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<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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2012-04-12 05:20:58 +07:00
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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2012-04-12 05:20:58 +07:00
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
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2012-04-12 05:20:58 +07:00
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.service">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.service</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.service</refname>
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<refpurpose>Service unit configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>systemd.service</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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2010-07-02 04:49:50 +07:00
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<para>A unit configuration file whose name ends in
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<filename>.service</filename> encodes information
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about a process controlled and supervised by
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systemd.</para>
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<para>This man page lists the configuration options
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specific to this unit type. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for the common options of all unit configuration
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files. The common configuration items are configured
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in the generic <literal>[Unit]</literal> and
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<literal>[Install]</literal> sections. The service
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specific configuration options are configured in the
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<literal>[Service]</literal> section.</para>
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2010-07-03 00:51:07 +07:00
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<para>Additional options are listed in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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which define the execution environment the commands
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are executed in, and in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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which define the way the processes of the service are
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terminated.</para>
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<para>Unless <varname>DefaultDependencies=</varname>
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is set to <option>false</option>, service units will
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implicitly have dependencies of type
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<varname>Requires=</varname> and
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<varname>After=</varname> on
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<filename>basic.target</filename> as well as
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dependencies of type <varname>Conflicts=</varname> and
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<varname>Before=</varname> on
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<filename>shutdown.target</filename>. These ensure
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that normal service units pull in basic system
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initialization, and are terminated cleanly prior to
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system shutdown. Only services involved with early
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boot or late system shutdown should disable this
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option.</para>
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<para>If a service is requested under a certain name
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but no unit configuration file is found, systemd looks
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for a SysV init script by the same name (with the
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<filename>.service</filename> suffix removed) and
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dynamically creates a service unit from that
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script. This is useful for compatibility with
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SysV. Note that this compatibility is quite
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comprehensive but not 100%. For details about the
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incomptibilities see the <ulink
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url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Incompatibilities">Incompatibilities
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with SysV</ulink> document.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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2010-07-04 00:54:00 +07:00
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<para>Service files must include a
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<literal>[Service]</literal> section, which carries
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information about the service and the process it
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supervises. A number of options that may be used in
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this section are shared with other unit types. These
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options are documented in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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and
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
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options specific to the <literal>[Service]</literal>
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section of service units are the following:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Type=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures the process
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start-up type for this service
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unit. One of <option>simple</option>,
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<option>forking</option>,
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<option>oneshot</option>,
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<option>dbus</option>,
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<option>notify</option> or
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<option>idle</option>.</para>
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<para>If set to
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<option>simple</option> (the default
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2012-05-03 19:46:29 +07:00
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value if <varname>BusName=</varname>
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is not specified) it is expected that
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the process configured with
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<varname>ExecStart=</varname> is the
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main process of the service. In this
