License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 21:07:57 +07:00
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2015-05-12 05:11:36 +07:00
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all:
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include ../lib.mk
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.PHONY: all all_32 all_64 warn_32bit_failure clean
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2018-02-13 15:15:19 +07:00
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UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
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CAN_BUILD_I386 := $(shell ./check_cc.sh $(CC) trivial_32bit_program.c -m32)
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CAN_BUILD_X86_64 := $(shell ./check_cc.sh $(CC) trivial_64bit_program.c)
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2018-05-02 19:10:32 +07:00
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CAN_BUILD_WITH_NOPIE := $(shell ./check_cc.sh $(CC) trivial_program.c -no-pie)
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2018-02-13 15:15:19 +07:00
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TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS := single_step_syscall sysret_ss_attrs syscall_nt test_mremap_vdso \
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check_initial_reg_state sigreturn iopl mpx-mini-test ioperm \
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2018-05-09 00:28:35 +07:00
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protection_keys test_vdso test_vsyscall mov_ss_trap
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x86/signal/64: Re-add support for SS in the 64-bit signal context
This is a second attempt to make the improvements from c6f2062935c8
("x86/signal/64: Fix SS handling for signals delivered to 64-bit
programs"), which was reverted by 51adbfbba5c6 ("x86/signal/64: Add
support for SS in the 64-bit signal context").
This adds two new uc_flags flags. UC_SIGCONTEXT_SS will be set for
all 64-bit signals (including x32). It indicates that the saved SS
field is valid and that the kernel supports the new behavior.
The goal is to fix a problems with signal handling in 64-bit tasks:
SS wasn't saved in the 64-bit signal context, making it awkward to
determine what SS was at the time of signal delivery and making it
impossible to return to a non-flat SS (as calling sigreturn clobbers
SS).
This also made it extremely difficult for 64-bit tasks to return to
fully-defined 16-bit contexts, because only the kernel can easily do
espfix64, but sigreturn was unable to set a non-flag SS:ESP.
(DOSEMU has a monstrous hack to partially work around this
limitation.)
If we could go back in time, the correct fix would be to make 64-bit
signals work just like 32-bit signals with respect to SS: save it
in signal context, reset it when delivering a signal, and restore
it in sigreturn.
Unfortunately, doing that (as I tried originally) breaks DOSEMU:
DOSEMU wouldn't reset the signal context's SS when clearing the LDT
and changing the saved CS to 64-bit mode, since it predates the SS
context field existing in the first place.
This patch is a bit more complicated, and it tries to balance a
bunch of goals. It makes most cases of changing ucontext->ss during
signal handling work as expected.
I do this by special-casing the interesting case. On sigreturn,
ucontext->ss will be honored by default, unless the ucontext was
created from scratch by an old program and had a 64-bit CS
(unfortunately, CRIU can do this) or was the result of changing a
32-bit signal context to 64-bit without resetting SS (as DOSEMU
does).
For the benefit of new 64-bit software that uses segmentation (new
versions of DOSEMU might), the new behavior can be detected with a
new ucontext flag UC_SIGCONTEXT_SS.
To avoid compilation issues, __pad0 is left as an alias for ss in
ucontext.
The nitty-gritty details are documented in the header file.
This patch also re-enables the sigreturn_64 and ldt_gdt_64 selftests,
as the kernel change allows both of them to pass.
Tested-by: Stas Sergeev <stsp@list.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/749149cbfc3e75cd7fcdad69a854b399d792cc6f.1455664054.git.luto@kernel.org
[ Small readability edit. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-02-17 06:09:03 +07:00
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TARGETS_C_32BIT_ONLY := entry_from_vm86 syscall_arg_fault test_syscall_vdso unwind_vdso \
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2016-01-12 08:23:32 +07:00
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test_FCMOV test_FCOMI test_FISTTP \
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2016-01-13 02:56:15 +07:00
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vdso_restorer
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2018-02-11 18:10:09 +07:00
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TARGETS_C_64BIT_ONLY := fsgsbase sysret_rip
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2018-02-13 15:15:19 +07:00
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# Some selftests require 32bit support enabled also on 64bit systems
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TARGETS_C_32BIT_NEEDED := ldt_gdt ptrace_syscall
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2018-02-13 15:15:19 +07:00
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TARGETS_C_32BIT_ALL := $(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS) $(TARGETS_C_32BIT_ONLY) $(TARGETS_C_32BIT_NEEDED)
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2016-01-29 06:11:19 +07:00
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TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL := $(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS) $(TARGETS_C_64BIT_ONLY)
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2018-02-13 15:15:19 +07:00
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ifeq ($(CAN_BUILD_I386)$(CAN_BUILD_X86_64),11)
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TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL += $(TARGETS_C_32BIT_NEEDED)
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endif
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2015-05-30 04:58:24 +07:00
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BINARIES_32 := $(TARGETS_C_32BIT_ALL:%=%_32)
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2016-01-29 06:11:19 +07:00
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BINARIES_64 := $(TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL:%=%_64)
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2016-11-29 18:55:52 +07:00
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BINARIES_32 := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(BINARIES_32))
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BINARIES_64 := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(BINARIES_64))
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2018-05-02 19:10:32 +07:00
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CFLAGS := -O2 -g -std=gnu99 -pthread -Wall
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# call32_from_64 in thunks.S uses absolute addresses.
