linux_dsm_epyc7002/arch/powerpc/kernel/time.c

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/*
* Common time routines among all ppc machines.
*
* Written by Cort Dougan (cort@cs.nmt.edu) to merge
* Paul Mackerras' version and mine for PReP and Pmac.
* MPC8xx/MBX changes by Dan Malek (dmalek@jlc.net).
* Converted for 64-bit by Mike Corrigan (mikejc@us.ibm.com)
*
* First round of bugfixes by Gabriel Paubert (paubert@iram.es)
* to make clock more stable (2.4.0-test5). The only thing
* that this code assumes is that the timebases have been synchronized
* by firmware on SMP and are never stopped (never do sleep
* on SMP then, nap and doze are OK).
*
* Speeded up do_gettimeofday by getting rid of references to
* xtime (which required locks for consistency). (mikejc@us.ibm.com)
*
* TODO (not necessarily in this file):
* - improve precision and reproducibility of timebase frequency
* measurement at boot time.
* - for astronomical applications: add a new function to get
* non ambiguous timestamps even around leap seconds. This needs
* a new timestamp format and a good name.
*
* 1997-09-10 Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96
* "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
* 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*/
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/param.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/timex.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/clockchips.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/rtc.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
#include <linux/posix-timers.h>
IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlers Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-10-05 20:55:46 +07:00
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq_work.h>
#include <linux/clk-provider.h>
#include <asm/trace.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/nvram.h>
#include <asm/cache.h>
#include <asm/machdep.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/time.h>
#include <asm/prom.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/div64.h>
#include <asm/smp.h>
#include <asm/vdso_datapage.h>
#include <asm/firmware.h>
#include <asm/cputime.h>
/* powerpc clocksource/clockevent code */
#include <linux/clockchips.h>
#include <linux/timekeeper_internal.h>
static cycle_t rtc_read(struct clocksource *);
static struct clocksource clocksource_rtc = {
.name = "rtc",
.rating = 400,
.flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
.mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64),
.read = rtc_read,
};
static cycle_t timebase_read(struct clocksource *);
static struct clocksource clocksource_timebase = {
.name = "timebase",
.rating = 400,
.flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
.mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64),
.read = timebase_read,
};
#define DECREMENTER_MAX 0x7fffffff
static int decrementer_set_next_event(unsigned long evt,
struct clock_event_device *dev);
static int decrementer_shutdown(struct clock_event_device *evt);
struct clock_event_device decrementer_clockevent = {
.name = "decrementer",
.rating = 200,
.irq = 0,
.set_next_event = decrementer_set_next_event,
.set_state_shutdown = decrementer_shutdown,
.tick_resume = decrementer_shutdown,
.features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT |
CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_C3STOP,
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(decrementer_clockevent);
DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, decrementers_next_tb);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct clock_event_device, decrementers);
#define XSEC_PER_SEC (1024*1024)
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC64
#define SCALE_XSEC(xsec, max) (((xsec) * max) / XSEC_PER_SEC)
#else
/* compute ((xsec << 12) * max) >> 32 */
#define SCALE_XSEC(xsec, max) mulhwu((xsec) << 12, max)
#endif
unsigned long tb_ticks_per_jiffy;
unsigned long tb_ticks_per_usec = 100; /* sane default */
EXPORT_SYMBOL(tb_ticks_per_usec);
unsigned long tb_ticks_per_sec;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(tb_ticks_per_sec); /* for cputime_t conversions */
DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rtc_lock);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rtc_lock);
static u64 tb_to_ns_scale __read_mostly;
static unsigned tb_to_ns_shift __read_mostly;
static u64 boot_tb __read_mostly;
extern struct timezone sys_tz;
static long timezone_offset;
unsigned long ppc_proc_freq;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ppc_proc_freq);
unsigned long ppc_tb_freq;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ppc_tb_freq);
cputime: Generic on-demand virtual cputime accounting If we want to stop the tick further idle, we need to be able to account the cputime without using the tick. Virtual based cputime accounting solves that problem by hooking into kernel/user boundaries. However implementing CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING require low level hooks and involves more overhead. But we already have a generic context tracking subsystem that is required for RCU needs by archs which plan to shut down the tick outside idle. This patch implements a generic virtual based cputime accounting that relies on these generic kernel/user hooks. There are some upsides of doing this: - This requires no arch code to implement CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING if context tracking is already built (already necessary for RCU in full tickless mode). - We can rely on the generic context tracking subsystem to dynamically (de)activate the hooks, so that we can switch anytime between virtual and tick based accounting. This way we don't have the overhead of the virtual accounting when the tick is running periodically. And one downside: - There is probably more overhead than a native virtual based cputime accounting. But this relies on hooks that are already set anyway. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-07-25 12:56:04 +07:00
#ifdef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
/*
* Factors for converting from cputime_t (timebase ticks) to
* jiffies, microseconds, seconds, and clock_t (1/USER_HZ seconds).
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
* These are all stored as 0.64 fixed-point binary fractions.
*/
u64 __cputime_jiffies_factor;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cputime_jiffies_factor);
u64 __cputime_usec_factor;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cputime_usec_factor);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
u64 __cputime_sec_factor;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cputime_sec_factor);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
u64 __cputime_clockt_factor;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cputime_clockt_factor);
DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, cputime_last_delta);
DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, cputime_scaled_last_delta);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
cputime_t cputime_one_jiffy;
void (*dtl_consumer)(struct dtl_entry *, u64);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
static void calc_cputime_factors(void)
{
struct div_result res;
div128_by_32(HZ, 0, tb_ticks_per_sec, &res);
__cputime_jiffies_factor = res.result_low;
div128_by_32(1000000, 0, tb_ticks_per_sec, &res);
__cputime_usec_factor = res.result_low;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
div128_by_32(1, 0, tb_ticks_per_sec, &res);
__cputime_sec_factor = res.result_low;
div128_by_32(USER_HZ, 0, tb_ticks_per_sec, &res);
__cputime_clockt_factor = res.result_low;
}
/*
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
* Read the SPURR on systems that have it, otherwise the PURR,
* or if that doesn't exist return the timebase value passed in.