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mode, if the process offers
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functionality to other processes on
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the system its communication channels
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should be installed before the daemon
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is started up (e.g. sockets set up by
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systemd, via socket activation), as
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systemd will immediately proceed
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starting follow-up units.</para>
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<para>If set to
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<option>forking</option> it is
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expected that the process configured
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with <varname>ExecStart=</varname>
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will call <function>fork()</function>
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as part of its start-up. The parent process is
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expected to exit when start-up is
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complete and all communication
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channels set up. The child continues
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to run as the main daemon
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process. This is the behaviour of
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traditional UNIX daemons. If this
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setting is used, it is recommended to
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also use the
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<varname>PIDFile=</varname> option, so
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that systemd can identify the main
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process of the daemon. systemd will
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proceed starting follow-up units as
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soon as the parent process
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exits.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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2010-08-13 23:23:01 +07:00
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<option>oneshot</option> is similar
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to <option>simple</option>, however
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it is expected that the process has to
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exit before systemd starts follow-up
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2010-08-18 00:37:36 +07:00
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units. <varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname>
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is particularly useful for this type
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of service.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>dbus</option> is similar to
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<option>simple</option>, however it is
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expected that the daemon acquires a
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name on the D-Bus bus, as configured
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by
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<varname>BusName=</varname>. systemd
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will proceed starting follow-up units
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after the D-Bus bus name has been
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acquired. Service units with this
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option configured implicitly gain
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dependencies on the
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2011-03-18 09:32:33 +07:00
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<filename>dbus.socket</filename>
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2012-05-03 19:46:29 +07:00
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unit. This type is the default if
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<varname>BusName=</varname> is
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specified.</para>
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>notify</option> is similar to
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<option>simple</option>, however it is
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expected that the daemon sends a
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notification message via
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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or an equivalent call when it finished
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starting up. systemd will proceed
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starting follow-up units after this
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notification message has been sent. If
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this option is used
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<varname>NotifyAccess=</varname> (see
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below) should be set to open access to
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the notification socket provided by
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systemd. If
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2012-02-10 03:11:25 +07:00
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<varname>NotifyAccess=</varname> is
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not set, it will be implicitly set to
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<option>main</option>.</para>
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2012-04-27 01:32:26 +07:00
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<para>Behaviour of
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<option>idle</option> is very similar
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2012-04-30 20:30:57 +07:00
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to <option>simple</option>, however
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2012-04-27 01:32:26 +07:00
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actual execution of a the service
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binary is delayed until all jobs are
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dispatched. This may be used to avoid
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interleaving of output of shell
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services with the status output on the
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console.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value
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that specifies whether the service
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shall be considered active even when
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all its processes exited. Defaults to
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<option>no</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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2011-02-14 00:51:30 +07:00