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ifeq ($(CAN_BUILD_WITH_NOPIE),1)
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CFLAGS += -no-pie
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endif
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2018-01-19 05:26:25 +07:00
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define gen-target-rule-32
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$(1) $(1)_32: $(OUTPUT)/$(1)_32
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.PHONY: $(1) $(1)_32
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endef
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define gen-target-rule-64
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$(1) $(1)_64: $(OUTPUT)/$(1)_64
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.PHONY: $(1) $(1)_64
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endef
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2015-05-12 05:11:36 +07:00
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ifeq ($(CAN_BUILD_I386),1)
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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all: all_32
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2015-05-12 05:11:35 +07:00
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TEST_PROGS += $(BINARIES_32)
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2018-02-13 15:13:21 +07:00
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EXTRA_CFLAGS += -DCAN_BUILD_32
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2018-01-19 05:26:25 +07:00
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$(foreach t,$(TARGETS_C_32BIT_ALL),$(eval $(call gen-target-rule-32,$(t))))
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2015-05-12 05:11:36 +07:00
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endif
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ifeq ($(CAN_BUILD_X86_64),1)
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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all: all_64
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2015-04-22 05:51:58 +07:00
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TEST_PROGS += $(BINARIES_64)
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2018-02-13 15:13:21 +07:00
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EXTRA_CFLAGS += -DCAN_BUILD_64
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2018-01-19 05:26:25 +07:00
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$(foreach t,$(TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL),$(eval $(call gen-target-rule-64,$(t))))
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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endif
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2015-05-12 05:11:36 +07:00
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all_32: $(BINARIES_32)
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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all_64: $(BINARIES_64)
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2017-04-22 05:26:16 +07:00
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EXTRA_CLEAN := $(BINARIES_32) $(BINARIES_64)
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2016-11-29 18:55:52 +07:00
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$(BINARIES_32): $(OUTPUT)/%_32: %.c
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2015-09-17 20:02:13 +07:00
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$(CC) -m32 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl -lm
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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2016-11-29 18:55:52 +07:00
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$(BINARIES_64): $(OUTPUT)/%_64: %.c
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2015-04-07 13:11:06 +07:00
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$(CC) -m64 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl
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2015-05-12 05:11:36 +07:00
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# x86_64 users should be encouraged to install 32-bit libraries
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ifeq ($(CAN_BUILD_I386)$(CAN_BUILD_X86_64),01)
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all: warn_32bit_failure
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warn_32bit_failure:
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@echo "Warning: you seem to have a broken 32-bit build" 2>&1; \
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echo "environment. This will reduce test coverage of 64-bit" 2>&1; \
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echo "kernels. If you are using a Debian-like distribution," 2>&1; \
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echo "try:"; 2>&1; \
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echo ""; \
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echo " apt-get install gcc-multilib libc6-i386 libc6-dev-i386"; \
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echo ""; \
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echo "If you are using a Fedora-like distribution, try:"; \
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echo ""; \
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echo " yum install glibc-devel.*i686"; \
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exit 0;
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endif
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2015-04-25 05:09:19 +07:00
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# Some tests have additional dependencies.
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2016-11-29 18:55:52 +07:00
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$(OUTPUT)/sysret_ss_attrs_64: thunks.S
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$(OUTPUT)/ptrace_syscall_32: raw_syscall_helper_32.S
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$(OUTPUT)/test_syscall_vdso_32: thunks_32.S
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2016-01-29 06:11:20 +07:00
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# check_initial_reg_state is special: it needs a custom entry, and it
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# needs to be static so that its interpreter doesn't destroy its initial
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# state.
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2016-11-29 18:55:52 +07:00
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$(OUTPUT)/check_initial_reg_state_32: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static
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$(OUTPUT)/check_initial_reg_state_64: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static
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