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
*/
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
static u64 read_spurr(u64 tb)
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
{
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_SPURR))
return mfspr(SPRN_SPURR);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_PURR))
return mfspr(SPRN_PURR);
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
return tb;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
}
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_SPLPAR
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
/*
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
* Scan the dispatch trace log and count up the stolen time.
* Should be called with interrupts disabled.
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
*/
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
static u64 scan_dispatch_log(u64 stop_tb)
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
{
u64 i = local_paca->dtl_ridx;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
struct dtl_entry *dtl = local_paca->dtl_curr;
struct dtl_entry *dtl_end = local_paca->dispatch_log_end;
struct lppaca *vpa = local_paca->lppaca_ptr;
u64 tb_delta;
u64 stolen = 0;
u64 dtb;
if (!dtl)
return 0;
if (i == be64_to_cpu(vpa->dtl_idx))
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
return 0;
while (i < be64_to_cpu(vpa->dtl_idx)) {
dtb = be64_to_cpu(dtl->timebase);
tb_delta = be32_to_cpu(dtl->enqueue_to_dispatch_time) +
be32_to_cpu(dtl->ready_to_enqueue_time);
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
barrier();
if (i + N_DISPATCH_LOG < be64_to_cpu(vpa->dtl_idx)) {
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
/* buffer has overflowed */
i = be64_to_cpu(vpa->dtl_idx) - N_DISPATCH_LOG;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
dtl = local_paca->dispatch_log + (i % N_DISPATCH_LOG);
continue;
}
if (dtb > stop_tb)
break;
if (dtl_consumer)
dtl_consumer(dtl, i);
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
stolen += tb_delta;
++i;
++dtl;
if (dtl == dtl_end)
dtl = local_paca->dispatch_log;
}
local_paca->dtl_ridx = i;
local_paca->dtl_curr = dtl;
return stolen;
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
}
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
/*
* Accumulate stolen time by scanning the dispatch trace log.
* Called on entry from user mode.
*/
void accumulate_stolen_time(void)
{
u64 sst, ust;
u8 save_soft_enabled = local_paca->soft_enabled;
/* We are called early in the exception entry, before
* soft/hard_enabled are sync'ed to the expected state
* for the exception. We are hard disabled but the PACA
* needs to reflect that so various debug stuff doesn't
* complain
*/
local_paca->soft_enabled = 0;
sst = scan_dispatch_log(local_paca->starttime_user);
ust = scan_dispatch_log(local_paca->starttime);
local_paca->system_time -= sst;
local_paca->user_time -= ust;
local_paca->stolen_time += ust + sst;
local_paca->soft_enabled = save_soft_enabled;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
}
static inline u64 calculate_stolen_time(u64 stop_tb)
{
u64 stolen = 0;
if (get_paca()->dtl_ridx != be64_to_cpu(get_lppaca()->dtl_idx)) {
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
stolen = scan_dispatch_log(stop_tb);
get_paca()->system_time -= stolen;
}
stolen += get_paca()->stolen_time;
get_paca()->stolen_time = 0;
return stolen;
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
}
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
#else /* CONFIG_PPC_SPLPAR */
static inline u64 calculate_stolen_time(u64 stop_tb)
{
return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PPC_SPLPAR */
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
/*
* Account time for a transition between system, hard irq
* or soft irq state.
*/
static u64 vtime_delta(struct task_struct *tsk,
u64 *sys_scaled, u64 *stolen)
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
{
u64 now, nowscaled, deltascaled;
u64 udelta, delta, user_scaled;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
now = mftb();
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
nowscaled = read_spurr(now);
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
get_paca()->system_time += now - get_paca()->starttime;
get_paca()->starttime = now;
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
deltascaled = nowscaled - get_paca()->startspurr;
get_paca()->startspurr = nowscaled;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
*stolen = calculate_stolen_time(now);
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
delta = get_paca()->system_time;
get_paca()->system_time = 0;
udelta = get_paca()->user_time - get_paca()->utime_sspurr;
get_paca()->utime_sspurr = get_paca()->user_time;
/*
* Because we don't read the SPURR on every kernel entry/exit,
* deltascaled includes both user and system SPURR ticks.
* Apportion these ticks to system SPURR ticks and user
* SPURR ticks in the same ratio as the system time (delta)
* and user time (udelta) values obtained from the timebase
* over the same interval. The system ticks get accounted here;
* the user ticks get saved up in paca->user_time_scaled to be
* used by account_process_tick.
*/
*sys_scaled = delta;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
user_scaled = udelta;
if (deltascaled != delta + udelta) {
if (udelta) {
*sys_scaled = deltascaled * delta / (delta + udelta);
user_scaled = deltascaled - *sys_scaled;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
} else {
*sys_scaled = deltascaled;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
}
}
get_paca()->user_time_scaled += user_scaled;
return delta;
}
void vtime_account_system(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
u64 delta, sys_scaled, stolen;
delta = vtime_delta(tsk, &sys_scaled, &stolen);
account_system_time(tsk, 0, delta, sys_scaled);
if (stolen)
account_steal_time(stolen);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vtime_account_system);
void vtime_account_idle(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
u64 delta, sys_scaled, stolen;
delta = vtime_delta(tsk, &sys_scaled, &stolen);
account_idle_time(delta + stolen);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
}
/*
* Transfer the user time accumulated in the paca
* by the exception entry and exit code to the generic
* process user time records.
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
* Must be called with interrupts disabled.
* Assumes that vtime_account_system/idle() has been called
* recently (i.e. since the last entry from usermode) so that
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
* get_paca()->user_time_scaled is up to date.