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>GuessMainPID=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value
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that specifies whether systemd should
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try to guess the main PID of a service
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should if it cannot be determined
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reliably. This option is ignored
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unless <option>Type=forking</option>
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is set and <option>PIDFile=</option>
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is unset because for the other types
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or with an explicitly configured PID
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file the main PID is always known. The
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guessing algorithm might come to
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incorrect conclusions if a daemon
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consists of more than one process. If
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the main PID cannot be determined
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failure detection and automatic
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restarting of a service will not work
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reliably. Defaults to
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<option>yes</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>PIDFile=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes an absolute file
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name pointing to the PID file of this
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daemon. Use of this option is
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recommended for services where
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<varname>Type=</varname> is set to
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2011-02-09 17:00:17 +07:00
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<option>forking</option>. systemd will
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read the PID of the main process of
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the daemon after start-up of the
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service. systemd will not write to the
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file configured here.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>BusName=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a D-Bus bus
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name, where this service is reachable
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as. This option is mandatory for
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services where
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<varname>Type=</varname> is set to
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<option>dbus</option>, but its use
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is otherwise recommended as well if
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the process takes a name on the D-Bus
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|
|
|
bus.</para>
|
2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecStart=</varname></term>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a command line
|
|
|
|
|
that is executed when this service
|
|
|
|
|
shall be started up. The first token
|
|
|
|
|
of the command line must be an
|
|
|
|
|
absolute file name, then followed by
|
|
|
|
|
arguments for the process. It is
|
|
|
|
|
mandatory to set this option for all
|
|
|
|
|
services. This option may not be
|
2010-08-13 23:46:04 +07:00
|
|
|
specified more than once, except when
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Type=oneshot</varname> is
|
|
|
|
|
used in which case more than one
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname> line is
|
|
|
|
|
accepted which are then invoked one by
|
|
|
|
|
one, sequentially in the order they
|
|
|
|
|
appear in the unit file.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Optionally, if the absolute file
|
|
|
|
|
name is prefixed with
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>@</literal>, the second token
|
|
|
|
|
will be passed as
|
2010-07-04 00:54:00 +07:00
|
|
|
<literal>argv[0]</literal> to the
|
|
|
|
|
executed process, followed by the
|
2010-07-12 07:25:42 +07:00
|
|
|
further arguments specified. If the
|
|
|
|
|
first token is prefixed with
|
2010-08-13 23:46:04 +07:00
|
|
|
<literal>-</literal> an exit code of
|
2010-07-12 07:25:42 +07:00
|
|
|
the command normally considered a
|
2010-08-13 23:46:04 +07:00
|
|
|
failure (i.e. non-zero exit status or
|
2010-12-31 07:50:51 +07:00
|
|
|
abnormal exit due to signal) is ignored
|
2010-08-13 23:46:04 +07:00
|
|
|
and considered success. If both
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>-</literal> and
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>@</literal> are used for the
|
2010-12-31 07:50:51 +07:00
|
|
|
same command the former must precede
|
2010-08-13 23:46:04 +07:00
|
|
|
the latter. Unless
|
2010-07-08 09:19:54 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>Type=forking</varname> is
|
|
|
|
|
set, the process started via this
|
|
|
|
|
command line will be considered the
|
|
|
|
|
main process of the daemon. The
|
|
|
|
|
command line accepts % specifiers as
|
|
|
|
|
described in
|
2011-10-03 17:50:09 +07:00
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>On top of that basic environment
|
|
|
|
|
variable substitution is
|
|
|
|
|
supported. Use
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>${FOO}</literal> as part of a
|
|
|
|
|
word, or as word of its own on the
|
|
|
|
|
command line, in which case it will be
|
|
|
|
|
replaced by the value of the
|
|
|
|
|
environment variable including all
|
|
|
|
|
whitespace it contains, resulting in a
|
|
|
|
|
single argument. Use
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>$FOO</literal> as a separate
|
|
|
|
|
word on the command line, in which
|
|
|
|
|
case it will be replaced by the value
|
|
|
|
|
of the environment variable split up
|
|
|
|
|
at whitespace, resulting in no or more
|
|
|
|
|
arguments. Note that the first
|
|
|
|
|
argument (i.e. the program to execute)
|
|
|
|
|
may not be a variable, and must be a
|
|
|
|
|
literal and absolute path
|
|
|
|
|
name.</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecStartPre=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecStartPost=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Additional commands
|
|
|
|
|
that are executed before (resp. after)
|
|
|
|
|
the command in
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>. Multiple
|
|
|
|
|
command lines may be concatenated in a
|
2010-09-29 20:13:04 +07:00
|
|
|
single directive, by separating them
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
by semicolons (these semicolons must
|
2010-09-03 21:30:48 +07:00
|
|
|
be passed as separate words). In that
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
case, the commands are executed one
|
|
|
|
|
after the other,
|
|
|
|
|
serially. Alternatively, these
|
|
|
|
|
directives may be specified more than
|
2010-12-31 07:50:51 +07:00
|
|
|
once with the same effect. However,
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
the latter syntax is not recommended
|
|
|
|
|
for compatibility with parsers
|
|
|
|
|
suitable for XDG
|
|
|
|
|
<filename>.desktop</filename> files.
