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512 lines
28 KiB
XML
512 lines
28 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.service">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.service</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.service</refname>
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<refpurpose>systemd service configuration files</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>systemd.service</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>A unit configuration file whose name ends in
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.service encodes information about a process
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controlled and supervised by systemd.</para>
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<para>This man page lists the configuration options
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specific to this unit type. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for the common options of all unit configuration
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files. The common configuration items are configured
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in the generic [Unit] and [Install] sections. The
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service specific configuration options are configured
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in the [Service] section.</para>
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<para>Additional options are listed in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>Service files must include a [Service] section,
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which carries information about the service and the
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process it supervises. A number of options that may be
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used in this section are shared with other unit
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types. These options are documented in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
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options specific to the [Service] section of service
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units are the following:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Type=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures the process
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start-up type for this service
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unit. One of <option>simple</option>,
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<option>forking</option>,
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<option>finish</option>,
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<option>dbus</option>,
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<option>notify</option>.</para>
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<para>If set to
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<option>simple</option> (the default
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value) it is expected that the process
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configured with
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname> is the
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main process of the service. In this
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mode, communication channels must be
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installed before the daemon is started
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up (e.g. sockets set up by systemd,
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via socket activation), as systemd
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will immediately proceed starting
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follow-up units.</para>
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<para>If set to
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<option>forking</option> it is
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expected that the process configured
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with <varname>ExecStart=</varname>
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will start up and call
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<function>fork()</function>. The
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parent process is expected to finish
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when start-up is complete and all
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communication channels set up. The
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child continues to run as the main
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daemon process. This is the behaviour
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of traditional UNIX daemons. If this
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setting is used, it is recommended to
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also use the
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<varname>PIDFile=</varname> option, so
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that systemd can identify the main
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process of the daemon. systemd will
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proceed starting follow-up units as
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soon as the parent process
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exits.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>finish</option> is similar
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to <option>simple</option>, however
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it is expected that the process has to
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exit before systemd starts follow-up
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units. <varname>ValidNoProcess=</varname>
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is particularly useful for this type
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of service.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>dbus</option> is similar to
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<option>simple</option>, however it
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is expected that the daemon acquires a
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name on the D-Bus bus, as configured
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by
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<varname>BusName=</varname>. systemd
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will proceed starting follow-up units
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after the D-Bus bus name has been
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acquired.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>notify</option> is similar to
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<option>simple</option>, however it is
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expected that the daemon sends a
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notification message via
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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or an equivalent call when it finished
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starting up. systemd will proceed
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starting follow-up units after this
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notification message has been sent. If
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this option is used
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<option>NotifyAccess=</option> (see
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below) must be set to open access to
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the notification socket provided by
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systemd.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ValidNoProcess=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value
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that specifies whether the service
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shall be considered active even when
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all its processes exited. Defaults to
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<option>no</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>PIDFile=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes an absolute file
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name pointing to the PID file of this
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daemon. Use of this option is
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recommended for services where
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<varname>Type=</varname> is set to
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<option>forking</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>BusName=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a D-Bus bus
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name, where this service is reachable
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as. This option is mandatory for
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services where
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<varname>Type=</varname> is set to
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<option>dbus</option>, but its use
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is otherwise recommended as well if
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the process takes a name on the D-Bus
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bus.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ExecStart=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a command line
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that is executed when this service
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shall be started up. The first token
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of the command line must be an
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absolute file name, then followed by
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arguments for the process. It is
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mandatory to set this option for all
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services. This option may not be
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specified more than once. Optionally,
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if the absolute file name is prefixed
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with @, the second token will be
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passed as argv[0] to the executed
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process, followed by the further
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arguments specified. Unless
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<option>Type=forking</option> is set,
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the process started via this command
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line will be considered the main
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process of the
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daemon.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ExecStartPre=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ExecStartPost=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Additional commands
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that are executed before (resp. after)
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the command in
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname>. If
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specified more than once, all commands
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are executed one after the other,
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serially. Use of these settings is
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optional.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ExecReload=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Commands to execute to
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trigger a configuration reload in the
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service. If used more than once, all
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commands are executed one after the
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other, serially. Use of this setting is optional.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ExecStop=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Commands to execute to
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stop the service started via
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname>. If used
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more than once, all commands are
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executed one after the other,
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serially. Use of this setting is
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optional. All processes remaining for
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a service after the commands
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configured in this option are run are
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terminated according to the
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<varname>KillMode=</varname> setting
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(see below). If this option is not
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specified the process is terminated
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right-away when service stop is
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requested.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ExecStopPost=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Additional commands