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
*/
void vtime_account_user(struct task_struct *tsk)
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
{
powerpc: add scaled time accounting This adds POWERPC specific hooks for scaled time accounting. POWER6 includes a SPURR register. The SPURR is based off the PURR register but is scaled based on CPU frequency and issue rates. This gives a more accurate account of the instructions used per task. The PURR and timebase will be constant relative to the wall clock, irrespective of the CPU frequency. This implementation reads the SPURR register in account_system_vtime which is only call called on context witch and hard and soft irq entry and exit. The percentage of user and system time is then estimated using the ratio of these accounted by the PURR. If the SPURR is not present, the PURR read. An earlier implementation of this patch read the SPURR whenever the PURR was read, which included the system call entry and exit path. Unfortunately this showed a performance regression on lmbench runs, so was re-implemented. I've included the lmbench results here when run bare metal on POWER6. 1st column is the unpatch results. 2nd column is the results using the below patch and the 3rd is the % diff of these results from the base. 4th and 5th columns are the results and % differnce from the base using the older patch (SPURR read in syscall entry/exit path). Base Scaled-Acct SPURR-in-syscall Result Result % diff Result % diff Simple syscall: 0.3086 0.3086 0.0000 0.3452 11.8600 Simple read: 0.4591 0.4671 1.7425 0.5044 9.86713 Simple write: 0.4364 0.4366 0.0458 0.4731 8.40971 Simple stat: 2.0055 2.0295 1.1967 2.0669 3.06158 Simple fstat: 0.5962 0.5876 -1.442 0.6368 6.80979 Simple open/close: 3.1283 3.1009 -0.875 3.2088 2.57328 Select on 10 fd's: 0.8554 0.8457 -1.133 0.8667 1.32101 Select on 100 fd's: 3.5292 3.6329 2.9383 3.6664 3.88756 Select on 250 fd's: 7.9097 8.1881 3.5197 8.2242 3.97613 Select on 500 fd's: 15.2659 15.836 3.7357 15.873 3.97814 Select on 10 tcp fd's: 0.9576 0.9416 -1.670 0.9752 1.83792 Select on 100 tcp fd's: 7.248 7.2254 -0.311 7.2685 0.28283 Select on 250 tcp fd's: 17.7742 17.707 -0.375 17.749 -0.1406 Select on 500 tcp fd's: 35.4258 35.25 -0.496 35.286 -0.3929 Signal handler installation: 0.6131 0.6075 -0.913 0.647 5.52927 Signal handler overhead: 2.0919 2.1078 0.7600 2.1831 4.35967 Protection fault: 0.7345 0.7478 1.8107 0.8031 9.33968 Pipe latency: 33.006 16.398 -50.31 33.475 1.42368 AF_UNIX sock stream latency: 14.5093 30.910 113.03 30.715 111.692 Process fork+exit: 219.8 222.8 1.3648 229.37 4.35623 Process fork+execve: 876.14 873.28 -0.32 868.66 -0.8533 Process fork+/bin/sh -c: 2830 2876.5 1.6431 2958 4.52296 File /var/tmp/XXX write bw: 1193497 1195536 0.1708 118657 -0.5799 Pagefaults on /var/tmp/XXX: 3.1272 3.2117 2.7020 3.2521 3.99398 Also, kernel compile times show no difference with this patch applied. [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Avoid unnecessary PURR reading] Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Jay Lan <jlan@engr.sgi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-18 17:06:37 +07:00
cputime_t utime, utimescaled;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
utime = get_paca()->user_time;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
utimescaled = get_paca()->user_time_scaled;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
get_paca()->user_time = 0;
powerpc: Account time using timebase rather than PURR Currently, when CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is enabled, we use the PURR register for measuring the user and system time used by processes, as well as other related times such as hardirq and softirq times. This turns out to be quite confusing for users because it means that a program will often be measured as taking less time when run on a multi-threaded processor (SMT2 or SMT4 mode) than it does when run on a single-threaded processor (ST mode), even though the program takes longer to finish. The discrepancy is accounted for as stolen time, which is also confusing, particularly when there are no other partitions running. This changes the accounting to use the timebase instead, meaning that the reported user and system times are the actual number of real-time seconds that the program was executing on the processor thread, regardless of which SMT mode the processor is in. Thus a program will generally show greater user and system times when run on a multi-threaded processor than on a single-threaded processor. On pSeries systems on POWER5 or later processors, we measure the stolen time (time when this partition wasn't running) using the hypervisor dispatch trace log. We check for new entries in the log on every entry from user mode and on every transition from kernel process context to soft or hard IRQ context (i.e. when account_system_vtime() gets called). So that we can correctly distinguish time stolen from user time and time stolen from system time, without having to check the log on every exit to user mode, we store separate timestamps for exit to user mode and entry from user mode. On systems that have a SPURR (POWER6 and POWER7), we read the SPURR in account_system_vtime() (as before), and then apportion the SPURR ticks since the last time we read it between scaled user time and scaled system time according to the relative proportions of user time and system time over the same interval. This avoids having to read the SPURR on every kernel entry and exit. On systems that have PURR but not SPURR (i.e., POWER5), we do the same using the PURR rather than the SPURR. This disables the DTL user interface in /sys/debug/kernel/powerpc/dtl for now since it conflicts with the use of the dispatch trace log by the time accounting code. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-08-27 02:56:43 +07:00
get_paca()->user_time_scaled = 0;
get_paca()->utime_sspurr = 0;
account_user_time(tsk, utime, utimescaled);
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
}
cputime: Generic on-demand virtual cputime accounting If we want to stop the tick further idle, we need to be able to account the cputime without using the tick. Virtual based cputime accounting solves that problem by hooking into kernel/user boundaries. However implementing CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING require low level hooks and involves more overhead. But we already have a generic context tracking subsystem that is required for RCU needs by archs which plan to shut down the tick outside idle. This patch implements a generic virtual based cputime accounting that relies on these generic kernel/user hooks. There are some upsides of doing this: - This requires no arch code to implement CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING if context tracking is already built (already necessary for RCU in full tickless mode). - We can rely on the generic context tracking subsystem to dynamically (de)activate the hooks, so that we can switch anytime between virtual and tick based accounting. This way we don't have the overhead of the virtual accounting when the tick is running periodically. And one downside: - There is probably more overhead than a native virtual based cputime accounting. But this relies on hooks that are already set anyway. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-07-25 12:56:04 +07:00
#else /* ! CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE */
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
#define calc_cputime_factors()
#endif
void __delay(unsigned long loops)
{
unsigned long start;
int diff;
if (__USE_RTC()) {
start = get_rtcl();
do {
/* the RTCL register wraps at 1000000000 */
diff = get_rtcl() - start;
if (diff < 0)
diff += 1000000000;
} while (diff < loops);
} else {
start = get_tbl();
while (get_tbl() - start < loops)
HMT_low();
HMT_medium();
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__delay);
void udelay(unsigned long usecs)
{
__delay(tb_ticks_per_usec * usecs);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(udelay);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
unsigned long profile_pc(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
unsigned long pc = instruction_pointer(regs);
if (in_lock_functions(pc))
return regs->link;
return pc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(profile_pc);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_WORK
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
/*
* 64-bit uses a byte in the PACA, 32-bit uses a per-cpu variable...