|
|
|
|
|
Use of these settings is
|
2010-07-08 09:19:54 +07:00
|
|
|
optional. Specifier and environment
|
|
|
|
|
variable substitution is
|
|
|
|
|
supported.</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecReload=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Commands to execute to
|
|
|
|
|
trigger a configuration reload in the
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
service. This argument takes multiple
|
|
|
|
|
command lines, following the same
|
|
|
|
|
scheme as pointed out for
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
above. Use of this setting is
|
2010-07-08 09:19:54 +07:00
|
|
|
optional. Specifier and environment
|
|
|
|
|
variable substitution is supported
|
|
|
|
|
here following the same scheme as for
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>. One
|
|
|
|
|
special environment variable is set:
|
|
|
|
|
if known <literal>$MAINPID</literal> is
|
|
|
|
|
set to the main process of the
|
|
|
|
|
daemon, and may be used for command
|
|
|
|
|
lines like the following:
|
|
|
|
|
<command>/bin/kill -HUP
|
2010-10-20 00:37:38 +07:00
|
|
|
$MAINPID</command>.</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecStop=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Commands to execute to
|
|
|
|
|
stop the service started via
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>. This
|
|
|
|
|
argument takes multiple command lines,
|
|
|
|
|
following the same scheme as pointed
|
|
|
|
|
out for
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
above. Use of this setting is
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
optional. All processes remaining for
|
|
|
|
|
a service after the commands
|
|
|
|
|
configured in this option are run are
|
|
|
|
|
terminated according to the
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>KillMode=</varname> setting
|
2012-07-20 04:47:10 +07:00
|
|
|
(see
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>). If
|
|
|
|
|
this option is not specified the
|
|
|
|
|
process is terminated right-away when
|
|
|
|
|
service stop is requested. Specifier
|
|
|
|
|
and environment variable substitution
|
|
|
|
|
is supported (including
|
2010-10-20 00:37:38 +07:00
|
|
|
<literal>$MAINPID</literal>, see
|
2010-07-08 09:19:54 +07:00
|
|
|
above).</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>ExecStopPost=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Additional commands
|
|
|
|
|
that are executed after the service
|
|
|
|
|
was stopped using the commands
|
|
|
|
|
configured in
|
2010-07-08 02:22:56 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStop=</varname>. This
|
|
|
|
|
argument takes multiple command lines,
|
|
|
|
|
following the same scheme as pointed
|
|
|
|
|
out for
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPre</varname>. Use
|
|
|
|
|
of these settings is
|
2010-07-08 09:19:54 +07:00
|
|
|
optional. Specifier and environment
|
|
|
|
|
variable substitution is
|
|
|
|
|
supported.</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>RestartSec=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures the time to
|
|
|
|
|
sleep before restarting a service (as
|
|
|
|
|
configured with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Restart=</varname>). Takes a
|
|
|
|
|
unit-less value in seconds, or a time
|
|
|
|
|
span value such as "5min
|
|
|
|
|
20s". Defaults to
|
|
|
|
|
100ms.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
<term><varname>TimeoutStartSec=</varname></term>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures the time to
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
wait for start-up. If a
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
daemon service does not signal
|
|
|
|
|
start-up completion within the
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
configured time, the service will be
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
considered failed and be shut down
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
again.
|
|
|
|
|
Takes a unit-less value in seconds, or a
|
|
|
|
|
time span value such as "5min
|
|
|
|
|
20s". Pass 0 to disable the timeout
|
|
|
|
|
logic. Defaults to 90s, except when
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Type=oneshot</varname> is
|
|
|
|
|
used in which case the timeout
|
|
|
|
|
is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>TimeoutStopSec=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures the time to
|
|
|
|
|
wait for stop. If a service is asked
|
|
|
|
|
to stop but does not terminate in the
|
|
|
|
|
specified time, it will be terminated
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
forcibly via SIGTERM, and after
|
|
|
|
|
another delay of this time with
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
SIGKILL (See
|
2010-07-04 00:54:00 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>KillMode=</varname>
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
|
|
|
|
|
Takes a unit-less value in seconds, or a
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
time span value such as "5min
|
|
|
|
|
20s". Pass 0 to disable the timeout
|
2012-08-07 19:41:48 +07:00
|
|
|
logic. Defaults to 90s.
|
|
|
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>TimeoutSec=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>A shorthand for configuring
|
|
|
|
|
both <varname>TimeoutStartSec=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
and <varname>TimeoutStopSec=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
to the specified value.