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that are executed after the service
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was stopped using the commands
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configured in
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<varname>ExecStop=</varname>. If
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specified more than once, all commands
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are executed one after the other,
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serially. Use of these settings is
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optional.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RestartSec=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures the time to
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sleep before restarting a service (as
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configured with
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<varname>Restart=</varname>). Takes a
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unit-less value in seconds, or a time
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span value such as "5min
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20s". Defaults to
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100ms.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>TimeoutSec=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures the time to
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wait for start-up and stop. If a
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daemon service does not signal
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start-up completion within the
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configured time the service will be
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considered failed and be shut down
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again. If a service is asked to stop
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but does not terminate in the
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specified time it will be terminated
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forcibly via SIGTERM, and after
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another delay of this time with
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SIGKILL. (See
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<option>KillMode=</option>
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below.) Takes a unit-less value in seconds, or a
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time span value such as "5min
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20s". Pass 0 to disable the timeout
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logic. Defaults to
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60s.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Restart=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures whether the
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main service process shall be restarted when
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it exists. Takes one of
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<option>once</option>,
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<option>restart-on-success</option> or
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<option>restart-always</option>. If
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set to <option>once</option> (the
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default) the service will not be
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restarted when it exits. If set to
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<option>restart-on-success</option> it
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will be restarted only when it exited
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cleanly, i.e. terminated with an exit
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code of 0. If set to
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<option>restart-always</option> the
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service will be restarted regardless
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whether it exited cleanly or not, or
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got terminated abnormally by a
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signal.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>PermissionsStartOnly=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
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argument. If true, the permission
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related execution options as
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configured with
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<varname>User=</varname> and similar
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options (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more information) are only applied
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to the process started with
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
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to the various other
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<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
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commands. If false, the setting is
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applied to all configured commands the
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same way. Defaults to
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false.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RootDirectoryStartOnly=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
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argument. If true, the root directory
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as configured with the
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<varname>RootDirectory=</varname>
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option (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more information) is only applied
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to the process started with
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
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to the various other
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<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
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<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
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commands. If false, the setting is
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applied to all configured commands the
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same way. Defaults to
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false.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SysVStartPriority=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Set the SysV start
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priority to use to order this service
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in relation to SysV services lacking
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LSB headers. This option is only
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necessary to fix ordering in relation
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to legacy SysV services, that have no
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ordering information encoded in the
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script headers. As such it should only
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be used as temporary compatibility
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option, and not be used in new unit
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files. Almost always it is a better
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choice to add explicit ordering
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directives via
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<varname>After=</varname> or
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<varname>Before=</varname>,
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instead. For more details see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If
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used, pass an integer value in the
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range 0-99.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>KillMode=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Specifies how
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processes of this service shall be
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killed. One of
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<option>control-group</option>,
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<option>process-group</option>,
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<option>process</option>,
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<option>none</option>.</para>
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<para>If set to
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<option>control-group</option> all
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remaining processes in the control
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group of this service will be
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terminated on service stop, after the
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stop command (as configured with
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<varname>ExecStop=</varname>) is
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executed. If set to
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<option>process-group</option> only
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the members of the process group of
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the main service process are
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killed. If set to
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<option>process</option> only the main
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process itself is killed. If set to
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<option>none</option> no process is
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killed. In this case only the stop
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command will be executed on service
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stop, but no process be killed
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otherwise. Processes remaining alive
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after stop are left in their control
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group and the control group continues
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to exist after stop unless it is
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empty. Defaults to
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<option>control-croup</option>.</para>
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<para>Processes will first be
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terminated via SIGTERM. If then after
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a delay (configured via the
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<option>TimeoutSec=</option> option)
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processes still remain, the
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|
termination request is repeated with
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the SIGKILL signal. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more
|
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information.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>NonBlocking=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Set O_NONBLOCK flag
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for all file descriptors passed via
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socket-based activation. If true, all
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file descriptors >= 3 (i.e. all except
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STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR) will have
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the O_NONBLOCK flag set and hence are in
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non-blocking mode. This option is only
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useful in conjunction with a socket
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unit, as described in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Defaults
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to false.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><varname>NotifyAccess=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls access to the
|
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service status notification socket, as
|
|
accessible via the
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
call. Takes one of
|
|
<option>none</option> (the default),
|
|
<option>main</option> or
|
|
<option>all</option>. If
|
|
<option>none</option> no daemon status
|
|
updates are accepted by the service
|
|
processes, all status update messages
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|
are ignored. If <option>main</option>
|
|
only service updates sent from the
|
|
main process of the service are
|
|
accepted. If <option>all</option> all
|
|
services updates from all members of
|
|
the service's control group are
|
|
accepted. This option must be set to
|
|
open access to the notification socket
|
|
when using
|
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<varname>Type=notify</varname> (see above).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
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|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
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|
|
</refentry>
|