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC64
static inline unsigned long test_irq_work_pending(void)
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
{
unsigned long x;
asm volatile("lbz %0,%1(13)"
: "=r" (x)
: "i" (offsetof(struct paca_struct, irq_work_pending)));
return x;
}
static inline void set_irq_work_pending_flag(void)
{
asm volatile("stb %0,%1(13)" : :
"r" (1),
"i" (offsetof(struct paca_struct, irq_work_pending)));
}
static inline void clear_irq_work_pending(void)
{
asm volatile("stb %0,%1(13)" : :
"r" (0),
"i" (offsetof(struct paca_struct, irq_work_pending)));
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
}
#else /* 32-bit */
DEFINE_PER_CPU(u8, irq_work_pending);
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
#define set_irq_work_pending_flag() __this_cpu_write(irq_work_pending, 1)
#define test_irq_work_pending() __this_cpu_read(irq_work_pending)
#define clear_irq_work_pending() __this_cpu_write(irq_work_pending, 0)
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
#endif /* 32 vs 64 bit */
void arch_irq_work_raise(void)
{
preempt_disable();
set_irq_work_pending_flag();
set_dec(1);
preempt_enable();
}
#else /* CONFIG_IRQ_WORK */
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
#define test_irq_work_pending() 0
#define clear_irq_work_pending()
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
#endif /* CONFIG_IRQ_WORK */
perf_counter: powerpc: Enable use of software counters on 32-bit powerpc This enables the perf_counter subsystem on 32-bit powerpc. Since we don't have any support for hardware counters on 32-bit powerpc yet, only software counters can be used. Besides selecting HAVE_PERF_COUNTERS for 32-bit powerpc as well as 64-bit, the main thing this does is add an implementation of set_perf_counter_pending(). This needs to arrange for perf_counter_do_pending() to be called when interrupts are enabled. Rather than add code to local_irq_restore as 64-bit does, the 32-bit set_perf_counter_pending() generates an interrupt by setting the decrementer to 1 so that a decrementer interrupt will become pending in 1 or 2 timebase ticks (if a decrementer interrupt isn't already pending). When interrupts are enabled, timer_interrupt() will be called, and some new code in there calls perf_counter_do_pending(). We use a per-cpu array of flags to indicate whether we need to call perf_counter_do_pending() or not. This introduces a couple of new Kconfig symbols: PPC_HAVE_PMU_SUPPORT, which is selected by processor families for which we have hardware PMU support (currently only PPC64), and PPC_PERF_CTRS, which enables the powerpc-specific perf_counter back-end. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org LKML-Reference: <19000.55404.103840.393470@cargo.ozlabs.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-06-17 18:50:04 +07:00
static void __timer_interrupt(void)
{
struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
u64 *next_tb = this_cpu_ptr(&decrementers_next_tb);
struct clock_event_device *evt = this_cpu_ptr(&decrementers);
u64 now;
trace_timer_interrupt_entry(regs);
if (test_irq_work_pending()) {
clear_irq_work_pending();
irq_work_run();
}
now = get_tb_or_rtc();
if (now >= *next_tb) {
*next_tb = ~(u64)0;
if (evt->event_handler)
evt->event_handler(evt);
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
__this_cpu_inc(irq_stat.timer_irqs_event);
} else {
now = *next_tb - now;
if (now <= DECREMENTER_MAX)
set_dec((int)now);
/* We may have raced with new irq work */
if (test_irq_work_pending())
set_dec(1);
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
__this_cpu_inc(irq_stat.timer_irqs_others);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC64
/* collect purr register values often, for accurate calculations */
if (firmware_has_feature(FW_FEATURE_SPLPAR)) {
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
struct cpu_usage *cu = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_usage_array);
cu->current_tb = mfspr(SPRN_PURR);
}
#endif
trace_timer_interrupt_exit(regs);
}
/*
* timer_interrupt - gets called when the decrementer overflows,
* with interrupts disabled.
*/
void timer_interrupt(struct pt_regs * regs)
{
IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlers Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-10-05 20:55:46 +07:00
struct pt_regs *old_regs;
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
u64 *next_tb = this_cpu_ptr(&decrementers_next_tb);
/* Ensure a positive value is written to the decrementer, or else
* some CPUs will continue to take decrementer exceptions.