|
|
|
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-02-08 16:10:34 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>WatchdogSec=</varname></term>
|
2012-02-09 03:24:41 +07:00
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures the
|
|
|
|
|
watchdog timeout for a service. This
|
|
|
|
|
is activated when the start-up is
|
|
|
|
|
completed. The service must call
|
2012-02-08 16:10:34 +07:00
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
2012-06-28 05:24:36 +07:00
|
|
|
regularly with "WATCHDOG=1" (i.e. the
|
|
|
|
|
"keep-alive ping"). If the time
|
|
|
|
|
between two such calls is larger than
|
|
|
|
|
the configured time then the service
|
|
|
|
|
is placed in a failure state. By
|
|
|
|
|
setting <varname>Restart=</varname> to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>on-failure</option> or
|
2012-02-09 03:24:41 +07:00
|
|
|
<option>always</option> the service
|
|
|
|
|
will be automatically restarted. The
|
|
|
|
|
time configured here will be passed to
|
|
|
|
|
the executed service process in the
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>WATCHDOG_USEC=</varname>
|
2012-06-28 05:24:36 +07:00
|
|
|
environment variable. This allows
|
|
|
|
|
daemons to automatically enable the
|
|
|
|
|
keep-alive pinging logic if watchdog
|
|
|
|
|
support is enabled for the service. If
|
2012-02-10 03:11:25 +07:00
|
|
|
this option is used
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>NotifyAccess=</varname> (see
|
|
|
|
|
below) should be set to open access to
|
|
|
|
|
the notification socket provided by
|
|
|
|
|
systemd. If
|
2012-06-28 05:24:36 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>NotifyAccess=</varname> is
|
|
|
|
|
not set, it will be implicitly set to
|
2012-02-10 03:11:25 +07:00
|
|
|
<option>main</option>. Defaults to 0,
|
2012-02-09 03:24:41 +07:00
|
|
|
which disables this
|
|
|
|
|
feature.</para></listitem>
|
2012-02-08 16:10:34 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>Restart=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures whether the
|
2010-10-08 23:34:54 +07:00
|
|
|
main service process shall be
|
2010-11-11 20:24:47 +07:00
|
|
|
restarted when it exits. Takes one of
|
2010-10-06 01:30:44 +07:00
|
|
|
<option>no</option>,
|
2010-10-08 23:34:54 +07:00
|
|
|
<option>on-success</option>,
|
|
|
|
|
<option>on-failure</option>,
|
|
|
|
|
<option>on-abort</option> or
|
|
|
|
|
<option>always</option>. If set to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>no</option> (the default) the
|
|
|
|
|
service will not be restarted when it
|
|
|
|
|
exits. If set to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>on-success</option> it will be
|
|
|
|
|
restarted only when it exited cleanly,
|
|
|
|
|
i.e. terminated with an exit code of
|
|
|
|
|
0. If set to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>on-failure</option> it will be
|
2010-12-31 07:50:51 +07:00
|
|
|
restarted only when it exited with an
|
2012-02-10 03:01:18 +07:00
|
|
|
exit code not equalling 0, when
|
2012-07-04 05:37:12 +07:00
|
|
|
terminated by a signal (including on
|
|
|
|
|
core dump), when an operation (such as
|
|
|
|
|
service reload) times out or when the
|
2012-02-10 03:01:18 +07:00
|
|
|
configured watchdog timeout is
|
|
|
|
|
triggered. If set to
|
2010-10-08 23:34:54 +07:00
|
|
|
<option>on-abort</option> it will be
|
|
|
|
|
restarted only if it exits due to
|
2012-07-04 05:37:12 +07:00
|
|
|
reception of an uncaught signal
|
|
|
|
|
(including on core dump). If set to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>always</option> the service
|
|
|
|
|
will be restarted regardless whether
|
|
|
|
|
it exited cleanly or not, got
|
|
|
|
|
terminated abnormally by a signal or
|
|
|
|
|
hit a timeout.</para></listitem>
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-08-13 18:58:01 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
2012-08-14 23:37:45 +07:00
|
|
|
<term><varname>SuccessExitStatus=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a list of exit
|
|
