening. For another, the code used PUSHFL to write the
FLAGS portion of the frame, which was simply bogus -- by the time
PUSHFL was called, at least TF, NT, VM, and all of the arithmetic
flags were clobbered.
Simplify this considerably. Instead of looking at the saved frame
to see where we came from, check the hardware ESP register against
the SYSENTER stack directly. Malicious user code cannot spoof the
kernel ESP register, and by moving the check after SAVE_ALL, we can
use normal PER_CPU accesses to find all the relevant addresses.
With this patch applied, the improved syscall_nt_32 test finally
passes on 32-bit kernels.
[1] It isn't obviously correct, but it is nonetheless safe from vm86
shenanigans as far as I can tell. A user can't point EIP at
entry_SYSENTER_32 while in vm86 mode because entry_SYSENTER_32,
like all kernel addresses, is greater than 0xffff and would thus
violate the CS segment limit.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/b2cdbc037031c07ecf2c40a96069318aec0e7971.1457578375.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-03-10 10:00:32 +07:00
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/* Offset from cpu_tss to SYSENTER_stack */
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OFFSET(CPU_TSS_SYSENTER_stack, tss_struct, SYSENTER_stack);
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/* Size of SYSENTER_stack */
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DEFINE(SIZEOF_SYSENTER_stack, sizeof(((struct tss_struct *)0)->SYSENTER_stack));
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2016-08-13 23:38:19 +07:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
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BLANK();
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OFFSET(stack_canary_offset, stack_canary, canary);
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#endif
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2011-11-12 07:07:41 +07:00
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BLANK();
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DEFINE(__NR_syscall_max, sizeof(syscalls) - 1);
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DEFINE(NR_syscalls, sizeof(syscalls));
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2007-10-11 16:12:08 +07:00
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}
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