*/
set_dec(DECREMENTER_MAX);
/* Some implementations of hotplug will get timer interrupts while
* offline, just ignore these and we also need to set
* decrementers_next_tb as MAX to make sure __check_irq_replay
* don't replay timer interrupt when return, otherwise we'll trap
* here infinitely :(
*/
if (!cpu_online(smp_processor_id())) {
*next_tb = ~(u64)0;
return;
}
powerpc: Rework lazy-interrupt handling The current implementation of lazy interrupts handling has some issues that this tries to address. We don't do the various workarounds we need to do when re-enabling interrupts in some cases such as when returning from an interrupt and thus we may still lose or get delayed decrementer or doorbell interrupts. The current scheme also makes it much harder to handle the external "edge" interrupts provided by some BookE processors when using the EPR facility (External Proxy) and the Freescale Hypervisor. Additionally, we tend to keep interrupts hard disabled in a number of cases, such as decrementer interrupts, external interrupts, or when a masked decrementer interrupt is pending. This is sub-optimal. This is an attempt at fixing it all in one go by reworking the way we do the lazy interrupt disabling from the ground up. The base idea is to replace the "hard_enabled" field with a "irq_happened" field in which we store a bit mask of what interrupt occurred while soft-disabled. When re-enabling, either via arch_local_irq_restore() or when returning from an interrupt, we can now decide what to do by testing bits in that field. We then implement replaying of the missed interrupts either by re-using the existing exception frame (in exception exit case) or via the creation of a new one from an assembly trampoline (in the arch_local_irq_enable case). This removes the need to play with the decrementer to try to create fake interrupts, among others. In addition, this adds a few refinements: - We no longer hard disable decrementer interrupts that occur while soft-disabled. We now simply bump the decrementer back to max (on BookS) or leave it stopped (on BookE) and continue with hard interrupts enabled, which means that we'll potentially get better sample quality from performance monitor interrupts. - Timer, decrementer and doorbell interrupts now hard-enable shortly after removing the source of the interrupt, which means they no longer run entirely hard disabled. Again, this will improve perf sample quality. - On Book3E 64-bit, we now make the performance monitor interrupt act as an NMI like Book3S (the necessary C code for that to work appear to already be present in the FSL perf code, notably calling nmi_enter instead of irq_enter). (This also fixes a bug where BookE perfmon interrupts could clobber r14 ... oops) - We could make "masked" decrementer interrupts act as NMIs when doing timer-based perf sampling to improve the sample quality. Signed-off-by-yet: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> --- v2: - Add hard-enable to decrementer, timer and doorbells - Fix CR clobber in masked irq handling on BookE - Make embedded perf interrupt act as an NMI - Add a PACA_HAPPENED_EE_EDGE for use by FSL if they want to retrigger an interrupt without preventing hard-enable v3: - Fix or vs. ori bug on Book3E - Fix enabling of interrupts for some exceptions on Book3E v4: - Fix resend of doorbells on return from interrupt on Book3E v5: - Rebased on top of my latest series, which involves some significant rework of some aspects of the patch. v6: - 32-bit compile fix - more compile fixes with various .config combos - factor out the asm code to soft-disable interrupts - remove the C wrapper around preempt_schedule_irq v7: - Fix a bug with hard irq state tracking on native power7
2012-03-06 14:27:59 +07:00
/* Conditionally hard-enable interrupts now that the DEC has been
* bumped to its maximum value
*/
may_hard_irq_enable();
#if defined(CONFIG_PPC32) && defined(CONFIG_PPC_PMAC)
if (atomic_read(&ppc_n_lost_interrupts) != 0)
do_IRQ(regs);
#endif
IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlers Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-10-05 20:55:46 +07:00
old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
irq_enter();
__timer_interrupt();
irq_exit();
IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlers Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-10-05 20:55:46 +07:00
set_irq_regs(old_regs);
}
/*
* Hypervisor decrementer interrupts shouldn't occur but are sometimes
* left pending on exit from a KVM guest. We don't need to do anything
* to clear them, as they are edge-triggered.
*/
void hdec_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SUSPEND
static void generic_suspend_disable_irqs(void)
{
/* Disable the decrementer, so that it doesn't interfere
* with suspending.
*/
set_dec(DECREMENTER_MAX);
local_irq_disable();
set_dec(DECREMENTER_MAX);
}
static void generic_suspend_enable_irqs(void)
{
local_irq_enable();
}
/* Overrides the weak version in kernel/power/main.c */
void arch_suspend_disable_irqs(void)
{
if (ppc_md.suspend_disable_irqs)
ppc_md.suspend_disable_irqs();
generic_suspend_disable_irqs();
}
/* Overrides the weak version in kernel/power/main.c */
void arch_suspend_enable_irqs(void)
{
generic_suspend_enable_irqs();
if (ppc_md.suspend_enable_irqs)
ppc_md.suspend_enable_irqs();
}
#endif
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Accumulate timing information for real-mode code This reads the timebase at various points in the real-mode guest entry/exit code and uses that to accumulate total, minimum and maximum time spent in those parts of the code. Currently these times are accumulated per vcpu in 5 parts of the code: * rm_entry - time taken from the start of kvmppc_hv_entry() until just before entering the guest. * rm_intr - time from when we take a hypervisor interrupt in the guest until we either re-enter the guest or decide to exit to the host. This includes time spent handling hcalls in real mode. * rm_exit - time from when we decide to exit the guest until the return from kvmppc_hv_entry(). * guest - time spend in the guest * cede - time spent napping in real mode due to an H_CEDE hcall while other threads in the same vcore are active. These times are exposed in debugfs in a directory per vcpu that contains a file called "timings". This file contains one line for each of the 5 timings above, with the name followed by a colon and 4 numbers, which are the count (number of times the code has been executed), the total time, the minimum time, and the maximum time, all in nanoseconds. The overhead of the extra code amounts to about 30ns for an hcall that is handled in real mode (e.g. H_SET_DABR), which is about 25%. Since production environments may not wish to incur this overhead, the new code is conditional on a new config symbol, CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_HV_EXIT_TIMING. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
2015-03-28 10:21:02 +07:00
unsigned long long tb_to_ns(unsigned long long ticks)
{
return mulhdu(ticks, tb_to_ns_scale) << tb_to_ns_shift;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tb_to_ns);
/*
* Scheduler clock - returns current time in nanosec units.
*
* Note: mulhdu(a, b) (multiply high double unsigned) returns
* the high 64 bits of a * b, i.e. (a * b) >> 64, where a and b
* are 64-bit unsigned numbers.
*/
unsigned long long sched_clock(void)
{
if (__USE_RTC())
return get_rtc();
return mulhdu(get_tb() - boot_tb, tb_to_ns_scale) << tb_to_ns_shift;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_PSERIES
/*
* Running clock - attempts to give a view of time passing for a virtualised
* kernels.
* Uses the VTB register if available otherwise a next best guess.
*/
unsigned long long running_clock(void)
{
/*
* Don't read the VTB as a host since KVM does not switch in host
* timebase into the VTB when it takes a guest off the CPU, reading the
* VTB would result in reading 'last switched out' guest VTB.
*
* Host kernels are often compiled with CONFIG_PPC_PSERIES checked, it
* would be unsafe to rely only on the #ifdef above.
*/
if (firmware_has_feature(FW_FEATURE_LPAR) &&
cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_ARCH_207S))
return mulhdu(get_vtb() - boot_tb, tb_to_ns_scale) << tb_to_ns_shift;
/*
* This is a next best approximation without a VTB.
* On a host which is running bare metal there should never be any stolen
* time and on a host which doesn't do any virtualisation TB *should* equal
* VTB so it makes no difference anyway.