|
|
|
status definitions that when returned
|
|
|
|
|
by the main service process will be
|
|
|
|
|
considered successful termination, in
|
|
|
|
|
addition to the normal successful exit
|
|
|
|
|
code 0 and the signals SIGHUP, SIGINT,
|
|
|
|
|
SIGTERM and SIGPIPE. Exit status
|
|
|
|
|
definitions can either be numeric exit
|
|
|
|
|
codes or termination signal names, and
|
|
|
|
|
are are separated by spaces. Example:
|
|
|
|
|
"<literal>SuccessExitStatus=1 2 8
|
|
|
|
|
SIGKILL</literal>", ensures that exit
|
|
|
|
|
codes 1, 2, 8 and the termination
|
|
|
|
|
signal SIGKILL are considered clean
|
|
|
|
|
service
|
|
|
|
|
terminations.</para></listitem>
|
2012-08-13 18:58:01 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
2012-08-14 23:37:45 +07:00
|
|
|
<term><varname>RestartPreventExitStatus=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a list of exit
|
|
|
|
|
status definitions that when returned
|
|
|
|
|
by the main service process will
|
|
|
|
|
prevent automatic service restarts
|
|
|
|
|
regardless of the restart setting
|
|
|
|
|
configured with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Restart=</varname>. Exit
|
|
|
|
|
status definitions can either be
|
|
|
|
|
numeric exit codes or termination
|
|
|
|
|
signal names, and are separated by
|
|
|
|
|
spaces. Defaults to the empty list, so
|
|
|
|
|
that by default no exit status is
|
|
|
|
|
excluded from the configured restart
|
|
|
|
|
logic. Example:
|
|
|
|
|
"<literal>RestartPreventExitStatus=1 6
|
|
|
|
|
SIGABRT</literal>", ensures that exit
|
|
|
|
|
codes 1 and 6 and the termination signal
|
|
|
|
|
SIGABRT will not result in automatic
|
|
|
|
|
service restarting.</para></listitem>
|
2012-08-13 18:58:01 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>PermissionsStartOnly=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
|
|
|
argument. If true, the permission
|
|
|
|
|
related execution options as
|
|
|
|
|
configured with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>User=</varname> and similar
|
|
|
|
|
options (see
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
for more information) are only applied
|
|
|
|
|
to the process started with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
|
|
|
|
|
to the various other
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
commands. If false, the setting is
|
|
|
|
|
applied to all configured commands the
|
|
|
|
|
same way. Defaults to
|
|
|
|
|
false.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>RootDirectoryStartOnly=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
|
|
|
argument. If true, the root directory
|
|
|
|
|
as configured with the
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>RootDirectory=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
option (see
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
for more information) is only applied
|
|
|
|
|
to the process started with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
|
|
|
|
|
to the various other
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
commands. If false, the setting is
|
|
|
|
|
applied to all configured commands the
|
|
|
|
|
same way. Defaults to
|
|
|
|
|
false.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>NonBlocking=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set O_NONBLOCK flag
|
|
|
|
|
for all file descriptors passed via
|
|
|
|
|
socket-based activation. If true, all
|
|
|
|
|
file descriptors >= 3 (i.e. all except
|
|
|
|
|
STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR) will have
|
|
|
|
|
the O_NONBLOCK flag set and hence are in
|
|
|
|
|
non-blocking mode. This option is only
|
|
|
|
|
useful in conjunction with a socket
|
|
|
|
|
unit, as described in
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Defaults
|
|
|
|
|
to false.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>NotifyAccess=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls access to the
|
|
|
|
|
service status notification socket, as
|
|
|
|
|
accessible via the
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
call. Takes one of
|
|
|
|
|
<option>none</option> (the default),
|
|
|
|
|
<option>main</option> or
|
|
|
|
|
<option>all</option>. If
|
|
|
|
|
<option>none</option> no daemon status
|
2010-11-11 20:24:47 +07:00
|
|
|
updates are accepted from the service
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
processes, all status update messages
|
|
|
|
|
are ignored. If <option>main</option>
|
|
|
|
|
only service updates sent from the
|
|
|
|
|
main process of the service are
|
|
|
|
|
accepted. If <option>all</option> all
|
|
|
|
|
services updates from all members of
|
|
|
|
|
the service's control group are
|
2012-02-10 03:11:25 +07:00
|
|
|
accepted. This option should be set to
|
2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
|
|
|
open access to the notification socket
|
|
|
|
|
when using
|
2012-02-10 03:11:25 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>Type=notify</varname> or
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>WatchdogUsec=</varname> (see
|
|
|
|
|
above). If those options are used but
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>NotifyAccess=</varname> not
|
|
|
|
|
configured it will be implicitly set
|
|
|
|
|
to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>main</option>.</para></listitem>
|
2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-10-06 01:51:00 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>Sockets=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Specifies the name of
|
|
|
|
|
the socket units this service shall
|
|
|
|
|
inherit the sockets from when the
|
2011-12-17 06:39:19 +07:00
|
|
|
service is started. Normally it
|
2010-10-06 01:51:00 +07:00
|
|
|
should not be necessary to use this
|
|
|
|
|
setting as all sockets whose unit
|
|
|
|
|
shares the same name as the service
|
2011-12-17 06:39:19 +07:00
|
|
|
(ignoring the different suffix of course)
|
2010-10-06 01:51:00 +07:00
|
|
|
are passed to the spawned
|
|
|
|
|
process.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that the same socket may be
|
|
|
|
|
passed to multiple processes at the
|
|
|
|
|
same time. Also note that a different
|
|
|
|
|
service may be activated on incoming
|
|
|
|
|
traffic than inherits the sockets. Or
|
|
|
|
|
in other words: The
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Service=</varname> setting of
|
|
|
|
|
<filename>.socket</filename> units
|
|
|
|
|
doesn't have to match the inverse of the
|
2010-10-06 02:22:41 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>Sockets=</varname> setting of
|
2010-10-06 01:51:00 +07:00
|
|
|
the <filename>.service</filename> it
|
|
|
|
|
refers to.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-02-10 03:01:18 +07:00
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>StartLimitInterval=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>StartLimitBurst=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configure service
|
|
|
|
|
start rate limiting. By default
|
|
|
|
|
services which are started more often
|
|
|
|
|
than 5 times within 10s are not
|
|
|
|
|
permitted to start any more times
|
|
|
|
|
until the 10s interval ends. With
|
|
|
|
|
these two options this rate limiting
|
|
|
|
|
may be modified. Use
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>StartLimitInterval=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
to configure the checking interval
|
|
|
|
|
(defaults to 10s, set to 0 to disable
|
|
|
|
|
any kind of rate limiting). Use
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>StartLimitBurst=</varname> to
|
|
|
|
|
configure how many starts per interval
|
|
|
|
|
are allowed (defaults to 5). These
|
|
|
|
|
configuration options are particularly
|
|
|
|
|
useful in conjunction with
|
2012-07-04 05:12:13 +07:00
|
|
|
<varname>Restart=</varname>, however
|
|
|
|
|
apply to all kinds of starts
|
|
|
|
|
(including manual), not just those
|
|
|
|
|
triggered by the
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Restart=</varname> logic.