*/
return local_clock() - cputime_to_nsecs(kcpustat_this_cpu->cpustat[CPUTIME_STEAL]);
}
#endif
static int __init get_freq(char *name, int cells, unsigned long *val)
{
struct device_node *cpu;
const __be32 *fp;
int found = 0;
/* The cpu node should have timebase and clock frequency properties */
cpu = of_find_node_by_type(NULL, "cpu");
if (cpu) {
fp = of_get_property(cpu, name, NULL);
if (fp) {
found = 1;
*val = of_read_ulong(fp, cells);
}
of_node_put(cpu);
}
return found;
}
static void start_cpu_decrementer(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOKE) || defined(CONFIG_40x)
/* Clear any pending timer interrupts */
mtspr(SPRN_TSR, TSR_ENW | TSR_WIS | TSR_DIS | TSR_FIS);
/* Enable decrementer interrupt */
mtspr(SPRN_TCR, TCR_DIE);
#endif /* defined(CONFIG_BOOKE) || defined(CONFIG_40x) */
}
void __init generic_calibrate_decr(void)
{
ppc_tb_freq = DEFAULT_TB_FREQ; /* hardcoded default */
if (!get_freq("ibm,extended-timebase-frequency", 2, &ppc_tb_freq) &&
!get_freq("timebase-frequency", 1, &ppc_tb_freq)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "WARNING: Estimating decrementer frequency "
"(not found)\n");
}
ppc_proc_freq = DEFAULT_PROC_FREQ; /* hardcoded default */
if (!get_freq("ibm,extended-clock-frequency", 2, &ppc_proc_freq) &&
!get_freq("clock-frequency", 1, &ppc_proc_freq)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "WARNING: Estimating processor frequency "
"(not found)\n");
}
}
int update_persistent_clock(struct timespec now)
{
struct rtc_time tm;
if (!ppc_md.set_rtc_time)
return -ENODEV;
to_tm(now.tv_sec + 1 + timezone_offset, &tm);
tm.tm_year -= 1900;
tm.tm_mon -= 1;
return ppc_md.set_rtc_time(&tm);
}
static void __read_persistent_clock(struct timespec *ts)
{
struct rtc_time tm;
static int first = 1;
ts->tv_nsec = 0;
/* XXX this is a litle fragile but will work okay in the short term */
if (first) {
first = 0;
if (ppc_md.time_init)
timezone_offset = ppc_md.time_init();
/* get_boot_time() isn't guaranteed to be safe to call late */
if (ppc_md.get_boot_time) {
ts->tv_sec = ppc_md.get_boot_time() - timezone_offset;
return;
}
}
if (!ppc_md.get_rtc_time) {
ts->tv_sec = 0;
return;
}
ppc_md.get_rtc_time(&tm);
ts->tv_sec = mktime(tm.tm_year+1900, tm.tm_mon+1, tm.tm_mday,
tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec);
}
void read_persistent_clock(struct timespec *ts)
{
__read_persistent_clock(ts);
/* Sanitize it in case real time clock is set below EPOCH */
if (ts->tv_sec < 0) {
ts->tv_sec = 0;
ts->tv_nsec = 0;
}
}
/* clocksource code */
static cycle_t rtc_read(struct clocksource *cs)
{
return (cycle_t)get_rtc();
}
static cycle_t timebase_read(struct clocksource *cs)
{
return (cycle_t)get_tb();
}
void update_vsyscall_old(struct timespec *wall_time, struct timespec *wtm,
struct clocksource *clock, u32 mult, cycle_t cycle_last)
{
u64 new_tb_to_xs, new_stamp_xsec;
u32 frac_sec;
if (clock != &clocksource_timebase)
return;
/* Make userspace gettimeofday spin until we're done. */
++vdso_data->tb_update_count;
smp_mb();
/* 19342813113834067 ~= 2^(20+64) / 1e9 */
new_tb_to_xs = (u64) mult * (19342813113834067ULL >> clock->shift);
new_stamp_xsec = (u64) wall_time->tv_nsec * XSEC_PER_SEC;
do_div(new_stamp_xsec, 1000000000);
new_stamp_xsec += (u64) wall_time->tv_sec * XSEC_PER_SEC;
BUG_ON(wall_time->tv_nsec >= NSEC_PER_SEC);
/* this is tv_nsec / 1e9 as a 0.32 fraction */
frac_sec = ((u64) wall_time->tv_nsec * 18446744073ULL) >> 32;
/*
* tb_update_count is used to allow the userspace gettimeofday code
* to assure itself that it sees a consistent view of the tb_to_xs and
* stamp_xsec variables. It reads the tb_update_count, then reads
* tb_to_xs and stamp_xsec and then reads tb_update_count again. If
* the two values of tb_update_count match and are even then the
* tb_to_xs and stamp_xsec values are consistent. If not, then it
* loops back and reads them again until this criteria is met.
* We expect the caller to have done the first increment of
* vdso_data->tb_update_count already.