|
|
|
|
|
Note that units which are configured
|
|
|
|
|
for <varname>Restart=</varname> and
|
|
|
|
|
which reach the start limit are not
|
2012-07-04 05:07:33 +07:00
|
|
|
attempted to be restarted anymore,
|
|
|
|
|
however they may still be restarted
|
|
|
|
|
manually at a later point from which
|
|
|
|
|
point on the restart logic is again
|
2012-07-04 05:23:42 +07:00
|
|
|
activated. Note that
|
|
|
|
|
<command>systemctl
|
|
|
|
|
reset-failed</command> will cause the
|
|
|
|
|
restart rate counter for a service to
|
|
|
|
|
be flushed, which is useful if the
|
|
|
|
|
administrator wants to manually start
|
|
|
|
|
a service and the start limit
|
|
|
|
|
interferes with
|
|
|
|
|
that.</para></listitem>
|
2012-02-10 03:01:18 +07:00
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>StartLimitAction=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configure the action
|
|
|
|
|
to take if the rate limit configured
|
|
|
|
|
with
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>StartLimitInterval=</varname>
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>StartLimitBurst=</varname> is
|
|
|
|
|
hit. Takes one of
|
|
|
|
|
<option>none</option>,
|
|
|
|
|
<option>reboot</option>,
|
|
|
|
|
<option>reboot-force</option> or
|
|
|
|
|
<option>reboot-immediate</option>. If
|
|
|
|
|
<option>none</option> is set,
|
|
|
|
|
hitting the rate limit will trigger no
|
|
|
|
|
action besides that the start will not
|
|
|
|
|
be
|
|
|
|
|
permitted. <option>reboot</option>
|
|
|
|
|
causes a reboot following the normal
|
|
|
|
|
shutdown procedure (i.e. equivalent to
|
|
|
|
|
<command>systemctl reboot</command>),
|
|
|
|
|
<option>reboot-force</option> causes
|
|
|
|
|
an forced reboot which will terminate
|
|
|
|
|
all processes forcibly but should
|
|
|
|
|
cause no dirty file systems on reboot
|
|
|
|
|
(i.e. equivalent to <command>systemctl
|
|
|
|
|
reboot -f</command>) and
|
|
|
|
|
<option>reboot-immediate</option>
|
|
|
|
|
causes immediate execution of the
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>reboot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
system call, which might result in
|
|
|
|
|
data loss. Defaults to
|
|
|
|
|
<option>none</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
2012-07-20 04:47:10 +07:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Check
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
for more settings.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-05-31 02:42:07 +07:00
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
|
|
|
<title>Compatibility Options</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>The following options are also available in the
|
|
|
|
|
<literal>[Service]</literal> section, but exist purely
|
|
|
|
|
for compatibility reasons and should not be used in
|
|
|
|
|
newly written service files.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>SysVStartPriority=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set the SysV start
|
|
|
|
|
priority to use to order this service
|
|
|
|
|
in relation to SysV services lacking
|
|
|
|
|
LSB headers. This option is only
|
|
|
|
|
necessary to fix ordering in relation
|
|
|
|
|
to legacy SysV services, that have no
|
|
|
|
|
ordering information encoded in the
|
|
|
|
|
script headers. As such it should only
|
|
|
|
|
be used as temporary compatibility
|
|
|
|
|
option, and not be used in new unit
|
|
|
|
|
files. Almost always it is a better
|
|
|
|
|
choice to add explicit ordering
|
|
|
|
|
directives via
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> or
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
instead. For more details see
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If
|
|
|
|
|
used, pass an integer value in the
|
|
|
|
|
range 0-99.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
<term><varname>FsckPassNo=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set the fsck passno
|
|
|
|
|
priority to use to order this service
|
|
|
|
|
in relation to other file system
|
|
|
|
|
checking services. This option is only
|
|
|
|
|
necessary to fix ordering in relation
|
|
|
|
|
to fsck jobs automatically created for
|
|
|
|
|
all <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>
|
|
|
|
|
entries with a value in the fs_passno
|
|
|
|
|
column > 0. As such it should only be
|
|
|
|
|
used as option for fsck
|
|
|
|
|
services. Almost always it is a better
|
|
|
|
|
choice to add explicit ordering
|
|
|
|
|
directives via
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> or
|
|
|
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname>,
|
|
|
|
|
instead. For more details see
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If
|
|
|
|
|
used, pass an integer value in the
|
|
|
|
|
same range as
|
|
|
|
|
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>'s
|
|
|
|
|
fs_passno column. See
|
|
|
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
|
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
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2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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2010-07-07 06:38:56 +07:00
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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2010-07-02 00:39:35 +07:00
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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2012-07-20 04:47:10 +07:00
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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2010-05-16 04:06:41 +07:00
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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