*/
vdso_data->tb_orig_stamp = cycle_last;
vdso_data->stamp_xsec = new_stamp_xsec;
vdso_data->tb_to_xs = new_tb_to_xs;
vdso_data->wtom_clock_sec = wtm->tv_sec;
vdso_data->wtom_clock_nsec = wtm->tv_nsec;
vdso_data->stamp_xtime = *wall_time;
powerpc: Rework VDSO gettimeofday to prevent time going backwards Currently it is possible for userspace to see the result of gettimeofday() going backwards by 1 microsecond, assuming that userspace is using the gettimeofday() in the VDSO. The VDSO gettimeofday() algorithm computes the time in "xsecs", which are units of 2^-20 seconds, or approximately 0.954 microseconds, using the algorithm now = (timebase - tb_orig_stamp) * tb_to_xs + stamp_xsec and then converts the time in xsecs to seconds and microseconds. The kernel updates the tb_orig_stamp and stamp_xsec values every tick in update_vsyscall(). If the length of the tick is not an integer number of xsecs, then some precision is lost in converting the current time to xsecs. For example, with CONFIG_HZ=1000, the tick is 1ms long, which is 1048.576 xsecs. That means that stamp_xsec will advance by either 1048 or 1049 on each tick. With the right conditions, it is possible for userspace to get (timebase - tb_orig_stamp) * tb_to_xs being 1049 if the kernel is slightly late in updating the vdso_datapage, and then for stamp_xsec to advance by 1048 when the kernel does update it, and for userspace to then see (timebase - tb_orig_stamp) * tb_to_xs being zero due to integer truncation. The result is that time appears to go backwards by 1 microsecond. To fix this we change the VDSO gettimeofday to use a new field in the VDSO datapage which stores the nanoseconds part of the time as a fractional number of seconds in a 0.32 binary fraction format. (Or put another way, as a 32-bit number in units of 0.23283 ns.) This is convenient because we can use the mulhwu instruction to convert it to either microseconds or nanoseconds. Since it turns out that computing the time of day using this new field is simpler than either using stamp_xsec (as gettimeofday does) or stamp_xtime.tv_nsec (as clock_gettime does), this converts both gettimeofday and clock_gettime to use the new field. The existing __do_get_tspec function is converted to use the new field and take a parameter in r7 that indicates the desired resolution, 1,000,000 for microseconds or 1,000,000,000 for nanoseconds. The __do_get_xsec function is then unused and is deleted. The new algorithm is now = ((timebase - tb_orig_stamp) << 12) * tb_to_xs + (stamp_xtime_seconds << 32) + stamp_sec_fraction with 'now' in units of 2^-32 seconds. That is then converted to seconds and either microseconds or nanoseconds with seconds = now >> 32 partseconds = ((now & 0xffffffff) * resolution) >> 32 The 32-bit VDSO code also makes a further simplification: it ignores the bottom 32 bits of the tb_to_xs value, which is a 0.64 format binary fraction. Doing so gets rid of 4 multiply instructions. Assuming a timebase frequency of 1GHz or less and an update interval of no more than 10ms, the upper 32 bits of tb_to_xs will be at least 4503599, so the error from ignoring the low 32 bits will be at most 2.2ns, which is more than an order of magnitude less than the time taken to do gettimeofday or clock_gettime on our fastest processors, so there is no possibility of seeing inconsistent values due to this. This also moves update_gtod() down next to its only caller, and makes update_vsyscall use the time passed in via the wall_time argument rather than accessing xtime directly. At present, wall_time always points to xtime, but that could change in future. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
2010-06-21 02:03:08 +07:00
vdso_data->stamp_sec_fraction = frac_sec;
smp_wmb();
++(vdso_data->tb_update_count);
}
void update_vsyscall_tz(void)
{
vdso_data->tz_minuteswest = sys_tz.tz_minuteswest;
vdso_data->tz_dsttime = sys_tz.tz_dsttime;
}
static void __init clocksource_init(void)
{
struct clocksource *clock;
if (__USE_RTC())
clock = &clocksource_rtc;
else
clock = &clocksource_timebase;
if (clocksource_register_hz(clock, tb_ticks_per_sec)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "clocksource: %s is already registered\n",
clock->name);
return;
}
printk(KERN_INFO "clocksource: %s mult[%x] shift[%d] registered\n",
clock->name, clock->mult, clock->shift);
}
static int decrementer_set_next_event(unsigned long evt,
struct clock_event_device *dev)
{
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
__this_cpu_write(decrementers_next_tb, get_tb_or_rtc() + evt);
set_dec(evt);
/* We may have raced with new irq work */
if (test_irq_work_pending())
set_dec(1);
return 0;
}
static int decrementer_shutdown(struct clock_event_device *dev)
{
decrementer_set_next_event(DECREMENTER_MAX, dev);
return 0;
}
/* Interrupt handler for the timer broadcast IPI */
void tick_broadcast_ipi_handler(void)
{
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses This still has not been merged and now powerpc is the only arch that does not have this change. Sorry about missing linuxppc-dev before. V2->V2 - Fix up to work against 3.18-rc1 __get_cpu_var() is used for multiple purposes in the kernel source. One of them is address calculation via the form &__get_cpu_var(x). This calculates the address for the instance of the percpu variable of the current processor based on an offset. Other use cases are for storing and retrieving data from the current processors percpu area. __get_cpu_var() can be used as an lvalue when writing data or on the right side of an assignment. __get_cpu_var() is defined as : __get_cpu_var() always only does an address determination. However, store and retrieve operations could use a segment prefix (or global register on other platforms) to avoid the address calculation. this_cpu_write() and this_cpu_read() can directly take an offset into a percpu area and use optimized assembly code to read and write per cpu variables. This patch converts __get_cpu_var into either an explicit address calculation using this_cpu_ptr() or into a use of this_cpu operations that use the offset. Thereby address calculations are avoided and less registers are used when code is generated. At the end of the patch set all uses of __get_cpu_var have been removed so the macro is removed too. The patch set includes passes over all arches as well. Once these operations are used throughout then specialized macros can be defined in non -x86 arches as well in order to optimize per cpu access by f.e. using a global register that may be set to the per cpu base. Transformations done to __get_cpu_var() 1. Determine the address of the percpu instance of the current processor. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int *x = &__get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(&y); 2. Same as #1 but this time an array structure is involved. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y[20]); int *x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to int *x = this_cpu_ptr(y); 3. Retrieve the content of the current processors instance of a per cpu variable. DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); int x = __get_cpu_var(y) Converts to int x = __this_cpu_read(y); 4. Retrieve the content of a percpu struct DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mystruct, y); struct mystruct x = __get_cpu_var(y); Converts to memcpy(&x, this_cpu_ptr(&y), sizeof(x)); 5. Assignment to a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y) __get_cpu_var(y) = x; Converts to __this_cpu_write(y, x); 6. Increment/Decrement etc of a per cpu variable DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, y); __get_cpu_var(y)++ Converts to __this_cpu_inc(y) Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> [mpe: Fix build errors caused by set/or_softirq_pending(), and rework assignment in __set_breakpoint() to use memcpy().] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2014-10-22 03:23:25 +07:00
u64 *next_tb = this_cpu_ptr(&decrementers_next_tb);
*next_tb = get_tb_or_rtc();
__timer_interrupt();
}
static void register_decrementer_clockevent(int cpu)
{
struct clock_event_device *dec = &per_cpu(decrementers, cpu);
*dec = decrementer_clockevent;
dec->cpumask = cpumask_of(cpu);
printk_once(KERN_DEBUG "clockevent: %s mult[%x] shift[%d] cpu[%d]\n",
dec->name, dec->mult, dec->shift, cpu);
clockevents_register_device(dec);
}
static void __init init_decrementer_clockevent(void)
{
int cpu = smp_processor_id();
clockevents_calc_mult_shift(&decrementer_clockevent, ppc_tb_freq, 4);
decrementer_clockevent.max_delta_ns =
clockevent_delta2ns(DECREMENTER_MAX, &decrementer_clockevent);
decrementer_clockevent.min_delta_ns =
clockevent_delta2ns(2, &decrementer_clockevent);
register_decrementer_clockevent(cpu);
}
void secondary_cpu_time_init(void)
{
/* Start the decrementer on CPUs that have manual control
* such as BookE
*/
start_cpu_decrementer();
/* FIME: Should make unrelatred change to move snapshot_timebase
* call here ! */
register_decrementer_clockevent(smp_processor_id());
}
/* This function is only called on the boot processor */
void __init time_init(void)
{
struct div_result res;
u64 scale;
unsigned shift;
if (__USE_RTC()) {
/* 601 processor: dec counts down by 128 every 128ns */
ppc_tb_freq = 1000000000;
} else {
/* Normal PowerPC with timebase register */
ppc_md.calibrate_decr();
printk(KERN_DEBUG "time_init: decrementer frequency = %lu.%.6lu MHz\n",
ppc_tb_freq / 1000000, ppc_tb_freq % 1000000);
printk(KERN_DEBUG "time_init: processor frequency = %lu.%.6lu MHz\n",
ppc_proc_freq / 1000000, ppc_proc_freq % 1000000);
}
tb_ticks_per_jiffy = ppc_tb_freq / HZ;
tb_ticks_per_sec = ppc_tb_freq;
tb_ticks_per_usec = ppc_tb_freq / 1000000;
powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accounting This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
2006-02-24 06:06:59 +07:00
calc_cputime_factors();
setup_cputime_one_jiffy();
/*
* Compute scale factor for sched_clock.
* The calibrate_decr() function has set tb_ticks_per_sec,
* which is the timebase frequency.
* We compute 1e9 * 2^64 / tb_ticks_per_sec and interpret
* the 128-bit result as a 64.64 fixed-point number.
* We then shift that number right until it is less than 1.0,
* giving us the scale factor and shift count to use in
* sched_clock().
*/
div128_by_32(1000000000, 0, tb_ticks_per_sec, &res);
scale = res.result_low;
for (shift = 0; res.result_high != 0; ++shift) {
scale = (scale >> 1) | (res.result_high << 63);
res.result_high >>= 1;
}
tb_to_ns_scale = scale;
tb_to_ns_shift = shift;
/* Save the current timebase to pretty up CONFIG_PRINTK_TIME */
boot_tb = get_tb_or_rtc();
/* If platform provided a timezone (pmac), we correct the time */
if (timezone_offset) {
sys_tz.tz_minuteswest = -timezone_offset / 60;
sys_tz.tz_dsttime = 0;
}
vdso_data->tb_update_count = 0;
vdso_data->tb_ticks_per_sec = tb_ticks_per_sec;
/* Start the decrementer on CPUs that have manual control
* such as BookE
*/
start_cpu_decrementer();
/* Register the clocksource */
clocksource_init();
init_decrementer_clockevent();
tick_setup_hrtimer_broadcast();
#ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
of_clk_init(NULL);
#endif
}
#define FEBRUARY 2
#define STARTOFTIME 1970
#define SECDAY 86400L
#define SECYR (SECDAY * 365)
#define leapyear(year) ((year) % 4 == 0 && \
((year) % 100 != 0 || (year) % 400 == 0))
#define days_in_year(a) (leapyear(a) ? 366 : 365)
#define days_in_month(a) (month_days[(a) - 1])
static int month_days[12] = {
31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31
};
void to_tm(int tim, struct rtc_time * tm)
{
register int i;
register long hms, day;
day = tim / SECDAY;
hms = tim % SECDAY;
/* Hours, minutes, seconds are easy */
tm->tm_hour = hms / 3600;
tm->tm_min = (hms % 3600) / 60;
tm->tm_sec = (hms % 3600) % 60;
/* Number of years in days */
for (i = STARTOFTIME; day >= days_in_year(i); i++)
day -= days_in_year(i);
tm->tm_year = i;
/* Number of months in days left */
if (leapyear(tm->tm_year))
days_in_month(FEBRUARY) = 29;
for (i = 1; day >= days_in_month(i); i++)
day -= days_in_month(i);
days_in_month(FEBRUARY) = 28;
tm->tm_mon = i;
/* Days are what is left over (+1) from all that. */
tm->tm_mday = day + 1;
/*
* No-one uses the day of the week.
*/
tm->tm_wday = -1;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(to_tm);
/*
* Divide a 128-bit dividend by a 32-bit divisor, leaving a 128 bit
* result.
*/
void div128_by_32(u64 dividend_high, u64 dividend_low,
unsigned divisor, struct div_result *dr)
{
unsigned long a, b, c, d;
unsigned long w, x, y, z;
u64 ra, rb, rc;
a = dividend_high >> 32;
b = dividend_high & 0xffffffff;
c = dividend_low >> 32;
d = dividend_low & 0xffffffff;
w = a / divisor;
ra = ((u64)(a - (w * divisor)) << 32) + b;
rb = ((u64) do_div(ra, divisor) << 32) + c;
x = ra;
rc = ((u64) do_div(rb, divisor) << 32) + d;
y = rb;
do_div(rc, divisor);
z = rc;
dr->result_high = ((u64)w << 32) + x;
dr->result_low = ((u64)y << 32) + z;
}
/* We don't need to calibrate delay, we use the CPU timebase for that */
void calibrate_delay(void)
{
/* Some generic code (such as spinlock debug) use loops_per_jiffy
* as the number of __delay(1) in a jiffy, so make it so
*/
loops_per_jiffy = tb_ticks_per_jiffy;
}
static int __init rtc_init(void)
{
struct platform_device *pdev;
if (!ppc_md.get_rtc_time)
return -ENODEV;
pdev = platform_device_register_simple("rtc-generic", -1, NULL, 0);
return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(pdev);
}
device_initcall(rtc_init);